Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324609
Fan Zhang
In this paper, we present the fundamental principles of power distribution over single busbar network and the relevant mathematical models. Subsequently, we investigate into the impact of the load voltage fluctuation on the system reliability and the impact can be quantified by employing several state-of-the-art statistical models. Specifically, we analyse the reliability and performance of distribution network and figure out the relation among reliability and a number of ambient parameters. Based on the mathematical derivation and modelling, we also employ MATLAB to simulate the system and observe the system reliability given different parameters. For brevity and the demonstration purpose, we adopt per-unit system in this paper to provide a succinct solution ignoring the magnetic circuit inside the substation. Finally, several suggestions associated with the reliability of power system, are addressed based on the simulations and analysis. The fundamental models constructed and main findings in this paper can provide an in-depth explanation for the voltage fluctuation in single busbar system. Meanwhile, they also serve as a firm reference for further research into multi-busbar system.
{"title":"Operation reliability analysis of single busbar power distribution network using statistics","authors":"Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324609","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the fundamental principles of power distribution over single busbar network and the relevant mathematical models. Subsequently, we investigate into the impact of the load voltage fluctuation on the system reliability and the impact can be quantified by employing several state-of-the-art statistical models. Specifically, we analyse the reliability and performance of distribution network and figure out the relation among reliability and a number of ambient parameters. Based on the mathematical derivation and modelling, we also employ MATLAB to simulate the system and observe the system reliability given different parameters. For brevity and the demonstration purpose, we adopt per-unit system in this paper to provide a succinct solution ignoring the magnetic circuit inside the substation. Finally, several suggestions associated with the reliability of power system, are addressed based on the simulations and analysis. The fundamental models constructed and main findings in this paper can provide an in-depth explanation for the voltage fluctuation in single busbar system. Meanwhile, they also serve as a firm reference for further research into multi-busbar system.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115037209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324611
Nivine Abou Daher, I. Mougharbel, M. Saad, H. Kanaan, D. Asber
The non-supervised insertion of renewable energy sources into electric power networks causes fluctuations that may lead to voltage instability. The simple and coordinated secondary voltage control systems are used to avoid this instability. To obtain maximum regulation performance with optimized number of controllers, an appropriate selection of pilot buses is suggested. In this paper new algorithm is proposed to select optimal pilot buses. This method is based on the singular decomposition of the reduced Jacobian matrix with the voltage security margin index. To evaluate the efficiency of this algorithm, a comparison with the Bifurcation, Clustering with Node-Partitioning Around Medoids and the Hybrid algorithms is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm gives optimal pilot buses according to the selection criteria (explained later in the paper).
{"title":"Pilot buses selection based on reduced Jacobian matrix","authors":"Nivine Abou Daher, I. Mougharbel, M. Saad, H. Kanaan, D. Asber","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324611","url":null,"abstract":"The non-supervised insertion of renewable energy sources into electric power networks causes fluctuations that may lead to voltage instability. The simple and coordinated secondary voltage control systems are used to avoid this instability. To obtain maximum regulation performance with optimized number of controllers, an appropriate selection of pilot buses is suggested. In this paper new algorithm is proposed to select optimal pilot buses. This method is based on the singular decomposition of the reduced Jacobian matrix with the voltage security margin index. To evaluate the efficiency of this algorithm, a comparison with the Bifurcation, Clustering with Node-Partitioning Around Medoids and the Hybrid algorithms is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm gives optimal pilot buses according to the selection criteria (explained later in the paper).","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128529956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324577
E. Rodrigues, G. Osório, J. Lujano-Rojas, J. Matias, J. Catalão
This paper presents an algorithm for integrating and managing electrochemical energy storage systems (ESSs) on unit commitment (UC) problem. As some elements required for integrating electrochemical ESS, such as the power converter, have non-linear characteristics, its corresponding linear modeling could be difficult to be developed and included on the UC problem, which could lead to unfeasible solutions or unexpected results. In order to incorporate full models of ESS and its interface with the power system, in this paper an algorithm to incorporate electrochemical ESS management on the UC problem is presented. An insular power system of 10-units is analyzed, and conclusions are duly drawn.
{"title":"New schedule management approach of energy storage system in insular power system","authors":"E. Rodrigues, G. Osório, J. Lujano-Rojas, J. Matias, J. Catalão","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324577","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an algorithm for integrating and managing electrochemical energy storage systems (ESSs) on unit commitment (UC) problem. As some elements required for integrating electrochemical ESS, such as the power converter, have non-linear characteristics, its corresponding linear modeling could be difficult to be developed and included on the UC problem, which could lead to unfeasible solutions or unexpected results. In order to incorporate full models of ESS and its interface with the power system, in this paper an algorithm to incorporate electrochemical ESS management on the UC problem is presented. An insular power system of 10-units is analyzed, and conclusions are duly drawn.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132931686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324604
H. Sindi, M. Shaaban, E. El-Saadany
An algorithm to maximize distributed generation (DG) hosting capacity in a system while lowering overall system cost is proposed in this paper. This algorithm considers several realistic aspects of long-term DG planning, such as cost effective design of feeder reinforcement. It allocates DGs and provides the type, size, location, and year of installation. Both dispatchable and non-dispatchable DG technologies are used. The complexity of the problem necessitates modeling the problem as mixed integer nonlinear programming. This is performed while considering the daily optimal operation of the allocated DGs. A case study of a test system was conducted over a planning period of 20 years, with every year consisting of eight-day patterns and each day having 24 varying hours.
{"title":"Distributed generation long-term planning in smart distribution systems considering daily optimal operation","authors":"H. Sindi, M. Shaaban, E. El-Saadany","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324604","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm to maximize distributed generation (DG) hosting capacity in a system while lowering overall system cost is proposed in this paper. This algorithm considers several realistic aspects of long-term DG planning, such as cost effective design of feeder reinforcement. It allocates DGs and provides the type, size, location, and year of installation. Both dispatchable and non-dispatchable DG technologies are used. The complexity of the problem necessitates modeling the problem as mixed integer nonlinear programming. This is performed while considering the daily optimal operation of the allocated DGs. A case study of a test system was conducted over a planning period of 20 years, with every year consisting of eight-day patterns and each day having 24 varying hours.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123554767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324592
M. Manbachi, A. Sadu, H. Farhangi, A. Monti, A. Palizban, F. Ponci, S. Arzanpour
This paper investigates a real-time communication platform for a Smart Grid adaptive Volt-VAR Optimization (VVO) engine. Novel VVO techniques receive inputs from Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to dynamically optimize distribution networks. As communication platform design and characteristics affect Smart Grid-based VVO performance in terms of control accuracy and response time, VVO ICT studies is essential for grid planners and/or power utilities. Hence, this paper primarily introduces a real-time co-simulated environment comprised of Smart Grid adaptive VVO engine, RTDS model and system communication platform using DNP3 protocol. This platform is built to test and asses the influence of different components included in Smart Grid monitoring and control system; namely the sensors, measurement units, communication infrastructure on the operation and control of VVO. Moreover, this paper uses a real-time platform to check the robustness of the monitoring and control applications for communication network considerations such as delays and packet loss. Next, this paper investigates how such a platform could look into communication issues while taking system requirements into consideration. A 33-node distribution feeder is employed to check system performance through communication parameters such as throughput and response time.
{"title":"Real-time communication platform for Smart Grid adaptive Volt-VAR Optimization of distribution networks","authors":"M. Manbachi, A. Sadu, H. Farhangi, A. Monti, A. Palizban, F. Ponci, S. Arzanpour","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324592","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates a real-time communication platform for a Smart Grid adaptive Volt-VAR Optimization (VVO) engine. Novel VVO techniques receive inputs from Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to dynamically optimize distribution networks. As communication platform design and characteristics affect Smart Grid-based VVO performance in terms of control accuracy and response time, VVO ICT studies is essential for grid planners and/or power utilities. Hence, this paper primarily introduces a real-time co-simulated environment comprised of Smart Grid adaptive VVO engine, RTDS model and system communication platform using DNP3 protocol. This platform is built to test and asses the influence of different components included in Smart Grid monitoring and control system; namely the sensors, measurement units, communication infrastructure on the operation and control of VVO. Moreover, this paper uses a real-time platform to check the robustness of the monitoring and control applications for communication network considerations such as delays and packet loss. Next, this paper investigates how such a platform could look into communication issues while taking system requirements into consideration. A 33-node distribution feeder is employed to check system performance through communication parameters such as throughput and response time.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134178203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324581
Libo Han, Tongzhen Wei, Qunhai Huo, Xingtian Feng
The future custom power park will realize the hierarchical power supply of different voltage quality grade, meanwhile and present the grid-friendly characteristics including low pollution for grid, organic combination with distributed generation (DG) and energy storage (ES). In order to gradually achieve the goals, the function reuse and integration in the equipment level should be solved firstly. It means the fusion among power quality equipments, DGs and ES in the equipment level. However, the research on series and parallel combination operation mode among some same or different types of custom power equipments, which could provide the basis for a variety of combination way of realization, provide the convenient and flexibility to deploy the functions of different equipments. It needs to study of problem which the share series or parallel connected converter among power quality equipments, DGs and ES. To seek a smooth switching method between variety of functions and status, and a coordination control method to balance functions of the grid generation, short-term support and power quality regulation. In this paper, mathematical models about custom power equipments are proposed and analysis is provided to show the principal and effect of interactions. Meanwhile the configuration guidelines for the different equipments are given and a novel integration strategy is proposed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the analysis.
{"title":"Research on the multi-function equipment of custom power park","authors":"Libo Han, Tongzhen Wei, Qunhai Huo, Xingtian Feng","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324581","url":null,"abstract":"The future custom power park will realize the hierarchical power supply of different voltage quality grade, meanwhile and present the grid-friendly characteristics including low pollution for grid, organic combination with distributed generation (DG) and energy storage (ES). In order to gradually achieve the goals, the function reuse and integration in the equipment level should be solved firstly. It means the fusion among power quality equipments, DGs and ES in the equipment level. However, the research on series and parallel combination operation mode among some same or different types of custom power equipments, which could provide the basis for a variety of combination way of realization, provide the convenient and flexibility to deploy the functions of different equipments. It needs to study of problem which the share series or parallel connected converter among power quality equipments, DGs and ES. To seek a smooth switching method between variety of functions and status, and a coordination control method to balance functions of the grid generation, short-term support and power quality regulation. In this paper, mathematical models about custom power equipments are proposed and analysis is provided to show the principal and effect of interactions. Meanwhile the configuration guidelines for the different equipments are given and a novel integration strategy is proposed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the analysis.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115338579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324610
Fawaz Alassery, Walid K. M. Ahmed, M. Sarraf, V. Lawrence
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been considered one of the very promising technologies for the implementation of smart grid. WSN-based smart grid communication protocols have been focused on extending the node's lifetime which is heavily depends on the energy consumption of the node. Since wireless sensors are typically deployed in an ad hoc fashion and operate off of a limited energy source, e.g., a battery, it is imperative to utilize the most power efficient techniques in wireless sensors to prolong battery life. In WSNs, a central node (a receiver) consumes large amount of power due to the necessity to decode every received packet regardless of the fact that the transmission may suffer from packets collision. Current collision detection mechanisms in WSNs have largely been revolving around direct demodulation and full decoding of received packets. The obvious drawback of full decoding of a received packet is the need to expend a significant amount of energy and processing complexity in order to fully-decode a packet, only to discover the packet is illegible due to a collision. In this paper, we propose a suite of novel, yet simple, smart and power-efficient technique to detect a collision at the receiver side of WSNs without the need for full-decoding of the received packet. Our novel technique aims at detecting collision through fast examination of the signal statistics of a short snippet of the received packet via a relatively small number of computations over a small number of received IQ samples. We also present a complexity and power-saving comparison between our novel technique and a conventional full-decoding technique to demonstrate the significant power and complexity saving advantage of our approach. In addition, we demonstrate how to tune various design parameters in order to allow a system designer multiple degrees of freedom for design trade-offs and optimization.
{"title":"Collision detection without full-decoding of corrupted packets: A novel design technique towards power-efficient and smart Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Fawaz Alassery, Walid K. M. Ahmed, M. Sarraf, V. Lawrence","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324610","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been considered one of the very promising technologies for the implementation of smart grid. WSN-based smart grid communication protocols have been focused on extending the node's lifetime which is heavily depends on the energy consumption of the node. Since wireless sensors are typically deployed in an ad hoc fashion and operate off of a limited energy source, e.g., a battery, it is imperative to utilize the most power efficient techniques in wireless sensors to prolong battery life. In WSNs, a central node (a receiver) consumes large amount of power due to the necessity to decode every received packet regardless of the fact that the transmission may suffer from packets collision. Current collision detection mechanisms in WSNs have largely been revolving around direct demodulation and full decoding of received packets. The obvious drawback of full decoding of a received packet is the need to expend a significant amount of energy and processing complexity in order to fully-decode a packet, only to discover the packet is illegible due to a collision. In this paper, we propose a suite of novel, yet simple, smart and power-efficient technique to detect a collision at the receiver side of WSNs without the need for full-decoding of the received packet. Our novel technique aims at detecting collision through fast examination of the signal statistics of a short snippet of the received packet via a relatively small number of computations over a small number of received IQ samples. We also present a complexity and power-saving comparison between our novel technique and a conventional full-decoding technique to demonstrate the significant power and complexity saving advantage of our approach. In addition, we demonstrate how to tune various design parameters in order to allow a system designer multiple degrees of freedom for design trade-offs and optimization.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128391032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324575
E. Pouresmaeil, M. Mehrasa, M. Amin Shokridehaki, E. Rodrigues, J. Catalão
This paper presents a control technique for control of a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) based DG system in the grid-connected mode. Circulating currents of MMC are considered as a state variable, besides the AC currents and dc-link voltage of interfaced converter, which is the main novelty and contribution of the proposed control technique over the other potential control techniques in DG technology. By this assumption, the proposed control technique is included by three outer, central and inner control loops for regulating the operation of interfaced MMC under steady state operating conditions, and during load and parameter variations. Passivity based controller, sliding mode method and reference currents calculator are employed as outer loop controller (OLC), central loop controller (CLC) and inner loop controller (ILC), respectively, in the proposed control technique. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control technique in the proposed DG model during dynamic and steady-state operating conditions.
{"title":"Control of Modular Multilevel Converters for integration of distributed generation sources into the power grid","authors":"E. Pouresmaeil, M. Mehrasa, M. Amin Shokridehaki, E. Rodrigues, J. Catalão","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324575","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a control technique for control of a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) based DG system in the grid-connected mode. Circulating currents of MMC are considered as a state variable, besides the AC currents and dc-link voltage of interfaced converter, which is the main novelty and contribution of the proposed control technique over the other potential control techniques in DG technology. By this assumption, the proposed control technique is included by three outer, central and inner control loops for regulating the operation of interfaced MMC under steady state operating conditions, and during load and parameter variations. Passivity based controller, sliding mode method and reference currents calculator are employed as outer loop controller (OLC), central loop controller (CLC) and inner loop controller (ILC), respectively, in the proposed control technique. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control technique in the proposed DG model during dynamic and steady-state operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121338975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324590
B. Vasyliv
Cyclic treatment technique (redox cycling) comprising stages of material exposition in reducing and oxidizing high temperature environments and intermediate degassing between these stages has been developed to improve the structural integrity of YSZ-NiO ceramic anode substrates for solid oxide fuel cells. Series of specimens were singly reduced in hydrogenous environment (the Ar-5 vol.%H2 mixture or hydrogen of 99.99 vol.%H2 purity) under the pressure of 0.15 MPa or subjected to redox cycling at 600 or 800°C. The influence of redox cycling at the treatment temperatures of 600 and 800°C on the structure, strength and electrical conductivity of the material has been analyzed. Using the treatment temperature 600°C the structure providing improved physical and mechanical properties of the material was formed. However, at the treatment temperature 800°C the anode structure with the array of microcracks was formed that reduced significantly the strength and electrical conductivity of the material.
{"title":"Influence of treatment temperature on microstructure and properties of Nickel-Zirconia anode materials for fuel cells","authors":"B. Vasyliv","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324590","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclic treatment technique (redox cycling) comprising stages of material exposition in reducing and oxidizing high temperature environments and intermediate degassing between these stages has been developed to improve the structural integrity of YSZ-NiO ceramic anode substrates for solid oxide fuel cells. Series of specimens were singly reduced in hydrogenous environment (the Ar-5 vol.%H2 mixture or hydrogen of 99.99 vol.%H2 purity) under the pressure of 0.15 MPa or subjected to redox cycling at 600 or 800°C. The influence of redox cycling at the treatment temperatures of 600 and 800°C on the structure, strength and electrical conductivity of the material has been analyzed. Using the treatment temperature 600°C the structure providing improved physical and mechanical properties of the material was formed. However, at the treatment temperature 800°C the anode structure with the array of microcracks was formed that reduced significantly the strength and electrical conductivity of the material.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-12DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324596
A. Eldessouky, H. Gabbar
This paper presents Microgrid (MG) optimization using Genetic Algorithm. The MG model is based on renewable energy sources (wind turbine) and gas generator. The algorithm objective is determine the optimal size of combined wind and gas generator to satisfy a given Key Performance Indices (KPIs). The selected KPIs describe both dynamic and static performance of MG. The KPIs describing the dynamic performance includes Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and power factor (PF) in presence of disturbance and load variation. The static KPIs includes power shortage, initial cost, running cost and CO2 emission. The two KPIs groups (dynamic and static) have different time frame. The dynamic KPIs are examined by applying load disturbance to MG and observe its effect over few seconds (according to MG average time constant). The static KPIs are examined by applying load and power generation profiles during one full year period. Hence, it is not feasible to combine both static and dynamic simulation using one model. Accordingly, to allow one optimization process based on static and dynamic KPIs, two simulation models have been created with two separate simulation environments. The static simulation uses simplified efficiency model of the power components presented in MG and the system is subjected to load and wind profiles to evaluate the static KPIs. The dynamic simulation uses detailed dynamic model with load disturbance. The optimization process utilizes a single fitness function which combines the dynamic and static PKIs with weighting factors. Results of optimization are presented and the KPIs of the optimized MG is provided.
{"title":"Micro grid renewables dynamic and static performance optimization using genetic algorithm","authors":"A. Eldessouky, H. Gabbar","doi":"10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324596","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents Microgrid (MG) optimization using Genetic Algorithm. The MG model is based on renewable energy sources (wind turbine) and gas generator. The algorithm objective is determine the optimal size of combined wind and gas generator to satisfy a given Key Performance Indices (KPIs). The selected KPIs describe both dynamic and static performance of MG. The KPIs describing the dynamic performance includes Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and power factor (PF) in presence of disturbance and load variation. The static KPIs includes power shortage, initial cost, running cost and CO2 emission. The two KPIs groups (dynamic and static) have different time frame. The dynamic KPIs are examined by applying load disturbance to MG and observe its effect over few seconds (according to MG average time constant). The static KPIs are examined by applying load and power generation profiles during one full year period. Hence, it is not feasible to combine both static and dynamic simulation using one model. Accordingly, to allow one optimization process based on static and dynamic KPIs, two simulation models have been created with two separate simulation environments. The static simulation uses simplified efficiency model of the power components presented in MG and the system is subjected to load and wind profiles to evaluate the static KPIs. The dynamic simulation uses detailed dynamic model with load disturbance. The optimization process utilizes a single fitness function which combines the dynamic and static PKIs with weighting factors. Results of optimization are presented and the KPIs of the optimized MG is provided.","PeriodicalId":409488,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125447662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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