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2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)最新文献

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Design optimization model for the United Arab Emirates power sector under uncertainty 不确定条件下阿联酋电力部门设计优化模型
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324584
Alberto Betancourt-Torcat, A. Almansoori
A mixed integer linear programming model for the optimal design of the United Arab Emirates power infrastructure under uncertainty is presented. The optimization objective is the minimization of the power generation costs in the UAE under techno-economic and environmental constraints. Uncertainty is considered in the carbon tax price and social benefits associated with the avoidance of air emissions. The optimization problem was formulated in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS®). The novelty of the present work consists of determining the most suitable combination of power generation plants under uncertainty. This work also considers the introduction of alternative energy sources such as nuclear and renewables into the country's power fleet. Two case studies are solved to demonstrate the usefulness of the devised approach.
提出了一种用于不确定条件下阿联酋电力基础设施优化设计的混合整数线性规划模型。优化目标是在技术经济和环境约束下使阿联酋的发电成本最小化。不确定性被考虑在碳税价格和与避免空气排放相关的社会效益中。优化问题是在通用代数建模系统(GAMS®)中制定的。本文工作的新颖之处在于在不确定条件下确定最合适的发电机组组合。这项工作还考虑将替代能源(如核能和可再生能源)引入该国的电力系统。解决了两个案例研究,以证明所设计的方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal planned scheduling of distributed generators in microgrids 微电网分布式发电机最优计划调度
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324620
A. Zidan, H. Gabbar
In this paper, optimization scheme for microgrids is presented. In microgrids, the operational cost and greenhouse gas emissions are mainly depend on types and sizes of distributed generators (DGs) used. This paper aims to reduce the operational cost and the greenhouse gas emissions through evaluating the optimal output of each DG type. DGs operate within their respective capacity limits while satisfying the local energy demand (both electrical and thermal). The multi-objective optimization compromises between the operational cost and the emissions. The constraints include power and heat demands constraints, and DG capacity limits.
本文提出了微电网的优化方案。在微电网中,运行成本和温室气体排放主要取决于所使用的分布式发电机(dg)的类型和大小。本文的目的是通过对每种DG类型的最优产量进行评估,以降低运行成本和温室气体排放。发电厂在各自的容量限制内运作,同时满足当地的能源需求(包括电力和热能)。多目标优化在运行成本和排放之间进行折衷。这些限制包括功率和热量需求限制以及DG容量限制。
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引用次数: 1
Financial tools to manage dispatchable Distributed Generation economic risks 管理可调度分布式发电经济风险的金融工具
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324617
S. Karimi, A. Rajabi-Ghahnavieh, H. Azad
Distributed Generation (DG) has received increasing attention during the last decade. Advantage and constraints of DG application are well known to both DG owner and electric utility. Various technologies are available for DG units among them gas GenSet is, in particular, more attractive to the investors as the technology provides the control on DG generation. However, there are various financial risks associated with dispatchable DG units that prohibit wide private investment in such technologies. This paper examines the use of financial tools to manage dispatchable DG economic risks. A comprehensive framework has been proposed to consider various economic risks to DG owner. Suitable models have been used to incorporate risk management tools, in particular the financial tools, in the problem. Optimal use of risk management tools has been determined based on conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) approach. The proposed approach has been applied to a test case and the effectiveness of the solution has been verified.
分布式发电(DG)在过去十年中受到越来越多的关注。DG应用的优势和限制是DG业主和电力公司都知道的。DG机组有多种技术可供选择,其中燃气发电机组对投资者更具吸引力,因为该技术提供了对DG发电的控制。然而,与可调度DG单元相关的各种金融风险禁止对此类技术进行广泛的私人投资。本文探讨了使用金融工具来管理可调度的DG经济风险。提出了一个全面的框架,以考虑DG业主面临的各种经济风险。已使用适当的模型将风险管理工具,特别是金融工具纳入问题。基于条件风险值(CVaR)方法确定了风险管理工具的最佳使用。该方法已应用于一个测试用例,并验证了解决方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Micro Grid stability enhancement using SVC with fuzzy model reference learning controller algorithm 基于模糊模型参考学习控制器算法的SVC微电网稳定性增强
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324595
A. Eldessouky, H. Gabbar
Maintaining voltage level stability of islanded mode Micro Grids (MG) is a challenging objective due to the limited power flow between sources and loads. The objective of this work is to enhance the dynamic performance of islanded mode Micro grid in the presence of load disturbance using static VAR compensator (SVC). The contribution of this work is the implementation of PI fuzzy model reference learning controller (FMRLC) to SVC control loop. The control algorithm compensates for nonlinearity possessed by MG where fuzzy membership functions and implication imbedded in both controller and inverse model that achieve better presentation of both uncertainty and nonlinearity of the power system dynamics. Hence, MG keeps desired performance as required irrespective of the operating condition. In addition, learning capabilities of the proposed control algorithm compensates for grid parameter variation even with inadequate information about mathematical presentation of load dynamics. The reference model was designed to reject bus voltage disturbance, created by load and wind variation, with achievable desired performance. Accordingly, SVC with fuzzy controller was able to reject bus voltage disturbance by matching closely the reference model performance. Simulations were carried out to study the steady-state and transient performance of MG in islanded mode. The MG is composed of a PV bus supplied by wind turbine and induction generator, a PQ bus connected to nonlinear dynamic load and linear load, a single distribution line connecting the two buses, and SVC. The proposed control algorithm robustness was tested by providing load disturbance in different operating conditions and observing the system dynamic performance. The performance of the proposed controller is compared to a conventional PID controller using overshoot, transient oscillation, Integral-of-Time Multiplied Absolute Error (ITMAE), and integral square error (ISE) as performance parameters. Both ITMAE and ISE values for the proposed controller were much less than conventional PID controller. In addition, for the proposed controller, ITMAE values sustained stable increase while PID controller ITMAE values increased exponentially. These results indicates the progress achieved by proposed controller to enhance disturbance rejection with time due to learning process.
由于电源和负载之间的电流有限,维持孤岛微电网的电压水平稳定性是一个具有挑战性的目标。本文的目的是利用静态无功补偿器(SVC)增强孤岛微电网在负载扰动下的动态性能。本文的贡献在于将PI模糊模型参考学习控制器(FMRLC)应用于SVC控制回路。该控制算法通过在控制器和逆模型中同时嵌入模糊隶属函数和隐含关系来补偿MG所具有的非线性,从而更好地体现了电力系统动力学的不确定性和非线性。因此,无论操作条件如何,MG都能保持所需的性能。此外,所提出的控制算法的学习能力可以补偿电网参数的变化,即使在负载动力学的数学表示信息不足的情况下。参考模型被设计用来抑制由负载和风变化产生的母线电压干扰,并达到预期的性能。因此,基于模糊控制器的SVC能够通过与参考模型性能的紧密匹配来抑制母线电压扰动。通过仿真研究了孤岛模式下MG的稳态和瞬态性能。MG由风电机组和感应发电机供电的PV母线、连接非线性动态负荷和线性负荷的PQ母线、连接两母线的单配线和SVC组成。通过在不同工况下提供负载扰动和观察系统动态性能,验证了所提控制算法的鲁棒性。采用超调、瞬态振荡、积分乘绝对误差(ITMAE)和积分平方误差(ISE)作为性能参数,将所提出的控制器的性能与传统PID控制器进行比较。所提控制器的ITMAE和ISE值都比传统PID控制器小得多。此外,对于所提出的控制器,ITMAE值持续稳定增长,而PID控制器ITMAE值呈指数增长。这些结果表明,由于学习过程,所提出的控制器在增强抗扰性方面取得了进展。
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引用次数: 4
Minimization of energy usage and cost for EV during reactive power service 使电动汽车在无功运行期间的能耗和成本最小化
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324626
M. N. Mojdehi, P. Ghosh
Electric Vehicle (EV) becoming a promising reactive power service provider because of its short response time with no battery degradation during this service. Also EV would allow efficient adjustment of power flows in response to frequent changes in loads. In this paper we present a novel structure to evaluate the reactive power service potential of EVs. We formulate a linear program to minimize the operating cost of an EV that includes the battery degradation cost, under a range of practical constraints. These constraints include owner's desired state of charges and limitation in the current ripple from the DC-link capacitor of the EV charger. The developed optimization framework yields EV's optimal charging/discharging and reactive power service (injection/absorption) schedules. We also introduce an algorithm capable of determining the estimated compensation for the EV owner under different market structure and when real time events force the DSO to ask for more reactive power than pre-scheduled amount.
电动汽车因其响应时间短,且在服务过程中不会出现电池劣化现象,成为无功服务的发展方向。此外,电动汽车将允许有效地调整功率流,以响应负载的频繁变化。本文提出了一种评估电动汽车无功服务潜力的新结构。在一系列实际约束条件下,我们制定了一个线性程序,以最小化包括电池退化成本在内的电动汽车的运行成本。这些约束包括车主期望的充电状态和电动汽车充电器直流电容的电流纹波限制。所开发的优化框架产生了电动汽车的最佳充电/放电和无功服务(注入/吸收)时间表。我们还介绍了一种算法,该算法能够确定在不同市场结构下电动汽车所有者的估计补偿,以及实时事件迫使DSO要求比预定量更多的无功功率。
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引用次数: 1
Performance of smart maximum power point tracker under partial shading conditions of PV systems 光伏系统部分遮阳条件下智能最大功率跟踪器的性能研究
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324622
A. Eltamaly
Partial shading on PV modules reduces the generated power of the PV system than the maximum power generated from each module separately. The shaded PV module acts as a load to unshaded ones which can lead to hot-spot. To alleviate the effect of partial shading, bypass diodes should be connected across each PV modules. Connecting several PV modules together produces multiple peaks (One global peak (GP) and multiple local peaks (LP)) on partial shading conditions. Maximum power point tracker (MPPT) conventional techniques are designed to follow the GP but they stuck around LPs such as fuzzy logic controller (FLC). In this paper, modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) using genetic algorism has been used to follow the GP under any operating conditions. MPSO has been studied and compared with FLC technique to show the superiority of this technique under all operating conditions. Co-simulation between Matlab/Simulink and PSIM has been used to model the PV system under partial shading conditions. The simulation results show that the MPSO technique is more effective than FLC in following the GP. The generated power increases considerably with MPSO than FLC technique in shading conditions.
光伏组件上的部分遮阳减少了光伏系统的发电功率,而不是每个组件单独产生的最大功率。遮阳的光伏组件对未遮阳的光伏组件起负载作用,这可能导致热点。为了减轻部分遮阳的影响,应该在每个光伏模块之间连接旁路二极管。将几个光伏模块连接在一起,在部分遮阳条件下产生多个峰值(一个全局峰值(GP)和多个局部峰值(LP))。最大功率点跟踪器(MPPT)传统技术的设计遵循GP,但他们停留在lp,如模糊逻辑控制器(FLC)。本文利用遗传算法的改进粒子群算法(MPSO)对任意工况下的GP进行跟踪。对MPSO技术进行了研究,并与FLC技术进行了比较,证明了该技术在各种工况下的优越性。利用Matlab/Simulink与PSIM的联合仿真,对部分遮阳条件下的光伏系统进行了建模。仿真结果表明,MPSO技术比FLC技术更有效地跟踪GP。在遮阳条件下,MPSO技术比FLC技术产生的功率显著增加。
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引用次数: 14
Security issues in smart metering systems 智能计量系统中的安全问题
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324615
O. Ur-Rehman, N. Zivic, C. Ruland
Intelligent buildings are not imaginable anymore without smart metering devices. Smart metering systems are used not only for the provisioning of instantaneous metering information on commodities, such as electricity, water and gas, to the service providers but also to make this information available to customers. This helps the customers in dynamically adapting their energy consumption behavior. The smart metering devices also help in balancing the power generation and distribution in a smart grid by tailoring the power generation according to the demand. However, the liberalization of the metering market requires few strong security and privacy requirements for the metering data. Smart metering raises many security and privacy concerns. There are worries that the personal information of consumers could be disclosed. There are also concerns about frauds exploiting security vulnerabilities in smart metering systems on a large scale, e.g., making smart meters provide false metering data to the service providers. From a macro perspective, the smart grids, including the smart metering systems and devices can be attacked to bring down the whole grid or at least some parts of the grid, which is a concern of national security. This paper focuses on the security and privacy aspects of the smart metering systems. Potential attackers, security threats and attacks on smart metering systems are listed and the security approaches to address the security issues are presented. A security by design approach for secure smart metering is discussed in the paper. The major results of a security by design approach for smart metering systems developed in the project, entitled “Trusted Computing Engineering for Resource Constraint Embedded Systems Applications”, funded by the European commission, are summarized in the end.
如果没有智能计量设备,智能建筑是无法想象的。智能计量系统不仅用于向服务供应商提供电力、水和煤气等商品的即时计量信息,而且还用于向客户提供这些信息。这有助于客户动态调整他们的能源消耗行为。智能计量设备还可以根据需求调整发电量,从而帮助平衡智能电网中的发电和配电。然而,计量市场的自由化对计量数据的安全性和隐私性要求并不高。智能电表引发了许多安全和隐私问题。有人担心消费者的个人信息会被泄露。人们还担心大规模利用智能计量系统安全漏洞的欺诈行为,例如,使智能电表向服务提供商提供虚假的计量数据。从宏观上看,智能电网,包括智能计量系统和设备,可能会受到攻击,导致整个电网或至少部分电网瘫痪,这是一个国家安全问题。本文主要研究智能计量系统的安全和隐私问题。本文列出了智能计量系统的潜在攻击者、安全威胁和攻击,并提出了解决安全问题的安全方法。本文讨论了一种安全智能计量的安全设计方法。最后总结了由欧盟委员会资助的“资源约束嵌入式系统应用的可信计算工程”项目中开发的智能计量系统安全设计方法的主要结果。
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引用次数: 20
Energy management and renewable energy integration in smart grid system 智能电网系统中的能源管理与可再生能源集成
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324621
M. A. Mohamed, A. Eltamaly, Hassan M. H. Farh, A. Alolah
Smart grid is a concept by which the existing electrical grid infrastructure is being upgraded with integration of multiple technologies such as, two-way power flow, two-way communication, automated sensors, advanced automated controls and forecasting system. Smart grid enables interaction between the consumer and utility which allow the optimal usage of energy based on environmental, price preferences and system technical issues. This enables the grid to be more reliable, efficient and secure, while reducing greenhouse gases. This paper presents a survey of the recent literature on integrating renewable energy sources into smart grid system. Various management objectives, such as improving energy efficiency, maximizing utilization, reducing cost, and controlling emission have been explored.
智能电网是通过集成双向潮流、双向通信、自动化传感器、先进的自动化控制和预测系统等多种技术,对现有电网基础设施进行升级的概念。智能电网使消费者和公用事业之间的互动能够基于环境、价格偏好和系统技术问题实现能源的最佳使用。这使得电网更加可靠、高效和安全,同时减少温室气体排放。本文综述了近年来关于将可再生能源纳入智能电网系统的文献。各种管理目标,如提高能源效率,最大限度地利用,降低成本,控制排放进行了探索。
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引用次数: 41
Real-time analysis of voltage and current in low-voltage grid due to electric vehicles' charging 电动汽车充电低压电网电压电流实时分析
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324607
Kiyan Elyasibakhtiari, M. Azzouz, Elham Akhavan Rezai, E. El-Saadany
PEVs are going to heavily load future residential distribution grids, specifically; slow chargers are more expected in domestic areas. This paper presents the real-time simulation analysis of the unbalance issues associated with charging and discharging of the single-phase PEVs. Simulations are performed using a real-time simulator and PEV battery specifications that are available in market. The results of the case study indicate how single-phase charging of those PEVs could cause significant phase imbalance.
特别是,pev将给未来的住宅配电网带来沉重的负荷;慢速充电器预计将更多地用于国内地区。本文对单相电动汽车充放电过程中的不平衡问题进行了实时仿真分析。仿真使用实时模拟器和市场上可获得的PEV电池规格进行。实例研究结果表明,这些电动汽车的单相充电会导致显著的相位不平衡。
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引用次数: 3
Improvement of power quality in distribution network using a novel DSTATCOM device 一种新型DSTATCOM设备在配电网电能质量改善中的应用
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324580
A. Abdelsalam, A. Sharaf
This paper proposes a novel custom power device based on distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) with PID controller driven by the unified error signal (UES) from a multi loop dynamic error controller scheme. Both DSTATCOM and UES are modified to meet the requirements for voltage stabilization, voltage waveform disturbance compensation and power factor improvement. A complete simulation model of the proposed system is developed in Matlab/Simulink Environment. The system is simulated with different control strategies under different operating conditions for comparison. The controllers and the control strategies are developed to have the novel DSTATCOM be operated for voltage stabilization, power factor improvement, energy losses reduction, power quality, and less harmonics distortion. The operational characteristics of a power system, supplying electrical power to hybrid loads consisting of linear and nonlinear and motorized loads, are investigated for better performance and higher power quality employing the proposed DSTATCOM and UES driven controllers.
本文提出了一种基于分布式静态补偿器(DSTATCOM)的新型自定义功率装置,该装置采用PID控制器,由多环动态误差控制方案的统一误差信号(UES)驱动。对DSTATCOM和UES进行了改进,以满足电压稳定、电压波形干扰补偿和功率因数改善的要求。在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了系统的完整仿真模型。在不同工况下采用不同控制策略对系统进行仿真比较。开发了控制器和控制策略,使新型DSTATCOM能够稳定电压,改善功率因数,降低能量损耗,提高电能质量,减少谐波失真。采用DSTATCOM和UES驱动控制器,研究了电力系统的运行特性,为由线性、非线性和电动负载组成的混合负载供电,以获得更好的性能和更高的电能质量。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)
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