Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.115
Jae-Yin Kim
Deleuze and Guattari’s first co-authored work was a 1970 paper called “Disjunctive Synthesis”. It is said to be an abridged version of their forthcoming ‘Capitalism and Schizophrenia’, referring to Pierre Klossowski’s recent work. This paper is a draft of the rationale for Anti-Oedipus. Interestingly, however, there are no studies that address the relationship between the “Disjunctive Synthesis” and Anti-Oedipus. “Disjunctive Synthesis” is very helpful in that it unravels and clarifies the ambiguity of Anti-Oedipus. Furthermore, the paper shows Deleuze and Guattari’s initial problem with Anti-Oedipus, concerning the unconscious. In particular, the rupture that separates Anti-Oedipus from The Logic of Sense is identified. I have followed the “Disjunctive synthesis” in order to clarify the problem that the paper is trying to solve, and to show the points that correspond to the “paths” and “bridges” of how this problem develops later in Anti-Oedipus. I have particularly focused on elucidating the inclusive, illimitative, and affirmative usages of the “disjunctive synthesis” in the synthesis of the unconscious.
{"title":"Theory of ‘Disjunctive Synthesis’ of Deleuze and Guattari","authors":"Jae-Yin Kim","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.115","url":null,"abstract":"Deleuze and Guattari’s first co-authored work was a 1970 paper called “Disjunctive Synthesis”. It is said to be an abridged version of their forthcoming ‘Capitalism and Schizophrenia’, referring to Pierre Klossowski’s recent work. This paper is a draft of the rationale for Anti-Oedipus. Interestingly, however, there are no studies that address the relationship between the “Disjunctive Synthesis” and Anti-Oedipus. “Disjunctive Synthesis” is very helpful in that it unravels and clarifies the ambiguity of Anti-Oedipus. Furthermore, the paper shows Deleuze and Guattari’s initial problem with Anti-Oedipus, concerning the unconscious. In particular, the rupture that separates Anti-Oedipus from The Logic of Sense is identified. I have followed the “Disjunctive synthesis” in order to clarify the problem that the paper is trying to solve, and to show the points that correspond to the “paths” and “bridges” of how this problem develops later in Anti-Oedipus. I have particularly focused on elucidating the inclusive, illimitative, and affirmative usages of the “disjunctive synthesis” in the synthesis of the unconscious.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115873598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.297
H. Cho
This essay aims to explicate the psychological loss in the post-pandemic era in terms of Judith Butler’s melancholia, mourning, and mania. Melancholia is explained in Gender Trouble (1990) as a mechanism in which the abandoned love object constructs a gendered ego of a subject. Later, in The Psychic Life of Power (1997), it is discussed as a social phenomenon of public anger and public resistance to emphasize the performativity of rage and militancy in queer rallies and die in demonstrations against denied public mourning. Since her ethical turn in Undoing Gender (2004) and Precarious Life (2004), Butler focuses more on ‘grievability’ as the equal recognition of loss to resist inequalities in public mourning, as prohibited mourning by dominant prohibitions leads to social and cultural melancholia. The Power of Nonviolence (2020) pays particular attention to mania and critical faculty as the protest against destructive actions directed the world and the self. The equal livability of life and the equal grievability of loss based on radical egalitarianism is a possibility of non-violent political struggle to resist social inequality, through public mourning and solidarity in mania, going towards a universal sensibility for a livable life against violence.
本文旨在通过朱迪思·巴特勒的忧郁症、哀痛和狂躁来阐释大流行后时代的心理缺失。在《性别烦恼》(1990)中，忧郁症被解释为一种机制，在这种机制中，被抛弃的爱情客体构建了主体的性别化自我。后来，在《权力的精神生活》(The Psychic Life of Power, 1997)中，将其作为一种公众愤怒和公众反抗的社会现象来讨论，强调在酷儿集会中愤怒和战斗的表现，以及在反对被拒绝的公众哀悼的示威中死亡。自从她在《撤销性别》(2004)和《不稳定的生活》(2004)中转向伦理，巴特勒更多地关注“悲情”，作为对损失的平等承认，以抵制公共哀悼中的不平等，因为主流禁令禁止的哀悼导致社会和文化的忧郁症。非暴力的力量(2020)特别关注狂热和批判能力，作为对世界和自我的破坏性行为的抗议。以激进的平均主义为基础的生命的平等宜居性和损失的平等悲痛性，是一种非暴力政治斗争抵抗社会不平等的可能性，通过公众哀悼和狂热中的团结，走向一种反对暴力的宜居生活的普遍敏感性。
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Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.141
Hyejin Kim
This study focuses on the dual narrative structure of Toni Morrison’s Love. While the narrative unfolds the characters’ internal monologues and omnipotent voice through a third-person perspective, it is framed by the spectral voice of the first-person narrator, L. L’s subtle, humming voice interjects into the main narrative, providing analytical insights into events and characters. Her sensory, fragmented narration is intimately tied to Julia Kristeva’s concept of “herethics”—a transgressive ethics of love rooted in maternal relationships that embraces self/other ambiguity and challenges hierarchical patriarchal order. L manipulates Cosey’s will and weaves characters’ stories into a therapeutic quilt, thereby revealing patriarchal narrative, maintained through female hostility, while also creating a space for the reconciliation of the shattered relationship between Heed and Christine, potentially extended to Junior and the readers. This study elucidates how L’s narration challenges patriarchal language, disrupts social hierarchies, and extends a hand of invitation to others into an intersubjective relationship grounded in the heretic ethics of love.
{"title":"The Ethics of Love in Toni Morrison’s Love","authors":"Hyejin Kim","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.141","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the dual narrative structure of Toni Morrison’s Love. While the narrative unfolds the characters’ internal monologues and omnipotent voice through a third-person perspective, it is framed by the spectral voice of the first-person narrator, L. L’s subtle, humming voice interjects into the main narrative, providing analytical insights into events and characters. Her sensory, fragmented narration is intimately tied to Julia Kristeva’s concept of “herethics”—a transgressive ethics of love rooted in maternal relationships that embraces self/other ambiguity and challenges hierarchical patriarchal order. L manipulates Cosey’s will and weaves characters’ stories into a therapeutic quilt, thereby revealing patriarchal narrative, maintained through female hostility, while also creating a space for the reconciliation of the shattered relationship between Heed and Christine, potentially extended to Junior and the readers. This study elucidates how L’s narration challenges patriarchal language, disrupts social hierarchies, and extends a hand of invitation to others into an intersubjective relationship grounded in the heretic ethics of love.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133944958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.193
Seokwon Yang
Recent scholarly attention to the affinity of neuroscience and Pierre Janet’s psychology has led to his reassessment as a precursor of neuroscientific trauma studies. This essay examines Janet’s trauma theory in the context of this reappraisal of his psychology in the age of neuroscience. Janet’s resurgence is primarily due to the fact that he constructed his psychological system on his keen observations of the inseparable connection and dynamic interaction between the mind and the body. Janet’s observation of hysterical patients’ unconscious automatic activities enables an understanding of human activity as a psychological phenomenon, leading him to the discovery of the subconscious which is dissociated from the normal consciousness and holds fixed ideas that cause symptoms of involuntary movement and paralysis. Dissociation results from the narrowing of consciousness and its failure to integrate perceptions. Traumatic events, together with heredity factors, induce the retraction of consciousness, precipitating the mind’s lower function such as psychological automatism, and impairing its higher function of integration. Janet’s theory of psychological healing aims to reintegrate dissociated consciousness by finding and liquidating fixed ideas through suggestion, but it also substitutes those ideas for positive re-conceptualization of traumatic events and even dismantling and excising traumatic memories. Unable to assimilate traumatic events into the narrative of his life history, the patient repeatedly and unwittingly re-enacts them. Accordingly, healing involves “presentification” which empowers the patient to narrate traumatic events as past accidents from the vantage point of the present. Adaptation is accomplished by economically assessing the level of patient’s mental energy, which has been depleted by trauma, and promoting diverse methods to prevent further exhaustion and reinvest psychological “force” into higher “tendencies” of the mind. Janet also proposes the therapist’s “moral guidance” that balances the therapist’s active intervention and his support of the patient’s psychological independence, which reminds neuroscientific traumatologists of the importance of the subject’s agency and human interaction in the healing process.
{"title":"The Dynamic Psychology of Mental Energy: Rediscovering Pierre Janet’s Trauma Theory","authors":"Seokwon Yang","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.193","url":null,"abstract":"Recent scholarly attention to the affinity of neuroscience and Pierre Janet’s psychology has led to his reassessment as a precursor of neuroscientific trauma studies. This essay examines Janet’s trauma theory in the context of this reappraisal of his psychology in the age of neuroscience. Janet’s resurgence is primarily due to the fact that he constructed his psychological system on his keen observations of the inseparable connection and dynamic interaction between the mind and the body. Janet’s observation of hysterical patients’ unconscious automatic activities enables an understanding of human activity as a psychological phenomenon, leading him to the discovery of the subconscious which is dissociated from the normal consciousness and holds fixed ideas that cause symptoms of involuntary movement and paralysis. Dissociation results from the narrowing of consciousness and its failure to integrate perceptions. Traumatic events, together with heredity factors, induce the retraction of consciousness, precipitating the mind’s lower function such as psychological automatism, and impairing its higher function of integration. \u0000Janet’s theory of psychological healing aims to reintegrate dissociated consciousness by finding and liquidating fixed ideas through suggestion, but it also substitutes those ideas for positive re-conceptualization of traumatic events and even dismantling and excising traumatic memories. Unable to assimilate traumatic events into the narrative of his life history, the patient repeatedly and unwittingly re-enacts them. Accordingly, healing involves “presentification” which empowers the patient to narrate traumatic events as past accidents from the vantage point of the present. Adaptation is accomplished by economically assessing the level of patient’s mental energy, which has been depleted by trauma, and promoting diverse methods to prevent further exhaustion and reinvest psychological “force” into higher “tendencies” of the mind. Janet also proposes the therapist’s “moral guidance” that balances the therapist’s active intervention and his support of the patient’s psychological independence, which reminds neuroscientific traumatologists of the importance of the subject’s agency and human interaction in the healing process.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"28 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114050876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.95
Minwoo Yoon
For Hans Christian Andersen the red shoes syndrome indicates the supposedly feminine vanity and pride; contemporary feminist writers unveil the womanly innate desire for artistic behavior represented by the syndrome. But since this feminine desire had been a taboo, they had to interiorize it, but were not able to completely dampen it, hence often-times their desperate attempt to satisfy it, coupled with death instinct. This essay explores the red shoes syndrome in the works of Anne Sexton, Kathryn Davis, and Yideum Kim (a contemporary Korean poetess), as well as Alice Walker and a couple of others, with the special intention to demonstrate the shared desire among women a generation after another. As was already shown in “The Red Shoes” by Andersen, the shoe cannot be detached from human body and won’t stop dancing even after being separated. In the final analysis, this paper argues that the undying shoe is a zombie, which has only one-dimensional principle of behavior just like an object or a machine thus programmed. A zombie is, in this regard, an object the way that the red shoes are. In turn, the unremovable red shoes from the feet can be equivalent to a certain non-organic part of female body. Human body already has lots of non-organic ingredients in it, which are, of course, objects. The object of the red shoe, the non-organic bodily part, generates the affect of artistic satisfaction in our (especially, women’s) body.
{"title":"Bondage of the Red Shoes and Its Feminist Reinterpretation: Anne Sexton, Kathryn Davis, Yideum Kim","authors":"Minwoo Yoon","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.95","url":null,"abstract":"For Hans Christian Andersen the red shoes syndrome indicates the supposedly feminine vanity and pride; contemporary feminist writers unveil the womanly innate desire for artistic behavior represented by the syndrome. But since this feminine desire had been a taboo, they had to interiorize it, but were not able to completely dampen it, hence often-times their desperate attempt to satisfy it, coupled with death instinct. This essay explores the red shoes syndrome in the works of Anne Sexton, Kathryn Davis, and Yideum Kim (a contemporary Korean poetess), as well as Alice Walker and a couple of others, with the special intention to demonstrate the shared desire among women a generation after another. As was already shown in “The Red Shoes” by Andersen, the shoe cannot be detached from human body and won’t stop dancing even after being separated. In the final analysis, this paper argues that the undying shoe is a zombie, which has only one-dimensional principle of behavior just like an object or a machine thus programmed. A zombie is, in this regard, an object the way that the red shoes are. In turn, the unremovable red shoes from the feet can be equivalent to a certain non-organic part of female body. Human body already has lots of non-organic ingredients in it, which are, of course, objects. The object of the red shoe, the non-organic bodily part, generates the affect of artistic satisfaction in our (especially, women’s) body.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122839442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.373
Il-Seon Sohn
This essay aims for a better understanding of bullying by analyzing two Young Adult novels, S. E. Hinton’s The Outsiders (1967) and Robert Cormier’s The Chocolate War (1974). They are two ground-breaking writers of YA literature for their uncompromising depiction of young people’s vulnerabilities to violence. In particular, bullying in and outside of school is receiving increasing academic attention and media coverage in recent years. The youth began to establish a distinct culture in the mid-twentieth century, and their autonomous attitude and tendency to resist the status quo were perceived as positive influences; however, hyper-competition and intensifying social inequalities aggravated adolescent violence. Nevertheless, traditional understandings of bullying saw it as a few students’ deviations or a harmful yet inevitable phenomenon intrinsic to adolescence. While borrowing theories from historical and sociological studies, this essay explores more nuanced and complex workings of bullying in literary works. This essay shows that bullying is differentiated from impulsive student conflicts as it is a structured and stable process in which adolescents seek a sense of belonging and identity. Bullying allows them to practice the imbalance of power, the implementation of hierarchy and exclusion, and the social acceptability of dangerous behaviors.
{"title":"청소년문학 속 집단 괴롭힘: S. E. 힌튼의 『소외자들』과 로버트 코미어의 『초콜릿 전쟁』을 중심으로","authors":"Il-Seon Sohn","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.373","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims for a better understanding of bullying by analyzing two Young Adult novels, S. E. Hinton’s The Outsiders (1967) and Robert Cormier’s The Chocolate War (1974). They are two ground-breaking writers of YA literature for their uncompromising depiction of young people’s vulnerabilities to violence. In particular, bullying in and outside of school is receiving increasing academic attention and media coverage in recent years. The youth began to establish a distinct culture in the mid-twentieth century, and their autonomous attitude and tendency to resist the status quo were perceived as positive influences; however, hyper-competition and intensifying social inequalities aggravated adolescent violence. Nevertheless, traditional understandings of bullying saw it as a few students’ deviations or a harmful yet inevitable phenomenon intrinsic to adolescence. While borrowing theories from historical and sociological studies, this essay explores more nuanced and complex workings of bullying in literary works. This essay shows that bullying is differentiated from impulsive student conflicts as it is a structured and stable process in which adolescents seek a sense of belonging and identity. Bullying allows them to practice the imbalance of power, the implementation of hierarchy and exclusion, and the social acceptability of dangerous behaviors.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127412368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.213
hye-soo Lee
I examine how Gilles Deleuze’s discussion of “learning” is predicated on Spinoza’s “common notion,” and how Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, a representative classical Bildungsroman in Britain, also works as a narrative of “Spinozist-Deleuzian learning.” Deviating from Lukacs’s definition of Bildungsroman as the maturation of “a problematic individual” and his/her “reconciliation” with the society, narratives of Spinozist-Deleuzian learning remind us of the importance of learning (apprenticeship) as an indispensable part of our lives even in the 21st century. Spinoza’s Ethics presents learning or apprenticeship as a crucial facet of his ethical project of active liberty where common notion as “a strange harmony of reason and imagination” plays a decisive role. Deleuze’s account of “learning” reformulates the differences between Spinozist common notion and Cartesian concept of truth (i.e. correspondence of an object with the mind’s representation of it) into the distinction of “learning” and “knowledge.” Simply put, while learning is a problem or a problematic field, knowledge is a solution; they are as distant as possible in nature. Pride and Prejudice exemplifies a process of learning in Spinozist-Deleuzian sense where Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy encounter to realize passive affects like pride as the core part of their selves and proceed to joy and affirmation through the formation of common notions. Furthermore, Austen’s novel evidences that the novel reader’s forrmation of common notions with characters and also with the narrator through sympathy and distancing is the mechanism of novel reading more pivotal than identification or sympathy. The novel is a singular space where imagination as the necessary condition of human knowledge is unfolded as well as what Spinoza calls the virtue (eminence) of the mind, i.e. the mind’s meta-power of being aware that it imagines as it imagines.
{"title":"Spinozist-Deleuzian Learning and the Narrative of Apprenticeship: Pride and Prejudice","authors":"hye-soo Lee","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.213","url":null,"abstract":"I examine how Gilles Deleuze’s discussion of “learning” is predicated on Spinoza’s “common notion,” and how Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, a representative classical Bildungsroman in Britain, also works as a narrative of “Spinozist-Deleuzian learning.” Deviating from Lukacs’s definition of Bildungsroman as the maturation of “a problematic individual” and his/her “reconciliation” with the society, narratives of Spinozist-Deleuzian learning remind us of the importance of learning (apprenticeship) as an indispensable part of our lives even in the 21st century. Spinoza’s Ethics presents learning or apprenticeship as a crucial facet of his ethical project of active liberty where common notion as “a strange harmony of reason and imagination” plays a decisive role. Deleuze’s account of “learning” reformulates the differences between Spinozist common notion and Cartesian concept of truth (i.e. correspondence of an object with the mind’s representation of it) into the distinction of “learning” and “knowledge.” Simply put, while learning is a problem or a problematic field, knowledge is a solution; they are as distant as possible in nature. Pride and Prejudice exemplifies a process of learning in Spinozist-Deleuzian sense where Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy encounter to realize passive affects like pride as the core part of their selves and proceed to joy and affirmation through the formation of common notions. Furthermore, Austen’s novel evidences that the novel reader’s forrmation of common notions with characters and also with the narrator through sympathy and distancing is the mechanism of novel reading more pivotal than identification or sympathy. The novel is a singular space where imagination as the necessary condition of human knowledge is unfolded as well as what Spinoza calls the virtue (eminence) of the mind, i.e. the mind’s meta-power of being aware that it imagines as it imagines.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128212722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.241
Eun-joo Jung
Through The Story of Mari (2002), this paper intends to discuss the narrative characteristics in terms of rediscovering masterpieces that failed to hit the animation. With the domestic animation market centered on works from the United States and Japan, I would like to re-examine the aspect that this text was not loved by audiences in Korea and was evaluated as a lack of narrative even though it was recognized worldwide. This paper studies narrative characteristics centering on the narrative of time and space, focusing on the animation The Story of Mari as a research method to materialize this, the following two methods are applied in combination. First, based on Gerard Genette’s concept of time, which is the basis of narrative structure in movies and novels, the relational categories of order, duration, and frequency are discussed. Second, based on Seymour Chatman’s theory, it is analyzed through elements such as size, outline and texture, density, location, and color, which are spatial parameters that convey narrative. Third, through Lacan’s theory of ‘the imaginary, the symbolic, and the real’, the growth narrative of Namwoo is analyzed to show that this theory can appear as a method of narrative imagery. Through convergent reading of time and space, the sequential characteristics between story-time and discourse-time and Namwoo’s time are analyzed. The order of story-time and discourse-time creates plot time in a retrospective way. This is simply a narrative device to compose another plot by time modulation that is not made of an antecedent arrangement of past-present events. The narrative characteristics of duration and frequency and the fantastic space of memories are discussed. The fantasy world where Namwoo meets Mari is repeated overlapping, and the fantasy world continues to unfold in Namwoo’s gaze. A fantastic story with Marie, a surreal being, and the arrangement of space and time show their relationship well. In particular, the scene of re-entry into the world of fantasy shows the process of Namwoo’s inner division and at the same time, he finds the direction of his life. Finally, unlike previous studies, the significance of this paper is to analyze the narrative characteristics of the animation The Story of Mari based on time and spatial characteristics and to examine its meaning.
{"title":"A Study on Reexamination of The Story of Mari Based on Narrative Characteristics","authors":"Eun-joo Jung","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.241","url":null,"abstract":"Through The Story of Mari (2002), this paper intends to discuss the narrative characteristics in terms of rediscovering masterpieces that failed to hit the animation. With the domestic animation market centered on works from the United States and Japan, I would like to re-examine the aspect that this text was not loved by audiences in Korea and was evaluated as a lack of narrative even though it was recognized worldwide. This paper studies narrative characteristics centering on the narrative of time and space, focusing on the animation The Story of Mari as a research method to materialize this, the following two methods are applied in combination. First, based on Gerard Genette’s concept of time, which is the basis of narrative structure in movies and novels, the relational categories of order, duration, and frequency are discussed. Second, based on Seymour Chatman’s theory, it is analyzed through elements such as size, outline and texture, density, location, and color, which are spatial parameters that convey narrative. Third, through Lacan’s theory of ‘the imaginary, the symbolic, and the real’, the growth narrative of Namwoo is analyzed to show that this theory can appear as a method of narrative imagery. Through convergent reading of time and space, the sequential characteristics between story-time and discourse-time and Namwoo’s time are analyzed. The order of story-time and discourse-time creates plot time in a retrospective way. This is simply a narrative device to compose another plot by time modulation that is not made of an antecedent arrangement of past-present events. The narrative characteristics of duration and frequency and the fantastic space of memories are discussed. The fantasy world where Namwoo meets Mari is repeated overlapping, and the fantasy world continues to unfold in Namwoo’s gaze. A fantastic story with Marie, a surreal being, and the arrangement of space and time show their relationship well. In particular, the scene of re-entry into the world of fantasy shows the process of Namwoo’s inner division and at the same time, he finds the direction of his life. Finally, unlike previous studies, the significance of this paper is to analyze the narrative characteristics of the animation The Story of Mari based on time and spatial characteristics and to examine its meaning.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133232017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.133
Joewon Yoon
Optimism is cruel when it promises and yet does not deliver happiness. In the postwar proliferation of neoliberal economic order, the sense of crisis saturates everyday life and the bourgeois promise of a ‘good life’ is no longer attainable. Nevertheless, the fantasy of a ‘good life’ binds the subject to the life that exhausts him/her. The subject does not relinquish the attachment to that fantasy, for the sense of proximity engendered through that attachment serves to form a significant affective foundation for some form of sustainable everyday life. Such is the double bind of cruel optimism, which Lauren Berlant explores in her Cruel Optimism (2011). This essay explicates key notions and thoughts Lauren Berlant extends in Cruel Optimism and a few other works, and attempts to read some aspects of contemporary Korean society through Berlant’s thoughts as an hermeneutic tool. While critically testing and assessing Berlant’s work, this essay also turns to her multi-faceted understanding of “lateral agency” as a possible path for reinventing subjectivity and renegotiating citizenship. Ultimately, I suggest literature as a minoritarian site where a collective cultivation of lateral agency can take place for an affective counter-politics against the ongoing crisis and the double bind of cruel optimism.
{"title":"Crisis Ordinary, Lauren Berlant, and Counter-Politics","authors":"Joewon Yoon","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.133","url":null,"abstract":"Optimism is cruel when it promises and yet does not deliver happiness. In the postwar proliferation of neoliberal economic order, the sense of crisis saturates everyday life and the bourgeois promise of a ‘good life’ is no longer attainable. Nevertheless, the fantasy of a ‘good life’ binds the subject to the life that exhausts him/her. The subject does not relinquish the attachment to that fantasy, for the sense of proximity engendered through that attachment serves to form a significant affective foundation for some form of sustainable everyday life. Such is the double bind of cruel optimism, which Lauren Berlant explores in her Cruel Optimism (2011). This essay explicates key notions and thoughts Lauren Berlant extends in Cruel Optimism and a few other works, and attempts to read some aspects of contemporary Korean society through Berlant’s thoughts as an hermeneutic tool. While critically testing and assessing Berlant’s work, this essay also turns to her multi-faceted understanding of “lateral agency” as a possible path for reinventing subjectivity and renegotiating citizenship. Ultimately, I suggest literature as a minoritarian site where a collective cultivation of lateral agency can take place for an affective counter-politics against the ongoing crisis and the double bind of cruel optimism.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129204052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.67
Shinhyun Park
Material ecocriticism heeds matter as a text, and traces natural-cultural interactions by reading them as material narratives. According to this, all bodies are living texts that recount stories. All material bodies embody their memory of social and physical experiences, integrating their ongoing process of becoming. The intra-actions between human interpreter and material textuality are significant since material narratives are conveyed in nonlinguistic ways. This paper aims to explore how the narrative agency of matter and human creativity, intra-acting, coemerge in new levels of reality, that is, how the stories of matter and bodies are interpreted and translated with the intervention of human imagination, so that human and nonhuman, reality and text are creatively becoming together. In this narrative, the interpreter and the interpreted emerge together, in intra-action. This study demonstrates that translation is not simply epistemological practice but ontological performance which is part of the differential constitution of reality, and translation is the condition and task of all beings, although there is the untranslatable in the story of matter, referring to Ricoeur and Derrida. First, it examines how fossil collector Mary Anning discovers the fossil of an ichthyosaur, which, intra-acting with the interpretation of Anning and geologists, produces new meanings. Second, by reading Woolf’s “On Being Ill” and Mol’s The Body Multiple, it maintains that interpretation and translation are material-discursive medical practice and ontological performance which participate in bodily production, and the narratives of female bodies should be actively and carefully translated.
{"title":"The Narrative Agency of Female and Nonhuman Bodies: Interpretation and Translation of Material Textuality","authors":"Shinhyun Park","doi":"10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"Material ecocriticism heeds matter as a text, and traces natural-cultural interactions by reading them as material narratives. According to this, all bodies are living texts that recount stories. All material bodies embody their memory of social and physical experiences, integrating their ongoing process of becoming. The intra-actions between human interpreter and material textuality are significant since material narratives are conveyed in nonlinguistic ways. This paper aims to explore how the narrative agency of matter and human creativity, intra-acting, coemerge in new levels of reality, that is, how the stories of matter and bodies are interpreted and translated with the intervention of human imagination, so that human and nonhuman, reality and text are creatively becoming together. In this narrative, the interpreter and the interpreted emerge together, in intra-action. This study demonstrates that translation is not simply epistemological practice but ontological performance which is part of the differential constitution of reality, and translation is the condition and task of all beings, although there is the untranslatable in the story of matter, referring to Ricoeur and Derrida. First, it examines how fossil collector Mary Anning discovers the fossil of an ichthyosaur, which, intra-acting with the interpretation of Anning and geologists, produces new meanings. Second, by reading Woolf’s “On Being Ill” and Mol’s The Body Multiple, it maintains that interpretation and translation are material-discursive medical practice and ontological performance which participate in bodily production, and the narratives of female bodies should be actively and carefully translated.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114292119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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