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Ivan Kotenev’s contribution to the development of archives in Karakalpakstan Ivan Kotenev对卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦档案发展的贡献
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-10
S. Saymanov
The article is devoted to the activities of Ivan Grigorievich Kotenev, a native of the Belgorod region, who was the manager of the Central Archival Administration of the Karakalpak ASSR in the second half of the 30s of the twentieth century. As fate would have, Ivan Grigorievich was forced to move from his native places, first to Kazakhstan, then to Uzbekistan, and ended up in Karakalpakstan. In the autumn of 1937, he was sent to the Central Archive Administration of the Uzbek SSR to the city of Turtkul, as a manager, with the aim of improving archival business in the re-public. During this period, the Central Archive Administration KKASSR was going through difficult times, since the insufficient attention of the governing bodies and the allocation of the necessary funds by them, the lack of the necessary archival and technical work due to the small number of employees, the disastrous condition of ar-chival material, both in the Central Archive and in the local places did not make it possible to establish archiving to the proper level. The article deals with the contribu-tion of I. G. Kotenev to the development of archives in Karakalpakstan. In particular he as the manager of the Central Archival Administration of the KKASSR, helped to raise the archives to the proper level, was able to achieve an increase in staff, inde-pendence in matters of financing, did a lot of work on organizing and streamlining the archives of local institutions and enterprises. This work opens new pages in the history of studying the development of archives in Karakalpakstan.
这篇文章专门介绍了Ivan Grigorievich Kotenev的活动,他是别尔哥罗德地区的本地人,在20世纪30年代下半叶担任卡拉卡尔帕克ASSR中央档案馆的经理。命中注定,伊凡·格里戈里维奇被迫离开家乡,先是去了哈萨克斯坦,然后去了乌兹别克斯坦,最后来到了卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦。1937年秋,他被派往乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国中央档案管理局,在图尔库尔市担任经理,目的是改善共和国的档案业务。在此期间,中央档案局(KKASSR)经历了困难时期,因为理事机构不够重视和分配必要的资金,由于雇员人数少而缺乏必要的档案和技术工作,中央档案局和地方的档案资料状况恶劣,都无法建立适当水平的档案。本文论述了柯捷涅夫对卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦档案事业发展的贡献。特别是他作为KKASSR中央档案局的经理,帮助将档案提升到适当的水平,能够实现人员的增加,在财务问题上的独立性,在组织和精简地方机构和企业的档案方面做了大量工作。这项工作在研究卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦档案发展的历史上开辟了新的篇章。
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引用次数: 0
Mental well-being of population in the COVID-19 pandemic (on the example of the Vologda region) COVID-19大流行期间人口的心理健康状况(以沃洛格达地区为例)
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-7
E. Smoleva
The COVID-19 pandemic can be compared with the stress of emergency situations or combat operations. As a result of this pandemic, the burden of mental disorders and an increase in the use of psychiatric services, an increase in distrust of the actions of the authorities and an increase in social negativism are expected in society. The pur-pose of the work is to study the mental well-being of the population of the Vologda region in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The method is a sociological sur-vey of the population of the region (N = 1500). The study confirms the hypotheses that the pandemic situation is stressful. The main trend is an increase in the symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders. The prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders differs in socio-demographic groups. Young people are more anxious. Symptoms of subclinical anxiety and depression are more common among the least affluent resi-dents. The level of satisfaction with the life of the population also shows a down-ward trend. It is concluded that the mental well-being of the population of the region is influenced by the variables that make up the socio-demographic risk factor for health, primarily age and financial situation. The novelty of the study consists in the identification of the current state of mental well-being of the population of the region during the pandemic.
COVID-19大流行可以与紧急情况或作战行动的压力进行比较。由于这一流行病,预计社会上将出现精神障碍的负担和使用精神科服务的人数增加、对当局行动的不信任增加以及社会消极情绪的增加。这项工作的目的是研究在COVID-19大流行的情况下沃洛格达地区人口的心理健康状况。方法是对该地区人口进行社会学调查(N = 1500)。这项研究证实了大流行形势紧张的假设。主要趋势是焦虑和抑郁障碍症状的增加。精神障碍症状的流行程度在社会人口群体中有所不同。年轻人更焦虑。亚临床焦虑和抑郁症状在最不富裕的居民中更为常见。国民生活满意度也呈现下降趋势。结论是,该区域人口的心理健康受到构成社会人口健康风险因素的各种变量的影响,主要是年龄和经济状况。这项研究的新颖之处在于确定了大流行期间该区域人口的心理健康状况。
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引用次数: 0
Network methodology of smart education 智慧教育的网络方法论
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-4
S. Sharonova
The article attempts to systematically comprehend the changes that the new era of smart education entails. The analytical basis of the study was the theoretical work and publications of Russian and foreign scientists describing the experience of intro-ducing certain elements of smart education into practice. During the analysis, the principles of network methodology were identified and its theoretical and practical aspects in smart education were revealed. The theoretical aspect is based on the work of scientists in the field of communication theory. The principles of network method-ology include the presence of social networks and network graphs (network models). The practical aspects of the network methodology are revealed through the transfor-mation of traditional practices in the field of education: educational environment, curriculum, academic discipline, electronic interactive textbook, forms and methods for monitoring learning outcomes, a virtual classroom. In the conclusion, the authors provide some characteristic features of the transfor-mation of the education system: non-linear networking, standardization and hierarchy of goals and content, the presence of a large database.
本文试图系统地理解智慧教育新时代所带来的变化。这项研究的分析基础是俄罗斯和外国科学家的理论工作和出版物,它们描述了将智能教育的某些要素引入实践的经验。在分析过程中,确定了网络方法论的原理,并揭示了其在智慧教育中的理论和实践方面。理论方面是基于科学家在传播理论领域的工作。网络方法论的原理包括社会网络和网络图(网络模型)的存在。通过对教育领域传统实践的转变,揭示了网络方法论的实践方面:教育环境、课程、学科、电子互动教科书、监测学习成果的形式和方法、虚拟课堂。在结论中,作者提出了教育系统转型的一些特征:非线性网络化、目标和内容的标准化和层次化、大型数据库的存在。
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引用次数: 0
The Theological tradition of the struggle of Old Believers against innovations in Christianity and heresy: experience of Belgorod Old Believers community 老信徒与基督教和异端创新斗争的神学传统:别尔哥罗德老信徒社区的经验
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-14
V. V. Ermolovich
The article gives a brief analysis of the experience of Old Believers-Pomorians in fighting against innovation in Christianity, which is based on the saintly and patristic approach to heresy. It is shown that sects and new religious movements have typolog-ical similarities with the doctrines of older heresies. The author substantiates the need for Old Believers and the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (ROC MP) to jointly confront the threats of globalization through the restoration of the foundations of religious education and the family church.
本文简要分析了老信徒-波莫里亚人反对基督教创新的经验,这种创新是基于对异端的神圣和教父式的态度。这表明,教派和新的宗教运动具有类型学上的相似性与旧的异端学说。作者指出,旧信徒和俄罗斯东正教莫斯科宗主教区(ROC MP)需要通过恢复宗教教育和家庭教会的基础,共同面对全球化的威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Christian axiological foundations of modern intra-family relationships in the context of globalization 全球化背景下现代家庭内部关系的基督教价值论基础
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-13
T. Rudavina
The aim of the article is to put forward and substantiate the thesis that today globali-zation, political processes, global migration flows, the leveling of national cultures, the complexity of interethnic relations cause crisis phenomena in the spiritual and moral sphere, which leads to the transformation of the family institution. In this re-gard, the thesis is put forward that the appeal to Christian axiology becomes particu-larly relevant in preserving the traditional understanding of family and marriage rela-tions, which, from the perspective of Orthodox theology, has important implications for the future of the country. The paper focuses on the anti-Christian orientation of globalization and its destructive influence on the institution of the family and the formation of young people, as well as on the positive influence of Christian axiology on intrafamily relationships. As a result, the constructive influence of Gospel values on intrafamily relationships and on the emotional and behavioral features of a person is asserted. The conclusion is made, that a departure from the Gospel attitudes leads to the destruction of spiritual bindings, the death of the family institution, the de-structuring of interpersonal relations, which is dangerous to the integrity and stability of Russian society. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on the Christian faith, the Gospel principles, and the strengthening of church-state relations in the protection and strengthening the family institution.
本文的目的是提出并论证全球化、政治进程、全球移民流动、民族文化的均等化、族群间关系的复杂性导致精神和道德领域的危机现象,从而导致家庭制度的转型。在这方面,本文提出,对基督教价值论的呼吁在保持对家庭和婚姻关系的传统理解方面尤为重要,从东正教神学的角度来看,这对国家的未来具有重要意义。本文主要探讨全球化的反基督教倾向及其对家庭制度和年轻人形成的破坏性影响,以及基督教价值论对家庭内部关系的积极影响。因此,福音价值观对家庭内部关系以及个人情感和行为特征的建设性影响得到了肯定。得出的结论是,背离福音的态度导致精神束缚的破坏,家庭制度的死亡,人际关系的解构,这对俄罗斯社会的完整和稳定是危险的。因此,有必要依靠基督教信仰、福音原则和加强政教关系来保护和加强家庭制度。
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引用次数: 0
Human understanding (toward a hermeneutic of the norm) 人类的理解(对规范的解释学)
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-11
V. Stojanovich
Human understanding of many phenomena and appearances depends, first of all, on experience of the self and understanding of the self. Through this starting point we lay the foundations of our attitudes towards the environment. Insufficient analysis of experience (presented in this article as platform perception) can call into question the correctness (by correctness I understand everything that is in tune with objective log-ic, but also something that is useful in a positive (good) sense – a good intention fol-lowed by a good process and a good result) of one's understanding of normality. However, the thing that can be confusing in trying to understand the modern concept of normality is the well-known fact that it covers two different categories – what is usual and what is correct. The usual is not necessarily correct, and the correct is not necessarily usual. The relativizer of normality is the ever-present possibility of its change. Normality and non-normality not only influence each other, but are also con-ditioned by each other. Together they essentially constitute an understood and evalu-ated known physical reality. The changeability of human understanding, needs, atti-tudes, assessments, as well as change of circumstances affect the transformation of normality. The article discusses, among other things, the difference between the nor-mal as a subject and an object. The consideration of these problems was approached from a multidisciplinary aspect, mainly relying on sociological, philosophical and psy-chological sources.
人类对许多现象和表象的理解首先取决于对自我的体验和对自我的理解。通过这个起点,我们为我们对待环境的态度奠定了基础。对经验的不充分分析(在本文中作为平台感知呈现)可能会质疑一个人对常态的理解的正确性(通过正确性,我理解所有与客观逻辑一致的东西,但也有一些在积极(好的)意义上有用的东西——一个好的意图伴随着一个好的过程和一个好的结果)。然而,在试图理解“正常”这个现代概念时,一个众所周知的事实是,它涵盖了两个不同的类别——什么是通常的,什么是正确的。通常的不一定是正确的,正确的也不一定是通常的。常态的相对化器是常态变化的永远存在的可能性。正常与异常不仅相互影响,而且相互制约。它们在本质上构成了一个被理解和评估的已知物理实在。人的理解、需要、态度、评价的变化以及环境的变化影响着常态的转变。这篇文章讨论了作为主语和宾语的常态之间的区别。这些问题是从多学科的角度来考虑的,主要依靠社会学、哲学和心理学的来源。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Russian translation strategies of 2021 Network buzzwords from the perspective of cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际视角下2021网络流行语俄语翻译策略研究
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-15
Bai Jie
The development of Internet technology has given birth to network buzzwords ex-pressing meanings in specific network media. Such language forms have increasingly appeared, reflecting a country's popular culture to a certain extent, besides, which has become a prism reflecting the country's social development. In order to improve the ef-fect of cross-cultural communication, better serve cross-cultural communication, and translate network buzzwords vividly and appropriately, translators must adopt appro-priate translation strategies based on the timeliness, entertainment, and simplicity of online buzzwords, furthermore, accurately and authentically translate Chinese Internet buzzwords on the premise of retaining the local cultural characteristics, thereby pro-moting in-depth communication of Chinese and Russian network culture. The goal of this paper is to analyze the origin and dissemination of Internet buzzwords from the perspective of cross-cultural communication, to define the concept of Internet buzzwords, to explore its origin, to analyze its phenotypic characteristics, and to try to find translation strategies for Chinese Internet buzzwords. This paper draws the follow-ing conclusions: The generation of Chinese Internet buzzwords has profound cultural roots, and it relies on new network media in the process of dissemination. In order to make cross-cultural communication more effective, in the process of translating Chi-nese online buzzwords, appropriate translation strategies should be flexibly selected according to the specific context and semantics.
网络技术的发展催生了在特定网络媒介上表达意义的网络流行语。这种语言形式越来越多地出现,在一定程度上反映了一个国家的流行文化,同时也成为反映这个国家社会发展的一面棱镜。为了提高跨文化交际的效果,更好地为跨文化交际服务,使网络流行语翻译得生动、恰当,译者必须根据网络流行语的时效性、娱乐性、简洁性等特点,采用相应的翻译策略,在保留本土文化特色的前提下,准确、真实地翻译中国网络流行语。从而促进中俄网络文化的深度交流。本文的目的是从跨文化交际的角度分析网络流行语的起源和传播,界定网络流行语的概念,探讨网络流行语的起源,分析网络流行语的表型特征,并试图找到中文网络流行语的翻译策略。本文得出以下结论:中国网络流行语的产生有着深厚的文化根源,在传播过程中依赖于新型网络媒体。为了使跨文化交际更加有效,在翻译汉语网络流行语的过程中,应根据具体的语境和语义灵活选择合适的翻译策略。
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引用次数: 0
Some types of substantiation of the thesis about the infinity (inexhaustibility) of the universe 关于宇宙无限性(不竭性)论题的某些类型的证实
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-1
Finogentov V. N.
The article discusses the problem of the possibility (impossibility) of substantiating the thesis of the infinity (inexhaustibility) of the universe. First of all, it clarifies the content of the key concepts of the article: the universe, the inexhaustibility of the universe, justification. Further, the impossibility of a specially scientific (empirical and theoretical) substantiation of the thesis of the infinity (inexhaustibility) of the universe is demonstrated. The position of the authors who believe that the thesis un-der discussion has a purely axiomatic, postulative character is critically analyzed. The article argues that the thesis under consideration can be sufficiently convincingly sub-stantiated. In particular, it is shown that theological, anthropological and logical justi-fications of this thesis are possible. The theological justification appeals to the argu-ment that it is more appropriate for almighty God to create an infinite world. The an-thropological justification refers to the objective reality of phenomena, without which neither the emergence nor the development of man (humanity) is possible. We are talking about randomness, innovative processes, freedom and creativity. It is demon-strated that these phenomena are inherent only in the inexhaustible universe. The log-ical justification is based on the impossibility of Parmenides transitions of a certain type: the impossibility of the transition from the existence of the universe to its non-existence and the transition from the non-existence of the universe to its being. It is shown that the recognition of the impossibility of such transitions is, in fact, identical to the recognition of the infinity (inexhaustibility) of the universe. The article also an-alyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these justifications.
本文讨论了宇宙无限性命题的可能(不可能)证明问题。首先,澄清了文章的核心概念内容:宇宙、宇宙的不竭性、正当性。进一步地,论证了不可能对宇宙的无限性(不竭性)命题作特别科学的(经验的和理论的)证实。本文批判性地分析了作者的立场,他们认为正在讨论的论文具有纯粹的公理化和假设性质。本文认为,所考虑的论点可以得到充分令人信服的证实。特别指出的是,这篇论文的神学、人类学和逻辑证明是可能的。神学上的辩护诉诸于这样的论点:全能的上帝创造一个无限的世界更合适。非人类学的正当性是指现象的客观实在性,没有这种客观实在性,人(人性)的产生和发展都是不可能的。我们谈论的是随机性、创新过程、自由和创造力。这表明,这些现象只有在取之不尽的宇宙中才是固有的。逻辑论证是基于巴门尼德的某种类型转换的不可能性即从宇宙的存在到不存在的转换以及从宇宙的不存在到存在的转换的不可能性。这表明,承认这种转变的不可能性,实际上等于承认宇宙的无限性(无穷无尽)。文章还分析了这些理由的优缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Development of religious beliefs of Tuvans in the conditions of globalization 全球化条件下图瓦人宗教信仰的发展
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-8
A. Danchay-ool, C. Adygbay
The article reveals the dialectics of the historical development of the religious faith of the Tuvans in the dialogue of autochthonous and European cultures. The results of a pilot online survey of the population of the Republic of Tyva, conducted in January 2022, in which 759 people took part, are presented. The survey was conducted as part of the search for confirmation of the hypothesis about the presence of transforma-tional processes in the system of religious belief of Tuvans under the influence of the processes of modernization and globalization. The results revealed contradictions in the ideas of modern Tuvans about religion, operating with a substantial understand-ing of God and a distorted understanding of Buddhist lexicology. In addition, super-ficial adherence to religious and cultural traditions by modern Tuvans was revealed. The features of the dynamic development of the religious faith of modern Tuvans are revealed. The reasons for the age linear dependence in the world view of the re-spondents are analyzed, in which the older generations remain committed to the Marxist dialectical-materialist worldview system and at the same time show a desire for a deeper study of the autochthonous religious tradition. Respondents under 18 turned out to be a special age category, since their understanding reveals a radically different interpretation of religious concepts and systems. The influence of the atheis-tic model of Marxism, which does not go beyond the boundaries of the substantial theistic picture of the world, on the development of the Tuvan cultural and historical tradition is emphasized. The prospects for conducting philosophical and anthropolog-ical studies of the religious system of the Tuvan cultural and historical tradition are outlined.
本文在本土文化与欧洲文化的对话中揭示了图瓦人宗教信仰历史发展的辩证法。本文介绍了2022年1月对蒂瓦共和国人口进行的一项试点在线调查的结果,共有759人参与了调查。进行这项调查是为了证实在现代化和全球化进程的影响下,图瓦人的宗教信仰体系中存在着变革过程的假设。结果揭示了现代图瓦人在宗教观念上的矛盾,他们对上帝有深刻的理解,对佛教词汇有扭曲的理解。此外,揭示了现代图瓦人对宗教和文化传统的肤浅坚持。揭示了现代图瓦人宗教信仰动态发展的特点。分析了被调查者世界观中年龄线性依赖的原因,其中老一代仍然致力于马克思主义辩证法-唯物主义世界观体系,同时表现出对本土宗教传统进行更深入研究的愿望。18岁以下的受访者被证明是一个特殊的年龄组,因为他们的理解揭示了对宗教概念和系统的完全不同的解释。强调了马克思主义的无神论模式对图瓦文化和历史传统发展的影响,这种模式没有超出世界实质性有神论图景的界限。概述了对图瓦文化和历史传统的宗教制度进行哲学和人类学研究的前景。
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引用次数: 0
The potential of a teleological approach to solving the problem of anthropocultural complexity 解决人类文化复杂性问题的目的论方法的潜力
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18413/2408-932x-2022-8-3-0-2
P. Opolev, A. Petrov
Sociocultural reality can be seen as the result of an increase in complexity. Complexity includes stages of biological, cultural and technological development. At present, organized sets of diverse nature are growing exponentially. This growth takes on the character of proliferation, "excessive growth." One can observe the transformation of ideas about the goals of human existence. Anthropological threats to the growth of diversity are caused by the formation of ecosystems of complex sociocultural forms and virtualization processes. The purpose of the article is to comprehend the ontological and anthropological perspectives of human complication in relation to the stages of the growth of diversity and complex sociocultural systems, using a teleological approach for this. The teleological approach, updated on the basis of the typologization of goals, makes it possible to make a forecast about which sociocultural phenomena contribute to productive complication, and which lead to proliferation and crisis. As a result of the study, it was found that a person creates an ecosystem of complex socio-cultural forms. These forms claim to be active subjects, often remaining simulacra of true subjectness. Under the conditions of virtualization, there is a transformation of human dimension, there is a proliferation of "virtual worlds". They can be considered as a way of representing human nature in new conditions. Such a representation easily provokes a rejection of the reality of the object and the rigor of thinking in favor of the unconditional primacy of the subject, total pluralism and relativity. These tendencies exacerbate sociocultural proliferation and threaten the fragmentation of sociocultural constants.
社会文化现实可以看作是复杂性增加的结果。复杂性包括生物、文化和技术发展的各个阶段。目前,不同性质的有组织集合正呈指数级增长。这种增长具有增殖的特征,即“过度增长”。人们可以观察到关于人类生存目标的观念的转变。对多样性增长的人类学威胁是由复杂社会文化形态的生态系统的形成和虚拟化过程引起的。本文的目的是运用目的论的方法,从本体论和人类学的角度来理解人类复杂性与多样性和复杂社会文化系统的发展阶段的关系。目的论方法是在目标类型学的基础上更新的,它可以预测哪些社会文化现象会导致生产的复杂性,哪些会导致扩散和危机。研究结果发现,一个人创造了一个复杂的社会文化形式的生态系统。这些形式声称自己是活跃的主体,通常是真正主体的拟像。在虚拟化的条件下,存在着人的维度的转换,存在着“虚拟世界”的泛滥。它们可以被认为是在新条件下表现人性的一种方式。这样的表述很容易引起对客体的现实性和思维的严谨性的拒绝,而倾向于主体的无条件首要地位、完全的多元主义和相对性。这些趋势加剧了社会文化的扩散,并威胁到社会文化常数的分裂。
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引用次数: 0
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