Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64688
Ignacio Bartesaghi, G. Gari, Natalia Melgar
We focus on trade in services, and we aim at assessing the concessions made by China when negotiating trade agreements. Additionally, we shed light on the opportunities that Uruguay may have in exporting services to China in case of signing a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The debate on this issue started in 2016 when Uruguayan President Vázquez visited China and with Chinese President Xi Jinping raised the possibility of signing a FTA. Since then, opposing arguments have been put forward. Unfortunately, the lack of bilateral information on trade in services is a limitation for this kind of studies. It is highlighted that there will be additional large gains which would emerge from trade in goods, cooperation or investments.
{"title":"Negotiating Trade in Services with China from the Uruguayan Perspective","authors":"Ignacio Bartesaghi, G. Gari, Natalia Melgar","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64688","url":null,"abstract":"We focus on trade in services, and we aim at assessing the concessions made by China when negotiating trade agreements. Additionally, we shed light on the opportunities that Uruguay may have in exporting services to China in case of signing a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The debate on this issue started in 2016 when Uruguayan President Vázquez visited China and with Chinese President Xi Jinping raised the possibility of signing a FTA. Since then, opposing arguments have been put forward. Unfortunately, the lack of bilateral information on trade in services is a limitation for this kind of studies. It is highlighted that there will be additional large gains which would emerge from trade in goods, cooperation or investments.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.65122
C. Pavese
After two decades of negotiations, the European Union (EU) and Mercosur celebrated a new Association Agreement in 2019. Structured around three pillars (political dialogue, cooperation, and trade), the deal is still pending ratification but has raised strong criticism. Most concerns address the effect of trade liberalization on social and environmental agendas. This article contributes to this debate, conducting qualitative analysis on the agreement's potential impact on gender equality in the EU and Mercosur. Departing from the feminist scholarship assumption that trade has an unavoidable effect on gender, this article argues that interregional trade agreements can be a helpful policy instrument to promote gender equality. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions.
{"title":"Gender Impact of Interregional Trade","authors":"C. Pavese","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.65122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.65122","url":null,"abstract":"After two decades of negotiations, the European Union (EU) and Mercosur celebrated a new Association Agreement in 2019. Structured around three pillars (political dialogue, cooperation, and trade), the deal is still pending ratification but has raised strong criticism. Most concerns address the effect of trade liberalization on social and environmental agendas. This article contributes to this debate, conducting qualitative analysis on the agreement's potential impact on gender equality in the EU and Mercosur. Departing from the feminist scholarship assumption that trade has an unavoidable effect on gender, this article argues that interregional trade agreements can be a helpful policy instrument to promote gender equality. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133566637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61853
Abdillahi Nedif Muse, Saidatulakmal Mohd
This article analyses the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on Ethiopia’s economic growth. For this purpose, it uses Vector Autoregressions (VARs) model for the period comprised by years 1981-2017. It finds that FDI had a significant positive impact on Ethiopia’s economic growth for both the short and long-run periods. Adequate human capital and stable macroeconomic envirornment have catalysed the contribution of FDI to economic growth. Gross fixed capital formation and government consumption exerted a negative and significant effects on economic growth during the period of interest. Moreover, the study reveals that there is no causal relationship between FDI and economic development. Ethiopia needs to open up the economy and restructure the financial sector to attract foreign multinational companies (MNC), especially in the manufacturing and agro-industry sectors. Human capital investment should be strength to absorb more foreign direct investment and transform the agricultural-based economy to a modern one. Effective budgeting system and prioritisation of government consumption will support a more rapidly growing economy.
{"title":"Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Ethiopia","authors":"Abdillahi Nedif Muse, Saidatulakmal Mohd","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61853","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on Ethiopia’s economic growth. \u0000For this purpose, it uses Vector Autoregressions (VARs) model for the period comprised by years \u00001981-2017. It finds that FDI had a significant positive impact on Ethiopia’s economic growth for \u0000both the short and long-run periods. Adequate human capital and stable macroeconomic \u0000envirornment have catalysed the contribution of FDI to economic growth. Gross fixed capital \u0000formation and government consumption exerted a negative and significant effects on economic \u0000growth during the period of interest. Moreover, the study reveals that there is no causal relationship \u0000between FDI and economic development. Ethiopia needs to open up the economy and restructure \u0000the financial sector to attract foreign multinational companies (MNC), especially in the manufacturing \u0000and agro-industry sectors. Human capital investment should be strength to absorb more foreign \u0000direct investment and transform the agricultural-based economy to a modern one. Effective \u0000budgeting system and prioritisation of government consumption will support a more rapidly growing \u0000economy.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128813527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64746
Fernando Piérola-Castro, Niall Meagher, Leah Buencamino
El ACWL se creó hace 20 años para atenuar a las desigualdades en recursos humanos y financieros que impedían a algunos miembros de la OMC beneficiarse plenamente de las ventajas que ofrece el sistema comercial multilateral. La creación del ACWL se basó en la idea de que la credibilidad y la aceptabilidad del sistema sólo pueden garantizarse si todos los miembros pueden participar eficazmente. Este artículo explica cómo el ACWL proporciona asistencia jurídica accesible a través de sus tres servicios: asesoramiento jurídico, asistencia en los procedimientos de solución de diferencias de la OMC y capacitación. Evalúa en qué medida estos servicios han permitido a los países que pueden optar a los servicios del ACWL comprender mejor cómo defender sus derechos y cumplir sus obligaciones en virtud de los Acuerdos de la OMC. Por último, el documento examina los retos a los que se enfrenta el ACWL y sus perspectivas de futuro.
{"title":"El Centro de Asesoría Legal en Asuntos de la OMC (ACWL)","authors":"Fernando Piérola-Castro, Niall Meagher, Leah Buencamino","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64746","url":null,"abstract":"El ACWL se creó hace 20 años para atenuar a las desigualdades en recursos humanos y financieros que impedían a algunos miembros de la OMC beneficiarse plenamente de las ventajas que ofrece el sistema comercial multilateral. La creación del ACWL se basó en la idea de que la credibilidad y la aceptabilidad del sistema sólo pueden garantizarse si todos los miembros pueden participar eficazmente. Este artículo explica cómo el ACWL proporciona asistencia jurídica accesible a través de sus tres servicios: asesoramiento jurídico, asistencia en los procedimientos de solución de diferencias de la OMC y capacitación. Evalúa en qué medida estos servicios han permitido a los países que pueden optar a los servicios del ACWL comprender mejor cómo defender sus derechos y cumplir sus obligaciones en virtud de los Acuerdos de la OMC. Por último, el documento examina los retos a los que se enfrenta el ACWL y sus perspectivas de futuro.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122754600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64188
Nicolás Albertoni
The main goal of this paper is to situate current trade policy debates in a proper historical context by analyzing the main trade policy milestones of the 21st-century. It does not attempt to offer an extensive historical overview of trade policy, which has been done masterfully by other scholars, but to analyze the events that have led to a stagnation of the multilateral trade system and rising protectionism. This paper begins with the winding road of trade liberalization since World War II, briefly tracing how we arrived from the early stages of the Bretton Wood System to the current moment of stagnation of the multilateral system and rising protectionism. It then turns to four key events to understand the current new reality: China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008 to 2009, the trade war between the United States and China, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in trade policy dynamics. It concludes with some final comments on the relevance of understanding current trade debates from a historical perspective.
{"title":"A Historical Overview of the 21st-Century Protectionism","authors":"Nicolás Albertoni","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.64188","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this paper is to situate current trade policy debates in a proper historical context by analyzing the main trade policy milestones of the 21st-century. It does not attempt to offer an extensive historical overview of trade policy, which has been done masterfully by other scholars, but to analyze the events that have led to a stagnation of the multilateral trade system and rising protectionism. This paper begins with the winding road of trade liberalization since World War II, briefly tracing how we arrived from the early stages of the Bretton Wood System to the current moment of stagnation of the multilateral system and rising protectionism. It then turns to four key events to understand the current new reality: China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008 to 2009, the trade war between the United States and China, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in trade policy dynamics. It concludes with some final comments on the relevance of understanding current trade debates from a historical perspective.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114919774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.60438
Sulthon Sjahril Sabaruddin
Este documento intenta describir y analizar formas de fortalecer y elevar las relaciones económicas bilaterales entre Indonesia y Argentina a una etapa superior. El estudio revela que las relaciones bilaterales actuales siguen estando por debajo de sus potencialidades y con una intensidad comercial relativamente baja. La baja intensidad comercial puede deberse en parte razones clásicos entre otros como la gran distancia geográfica que ocasiona altos costos de transporte; la barrera lingüística; y la falta de información, interés y de contactos interpersonales. También, las medidas proteccionistas argentinas y el alza del déficit de la balanza comercial de por la parte indonesia, son los problemas principales actuales dentro de las relaciones comerciales bilaterales. Sobre la base de la estimación de TCI, aunque las exportaciones e importaciones de ambos países tienden a ser más sustitutos, aún hay un avance muy significativo de complementariedad comercial en los últimos años. Mientras que, para el escenario bilateral de libre comercio, el estudio revela que se espera que en Indonesia y Argentina los excedentes del consumo y el comercio aumenten a raíz del TLC bilateral, pero, sí reduce los ingresos arancelarios. Con base en los resultados, se puede concluir que hay muchas oportunidades para mejorar aún más sus exportaciones en función de su mayor ventaja comparativa. El documento sugiere que reducir las medidas proteccionistas, tanto los aranceles y las barreras no arancelarias (incluido la actual regulación de licencias de importación no automáticas) y realizar Indonesia-Mercosur PTA. El estudio revela que con la eliminación de las barreras comerciales ambos países obtendrán un mayor bienestar y el cumplimiento de los objetivos de ambos países para intensificar las relaciones comerciales bilaterales.
{"title":"Hacia Elevar las Relaciones Económicas entre Indonesia y Argentina a Una Etapa Superior","authors":"Sulthon Sjahril Sabaruddin","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.60438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.60438","url":null,"abstract":"Este documento intenta describir y analizar formas de fortalecer y elevar las relaciones económicas bilaterales entre Indonesia y Argentina a una etapa superior. El estudio revela que las relaciones bilaterales actuales siguen estando por debajo de sus potencialidades y con una intensidad comercial relativamente baja. La baja intensidad comercial puede deberse en parte razones clásicos entre otros como la gran distancia geográfica que ocasiona altos costos de transporte; la barrera lingüística; y la falta de información, interés y de contactos interpersonales. También, las medidas proteccionistas argentinas y el alza del déficit de la balanza comercial de por la parte indonesia, son los problemas principales actuales dentro de las relaciones comerciales bilaterales. Sobre la base de la estimación de TCI, aunque las exportaciones e importaciones de ambos países tienden a ser más sustitutos, aún hay un avance muy significativo de complementariedad comercial en los últimos años. Mientras que, para el escenario bilateral de libre comercio, el estudio revela que se espera que en Indonesia y Argentina los excedentes del consumo y el comercio aumenten a raíz del TLC bilateral, pero, sí reduce los ingresos arancelarios. Con base en los resultados, se puede concluir que hay muchas oportunidades para mejorar aún más sus exportaciones en función de su mayor ventaja comparativa. El documento sugiere que reducir las medidas proteccionistas, tanto los aranceles y las barreras no arancelarias (incluido la actual regulación de licencias de importación no automáticas) y realizar Indonesia-Mercosur PTA. El estudio revela que con la eliminación de las barreras comerciales ambos países obtendrán un mayor bienestar y el cumplimiento de los objetivos de ambos países para intensificar las relaciones comerciales bilaterales.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125519353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
East Africa Community exchange rate volatility spiraled up when the countries adopted the Structural Adjustment Policies in early 1980s. The question that remains unanswered is whether exchange rate volatility hinders or promotes trade. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exchange rate volatility and its effect on Intra-East Africa community regional trade. Unit root tests results indicated that some of the variables were stationary at levels and on first difference, all variables were I(1). Differenced panel data was fitted into the General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model to measure volatility. Hausman test showed that the fixed effect model was appropriate exchange rate, money supply, population and foreign direct investment significantly determines intra-East Africa Community regional trade. It was concluded that exchange rate volatility is observable in the Intra-East Africa region and further, exchange rate, money supply, population, and foreign direct investment significantly influenced intra-EAC regional trade. It is recommended that EAC member states should formulate policies that ensures exchange rate stability in the region to reduce unpredictability of exchange rate. Policies should be enacted to guarantee adequate money supply and encourage foreign direct investments.
{"title":"Exchange rate volatility and its effect on intra-East Africa Community regional trade","authors":"Thomas Mosbei, Silas Kiprono Samoei, Clement Cheruiyot Tison, Edwin Kipyego Kipchoge","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.58790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.58790","url":null,"abstract":"East Africa Community exchange rate volatility spiraled up when the countries adopted the Structural Adjustment Policies in early 1980s. The question that remains unanswered is whether exchange rate volatility hinders or promotes trade. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exchange rate volatility and its effect on Intra-East Africa community regional trade. Unit root tests results indicated that some of the variables were stationary at levels and on first difference, all variables were I(1). Differenced panel data was fitted into the General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model to measure volatility. Hausman test showed that the fixed effect model was appropriate exchange rate, money supply, population and foreign direct investment significantly determines intra-East Africa Community regional trade. It was concluded that exchange rate volatility is observable in the Intra-East Africa region and further, exchange rate, money supply, population, and foreign direct investment significantly influenced intra-EAC regional trade. It is recommended that EAC member states should formulate policies that ensures exchange rate stability in the region to reduce unpredictability of exchange rate. Policies should be enacted to guarantee adequate money supply and encourage foreign direct investments.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116783077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.57922
Alan Fairlie Reinoso
El artículo destaca la movilidad estudiantil como un eje fundamental de la internacionalización de la educación superior, y los factores que propician el flujo de estudiantes de educación superior desde países andinos hacia países desarrollados. Para ello, se estima un modelo gravitacional con el objetivo de encontrar dichos determinantes, entre los que destacan: el ingreso en el país de destino, el idioma, y las barreras regulatorias (tomando como proxi un índice de libertad económica). Esto sugiere, que convenios con países donde hay más apertura y menores regulaciones, favorecerían la movilidad. Pero, es necesario identificar otros obstáculos que deberían ser removidos, en los convenios que hagan las instituciones o las negociaciones que lideren los países.
{"title":"Algunos determinantes de la movilidad estudiantil universitaria de los países andinos","authors":"Alan Fairlie Reinoso","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.57922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.57922","url":null,"abstract":"El artículo destaca la movilidad estudiantil como un eje fundamental de la internacionalización de la educación superior, y los factores que propician el flujo de estudiantes de educación superior desde países andinos hacia países desarrollados. Para ello, se estima un modelo gravitacional con el objetivo de encontrar dichos determinantes, entre los que destacan: el ingreso en el país de destino, el idioma, y las barreras regulatorias (tomando como proxi un índice de libertad económica). Esto sugiere, que convenios con países donde hay más apertura y menores regulaciones, favorecerían la movilidad. Pero, es necesario identificar otros obstáculos que deberían ser removidos, en los convenios que hagan las instituciones o las negociaciones que lideren los países.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121965048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61781
P. Carrasco
La iniciativa china “One Belt One Road” que pretende conectar por tierra y mar a Asia con Europa y África emulando la antigua ruta de la seda, pretende también expandirse a América Latina mediante la cooperación internacional e inversiones en infraestructura ferroviaria. Si bien en Chile fue cancelado el proyecto del tren entre Santiago y Valparaíso (proyecto TVS) por su alto costo, el siguienteeste artículo abordará busca responder dos cuestiones en torno a este contexto: 1) ¿Qué factores explican la presencia de China en América Latina?; y, 2) A pesar del cierre del proyecto del tren TVS, ¿eExisten alterativas para consolidar la cooperación internacional e inversiones de China en América Latina? ¿Cuáles son sus ventajas y desventajas?
{"title":"La iniciativa “One Belt One Road” y América Latina:","authors":"P. Carrasco","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.61781","url":null,"abstract":"La iniciativa china “One Belt One Road” que pretende conectar por tierra y mar a Asia con Europa y África emulando la antigua ruta de la seda, pretende también expandirse a América Latina mediante la cooperación internacional e inversiones en infraestructura ferroviaria. Si bien en Chile fue cancelado el proyecto del tren entre Santiago y Valparaíso (proyecto TVS) por su alto costo, el siguienteeste artículo abordará busca responder dos cuestiones en torno a este contexto: 1) ¿Qué factores explican la presencia de China en América Latina?; y, 2) A pesar del cierre del proyecto del tren TVS, ¿eExisten alterativas para consolidar la cooperación internacional e inversiones de China en América Latina? ¿Cuáles son sus ventajas y desventajas?","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128139907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.5354/0719-9368.2020.59042
S. Sterzer, A. Pakkanna
Chile and Argentina have put their radars on trade with Southeast Asian countries, in which Indonesia appears as one of the main countries. In recent years, Chile has had a more aggressive trade policy towards Indonesia. The most recent proof has been the signing of the Indonesia - Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA), which entered into force in 2019. The objective of this article is to present a comparative analysis of trade flows between Argentina - Indonesia and Chile - Indonesia, looking for similarities and differences between both types of bilateral ties, so that they can serve as models to improve existing relations, learning from what it has happened in each one of them.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Trade Relations of Argentina-Indonesia and Chile-Indonesia:","authors":"S. Sterzer, A. Pakkanna","doi":"10.5354/0719-9368.2020.59042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2020.59042","url":null,"abstract":"Chile and Argentina have put their radars on trade with Southeast Asian countries, in which Indonesia appears as one of the main countries. In recent years, Chile has had a more aggressive trade policy towards Indonesia. The most recent proof has been the signing of the Indonesia - Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA), which entered into force in 2019. The objective of this article is to present a comparative analysis of trade flows between Argentina - Indonesia and Chile - Indonesia, looking for similarities and differences between both types of bilateral ties, so that they can serve as models to improve existing relations, learning from what it has happened in each one of them.","PeriodicalId":409959,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Trade Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127340153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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