Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002001
Jennifer L. Derr
{"title":"Seeds of Power: Explorations in Ottoman Environmental History, edited by Onur İnal and Yavuz Köse","authors":"Jennifer L. Derr","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44103495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002013
A. Phillips
{"title":"Weaving the History: Mystery of a City, edited by Filiz Yenişehirlioğlu and Gözde Çerçioğlu Yücel","authors":"A. Phillips","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"299-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45930189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002011
N. Vatin
La promotion de Hayr ed-Din Barberousse alimenta des polemiques. Pouvait-on se fier a ce pirate au passe douteux qui n'avait pas suivi le cursus honorum normal ? Les Ġazavât-i Hayr ed-Din Pasa repondent a ces accusations : corsaire et non pirate, roi d'Alger qui s'etait mis au service de la Porte, Hayr ed-Din avait une competence exceptionnelle de marin et de specialiste de l'Occident. Pourtant, ni les pachas, ni le sultan ne semblent lui avoir fait entierement confiance. Directeur de l'Arsenal et non amiral de la flotte, il commanda celle-ci a l'occasion, mais apparemment sous controle.
{"title":"Hayr ed-Dîn Barberousse : Un pacha qui n’était pas du sérail","authors":"N. Vatin","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002011","url":null,"abstract":"La promotion de Hayr ed-Din Barberousse alimenta des polemiques. Pouvait-on se fier a ce pirate au passe douteux qui n'avait pas suivi le cursus honorum normal ? Les Ġazavât-i Hayr ed-Din Pasa repondent a ces accusations : corsaire et non pirate, roi d'Alger qui s'etait mis au service de la Porte, Hayr ed-Din avait une competence exceptionnelle de marin et de specialiste de l'Occident. Pourtant, ni les pachas, ni le sultan ne semblent lui avoir fait entierement confiance. Directeur de l'Arsenal et non amiral de la flotte, il commanda celle-ci a l'occasion, mais apparemment sous controle.","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"107-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45161166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002003
A. Lyberatos
{"title":"Ruler Visibility and Popular Belonging in the Ottoman Empire, 1808–1908, written by Darin N. Stephanov","authors":"A. Lyberatos","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"286-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002010
Alexandros Lamprou
The historiography of Turkey has until recently exhibited a solid state bias in the study of the formative years of the republic. Conversely, the intersection of the state with local power networks has been understudied. This paper studies the dynamics of local political networks as exemplified in the case study of Esat Adil Müstecaplıoğlu, an exceptional case of a local political broker with leftist leanings in a provincial urban setting in the 1930s. Focusing on a local feud he was involved in and its aftermath, the article studies the dynamic relations, simultaneously conciliatory and conflictual, between local power brokers and state elites within local politics; how networks of patronage operated and shaped the relation between state and society. In doing so, the article explores the state’s infrastructural limits to operate without the cooperation of local power brokers and considers the significance of these dynamics for the ongoing Kemalist nation-building programme. Lastly, it argues that in appearing co-optive towards local elites the state acknowledged its low political legitimacy and the weakness of its ‘cultural constituency’—educated middle classes.
直到最近，土耳其的史学在研究共和国形成时期时一直表现出坚定的国家偏见。相反，州与地方电网的交叉点研究不足。本文研究了地方政治网络的动态，例如Esat Adil Müstecaplıoğlu的案例研究，这是一个20世纪30年代在省级城市环境中具有左翼倾向的地方政治经纪人的特例。本文以他所卷入的一场地方世仇及其后果为中心，研究了地方政治中地方权力掮客与国家精英之间的动态关系，既有和解关系，也有冲突关系；赞助网络是如何运作和塑造国家与社会之间的关系的。在这样做的过程中，文章探讨了该州在没有地方权力经纪人合作的情况下运营的基础设施限制，并考虑了这些动态对正在进行的凯末尔主义国家建设计划的重要性。最后，它认为，在表现出对地方精英的偏袒时，该州承认其政治合法性低下，以及其“文化选民”——受过教育的中产阶级的弱点。
{"title":"Local Politics and State-Society Relations: State Officials, Local Elites, and Political Networks in Provincial Urban Centres in the 1930s and 1940s in Turkey","authors":"Alexandros Lamprou","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002010","url":null,"abstract":"The historiography of Turkey has until recently exhibited a solid state bias in the study of the formative years of the republic. Conversely, the intersection of the state with local power networks has been understudied. This paper studies the dynamics of local political networks as exemplified in the case study of Esat Adil Müstecaplıoğlu, an exceptional case of a local political broker with leftist leanings in a provincial urban setting in the 1930s. Focusing on a local feud he was involved in and its aftermath, the article studies the dynamic relations, simultaneously conciliatory and conflictual, between local power brokers and state elites within local politics; how networks of patronage operated and shaped the relation between state and society. In doing so, the article explores the state’s infrastructural limits to operate without the cooperation of local power brokers and considers the significance of these dynamics for the ongoing Kemalist nation-building programme. Lastly, it argues that in appearing co-optive towards local elites the state acknowledged its low political legitimacy and the weakness of its ‘cultural constituency’—educated middle classes.","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"252-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44365829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002007
M. Dogar
This article examines the relationship between the Turkish government and the Turkish press by taking the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1935–36 as a case study. The Turkish press attached much importance to the conflict and covered two main issues: the increasingly insecure environment in world politics and how Turkey should position itself in the face of these changing dynamics. Emphasising the divergences between the rhetoric of the government and the coverage of the press about these issues, this article argues that in the early Republican period, the press, rather than being simply dictated to by the government, had a more independent and active position than it is often given credit for in the secondary literature.
{"title":"‘Complete Neutrality’ or ‘Controlled Enmity’? The Role of the Turkish Press during the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1935–36","authors":"M. Dogar","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002007","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the relationship between the Turkish government and the Turkish press by taking the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1935–36 as a case study. The Turkish press attached much importance to the conflict and covered two main issues: the increasingly insecure environment in world politics and how Turkey should position itself in the face of these changing dynamics. Emphasising the divergences between the rhetoric of the government and the coverage of the press about these issues, this article argues that in the early Republican period, the press, rather than being simply dictated to by the government, had a more independent and active position than it is often given credit for in the secondary literature.","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"213-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42753703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002005
L. Peirce
{"title":"The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem: From African Slave to Power-Broker, written by Jane Hathaway","authors":"L. Peirce","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"296-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45378807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002008
Nadav Solomonovich, R. Kark
According to Ottoman historiography, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Ottoman state adopted the European civilizing mission and discourse towards the nomadic tribal population in the empire. This phenomenon was usually referred to as ‘borrowed colonialism’. However, recently, new studies began to challenge that view, arguing that officials used civilizing discourse to justify their failures in dealing with the nomads, or that they used derogatory references strategically towards specific ends. Interestingly, studies from both groups use the establishment of the town and sub-district of Beersheba in southern Palestine to support their views. Based on Ottoman sources, the main argument of this article is that the fact that the Bedouins were perceived by the state as ‘ignorant’ and ‘wild’ caused its officials to demonstrate leniency and bestow special treatment upon them in order to integrate them in the Ottoman state and administration.
{"title":"The Bedouins, the Ottoman Civilizing Mission and the Establishment of the Town of Beersheba","authors":"Nadav Solomonovich, R. Kark","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002008","url":null,"abstract":"According to Ottoman historiography, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Ottoman state adopted the European civilizing mission and discourse towards the nomadic tribal population in the empire. This phenomenon was usually referred to as ‘borrowed colonialism’. However, recently, new studies began to challenge that view, arguing that officials used civilizing discourse to justify their failures in dealing with the nomads, or that they used derogatory references strategically towards specific ends. Interestingly, studies from both groups use the establishment of the town and sub-district of Beersheba in southern Palestine to support their views. Based on Ottoman sources, the main argument of this article is that the fact that the Bedouins were perceived by the state as ‘ignorant’ and ‘wild’ caused its officials to demonstrate leniency and bestow special treatment upon them in order to integrate them in the Ottoman state and administration.","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"189-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49101580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.1163/18775462-01002009
M. Sariyannis
Ottoman urban revolt has been the subject of many studies, but most of them consider either the janissaries or political factions of the elite as the main actors. However, Ottoman sources point to the marked participation of what can be called the ‘urban mob’, people without any strong professional or military affiliation. The article seeks to explore the type and scope of this participation, the composition and socioeconomic characteristics of this mob, and the possible hints we may obtain about their motives and ideology.
{"title":"Unseen Rebels: The ‘Mob’ of Istanbul as a Constituent of Ottoman Revolt, Seventeenth to Early Nineteenth Centuries","authors":"M. Sariyannis","doi":"10.1163/18775462-01002009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01002009","url":null,"abstract":"Ottoman urban revolt has been the subject of many studies, but most of them consider either the janissaries or political factions of the elite as the main actors. However, Ottoman sources point to the marked participation of what can be called the ‘urban mob’, people without any strong professional or military affiliation. The article seeks to explore the type and scope of this participation, the composition and socioeconomic characteristics of this mob, and the possible hints we may obtain about their motives and ideology.","PeriodicalId":41042,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"155-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18775462-01002009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48022465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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