Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0513
B. C. Roy, S. Bhattacharyya
With rapid urbanisation, pressures on the urban transport facilities have increased manyfold for reasons of ever increased population and demands for better living. Rail based Mass Rapid Transit Systems (MRTS) be it elevated or underground was the first choice of the Indian Cities, which is changing now with more and more interest coming from 2nd and 3rd Tier Cities, Light Rail Transit System (LRTS) and trolley bus is gaining momentum and this become preferred choice in tier 1 cities as well to provide last mile connectivity, in sync with multi-modal integration to for door-to-door service. In order to control cost, it is now more and more explored to adopt to At Grade Section in such light transit systems. But at junction of such at grade section with Elevated / Underground stretch, it becomes inevitable to provide transition section. This paper aims in elaborating approach to design such transition zone for trackwork.
{"title":"Track Transition on Bridges or Switch-Over Ramps: Rail Based Urban Transport","authors":"B. C. Roy, S. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0513","url":null,"abstract":"With rapid urbanisation, pressures on the urban transport facilities have increased manyfold for reasons of ever increased population and demands for better living. Rail based Mass Rapid Transit Systems (MRTS) be it elevated or underground was the first choice of the Indian Cities, which is changing now with more and more interest coming from 2nd and 3rd Tier Cities, Light Rail Transit System (LRTS) and trolley bus is gaining momentum and this become preferred choice in tier 1 cities as well to provide last mile connectivity, in sync with multi-modal integration to for door-to-door service. In order to control cost, it is now more and more explored to adopt to At Grade Section in such light transit systems. But at junction of such at grade section with Elevated / Underground stretch, it becomes inevitable to provide transition section. This paper aims in elaborating approach to design such transition zone for trackwork.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"449 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.1434
Yunlu Wang, M. Gao, Jingjing Yang
Bridge expansion joints (BEJs) are equipped at the girder end of long-span railway bridges to ensure the reliable transition of the track. The track structure of BEJs is more complex than that of bridge, so the BEJs should have suitable dynamic stiffness to ensure the safety and stability of vehicle. Taking a high-speed railway bridge equipped with densely arranged BEJs as an example, a vehicle- track-bridge coupled model was established to analyse the influence of vertical stiffness of BEJs on the dynamic response of whole system. Base on the established model, the study shows that the deformation of the BEJs will cause the short-wave irregularity of the rail and high-frequency impact on the vehicle. The unreasonable stiffness of BEJs will greatly increase the derail risk of the vehicle, so the influence of the stiffness of BEJs on the dynamic response of vehicle should be considered adequately in the design of the BEJs. According to the research results, it is recommended to use a larger stiffness of cushion plate. The results have been applied to the design of the BEJs on the studied railway lines, which are in good service condition at present.
{"title":"Study on the Influence of Bridge Expansion Joints on Vehicle-Track- Bridge System","authors":"Yunlu Wang, M. Gao, Jingjing Yang","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.1434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1434","url":null,"abstract":"Bridge expansion joints (BEJs) are equipped at the girder end of long-span railway bridges to ensure the reliable transition of the track. The track structure of BEJs is more complex than that of bridge, so the BEJs should have suitable dynamic stiffness to ensure the safety and stability of vehicle. Taking a high-speed railway bridge equipped with densely arranged BEJs as an example, a vehicle- track-bridge coupled model was established to analyse the influence of vertical stiffness of BEJs on the dynamic response of whole system. Base on the established model, the study shows that the deformation of the BEJs will cause the short-wave irregularity of the rail and high-frequency impact on the vehicle. The unreasonable stiffness of BEJs will greatly increase the derail risk of the vehicle, so the influence of the stiffness of BEJs on the dynamic response of vehicle should be considered adequately in the design of the BEJs. According to the research results, it is recommended to use a larger stiffness of cushion plate. The results have been applied to the design of the BEJs on the studied railway lines, which are in good service condition at present.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"20 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114095083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0777
Lanxin Luo, Ao Wang, Zhanhang Liu, Ye Xia, Limin Sun
Wing-spread bridge is an innovative stress-ribbon arch pedestrian bridge expected to be built along Binjiang Avenue, Shanghai, China. Human-induced vibration is an important factor that needs to be considered in the operation period of pedestrian bridges. However, there is a lack of research on this new structure's dynamic characteristics and vibration reduction measures. In this paper, the finite element (FE) model of the Wing-spread Bridge is firstly established, and the modal analysis is conducted based on the FE model. Subsequently, the maximum acceleration of each mode under pedestrian dynamic load is calculated. The result shows that the maximum acceleration of the first- order lateral bending mode exceeds the best comfortable indicator. Finally, two tuned mass dampers (TMD) are designed to be installed at the top of the arches, and the vibration amplitude of the bridge with TMD meets the requirements.
{"title":"Modal Analysis and TMD Design of the Wing-spread Bridge: A Pedestrian Bridge along the Binjiang Avenue, Shanghai","authors":"Lanxin Luo, Ao Wang, Zhanhang Liu, Ye Xia, Limin Sun","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0777","url":null,"abstract":"Wing-spread bridge is an innovative stress-ribbon arch pedestrian bridge expected to be built along Binjiang Avenue, Shanghai, China. Human-induced vibration is an important factor that needs to be considered in the operation period of pedestrian bridges. However, there is a lack of research on this new structure's dynamic characteristics and vibration reduction measures. In this paper, the finite element (FE) model of the Wing-spread Bridge is firstly established, and the modal analysis is conducted based on the FE model. Subsequently, the maximum acceleration of each mode under pedestrian dynamic load is calculated. The result shows that the maximum acceleration of the first- order lateral bending mode exceeds the best comfortable indicator. Finally, two tuned mass dampers (TMD) are designed to be installed at the top of the arches, and the vibration amplitude of the bridge with TMD meets the requirements.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116533046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0928
D. Owolabi, C. Loss
This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of prefabricated mass timber floors, with a focus on composite floor assemblies for common residential and long-span office applications. The discussion relates to different design aspects, including connection systems and methods of assembly. Also, design methods and code provisions for the floor assemblies comprising ultimate limit state design, vibration control and long-term behaviour are expounded. A life-cycle overview of floor solutions is also presented to highlight their sustainability potential. The paper demonstrates how the building industry can leverage the structural performance, light weight and prefabrication capabilities of these innovative floor solutions for a better-built environment.
{"title":"Advancements in Timber Construction: A Review of Prefabricated Mass Timber Floor Assemblies","authors":"D. Owolabi, C. Loss","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0928","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of prefabricated mass timber floors, with a focus on composite floor assemblies for common residential and long-span office applications. The discussion relates to different design aspects, including connection systems and methods of assembly. Also, design methods and code provisions for the floor assemblies comprising ultimate limit state design, vibration control and long-term behaviour are expounded. A life-cycle overview of floor solutions is also presented to highlight their sustainability potential. The paper demonstrates how the building industry can leverage the structural performance, light weight and prefabrication capabilities of these innovative floor solutions for a better-built environment.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115209750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.2079
H. Xu, Zhigang Wu, Shanhong Yang, L. Yin, Yu Zhu
The Pi River Water Viaduct is a milestone in the Yangtze-to-Huai Water Diversion Project. From the structure point of view, it is a girder-arch composite system with a span configuration (68+110+68)m. It is the first aqueduct made of steel structures in China. And its span ranks the 1st in the world in terms of navigable aqueducts. Site selection, load features, structure type, durability are firstly discussed in the paper on the basis of construction conditions, and then a corresponding conceptual design is given. The reliability of the design solution is validated by a large number of scientific studies and tests, and guidance for detailed structural design is also summarized from the studies and tests.
{"title":"Design of the Main Structure of The Pi River Water Viaduct","authors":"H. Xu, Zhigang Wu, Shanhong Yang, L. Yin, Yu Zhu","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.2079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.2079","url":null,"abstract":"The Pi River Water Viaduct is a milestone in the Yangtze-to-Huai Water Diversion Project. From the structure point of view, it is a girder-arch composite system with a span configuration (68+110+68)m. It is the first aqueduct made of steel structures in China. And its span ranks the 1st in the world in terms of navigable aqueducts. Site selection, load features, structure type, durability are firstly discussed in the paper on the basis of construction conditions, and then a corresponding conceptual design is given. The reliability of the design solution is validated by a large number of scientific studies and tests, and guidance for detailed structural design is also summarized from the studies and tests.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115689217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0944
Alecs Kak Tien Chong, M. Tapley, S. Jenkins, Thomas Chandler
The West Kowloon Cultural District Artist Square Bridge (ASB) is a part of Hong Kong’s new art and cultural district development. It forms a primary pedestrian link between the adjacent MTR station and the new development. ASB is a design-and-build project consisting of a 78m clear spanning, 8m wide footbridge, an access lift tower and a 30m long staircase and escalators. The footbridge is a covered, dual steel arch and Vierendeel truss footbridge, that crosses an existing flyover, connecting the station shopping mall to the new development. During construction of ASB, very limited space was available on the new development site to accommodate the construction of ASB. These posed engineering challenges to the design and construction team. This paper presents the design of the ASB structures with particular focus on the main footbridge, and the challenges encountered during the design and construction of ASB and how incremental launching solution was developed to tackle these challenges.
{"title":"Design and Construction of the West Kowloon Cultural District Artist Square Arch Footbridge","authors":"Alecs Kak Tien Chong, M. Tapley, S. Jenkins, Thomas Chandler","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0944","url":null,"abstract":"The West Kowloon Cultural District Artist Square Bridge (ASB) is a part of Hong Kong’s new art and cultural district development. It forms a primary pedestrian link between the adjacent MTR station and the new development. ASB is a design-and-build project consisting of a 78m clear spanning, 8m wide footbridge, an access lift tower and a 30m long staircase and escalators. The footbridge is a covered, dual steel arch and Vierendeel truss footbridge, that crosses an existing flyover, connecting the station shopping mall to the new development. During construction of ASB, very limited space was available on the new development site to accommodate the construction of ASB. These posed engineering challenges to the design and construction team. This paper presents the design of the ASB structures with particular focus on the main footbridge, and the challenges encountered during the design and construction of ASB and how incremental launching solution was developed to tackle these challenges.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123915714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.1693
M. Gao, Jingjing Yang, Guolong Li, Xianfu Sun, Yunlu Wang, Dongfang Wang
Aiming at deformation characteristics of super-span bridge and track in high-speed railway at the acceptance stage, the key factors to track static geometrics are identified, namely the route profile, surrounding temperature, construction deviation and ballast density deviation. According to the study results, the principles of track profile setting is proposed, and the integrated criteria of midpoint chords based on 60 m, 30 m and 10 m is recommended to determine the track target geometric profile. The optimized track adjustment scheme should meet two conditions, first condition is that the irregularity midpoint chord values should not exceed 6 mm/60 m, 3 mm/30 m and 1 mm/10 m, and second condition is that the adjustment range of ballast thickness should be within ( -20 mm~+100 mm).
{"title":"Analysis of Influencing Factors of Track Static Geometric Deviation of Super-Long-Span HSR Bridge","authors":"M. Gao, Jingjing Yang, Guolong Li, Xianfu Sun, Yunlu Wang, Dongfang Wang","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.1693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1693","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at deformation characteristics of super-span bridge and track in high-speed railway at the acceptance stage, the key factors to track static geometrics are identified, namely the route profile, surrounding temperature, construction deviation and ballast density deviation. According to the study results, the principles of track profile setting is proposed, and the integrated criteria of midpoint chords based on 60 m, 30 m and 10 m is recommended to determine the track target geometric profile. The optimized track adjustment scheme should meet two conditions, first condition is that the irregularity midpoint chord values should not exceed 6 mm/60 m, 3 mm/30 m and 1 mm/10 m, and second condition is that the adjustment range of ballast thickness should be within ( -20 mm~+100 mm).","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125146203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.1231
Yang Xu, Hui Li
Structural health diagnosis has been investigated following a data-driven machine learning paradigm. However, the model accuracy and generalization capability highly rely on the quality and diversity of datasets. This study established a framework for structural health diagnosis under limited supervision. Firstly, an image augmentation algorithm of random elastic deformation, a novel neural network with self-attention and subnet modules, and a task-aware few-shot meta learning method were proposed for vision-based damage recognition. Secondly, deep learning networks were established to model intra- and inter-class temporal and probabilistic correlations of different quasi-static responses for condition assessment. Finally, a two-stage convergence criterion merging with the subset simulation and Kriging surrogate model was designed for reliability evaluation. Real-world applications on large-scale infrastructure demonstrated the effectiveness.
{"title":"Structural Health Diagnosis Under Limited Supervision","authors":"Yang Xu, Hui Li","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1231","url":null,"abstract":"Structural health diagnosis has been investigated following a data-driven machine learning paradigm. However, the model accuracy and generalization capability highly rely on the quality and diversity of datasets. This study established a framework for structural health diagnosis under limited supervision. Firstly, an image augmentation algorithm of random elastic deformation, a novel neural network with self-attention and subnet modules, and a task-aware few-shot meta learning method were proposed for vision-based damage recognition. Secondly, deep learning networks were established to model intra- and inter-class temporal and probabilistic correlations of different quasi-static responses for condition assessment. Finally, a two-stage convergence criterion merging with the subset simulation and Kriging surrogate model was designed for reliability evaluation. Real-world applications on large-scale infrastructure demonstrated the effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125378994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0145
Teng Zhi-Bo
Based on the concept to build a floating bridge being the mixture of bridges and tunnels on anchored submarines, this paper tells a conceptual design of 3x50 Archimedes bridge underwater of BaiYangDian Lake, and also of prospectives on the same type of Archimedes bridge for TaiWan Strait.
{"title":"Archimedes Bridge Underwater of BaiYangDian Lake","authors":"Teng Zhi-Bo","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0145","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the concept to build a floating bridge being the mixture of bridges and tunnels on anchored submarines, this paper tells a conceptual design of 3x50 Archimedes bridge underwater of BaiYangDian Lake, and also of prospectives on the same type of Archimedes bridge for TaiWan Strait.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121533252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2749/nanjing.2022.0556
Lipeng Sun, Yongjian Liu
The steel panels on concrete-filled steel tubular bridge towers are large aspect ratio stiffened plates subject to unilateral restraint from concrete, whose local stability performance can be improved by setting multiple longitudinal stiffeners. In this paper, the elastic buckling coefficient of such a unilaterally restrained stiffened plate was derived using the Ritz method. Then, the critical relative stiffness of the stiffeners was proposed to identify the buckling mode of the plate. Further, the effective area method was proposed to evaluate the ultimate strength of the stiffened plates. The numerical simulation of the unilaterally restrained stiffened plates under axial compression was conducted using the verified finite element models. The results show that the buckling coefficient and effective area method proposed in this paper can evaluate the ultimate strength of unilaterally restrained stiffened plates under axial compression with high accuracy.
{"title":"Buckling behavior of stiffened plates in concrete-filled steel tubular bridge towers","authors":"Lipeng Sun, Yongjian Liu","doi":"10.2749/nanjing.2022.0556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0556","url":null,"abstract":"The steel panels on concrete-filled steel tubular bridge towers are large aspect ratio stiffened plates subject to unilateral restraint from concrete, whose local stability performance can be improved by setting multiple longitudinal stiffeners. In this paper, the elastic buckling coefficient of such a unilaterally restrained stiffened plate was derived using the Ritz method. Then, the critical relative stiffness of the stiffeners was proposed to identify the buckling mode of the plate. Further, the effective area method was proposed to evaluate the ultimate strength of the stiffened plates. The numerical simulation of the unilaterally restrained stiffened plates under axial compression was conducted using the verified finite element models. The results show that the buckling coefficient and effective area method proposed in this paper can evaluate the ultimate strength of unilaterally restrained stiffened plates under axial compression with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":410450,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129029425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：