Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850625
F. Pranjić, Z. Praunseis, P. Virtič
This article describes a comparison of city buses with different powered drives (diesel and electric). The comparison is made on the case of the Municipality of Velenje which has a free public transport. Depending on current prices of energy sources the efficiencies of drives are compared, the purchase price of new vehicles and the cost of operating leasing of buses.
{"title":"Comparison of the efficiency of drives with different energy sources for small city buses","authors":"F. Pranjić, Z. Praunseis, P. Virtič","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850625","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a comparison of city buses with different powered drives (diesel and electric). The comparison is made on the case of the Municipality of Velenje which has a free public transport. Depending on current prices of energy sources the efficiencies of drives are compared, the purchase price of new vehicles and the cost of operating leasing of buses.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133103472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850602
C. Sourkounis, J. Wenske, F. Turki
The importance of electric and hybrid vehicles as a serious alternative to conventional-driven vehicles especially in urban areas increases. But the low capacity of the battery minimizes the use for the long distance. A quick charging time realized by a high power level of 50 kW (compared with a standard charging station) enables a higher range per day. Therefore the development of an infrastructure for high power charging at places with plublic access like motorway service stations is essential for a wide utilization of electric vehicles. This paper deals with different concepts to integrate quick charging stations in areas with weak power grid infrastructure.
{"title":"Multi-functional high power charging stations in weak grids","authors":"C. Sourkounis, J. Wenske, F. Turki","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850602","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of electric and hybrid vehicles as a serious alternative to conventional-driven vehicles especially in urban areas increases. But the low capacity of the battery minimizes the use for the long distance. A quick charging time realized by a high power level of 50 kW (compared with a standard charging station) enables a higher range per day. Therefore the development of an infrastructure for high power charging at places with plublic access like motorway service stations is essential for a wide utilization of electric vehicles. This paper deals with different concepts to integrate quick charging stations in areas with weak power grid infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114743768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850436
I. Žiger, Boris Bojanić, D. Krajtner
The Power Voltage Transformer, which is a single-phase unit used for direct conversion of power from high to low voltage, is becoming more and more relevant for substation application. This is why this paper aims to present the properties and advantages of the open-core design concept, which has been functioning very well for a number of years in inductive voltage and combined instrument transformers, enhancing the transformer reliability and operational safety. Furthermore, the intention is to list the known possible application options of these transformers and finally to succinctly point out the guidelines for future development, which would benefit both the manufacturer and the user.
{"title":"Open-core Power Voltage Transformer: Concept, properties, application","authors":"I. Žiger, Boris Bojanić, D. Krajtner","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850436","url":null,"abstract":"The Power Voltage Transformer, which is a single-phase unit used for direct conversion of power from high to low voltage, is becoming more and more relevant for substation application. This is why this paper aims to present the properties and advantages of the open-core design concept, which has been functioning very well for a number of years in inductive voltage and combined instrument transformers, enhancing the transformer reliability and operational safety. Furthermore, the intention is to list the known possible application options of these transformers and finally to succinctly point out the guidelines for future development, which would benefit both the manufacturer and the user.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123683012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850526
J. Madsen, Thomas le Fevre Kristensen, R. Olsen, H. Schwefel, L. Totu
A smart grid is a complex system consisting of a wide range of electric grid components, entities controlling power distribution, generation and consumption, and a communication network supporting data exchange. This paper focuses on the influence of imperfect network conditions on smart grid controllers, and how this can be counteracted by utilizing Quality of Service (QoS) information from the communication network. Such an interface between grid controller and network QoS is particularly relevant for smart grid scenarios that use third party communication network infrastructure, where modification of networking and lower layer protocols are impossible. This paper defines a middleware solution for adaptation of smart grid control, which uses network QoS information and interacts with the smart grid controller to increase dependability. In order to verify the methodology, an example scenario of a low voltage grid controller is simulated under imperfect network conditions.
{"title":"Utilizing network QoS for dependability of adaptive smart grid control","authors":"J. Madsen, Thomas le Fevre Kristensen, R. Olsen, H. Schwefel, L. Totu","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850526","url":null,"abstract":"A smart grid is a complex system consisting of a wide range of electric grid components, entities controlling power distribution, generation and consumption, and a communication network supporting data exchange. This paper focuses on the influence of imperfect network conditions on smart grid controllers, and how this can be counteracted by utilizing Quality of Service (QoS) information from the communication network. Such an interface between grid controller and network QoS is particularly relevant for smart grid scenarios that use third party communication network infrastructure, where modification of networking and lower layer protocols are impossible. This paper defines a middleware solution for adaptation of smart grid control, which uses network QoS information and interacts with the smart grid controller to increase dependability. In order to verify the methodology, an example scenario of a low voltage grid controller is simulated under imperfect network conditions.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125587848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850603
H. Chale-Gongora, Olivier de Weck, Abdelkrim Doufene, T. Ishimatsu, D. Krob
The steady increase in oil prices and awareness regarding environmental risks due to carbon dioxide emissions are promoting the current interest in electric vehicles. However, the current relatively low driving range (autonomy) of these vehicles, especially compared with the autonomy of existing internal combustion vehicles, remains an obstacle to their development. In order to reassure a driver of an electric vehicle and allow him to reach his destinations beyond the battery capacity, we describe a system which generates an energy plan for the driver. We present in this paper the electric vehicle ecosystem and we focus on the contribution of using the generalized multi-commodity network flow (GMCNF) model as a vehicle routing model that considers energy consumption and charging time in order to ensure the usage of an electric vehicle beyond its embedded autonomy by selecting the best routes to reach the destination with minimal time and/or cost. We also present some perspectives related to the utilization of autonomous electric vehicles and wireless charging systems. We conclude with some open research questions.
{"title":"Planning an itinerary for an electric vehicle","authors":"H. Chale-Gongora, Olivier de Weck, Abdelkrim Doufene, T. Ishimatsu, D. Krob","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850603","url":null,"abstract":"The steady increase in oil prices and awareness regarding environmental risks due to carbon dioxide emissions are promoting the current interest in electric vehicles. However, the current relatively low driving range (autonomy) of these vehicles, especially compared with the autonomy of existing internal combustion vehicles, remains an obstacle to their development. In order to reassure a driver of an electric vehicle and allow him to reach his destinations beyond the battery capacity, we describe a system which generates an energy plan for the driver. We present in this paper the electric vehicle ecosystem and we focus on the contribution of using the generalized multi-commodity network flow (GMCNF) model as a vehicle routing model that considers energy consumption and charging time in order to ensure the usage of an electric vehicle beyond its embedded autonomy by selecting the best routes to reach the destination with minimal time and/or cost. We also present some perspectives related to the utilization of autonomous electric vehicles and wireless charging systems. We conclude with some open research questions.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126430786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850432
Bo Sun, Fengjiang Wu, T. Dragičević, J. Guerrero, J. Vasquez
This paper introduce a seven level grid connected system based on the TRSPWM strategy and a Quasi PR current controller has a good output performance with a fast response and compensation for the low order harmonics in grid. With the multilevel output voltage and a high tracking current strategy with a low-order harmonic compensator, the grid connected system could operate properly in a polluted grid with low order harmonic. The simulation based on MATLAB verify the proposed the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
{"title":"A single phase seven-level grid-connected inverter based on three reference SPWM strategy","authors":"Bo Sun, Fengjiang Wu, T. Dragičević, J. Guerrero, J. Vasquez","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850432","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduce a seven level grid connected system based on the TRSPWM strategy and a Quasi PR current controller has a good output performance with a fast response and compensation for the low order harmonics in grid. With the multilevel output voltage and a high tracking current strategy with a low-order harmonic compensator, the grid connected system could operate properly in a polluted grid with low order harmonic. The simulation based on MATLAB verify the proposed the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130076187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850626
M. Vrazic, D. Vuljaj, Arsen Pavasović, H. Paukovic
For the purpose of researching charging station distribution for electric vehicles it was necessary to estimate the number of electric vehicles, especially cars in Croatia until the year 2020. Electric vehicles are definitely the future of transportation. First these will be cars since they are the most common means of transport. But besides the vehicles, attention should be paid to the best possible preparation in the field of infrastructure. It means that charging stations as well as a different system in vehicles should be standardized. Finally, all that should be built. Of course, different systems and components will be developed at the same time, so it is very hard to predict the future right now. All the above-mentioned greatly depends on the number of electric vehicles predicted for the next 10 years. Of course, the number of electric vehicles that will be sold does not depend only on the offer on the market but also on buyers' purchasing power. Due to everything mentioned so far, it is very hard to predict the number of vehicles sold in the future. On the other hand, such estimations are necessary and they represent the basis for further development of several systems especially infrastructure that needs most time and money for development. This paper will present an estimation of electric vehicle sale in Croatia as well as all the conditions and assumptions used for that estimation.
{"title":"Electric vehicle number assessment for year 2020 in Croatia","authors":"M. Vrazic, D. Vuljaj, Arsen Pavasović, H. Paukovic","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850626","url":null,"abstract":"For the purpose of researching charging station distribution for electric vehicles it was necessary to estimate the number of electric vehicles, especially cars in Croatia until the year 2020. Electric vehicles are definitely the future of transportation. First these will be cars since they are the most common means of transport. But besides the vehicles, attention should be paid to the best possible preparation in the field of infrastructure. It means that charging stations as well as a different system in vehicles should be standardized. Finally, all that should be built. Of course, different systems and components will be developed at the same time, so it is very hard to predict the future right now. All the above-mentioned greatly depends on the number of electric vehicles predicted for the next 10 years. Of course, the number of electric vehicles that will be sold does not depend only on the offer on the market but also on buyers' purchasing power. Due to everything mentioned so far, it is very hard to predict the number of vehicles sold in the future. On the other hand, such estimations are necessary and they represent the basis for further development of several systems especially infrastructure that needs most time and money for development. This paper will present an estimation of electric vehicle sale in Croatia as well as all the conditions and assumptions used for that estimation.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"49 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850618
K. Ostman, M. Hesamzadeh
With renewable energy production increasing around the world, there is a growing need for interconnection to balance intermittent supply. This cross-border trade of electricity requires navigating in multiple regulatory regimes and market designs, not least when it comes to transmission pricing. By considering the Nordic countries as a case study, this paper investigates the impact of different transmission pricing regimes on investment decisions for renewable energy production. A generation expansion problem for wind power is simulated with the current transmission prices in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark applied, along with a baseline case with no transmission pricing differences, to achieve a quantitative comparison. The importance of coherent transmission pricing is demonstrated through the large discrepancy in wind power investments resulting from the two cases studied.
{"title":"Transmission pricing in interconnected systems - A case study of the Nordic countries","authors":"K. Ostman, M. Hesamzadeh","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850618","url":null,"abstract":"With renewable energy production increasing around the world, there is a growing need for interconnection to balance intermittent supply. This cross-border trade of electricity requires navigating in multiple regulatory regimes and market designs, not least when it comes to transmission pricing. By considering the Nordic countries as a case study, this paper investigates the impact of different transmission pricing regimes on investment decisions for renewable energy production. A generation expansion problem for wind power is simulated with the current transmission prices in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark applied, along with a baseline case with no transmission pricing differences, to achieve a quantitative comparison. The importance of coherent transmission pricing is demonstrated through the large discrepancy in wind power investments resulting from the two cases studied.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115929607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850466
I. Munteanu, G. Besançon
This paper deals with off-shore wind park model identification for output power prediction purpose. The investigated solution is based upon identifying the so-called wind deficiency factor for each turbine and for each wind direction sector. This is done by employing the effective wind speed concept that can establish a link between output power of a wind turbine and the meteorological mast measures. Numerical simulations show the feasibility of the proposed approach.
{"title":"Prediction of wind park output power based on turbine effective wind speed - a model identification approach","authors":"I. Munteanu, G. Besançon","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850466","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with off-shore wind park model identification for output power prediction purpose. The investigated solution is based upon identifying the so-called wind deficiency factor for each turbine and for each wind direction sector. This is done by employing the effective wind speed concept that can establish a link between output power of a wind turbine and the meteorological mast measures. Numerical simulations show the feasibility of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121352675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850468
Shuping Dang, Jiahong Ju, L. Baker, A. Gholamzadeh, Yizhi Li
The power demand over the electrical power system and smart grid is a random function in the time domain which is affected by a larger number of stochastic factors, for example weather, date and economy as well as a series of unpredictable human factors. Therefore, the most convenient and efficient methodology to forecast the power demand is a stochastic model based on statistics and fuzzy mathematics, because it can merge all complex factors which are difficult or even impossible to be modelled mathematically into an appropriate correction variable. In this paper, we will introduce a hybrid forecasting model of power demand which separates the forecasting process into three stages, i.e. long-term, middle-term and short-term analysis. Most of the long-term factors will be combined in a comprehensive correction factor for the middle-term stage. In the middle-term stage the forecasting mechanism integrates several different forecasting principles and methods to produce a combined forecasting result and dynamically adjusts its forecasting scheme by different weights for different forecasting methods by measuring and comparing the forecasting result and its corresponding practical measurement. By this self-adapting algorithm, the forecasting model is able to forecast the next 24-hour power demand via using the historical data obtained in its database. In the short-term stage, a fine adjustment mechanism will be involved to enhance the reliability and robustness of the holistic forecasting mechanism.
{"title":"Hybrid forecasting model of power demand based on three-stage synthesis and stochastically self-adapting mechanism","authors":"Shuping Dang, Jiahong Ju, L. Baker, A. Gholamzadeh, Yizhi Li","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850468","url":null,"abstract":"The power demand over the electrical power system and smart grid is a random function in the time domain which is affected by a larger number of stochastic factors, for example weather, date and economy as well as a series of unpredictable human factors. Therefore, the most convenient and efficient methodology to forecast the power demand is a stochastic model based on statistics and fuzzy mathematics, because it can merge all complex factors which are difficult or even impossible to be modelled mathematically into an appropriate correction variable. In this paper, we will introduce a hybrid forecasting model of power demand which separates the forecasting process into three stages, i.e. long-term, middle-term and short-term analysis. Most of the long-term factors will be combined in a comprehensive correction factor for the middle-term stage. In the middle-term stage the forecasting mechanism integrates several different forecasting principles and methods to produce a combined forecasting result and dynamically adjusts its forecasting scheme by different weights for different forecasting methods by measuring and comparing the forecasting result and its corresponding practical measurement. By this self-adapting algorithm, the forecasting model is able to forecast the next 24-hour power demand via using the historical data obtained in its database. In the short-term stage, a fine adjustment mechanism will be involved to enhance the reliability and robustness of the holistic forecasting mechanism.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127108621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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