Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850464
A. Maglaras, F. Topalis, L. Maglaras, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Kyriaki D. Tsilika
The present paper aims to the investigation of the methods used to optimize and predict via simulation the values of the Corona onset voltage, the Corona current and the Breakdown voltage in small rod-plate air gaps when stressed by dc voltage. The main factors which influence greatly the distribution of the electric field in the gap, and hence the above values are the geometry and the selection of grounding and charging of the electrodes, (ground effect), the polarity effect, the gap length, and the Corona effects appearing prior to breakdown. Combining theoretical, simulation and experimental work, it is resulted that: a) The electrode chosen to be ground, strongly influences the distribution of the field and the Corona effects and hence the values of the Corona onset, the Corona current and breakdown voltage. b) Minimum values of the Corona onset voltage and maximum values of the Corona current and the breakdown voltage were defined in relation to the geometry of the gap and in connection to the effects of grounding, polarity and Corona current. c) It is proven that it can be predicted by means of simulation analysis whether an air gap will lead to Corona or breakdown, and it can also be predicted which specific arrangement of a rod-plate air gap must be chosen in order to maximize the Corona current when a voltage of a certain value is applied.
{"title":"Optimization and prediction of dielectric behavior of small air gaps stressed by DC voltages","authors":"A. Maglaras, F. Topalis, L. Maglaras, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Kyriaki D. Tsilika","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850464","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims to the investigation of the methods used to optimize and predict via simulation the values of the Corona onset voltage, the Corona current and the Breakdown voltage in small rod-plate air gaps when stressed by dc voltage. The main factors which influence greatly the distribution of the electric field in the gap, and hence the above values are the geometry and the selection of grounding and charging of the electrodes, (ground effect), the polarity effect, the gap length, and the Corona effects appearing prior to breakdown. Combining theoretical, simulation and experimental work, it is resulted that: a) The electrode chosen to be ground, strongly influences the distribution of the field and the Corona effects and hence the values of the Corona onset, the Corona current and breakdown voltage. b) Minimum values of the Corona onset voltage and maximum values of the Corona current and the breakdown voltage were defined in relation to the geometry of the gap and in connection to the effects of grounding, polarity and Corona current. c) It is proven that it can be predicted by means of simulation analysis whether an air gap will lead to Corona or breakdown, and it can also be predicted which specific arrangement of a rod-plate air gap must be chosen in order to maximize the Corona current when a voltage of a certain value is applied.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123184643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850463
J. Magnusson, J. Martinez-Velasco, A. Bissal, G. Engdahl, L. Liljestrand
The connection of distributed generation increases the short circuit power which in turn might exceed the ratings of the installed circuit breakers. A solution is to limit the available short circuit power by increasing the grid impedance, but since there is a constant strive for lower losses and higher power transfer capabilities, this is not desired. The application of a fault current limiter (FCL) that can limit the current before the first peak enables a power system with high short circuit power and low short circuit current. This can increase the stability of the grid and reduce the requirements of other equipment. This work presents a simulation model to be used as an aid in the design of a hybrid FCL for a 12 kV AC system. The proposed model combines a transient analysis circuit model with an optimization module to obtain multiple sets of possible design parameters. The design is not straight forward since there is a trade-off between several of the design parameters.
{"title":"Optimal design of a medium voltage hybrid fault current limiter","authors":"J. Magnusson, J. Martinez-Velasco, A. Bissal, G. Engdahl, L. Liljestrand","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850463","url":null,"abstract":"The connection of distributed generation increases the short circuit power which in turn might exceed the ratings of the installed circuit breakers. A solution is to limit the available short circuit power by increasing the grid impedance, but since there is a constant strive for lower losses and higher power transfer capabilities, this is not desired. The application of a fault current limiter (FCL) that can limit the current before the first peak enables a power system with high short circuit power and low short circuit current. This can increase the stability of the grid and reduce the requirements of other equipment. This work presents a simulation model to be used as an aid in the design of a hybrid FCL for a 12 kV AC system. The proposed model combines a transient analysis circuit model with an optimization module to obtain multiple sets of possible design parameters. The design is not straight forward since there is a trade-off between several of the design parameters.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126420187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850433
E. Arslan, S. Sakar, M. Balci
Power transformers are traditionally designed for their utilization in sinusoidal voltage and current conditions. However, the non-linear loads are largely proliferated in the modern power systems. Thus, pec (point of common coupling) voltages and line currents usually have harmonically distorted or non-sinusoidal waveshapes. This study focuses on the parametrical analysis of transformer no-load loss under the excitation voltage with several sub-harmonic contents. For this aim, a computationally efficient technique is developed by combining both the harmonic-domain model of transformer windings and Finite Element Method (FEM) based modeling of transformer core. The obtained simulation results figured out that effect of sub-harmonic voltages on the transformer core loss is negligible. However, it is also seen that small amount of sub-harmonic voltages may highly contribute the winding loss under the no-load condition, and they should carefully be handled for the derating of power transformers.
{"title":"On the no-load loss of power transformers under voltages with sub-harmonics","authors":"E. Arslan, S. Sakar, M. Balci","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850433","url":null,"abstract":"Power transformers are traditionally designed for their utilization in sinusoidal voltage and current conditions. However, the non-linear loads are largely proliferated in the modern power systems. Thus, pec (point of common coupling) voltages and line currents usually have harmonically distorted or non-sinusoidal waveshapes. This study focuses on the parametrical analysis of transformer no-load loss under the excitation voltage with several sub-harmonic contents. For this aim, a computationally efficient technique is developed by combining both the harmonic-domain model of transformer windings and Finite Element Method (FEM) based modeling of transformer core. The obtained simulation results figured out that effect of sub-harmonic voltages on the transformer core loss is negligible. However, it is also seen that small amount of sub-harmonic voltages may highly contribute the winding loss under the no-load condition, and they should carefully be handled for the derating of power transformers.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122248779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850482
D. Surmann, U. Ligges, C. Weihs
Due to market integration, energy trading and the stronger weighting on renewable energies, the European electrical transmission system operates increasingly close to its operational limits. A potential of the usable bandwidth is a part of the energy that oscillates with low frequency through the electrical transmission system. Our analysis leads to a new model which uses connected mechanical harmonic oscillators to describe the low frequency in the transmission system. The verification of this system of differential equations is done by comparison to a well established and much more complex simulation system used at the ie3 of TU Dortmund University. The derived model is capable to process data from a Co-Simulator without any data preparation, which is an important requirement to link the statistical analysis in an on-line environment.
{"title":"Modelling low frequency oscillations in an electrical system","authors":"D. Surmann, U. Ligges, C. Weihs","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850482","url":null,"abstract":"Due to market integration, energy trading and the stronger weighting on renewable energies, the European electrical transmission system operates increasingly close to its operational limits. A potential of the usable bandwidth is a part of the energy that oscillates with low frequency through the electrical transmission system. Our analysis leads to a new model which uses connected mechanical harmonic oscillators to describe the low frequency in the transmission system. The verification of this system of differential equations is done by comparison to a well established and much more complex simulation system used at the ie3 of TU Dortmund University. The derived model is capable to process data from a Co-Simulator without any data preparation, which is an important requirement to link the statistical analysis in an on-line environment.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121063959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850521
István Pintér, Lóránt Kovács, A. Oláh, Rajmund Drenyovszki, David Tisza, Kálmán Tornai
In Smart Grids the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) could be used to better manage both consumption and production of electricity. The increasing presence of renewable energy sources in production and the permeation of novel consumption types (e.g. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)) will obviously cause the increase the fluctuation of electrical energy. One possible solution to these problems is development of novel methods for investigating electrical power consumption data series. As the existing learning algorithms of pattern classification are suitable for discovering internal structures of large datasets, it is important to generate a training/testing/validation learning database from existing measurements (e.g. from smart meters), actually via segmentation and labeling by hand. In this paper we propose a novel method for the automatic segmentation with a predefined confidence level. The algorithm is based on the generalized Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD), and it estimates the change-points (CPTs) in electrical power consumption data. Both the method and some recent results in segmenting one household's power consumption data are presented in this paper.
{"title":"Automatic segmentation of electricity consumption data series with Jensen-Shannon divergence","authors":"István Pintér, Lóránt Kovács, A. Oláh, Rajmund Drenyovszki, David Tisza, Kálmán Tornai","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850521","url":null,"abstract":"In Smart Grids the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) could be used to better manage both consumption and production of electricity. The increasing presence of renewable energy sources in production and the permeation of novel consumption types (e.g. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)) will obviously cause the increase the fluctuation of electrical energy. One possible solution to these problems is development of novel methods for investigating electrical power consumption data series. As the existing learning algorithms of pattern classification are suitable for discovering internal structures of large datasets, it is important to generate a training/testing/validation learning database from existing measurements (e.g. from smart meters), actually via segmentation and labeling by hand. In this paper we propose a novel method for the automatic segmentation with a predefined confidence level. The algorithm is based on the generalized Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD), and it estimates the change-points (CPTs) in electrical power consumption data. Both the method and some recent results in segmenting one household's power consumption data are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116222372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850573
A. Lazari, C. Charalambous
This paper outlines a holistic approach to evaluate the Total Ownership Cost (TOC) of distribution transformers. Particular emphasis is given in modelling the forecasted fossil fuel prices that subsequently influence the demand and the energy component of the cost of losses. The fuel prices are statistically calculated as per the specific fuel used (or would be used) in the generation mix of the system over the life-cycle of the transformer under study The method refers on vertically-integrated systems where the generation, transmission and distribution facilities are owned either by private regulated utilities or by public companies/ government agencies.
{"title":"Integrating fossil fuel mix and pricing in evaluating the Total Ownership Cost of distribution transformers of vertically integrated utilities","authors":"A. Lazari, C. Charalambous","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850573","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines a holistic approach to evaluate the Total Ownership Cost (TOC) of distribution transformers. Particular emphasis is given in modelling the forecasted fossil fuel prices that subsequently influence the demand and the energy component of the cost of losses. The fuel prices are statistically calculated as per the specific fuel used (or would be used) in the generation mix of the system over the life-cycle of the transformer under study The method refers on vertically-integrated systems where the generation, transmission and distribution facilities are owned either by private regulated utilities or by public companies/ government agencies.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121819103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850582
G. Cipnani, V. Di Dio, D. La Cascia, F. Lo Bue, R. Miceli, G. Sauba, C. Spataro
The paper provides the data collected, the architecture and the conceived scenarios for the development of an Energy Consumptions/Generations Model. This model is suitable for the modeling, processing, analyzing and forecasting of energy consumption and generation at home, building and neighborhood level. Data are from the Census Returns, Electoral Registers & Council of the real town of Loughborough (U.K.). The architecture conceived describes the real distribution system which supplies the Loughborough geographic area. The scenarios considered take into account both traditional dwellings (equipped with dumb appliances) and new dwellings (equipped with smart networked appliances).
{"title":"Energy Consumption/Generation Model: Data collected, architecture conceived and scenarios addressed","authors":"G. Cipnani, V. Di Dio, D. La Cascia, F. Lo Bue, R. Miceli, G. Sauba, C. Spataro","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850582","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides the data collected, the architecture and the conceived scenarios for the development of an Energy Consumptions/Generations Model. This model is suitable for the modeling, processing, analyzing and forecasting of energy consumption and generation at home, building and neighborhood level. Data are from the Census Returns, Electoral Registers & Council of the real town of Loughborough (U.K.). The architecture conceived describes the real distribution system which supplies the Loughborough geographic area. The scenarios considered take into account both traditional dwellings (equipped with dumb appliances) and new dwellings (equipped with smart networked appliances).","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131475830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850448
Marko Matosović, Z. Tomsic
Optimization of power generation technology mix using portfolio theory is related to finding the optimal set of technologies under acceptable level of (price) risk which will provide minimal cost of electricity production for the generation company, or provide maximum profit. On the other hand, a generation company can set the cost of production as a fixed parameter, and then look for optimal set of technologies which would minimize price risk.The classical approach to power generation mix optimization considers renewable energy as a generation technology without price risk, or to a certain extent considers that risk being very small. In this work intermittency of renewable energy sources and accuracy in the day-ahead forecast was taken into account in the evaluation of price risk of those technologies. Energy not delivered because of wrong forecast must be bought on the balancing market and poses a burden on the price of production from those technologies. Portfolio optimization is performed using mean-LPM approach and compared to the results given by mean-variance approach. The results of the optimization show that based on the historical prices mean-variance and mean-LPM optimization give similar results only in case of second order LPM. Other orders of lower partial moments can account for risk aversion of the investor or decision maker.
{"title":"Power generation mix optimization using mean-lower partial moments (LPM) portfolio theory","authors":"Marko Matosović, Z. Tomsic","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850448","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization of power generation technology mix using portfolio theory is related to finding the optimal set of technologies under acceptable level of (price) risk which will provide minimal cost of electricity production for the generation company, or provide maximum profit. On the other hand, a generation company can set the cost of production as a fixed parameter, and then look for optimal set of technologies which would minimize price risk.The classical approach to power generation mix optimization considers renewable energy as a generation technology without price risk, or to a certain extent considers that risk being very small. In this work intermittency of renewable energy sources and accuracy in the day-ahead forecast was taken into account in the evaluation of price risk of those technologies. Energy not delivered because of wrong forecast must be bought on the balancing market and poses a burden on the price of production from those technologies. Portfolio optimization is performed using mean-LPM approach and compared to the results given by mean-variance approach. The results of the optimization show that based on the historical prices mean-variance and mean-LPM optimization give similar results only in case of second order LPM. Other orders of lower partial moments can account for risk aversion of the investor or decision maker.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"71 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128011788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850590
Martin P. Marietta, M. Graells, J. Guerrero
In this work an Energy Management System (EMS) prototype for an isolated renewable-based microgrid is presented. The proposed management model not only considers the management of energy sources (generation) but also includes the possibility of flexible timing of energy consumptions (demand management) by modelling controllable and uncontrollable loads. The EMS consists of two stages: first a deterministic management model is formulated and subsequently is integrated into a rolling horizon control strategy, in which the actions on microgrid devices respond to an optimization criterion related to the estimation of the future system behaviour that is continually predicted by updatable forecasts in order to reduce uncertainty in both, production capacity and energy demand. Finally, this contribution presents and discusses a case study where the results of the operation with and without optimal demand management for the same group of loads are evaluated.
{"title":"A rolling horizon rescheduling strategy for flexible energy in a microgrid","authors":"Martin P. Marietta, M. Graells, J. Guerrero","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850590","url":null,"abstract":"In this work an Energy Management System (EMS) prototype for an isolated renewable-based microgrid is presented. The proposed management model not only considers the management of energy sources (generation) but also includes the possibility of flexible timing of energy consumptions (demand management) by modelling controllable and uncontrollable loads. The EMS consists of two stages: first a deterministic management model is formulated and subsequently is integrated into a rolling horizon control strategy, in which the actions on microgrid devices respond to an optimization criterion related to the estimation of the future system behaviour that is continually predicted by updatable forecasts in order to reduce uncertainty in both, production capacity and energy demand. Finally, this contribution presents and discusses a case study where the results of the operation with and without optimal demand management for the same group of loads are evaluated.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132929237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-13DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850623
Z. Hasirci, I. Cavdar
This paper reports on the communication possibilities of high power busbar systems as a part of smart grid concept. A compact structure busbar system (3 m length) is modelled physically and carried out by an EM analysis simulation tool based on methods of moments. Scattering parameters of the busbar system are obtained for three different port connections: L1-Neutral, L2-Neutral and L3-Neutral. All simulation studies are conducted at three power line communication (PLC) frequency bands: CENELEC, FCC and Broadband. The results are presented in graphical form. The forward gain |S21| lies in the range (-0.00014) - (-0.004) dB, (- 0.0016) - (-0.03 dB), and (-0.04) - (-7.3) dB for CENELEC, FCC and Broadband, respectively. The phase and amplitude characteristics of the busbar system have a linear distribution at narrowband. However, there is a discontinuity at the resonance frequency for broadband. It causes not only the capacitive effect but also inductive effect on the system.
{"title":"Modeling of high power busbar systems for power line communications","authors":"Z. Hasirci, I. Cavdar","doi":"10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850623","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the communication possibilities of high power busbar systems as a part of smart grid concept. A compact structure busbar system (3 m length) is modelled physically and carried out by an EM analysis simulation tool based on methods of moments. Scattering parameters of the busbar system are obtained for three different port connections: L1-Neutral, L2-Neutral and L3-Neutral. All simulation studies are conducted at three power line communication (PLC) frequency bands: CENELEC, FCC and Broadband. The results are presented in graphical form. The forward gain |S21| lies in the range (-0.00014) - (-0.004) dB, (- 0.0016) - (-0.03 dB), and (-0.04) - (-7.3) dB for CENELEC, FCC and Broadband, respectively. The phase and amplitude characteristics of the busbar system have a linear distribution at narrowband. However, there is a discontinuity at the resonance frequency for broadband. It causes not only the capacitive effect but also inductive effect on the system.","PeriodicalId":410611,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134431331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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