Medecine & Droit最新文献

Among the medical, scientific and ethical questions raised by in vitro fertilization (IVF), those concerning the medium and long-term health of children and young adults thus conceived are essential. Forty-five years after the birth of the first child and while more than 8 million people in the world have been conceived by IVF, the National Academy of Medicine has devoted a report to this theme, mainly analysing the results of numerous international studies. The published results are rather reassuring but they are not always consistent and many uncertainties remain. The Academy of Medicine calls for further epidemiological and clinical studies in better characterized populations and at later ages of life. The Academy also recommends developing basic research to better explain the potential effects of IVF.

The column on hospitalization psychiatric or hospitalization without consent analyses main decisions of the Court concerning the privation of fundamental rights and freedoms of psychiatric patient. This column will cover main decisions from September to December 2022.

It is important to combat diseases of animal origin, particularly in the light of climatic and environmental disturbances, which can have an impact on human health and the survival of species. There are various human and animal health surveillance systems at global, European and French. Within these systems, wild animals, although an essential element in the transmission of diseases, occupy only a marginal place in France. Monitoring wildlife health is primarily the responsibility of hunters. Their surveillance, data collection and warning systems lack links with human health surveillance systems. From foreign examples, this article suggests a number of ways in which wildlife surveillance systems can be better integrated into human health surveillance systems, with a view to building comprehensive surveillance and warning systems capable of responding more effectively to epidemic risks linked to the rapid transformation of our ecosystems.

Analyse the doctor's role relative to diseases formerly qualified as venereal on the one hand, to aphrodisiac remedies on the other, reveals the existing tension between the care of the social body and the human body, between public and individual health. The evolution of the medical law relating to carnal love demonstrates a significant evolution in this area. By redefining iatric activities, in other words those that come under the art of the doctor, it questions the definition of medicine itself.

At a time when the legislator is preparing to modify the Claeys Léonetti law, it seems useful to recall the legislation in force for minors and the ethical issues of the debate. If the decision to limit or stop active therapy (LATA) concerns a minor, the opinion of the holders of parental authority is requested, unless the emergency makes this consultation impossible. On the other hand, there is no legislative or regulatory obligation to obtain parental consent. The Council of State and the Constitutional Council have opened the way to a complex dispute to understand for caregivers who must, at the request of justice, continue care, which they consider to be unreasonable obstinacy. We will study four cases concerning minors judged by the French Council of State.

With the advancement of neurolaw and the discovery of new secrets of the brain, criminal justice systems have made significant progress in justice, employing neuroscience findings. A crucial application of neuroscience techniques in the Islamic criminal law system is to explain the dimensions of human free will from the perspective of neuropsychology, which in addition to creating a new approach to defining this element of criminal responsibility, can ensure the free will of the accused during the commitment of the crime. For this purpose, the current research is an attempt to answer these questions in the framework of Iran's criminal justice system: what is free will from the perspective of Islamic neurolaw, and what are the causes of the loss of free will? This article strives to take an appropriate step towards the development of criminal justice, and introduces Islamic neurolaw. In this study we found that mental disorders, coercion, emergency, drunkenness, somnambulism, and error are the core causes that can be assessed in specific ways using EEG and fMRI techniques, although each has limitations.

This study aims to carry out a specific action on the rehabilitation path, with the support of the service of social work and housing, systematizing a thorough analysis of each long-term hospitalization situation. An integrated global management in a rehabilitation pathway can only be conceived by a better identification of the factors of complexity and variables likely to change, an organization regularly readjusted, and collaborative work between relevant departments. Extra-hospital facilities play an essential role in the prospects of exits, which requires that the care system be equipped with a rapid relay capacity towards a readmission, that the care accompaniment be efficient and that the patient's care project be adapted to his needs. The closure of intra-hospital rehabilitation units may result in many hospitalized patients no longer having access to the specialized rehabilitation services they need.

With his decision of 22th august 2022, the Justice ministry modified the list of specialities relative to legal experts, created in 2005, intended for the establishment of annual list of experts by each court of appeal. In this list, we find legal experts of health field: medical professions, medical auxiliaries and regulated professions as psychologists and osteopathic physicians. In the last nomenclature, it was missing one specific specialty about osteopath. The decision changes this problem with the creation of not one category for osteopaths, but two. So, does two categories are really better? And if yes, for who?