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Médecine esthétique et population LGBTQIA+ : spécificités, pressions sociales et défis pour le praticien LGBTQIA+人群美容医学：从业人员的特殊性、社会压力和挑战
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.12.001
Mohamed Boumaiza
By opening up to the LGBTQIA+ community, aesthetic medicine is addressing demands that go far beyond the mere pursuit of beauty. These requests relate to identity affirmation, social recognition, and symbolic repair. Gay men, influenced by social media and dating apps, experience strong pressure to maintain youthfulness and muscularity. Transgender individuals view aesthetic procedures as a key tool for achieving gender congruence, within a context often shaped by issues of “passing” and unequal access to care. Among some lesbian women, a tension emerges between resistance to normative beauty standards and the valorization of hyperfemininity. Queer, non-binary, and gender-fluid identities use aesthetics to deconstruct binary codes. Finally, social media further amplifies the commodification of bodies. Faced with these complex dynamics, the practitioner must combine technical expertise, cultural sensitivity, and ethical awareness.
通过向LGBTQIA+社区开放，美容医学正在解决远远超出单纯追求美丽的需求。这些要求涉及身份肯定、社会认可和符号修复。受社交媒体和约会应用的影响，男同性恋者承受着保持年轻和肌肉发达的巨大压力。跨性别者将审美过程视为实现性别一致性的关键工具，在一个通常由“传递”和不平等获得护理的问题所塑造的背景下。在一些女同性恋女性中，一种矛盾出现在对规范审美标准的抵制和对超女性化的推崇之间。酷儿、非二元和性别流动的身份认同用美学解构二元代码。最后，社交媒体进一步放大了身体的商品化。面对这些复杂的动态，从业者必须结合技术专长、文化敏感性和道德意识。
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引用次数: 0
Protection des renseignements de santé au Québec : droit comparé France–Canada et contexte historique 魁北克的健康信息保护：法加法律比较及其历史背景
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.11.001
Schallum Pierre Ph.D. (Professionnel de recherche, Chargé de cours, Membre du comité d’éthique du CHU de Québec – Université Laval, Membre du comité ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 sur l’intelligence artificielle)
Quebec has undertaken a major modernization of its health information protection framework with the adoption of Law 5 (2023) and Law 25 (2021), establishing among the most rigorous protections in the world. These reforms are inspired by the European General Data Protection Regulation while reflecting Quebec's civil law tradition and distinctive ethical values. This transformation occurs in a context of accelerated digitization with the deployment of a digital health record. The article examines the historical context of these laws, analyzes the French and European framework, compares Quebec, French and Canadian interprovincial approaches, and identifies Quebec's ethical specificity placing dignity and autonomy as cornerstones. The comparison reveals that Quebec offers theoretically stronger protection with more extensive individual rights, stricter consent requirements and Data Minimization, but faces practical enforcement challenges. The French framework benefits from mature enforcement and regulatory certainty. The analysis highlights the fundamental tension between health data fluidity and robust privacy protection, and the challenges of balancing protection and practicability in the digital age.
魁北克通过了第5号法（2023年）和第25号法（2021年），对其健康信息保护框架进行了重大现代化改造，确立了世界上最严格的保护措施之一。这些改革受到欧洲通用数据保护条例的启发，同时反映了魁北克的民法传统和独特的道德价值观。随着数字健康记录的部署，这种转变发生在加速数字化的背景下。本文考察了这些法律的历史背景，分析了法国和欧洲的框架，比较了魁北克、法国和加拿大的跨省方法，并确定了魁北克的伦理特殊性，将尊严和自治作为基石。比较表明，魁北克在理论上提供了更强大的保护，包括更广泛的个人权利、更严格的同意要求和数据最小化，但在实际执行中面临挑战。法国的框架受益于成熟的执法和监管确定性。该分析强调了健康数据流动性和强大的隐私保护之间的根本紧张关系，以及在数字时代平衡保护和实用性的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Le plaignant et le professionnel de santé : naissance d’un couple disciplinaire ordinal 申诉人与保健专业人员：形成正常的纪律伙伴关系
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.09.001
Benoît Le Dévédec (Docteur en droit (Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas), Chercheur associé (Université de Lille))
Ordinal disciplinary procedures in the healthcare professions have long excluded the complainant, limiting them to a role of mere initiator without the status of a party. Inspired by the criminal justice model, these procedures aimed more at protecting the profession than compensating harm. Since the Kouchner Law of March 4, 2002, the complainant has acquired new rights: the ability to appeal, challenge decisions, and in some cases, be recognized as a party. The Conseil d’État has gradually endorsed this development by allowing appeals before the Court of Cassation. This transformation also affects other regulated professions, although lawyers remain more reluctant. A new model is emerging, in which the complainant and the healthcare professional form a true disciplinary pair, signaling the end of an exclusively corporatist form of justice.
长期以来，保健专业的常规纪律程序将申诉人排除在外，将其限制为仅仅是发起者的角色，而不具有当事人的地位。受刑事司法模式的启发，这些程序的目的更多是保护律师职业，而不是赔偿损害。自2002年3月4日的《库什内法》以来，申诉人获得了新的权利：上诉、质疑裁决的能力，在某些情况下，被承认为当事人的能力。État法院通过允许向最高上诉法院提出上诉，逐渐赞同了这一发展。这种转变也影响到其他受监管的职业，尽管律师们仍然不太情愿。一种新的模式正在出现，在这种模式中，投诉人和医疗保健专业人员形成了真正的纪律配对，这标志着专门的社团主义司法形式的终结。
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引用次数: 0
La fin de vie en droit qatarien : une quête d’équilibre et d’harmonie 卡塔尔法律的终结：对平衡与和谐的追求
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.08.002
Sonia Elleuch Ep Mallek, Ines Amouri
End of life care under Qatari law has specific features that reflect the unique society and culture of Qatar. It remains in compliance with the universal values enshrined in international conventions and Constitution. The existing framework is built upon a network of norms, in which the internal regulations of the Hamad Medical Center play a significant role. This system reflects an approach that goes beyond mere patient protection, aiming to establish a delicate balance between various legal, social, ethical, and religious imperatives. Within this complex balance, the family and religious commandments retain a central place. The system thus harmonizes with the values of the Qatari legal order. However, the need for legislation on end-of-life issues is crucial, as the internal regulations’ guidelines are not sufficient to resolve all the problems that arise.
卡塔尔法律规定的临终关怀具有具体的特点，反映了卡塔尔独特的社会和文化。它仍然符合各项国际公约和《宪法》所载的普遍价值。现有框架建立在规范网络的基础上，其中哈马德医疗中心的内部规章发挥着重要作用。这一制度反映了一种超越患者保护的方法，旨在在各种法律、社会、伦理和宗教要求之间建立微妙的平衡。在这种复杂的平衡中，家庭和宗教戒律保持着中心地位。因此，该制度与卡塔尔法律秩序的价值观相协调。然而，关于生命终结问题的立法是至关重要的，因为内部法规的指导方针不足以解决所有出现的问题。
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引用次数: 0
L’intégration de la santé environnementale dans les missions de la HAS 将环境卫生纳入HAS任务
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.01.009
Sara Brimo
The integration of environmental health into the missions of the High Authority of Health seems obvious today as the issues linked to this question are now so significant. However, this integration appears, in many respects, still latent due to its lack of normative and institutional concretization.
将环境卫生纳入卫生高级当局的任务在今天看来是显而易见的，因为与这个问题有关的问题现在是如此重要。然而，由于缺乏规范和制度的具体化，这种整合在许多方面似乎仍然是潜在的。
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引用次数: 0
La maternité en prison 监狱里的母亲
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.08.001
Marie Jutteau (Infirmière, éthicienne)
Motherhood in prison reveals a deep tension between the fundamental rights of incarcerated women and those of their children. A minority and often rendered invisible, incarcerated mothers face an environment ill-suited to their specific needs, despite a legal framework that seeks to preserve the mother-child bond through sentence adjustments and access to healthcare. In practice, these measures remain limited, hindered by logistical, financial, and human constraints. The confinement, isolation, and loss of autonomy imposed by imprisonment degrade the quality of the emotional and educational bond, compromising both the child's and the mother's development and well-being. Daily life in detention, governed by strict rules and intrusive practices, reinforces the child's marginalization and prevents the mother from fully exercising her parental role. This paradox, between recognized parental authority and the impossibility of exercising it, raises major ethical issues. Rethinking motherhood in prison requires making the best interests of the child and parenting a central focus of prison policies, within a perspective of sustainable and humane reintegration.
监狱中的母性表明，被监禁妇女的基本权利与其子女的基本权利之间存在着深刻的紧张关系。尽管法律框架旨在通过量刑调整和获得医疗保健来维护母子关系，但仍有少数被监禁的母亲所处的环境不适合她们的特殊需求，她们往往被忽视。在实践中，这些措施仍然有限，受到后勤、财政和人力限制的阻碍。监禁造成的禁闭、隔离和丧失自主权降低了情感和教育纽带的质量，损害了儿童和母亲的发展和福祉。在拘留所的日常生活受到严格的规则和侵入性的做法的支配，这加强了儿童的边缘化，并使母亲无法充分发挥其父母的作用。这种公认的父母权威与不可能行使这种权威之间的矛盾，引发了重大的伦理问题。重新思考监狱中的母性，需要从可持续和人道的重新融入社会的角度，将儿童的最大利益和养育子女作为监狱政策的中心重点。
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引用次数: 0
Douleurs et Souffrances de l’Antiquité au XXIe siècle 从古代到21世纪的痛苦和苦难
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.06.001
La rédaction
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引用次数: 0
Régulation de l’offre en santé et influence croissante de la Haute Autorité de santé 对保健供应的管制和卫生高级当局日益增长的影响
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.01.002
Valérie Guichard
The deployment of quality health pathways is an ambition affirmed by the State and the HAS in the National Health Strategy which must be reaffirmed in the future but also declined both under the aegis of the HAS and by those who provide it effective implementation in the territories. The strengthening of standards of quality and safety of care is deployed both as a requirement of the new regime of authorizations for care activities and in the structuring of graduated care sectors, the basis for the creation of regional hospital groups.
部署高质量的保健途径是国家和行政当局在《国家保健战略》中确认的一项目标，今后必须重申这一目标，但在行政当局的支持下以及在各领土内有效执行这一战略的人的支持下，这一目标也有所下降。加强护理质量和安全标准是作为新的护理活动授权制度的一项要求和作为建立区域医院集团的基础的分级护理部门的结构而部署的。
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引用次数: 0
Des actes dits « souples » au traitement acrobatique : Hes à la HAS ? 从所谓的“软”行为到杂技治疗：Hes a la HAS ？
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2025.01.003
Louise Viezzi Parent (doctorante en Droit Public)
If acts of soft law – the latter being considered as “an attenuated form of law” -, including those of the HAS, have a priori, non-existent legal force, it appears from their effects that they have today and de facto, a binding political and functional force.
如果软法行为- -后者被认为是“一种弱化的法律形式”- -包括行政当局的行为，具有先天的、不存在的法律效力，那么从它们的效果来看，它们在今天和事实上具有一种具有约束力的政治和功能力量。
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引用次数: 0
Entre pouvoir et autorité : des pairs experts aux tiers-experts 权力与权威：从专家同行到第三方专家
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Medecine & Droit
Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddro.2024.12.001
François Vialla (Chaire Epione, droit, santé, société et territoires)
Although it reached its peak during the health crisis, the invasive presence of experts is a phenomenon that goes back a long way. It has accelerated considerably as a result of the hyper-medicalisation of our societies and the growing complexity of our healthcare system. The figure of the expert, his role and the scope of what he has to say have changed considerably, particularly in the healthcare environment. These metamorphoses are just as perceptible in the healthcare relationship as in public action, which oscillates between ‘epistocracy’ and ‘technocracy’.
尽管在卫生危机期间达到了顶峰，但专家的侵入性存在是一种由来已久的现象。由于我们社会的高度医疗化和我们医疗体系的日益复杂，它已经大大加速了。专家的形象、他的角色和他必须说的范围已经发生了很大的变化，特别是在医疗保健环境中。这些蜕变在医疗保健关系中就像在公共行动中一样明显，在“官僚主义”和“技术官僚主义”之间摇摆。
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引用次数: 0
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