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2015 1st Workshop on Nanotechnology in Instrumentation and Measurement (NANOFIM)最新文献

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CVD Diamond Photo-Thermionic Cathodes for High Temperature Solar Cells 高温太阳能电池用CVD金刚石光热离子阴极
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425279
A. Bellucci, P. Calvani, M. Girolami, D. M. Trucchi
A diamond-based photo-thermionic cathode for future high-temperature concentrating solar cells was designed and fabricated. A specific cathode structure is discussed in terms of band diagram, introduction of defect energy states, and nanotechnology fabrication methods to increase the capability of solar radiation absorption and transformation into useful electric charge carriers.
设计并制备了一种用于未来高温聚光太阳能电池的金刚石基光热离子阴极。从能带图、缺陷能态的引入和纳米技术制造方法等方面讨论了阴极的特殊结构,以提高阴极吸收太阳辐射的能力,并将其转化为有用的电荷载流子。
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引用次数: 0
Using Ultrasound Wave Propagation to Estimate the Dispersion of Nanostructures in Polymers with Complex Molecular Architectures 利用超声波传播估计复杂分子结构聚合物中纳米结构的分散
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425327
C. Espinoza-González, C. Ávila‐Orta, G. Martínez-Colunga, F. Lionetto, F. Montagna, A. Maffezzoli
One of the key points for the successful development of nanocomposites is to obtain a good dispersion of the nanofillers in the polymer matrix. However, because of complex polymer-polymer and polymer-nanostructure interactions, the estimation of the dispersion is far from trivial. Dynamic rheological functions are mostly used to estimate the quality of dispersion. However, these rheological functions are sensitive to complex molecular architectures such as branching; thus, the accuracy of these rheological functions is limited for nanocomposites obtained using polymer matrices with these molecular architectures. Therefore, an estimation of the dispersion using other approaches needs to be explored. In this work, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are firstly dispersed in a polyamide matrix by a low-frequency ultrasound-assisted extrusion process (kHz range). Then, high-frequency ultrasound wave propagation (MHz range) is used to estimate the dispersion of CNTs in polyamide matrices with different branching architectures. The quality of dispersion observed through the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of the material matches with optical microscopy studies, in contrast with results obtained using dynamic rheological functions. Dynamic mechanical deformation induced by high-frequency ultrasound seems to be less sensitive to branching architectures, thus giving a better estimation of the quality of dispersion.
纳米填料在聚合物基体中的良好分散是纳米复合材料成功开发的关键之一。然而,由于复杂的聚合物-聚合物和聚合物-纳米结构的相互作用,分散的估计远非微不足道。动态流变函数多用于估计分散质量。然而,这些流变功能对复杂的分子结构(如分支)敏感;因此,对于使用具有这些分子结构的聚合物基质获得的纳米复合材料,这些流变功能的准确性受到限制。因此,需要探索使用其他方法估计色散。在这项工作中,碳纳米管(CNTs)首先通过低频超声辅助挤出工艺(kHz范围)分散在聚酰胺基质中。然后,利用高频超声波传播(MHz范围)来估计碳纳米管在不同分支结构的聚酰胺基质中的分散。通过材料的超声衰减系数观察到的弥散质量与光学显微镜研究相吻合,与动态流变函数得到的结果相反。高频超声引起的动态机械变形似乎对分支结构不太敏感,因此可以更好地估计色散质量。
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引用次数: 2
Nanofilled polyethylene terephthalate fibers for the production of hierarchical polymer based composites 纳米填充聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维用于生产层次化聚合物基复合材料
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425364
A. Greco, F. Lionetto, A. Maffezzoli
The potential improvement of physical and mechanical properties in nanostructured composites can be fully exploited by proper distribution of the nanofillers in the polymer matrix, which strongly affects both their final properties and processability. A nanofilled thermosetting polymer can be used as a matrix for continuous fibers when the alignment of a high aspect ratio nanofiller is achieved: in this case a hierarchical composite is obtained. In this work a new processing technology for the production of hierarchical polymer based composites is proposed. First, the alignment of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in thermoplastic fibers of amorphous polyetylene terephthalate (PETg) is achieved by a fiber spinning process. The obtained nanocomposite fibers with a very high filler content (10 wt%) are then transferred into a reactive epoxy resin. After dissolution of PETg, the nanofillers remained oriented in the thermosetting matrix. The characterization of the obtained nanocomposites has been carried by means of different experimental techniques which provided complementary results.
纳米填料在聚合物基体中的合理分布对复合材料的最终性能和加工性能有很大的影响,从而可以充分发挥纳米复合材料物理力学性能的潜力。纳米填充的热固性聚合物可以用作连续纤维的基质,当实现高纵横比纳米填料的对齐时:在这种情况下,获得了分层复合材料。本文提出了一种生产层次化聚合物基复合材料的新工艺。首先,通过纤维纺丝工艺实现了石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)在非晶态聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PETg)热塑性纤维中的排列。然后将获得的具有非常高填料含量(10 wt%)的纳米复合纤维转移到活性环氧树脂中。PETg溶解后,纳米填料在热固性基体中保持取向。通过不同的实验技术对所获得的纳米复合材料进行了表征,并提供了互补的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Structural characterization of MOVPE-grown GaAs/AlGaAs core-shell nanowires through transmission electron microscopy 通过透射电镜表征movpe生长的GaAs/AlGaAs核壳纳米线的结构
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425360
M. Scuderi, P. Prete, Ilio Miccoli, N. Lovergine, C. Spinella, G. Nicotra
We investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) GaAs-AlGaAs core-shell nanowires (NWs) grown by Au-catalyzed metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy under As-rich vapor conditions. The structural analysis reveals that the NWs exhibit zincblende phase only and a very low density of twin defects along the NW trunk; a higher amount of twins around the NW axial (growth) direction occur instead within a tapered region closeby the NW tip. We correlate this finding to the Al-rich composition of the tapered region, as deduced by scanning-TEM (STEM) mass contrast analysis, this region being the effect of residual Au-assisted self-assembly of the material during shell overgrowth. In addition a few percent of NWs show branching during their growth, and we determine the crystal properties and defects of branched NWs. We propose that this phenomenon may be induced by Au nanoparticle instabilities during NW growth and further demonstrate that twin defects occur at the NW branching points.
利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了在富砷气相条件下,由au催化金属有机气相外延生长的GaAs-AlGaAs核壳纳米线(NWs)。结构分析表明,NWs仅表现为锌闪锌矿相,且沿NW主干有极低密度的孪晶缺陷;而在靠近NW尖端的锥形区域内,围绕NW轴向(生长)方向的孪晶数量较多。我们将这一发现与锥形区域的富al成分联系起来,通过扫描电镜(STEM)质量对比分析推断,该区域是在壳过度生长过程中残留的au辅助材料自组装的影响。此外,在生长过程中,有百分之几的NWs会出现支化现象,并测定了支化NWs的晶体性质和缺陷。我们认为这种现象可能是由金纳米粒子在NW生长过程中的不稳定性引起的,并进一步证明了在NW分支点出现双缺陷。
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引用次数: 0
Cytocompatible SiC/SiOx nanowires for X-ray-excited photodynamic therapy 用于x射线激发光动力治疗的细胞相容性SiC/SiOx纳米线
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425366
F. Rossi, F. Ravanetti, E. Bedogni, P. Lagonegro, F. Fabbri, T. Rimoldi, S. Pinelli, R. Alinovi, G. Benecchi, A. Cacchioli, L. Cristofolini, F. Bigi, G. Salviati
The development of innovative nanosystems paves the way to multidisciplinary applications at the frontier between materials science and nanomedicine. In this work we present a novel hybrid nanosystem based on cytocompatible inorganic SiC/SiOx core/shell nanowires conjugated via click-chemistry procedures with an organic photosensitizer belonging to the class of porphyrins. We show that the bare nanowires do not elicit either midterm (72 h) or long-term (10 days) cytotoxic activity leading to irreversible cellular damages or death. The hybrid nanosystem upon irradiation with 6 MV X-Rays at low doses (0.4-2 Gy) is able to generate singlet oxygen, acting therefore as an effective agent for X-Ray-excited photodynamic therapy exploitable to treat deep-seated tumors. In-vitro tests on lung adenocarcinoma cells show that the nanosystem enhances the effects of radiation therapy. As evaluated by clonogenic survival assay 12 days after irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy, the cell population is reduced with respect to control cells by about 75%.
创新纳米系统的发展为材料科学和纳米医学前沿的多学科应用铺平了道路。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于细胞相容性无机SiC/SiOx核/壳纳米线的新型杂交纳米系统,该纳米线通过点击化学程序与属于卟啉类的有机光敏剂偶联。我们发现,裸纳米线不会引起中期(72小时)或长期(10天)的细胞毒性活性,从而导致不可逆的细胞损伤或死亡。混合纳米系统在低剂量(0.4-2 Gy) 6 MV x射线照射下能够产生单线态氧,因此可以作为x射线激发光动力治疗深部肿瘤的有效药物。肺腺癌细胞的体外试验表明,纳米系统增强了放射治疗的效果。在2 Gy剂量照射12天后,通过克隆生存试验评估,细胞数量相对于对照细胞减少了约75%。
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引用次数: 0
Cell elasticity change as a biomarker for cancer detection: an AFM metrological approach 细胞弹性变化作为癌症检测的生物标志物:AFM计量方法
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425323
A. Demichelis, C. Divieto, L. Mortati, S. Pavarelli, M. Sassi, G. Sassi
The cancer diagnosis relies on morphological examination of human cells or tissue samples: this is considered the ‘gold standard’ for the diagnosis of malignancy in any organ system. However, diagnosis based on morphological examination can be difficult, recent studies recognized the cell elasticity changes as a marker for cancer detection. A metrological characterized AFM can be used to make reproducible elasticity measurements on biological samples. In this paper a method to accurately measure a cell elasticity change based on measurement of a stable and homogeneous material is proposed. Nanoindenter characteristics (nanoindenter with pyramidal tip and triangular shape) and indentation parameters (0.1 V as approaching point, 5 um/s as indentation speed and indentation load of 0.4 V) were found feasible for all tested samples. A modal cell elastic modulus of 0.5 kPa for lung tumor cell and a limit AFM measurement reproducibility of 4% was obtained.
癌症诊断依赖于对人体细胞或组织样本的形态学检查:这被认为是诊断任何器官系统恶性肿瘤的“金标准”。然而,基于形态学检查的诊断可能是困难的,最近的研究认识到细胞弹性变化作为癌症检测的标志。具有计量特征的原子力显微镜可用于对生物样品进行可重复性的弹性测量。本文提出了一种基于对稳定均质材料的测量来精确测量细胞弹性变化的方法。纳米压痕特性(尖端呈锥形、形状呈三角形)和压痕参数(接近点为0.1 V,压痕速度为5 um/s,压痕载荷为0.4 V)对所有测试样品都是可行的。肺肿瘤细胞的模态细胞弹性模量为0.5 kPa,极限AFM测量重复性为4%。
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引用次数: 0
Vertical One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Platforms for Label-Free (Bio)Sensing: Towards Drop-and-Measure Applications 用于无标签(生物)传感的垂直一维光子晶体平台:面向投放和测量应用
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425341
G. Barillaro
In this work, all-silicon, integrated optofluidic platforms, fabricated by electrochemical micromachining technology, making use of vertical, one-dimensional high-aspect-ratio photonic crystals for flow-through (bio)sensing applications are reviewed. The potential of such platforms for point-of-care applications is discussed for both pressure-driven and capillarity-driven operations with reference to refractometry and biochemical sensing.
本文综述了利用电化学微加工技术制造的全硅集成光流平台,该平台利用垂直、一维高纵横比光子晶体用于流动(生物)传感。这种平台的潜力,在护理点的应用讨论了压力驱动和毛细管驱动的操作,参考折射和生化传感。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical characterization of silver-nanoparticle antimicrobial coatings for fiordilatte cheese fiordilatte奶酪用纳米银抗菌涂层的分析表征
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425345
B. Introna, G. D. De Benedetto, A. Genga, A. Pennetta, S. Rella, T. Siciliano, C. Malitesta, A. Conte, M. D. Del Nobile
Coatings consisting of calcium alginate hydrogel embedding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), recently developed as a antimicrobial active packaging for fiordilatte cheeses, were studied. The coatings were chemically characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Also, silver release was measured through ICP-MS analyses. Results shows that silver ions are released both in brine and in fiordilatte cheese, confirming the antimicrobial activity of coatings. These preliminary results represent a step forward in the application of silver in food packaging industry. Obtained data are under evaluation.
本文研究了海藻酸钙水凝胶包埋银纳米粒子(AgNPs)涂层,该涂层最近被开发用于fiordilatte奶酪的抗菌活性包装。用x射线光电子能谱对涂层进行了化学表征。同时,通过ICP-MS分析测定银的释放量。结果表明,银离子在卤水和紫丁香奶酪中均有释放,证实了涂层的抗菌活性。这些初步结果标志着银在食品包装工业中的应用又向前迈进了一步。获得的数据正在评估中。
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引用次数: 1
Nanostructured Al-doped ZnO coatings on PLA films for food packaging applications PLA薄膜上掺杂al - ZnO纳米涂层的食品包装应用
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425326
D. Valerini, L. Tammaro, F. Di Benedetto, L. Capodieci, R. Terzi, A. Rizzo
Food quality and safety are key issues when dealing with materials for food packaging applications. Polylactic acid (PLA) is widely used in food packaging, since it is considered safe for contact with food and it is flexible and optically highly transparent. Further improvements can be achieved through functionalization of the PLA surface with suitable materials. For example, coatings based on zinc oxide (ZnO) have been reported to show significant antimicrobial effects. With this aim, PLA films were extruded starting from commercial pellets and then functionalized by thin coatings made of nanostructured aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO). A set of AZO coatings was deposited at different sputtering power, and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) inspection. X-ray diffraction was used to evaluate the structural properties of the AZO coatings. Optical transmission measurements revealed high transparency of the AZO-coated PLA films, with transmittance values around 80-90% in the visible range. Preliminary release tests were conducted by putting the coated films in contact with a fixed volume of a physiological saline solution and the amount of released AZO particles was evaluated by spectrophotometric measurements.
在处理食品包装材料时,食品质量和安全是关键问题。聚乳酸(PLA)广泛用于食品包装,因为它被认为与食品接触是安全的,而且它具有柔性和高光学透明度。进一步的改进可以通过使用合适的材料对PLA表面进行功能化来实现。例如,基于氧化锌(ZnO)的涂层已被报道显示出显著的抗菌效果。为此,从商业颗粒开始挤压PLA薄膜,然后用纳米结构掺铝氧化锌(AZO)制成的薄涂层进行功能化。在不同的溅射功率下沉积了一套AZO涂层,并用扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行了分析。用x射线衍射法评价了AZO涂层的结构性能。光学透射测量表明,azo涂层的PLA薄膜具有很高的透明度,在可见光范围内的透射率约为80-90%。通过将涂层膜与固定体积的生理盐水溶液接触进行初步释放试验,并通过分光光度法测量释放的AZO颗粒的量。
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引用次数: 0
Nanodiamonds and Conducting Polymers: a new paradigm for multifunctional nanomaterials 纳米金刚石和导电聚合物:多功能纳米材料的新范例
Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANOFIM.2015.8425333
E. Tamburri, G. Reina, T. Lavecchia, S. Orlanducci, M. Terranova, D. Passeri, R. Matassa, M. Rossi
This review article is focused on the coupling of conjugated polymers, as polyaniline and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), with nanodiamond particles. The peculiar features of nanodiamond not only help in improving the mechanical and thermal properties of the host polymer matrix, but also act on the polymerization mechanisms, inducing a log-range structural order of the polymer chains.
本文主要综述了聚苯胺和聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)等共轭聚合物与纳米金刚石颗粒的偶联。纳米金刚石的独特特性不仅有助于改善宿主聚合物基体的力学和热性能,而且还影响聚合机制,诱导聚合物链的对数范围结构秩序。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2015 1st Workshop on Nanotechnology in Instrumentation and Measurement (NANOFIM)
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