Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.014
Donya Hameed Ali Al-Anbari, Bahjet Rashad Shaheen
Architectural and ecological development model can be identified by studying genetic evolution of living beings and their surrounding environment, which makes every one of them complement the other, an integral part of it, and the basis of its existence. Architects started to get back to nature to look for the keys for building sustainability, because elements of nature are a creative, rich, and useful source of inspiration and learning for architects and designers to present sustainable designs. Getting inspired by or simulating living forms should not lead to making exact copies of them. The real lesson is to benefit from the substantial idea and the basis of the natural system composing it. This leads us to the problem of the present study: There are no enough local studies on the importance and role of living nature simulation in terms of shape, composition, and structural systems to create sustainable systems. Hypothesis of the study is: the harmony shown by natural, organic structures resulting from the integration of shape with structural function can be employed in architecture shapes and structures by merging shape and function in a symbiotic relationship resembling to a great extent biological , genetic development in their re-formations appearing in natural organic structures. Aim of the study: Discovering formational and environmental constraints of elements of nature and emerging with applied indications in the field of constructional systems simulation of living nature and the possibility of transferring them to accomplish sustainable architecture. The results and conclusions shows the need , importance and effectiveness of Simulation the Natural Living Structural Systems to Achieve sustained Architecture ,and the integration of technical solutions to create a balance between the natural environment and the manufacturers and energy exploitation, and the adoption of passive systems and merged with the systems design, integration between nature and technology. Finally we got that the final conclusions and practical framework and recommendations.
{"title":"Simulation the Natural Living Structural Systems to Achieve Sustained Architecture","authors":"Donya Hameed Ali Al-Anbari, Bahjet Rashad Shaheen","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.014","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural and ecological development model can be identified by studying genetic evolution of living beings and their surrounding environment, which makes every one of them complement the other, an integral part of it, and the basis of its existence. Architects started to get back to nature to look for the keys for building sustainability, because elements of nature are a creative, rich, and useful source of inspiration and learning for architects and designers to present sustainable designs. Getting inspired by or simulating living forms should not lead to making exact copies of them. The real lesson is to benefit from the substantial idea and the basis of the natural system composing it. This leads us to the problem of the present study: There are no enough local studies on the importance and role of living nature simulation in terms of shape, composition, and structural systems to create sustainable systems. Hypothesis of the study is: the harmony shown by natural, organic structures resulting from the integration of shape with structural function can be employed in architecture shapes and structures by merging shape and function in a symbiotic relationship resembling to a great extent biological , genetic development in their re-formations appearing in natural organic structures. Aim of the study: Discovering formational and environmental constraints of elements of nature and emerging with applied indications in the field of constructional systems simulation of living nature and the possibility of transferring them to accomplish sustainable architecture. The results and conclusions shows the need , importance and effectiveness of Simulation the Natural Living Structural Systems to Achieve sustained Architecture ,and the integration of technical solutions to create a balance between the natural environment and the manufacturers and energy exploitation, and the adoption of passive systems and merged with the systems design, integration between nature and technology. Finally we got that the final conclusions and practical framework and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114946173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tourism is an economic aspect and a real engine of development in many countries. The importance of this aspect lies in the development of various sectors starting with architecture, urban development, as well as its contribution to the balance of performance and job creation, and its positive impact on the other sectors of the industry and trade in general, and architecture in particular. Architecture forms the physical and cultural dimension of tourism, all tourist activities are held in architectural facilities and many of the architectural facilities have become important tourist attractions. This creates a positive correlation between economic, social, urban development and the preservation of resources including the cultural heritage, especially those related to architectural heritage and traditional urban figures. Where sustainable tourism can be viewed as an industry that fulfills the functional need of the tourist without prejudice the location which to be invested, especially when the site has a historical or cultural significance or even the collective memory of the community. Therefore, the research problem focused on the knowledge deficit in studying the aspects of sustainable development and its role in tourism and its mutual effects on the urban heritage of cities in terms of their points of view and indicators and how to deal with them in order to achieve sustainable tourism for those places, If we consider sustainability is the environmentally conscious in tourism and architecture. The aim of this research is to draw the aspects of sustainable tourism in all its intellectual and applied dimensions and their impact on the urban heritage sites in order to promote these places to achieve the highest possible efficiency for sustainable tourism in the long term, with regard to their developments and their various impacts (social, environmental and economic) on those places.
{"title":"Sustainable tourism in urban heritage places – Al-Qishlaq as a case study","authors":"Huda Adel Abdul-Hameed, Osamah Abdulmunem Al-Temeemi","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.011","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is an economic aspect and a real engine of development in many countries. The importance of this aspect lies in the development of various sectors starting with architecture, urban development, as well as its contribution to the balance of performance and job creation, and its positive impact on the other sectors of the industry and trade in general, and architecture in particular. Architecture forms the physical and cultural dimension of tourism, all tourist activities are held in architectural facilities and many of the architectural facilities have become important tourist attractions. This creates a positive correlation between economic, social, urban development and the preservation of resources including the cultural heritage, especially those related to architectural heritage and traditional urban figures. Where sustainable tourism can be viewed as an industry that fulfills the functional need of the tourist without prejudice the location which to be invested, especially when the site has a historical or cultural significance or even the collective memory of the community. Therefore, the research problem focused on the knowledge deficit in studying the aspects of sustainable development and its role in tourism and its mutual effects on the urban heritage of cities in terms of their points of view and indicators and how to deal with them in order to achieve sustainable tourism for those places, If we consider sustainability is the environmentally conscious in tourism and architecture. The aim of this research is to draw the aspects of sustainable tourism in all its intellectual and applied dimensions and their impact on the urban heritage sites in order to promote these places to achieve the highest possible efficiency for sustainable tourism in the long term, with regard to their developments and their various impacts (social, environmental and economic) on those places.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127399956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.004
Israa A. Al.Joboury, Shahlaa E. Ebrahime
In this study, cork stopper particles were used as a low cost biosorbent to remove the cationic dyes (Methylene blue (MB), Malachite green (MG), and Methyl violet (MV)) from simulated wastewater. Batch sorption experiments of components were conducted as a function of pH, sorbent dosages, contact time, agitation speed, and particle size to optimize the best conditions for maximum removal efficiencies of dyes. The experimental data fitted slightly best to the Langmuir isotherm model than to Freundlich and Temkin isotherm model. The experimental data proved that the adsorption kinetic of MB, MG, and MV could be described by a pseudo-second order model. The results indicate that cork adsorbs dyes efficiently and could be employed as a low-cost alternative in wastewater treatment for the removal of cationic dyes.
{"title":"Biosorption of Cationic Dyes onto Cork Stopper Particles","authors":"Israa A. Al.Joboury, Shahlaa E. Ebrahime","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.004","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, cork stopper particles were used as a low cost biosorbent to remove the cationic dyes (Methylene blue (MB), Malachite green (MG), and Methyl violet (MV)) from simulated wastewater. Batch sorption experiments of components were conducted as a function of pH, sorbent dosages, contact time, agitation speed, and particle size to optimize the best conditions for maximum removal efficiencies of dyes. The experimental data fitted slightly best to the Langmuir isotherm model than to Freundlich and Temkin isotherm model. The experimental data proved that the adsorption kinetic of MB, MG, and MV could be described by a pseudo-second order model. The results indicate that cork adsorbs dyes efficiently and could be employed as a low-cost alternative in wastewater treatment for the removal of cationic dyes.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129774553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.001
T. Mohammed, Hadeel Atiya Al-Zuheri
Magnetic nanoparticles are now being investigated widely in field of water treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of electrocoagulation process combined with addition of magnetite nanoparticles as a turbidity removal process. Bentonite was used as source of turbidity for the synthetic turbid water. Experiments were conducted in a bench scales electrocoagulation reactor where voltage was applied across a perforated plate of aluminum as anode, and iron mesh as cathode. Commercial grade of magnetite (Fe3O4) with an average nanoparticle size of 50 nm was used. The effect of some factors such as initial pH of the solution (5-9), current density (5-25 mA/cm2), and magnetite dosage (0.4-2.5 gm) on the efficiency of the process were studied. The residual turbidity obtained by using electrocoagulation process alone was (7.47 NTU) from initial turbidity of (200 NU) at constant conditions of pH 6, current density 15 mA/cm2 and electrolysis time 20 min. While under these same conditions the combined electrocoagulation + magnetite process with the added (1.4 gm) of magnetite and under the same operating conditions the residual turbidity was (4.34 NTU), which indicate that the magnetite nanoparticles enhanced the electrocoagulation process.
{"title":"Hybrid Process of Electrochemistry with Magnetite Nanoparticles for Treatment of Turbid Water","authors":"T. Mohammed, Hadeel Atiya Al-Zuheri","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.001","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic nanoparticles are now being investigated widely in field of water treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of electrocoagulation process combined with addition of magnetite nanoparticles as a turbidity removal process. Bentonite was used as source of turbidity for the synthetic turbid water. Experiments were conducted in a bench scales electrocoagulation reactor where voltage was applied across a perforated plate of aluminum as anode, and iron mesh as cathode. Commercial grade of magnetite (Fe3O4) with an average nanoparticle size of 50 nm was used. The effect of some factors such as initial pH of the solution (5-9), current density (5-25 mA/cm2), and magnetite dosage (0.4-2.5 gm) on the efficiency of the process were studied. The residual turbidity obtained by using electrocoagulation process alone was (7.47 NTU) from initial turbidity of (200 NU) at constant conditions of pH 6, current density 15 mA/cm2 and electrolysis time 20 min. While under these same conditions the combined electrocoagulation + magnetite process with the added (1.4 gm) of magnetite and under the same operating conditions the residual turbidity was (4.34 NTU), which indicate that the magnetite nanoparticles enhanced the electrocoagulation process.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115294998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.012
M. Shahda, Mahmod Alfattamah, Y. Johar
The research aims to predict the efficiency of capturing the soot particles generated by the diesel generator within the Hydro Cyclone by conducting the applied study using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) application through modeling and simulation of the turbulent flow within the Hydro Cyclone using SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation. The ability to predict the impact of such flows on your product performance is time consuming and costly without some form of simulation tools...SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to enable quick, efficient simulation of fluid flow and can easily calculate fluid forces and help the designer to understand the impact of a liquid or gas on product performance and comparing the results with experimental reality. In this research, the engineering simulation confirmed the importance of using Hydro Cyclone in the capture of diesel soot particles by an error rate of only 4% compared to experimental reality.
{"title":"Modeling And Designing Simulation Using CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics Application For The Process Of Capture Diesel Soot Particles By Hydro Cyclone","authors":"M. Shahda, Mahmod Alfattamah, Y. Johar","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.012","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to predict the efficiency of capturing the soot particles generated by the diesel generator within the Hydro Cyclone by conducting the applied study using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) application through modeling and simulation of the turbulent flow within the Hydro Cyclone using SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation. The ability to predict the impact of such flows on your product performance is time consuming and costly without some form of simulation tools...SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to enable quick, efficient simulation of fluid flow and can easily calculate fluid forces and help the designer to understand the impact of a liquid or gas on product performance and comparing the results with experimental reality. In this research, the engineering simulation confirmed the importance of using Hydro Cyclone in the capture of diesel soot particles by an error rate of only 4% compared to experimental reality.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132794063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.005
S. Shamsham, R. Nasra, Rawaa Z. Ayoush
The study was conductedto determine the forms of potassium in soils (water soluble K, exchangeable K, available K, non-exchangeable K, lattice K, total K) in some of Homs soils using standard laboratory procedures. The soils were ASHRAFIA, MARANA, MOUKHTARIA, ROUGHAMA, SANKARY, MASTORAH, SADAD, ARQAYA, GDAIDA, SAYED. The samples were analyzed for mechanical composition of soil viz., sand, silt, clay and chemical composition viz., pH, EC, O.M., and analyzed the different forms of potassium. The amount of water soluble, exchangeable, available, non-exchangeable, lattice and total-K in soils; ranged from 1.49 – 145.92, 244.46 – 787.71, 245.95 – 954.83, 11.10 – 836.57, 3678.08 – 18041.08 and 4583.00 – 19643 mg/Kg. The study showed that lattice K is the largest part of total K in the soils, while the water soluble K is the lowest part of total K.The total K and lattice K showed significant and positive correlation with pH. Water-soluble K concentrations positively correlated with organic matter and sand. The available K showed significant and positive correlation with sand.
{"title":"Effect of Soil Properties on forms of potassium in Some Soils of Homs Governorate","authors":"S. Shamsham, R. Nasra, Rawaa Z. Ayoush","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.005","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conductedto determine the forms of potassium in soils (water soluble K, exchangeable K, available K, non-exchangeable K, lattice K, total K) in some of Homs soils using standard laboratory procedures. The soils were ASHRAFIA, MARANA, MOUKHTARIA, ROUGHAMA, SANKARY, MASTORAH, SADAD, ARQAYA, GDAIDA, SAYED. The samples were analyzed for mechanical composition of soil viz., sand, silt, clay and chemical composition viz., pH, EC, O.M., and analyzed the different forms of potassium. The amount of water soluble, exchangeable, available, non-exchangeable, lattice and total-K in soils; ranged from 1.49 – 145.92, 244.46 – 787.71, 245.95 – 954.83, 11.10 – 836.57, 3678.08 – 18041.08 and 4583.00 – 19643 mg/Kg. The study showed that lattice K is the largest part of total K in the soils, while the water soluble K is the lowest part of total K.The total K and lattice K showed significant and positive correlation with pH. Water-soluble K concentrations positively correlated with organic matter and sand. The available K showed significant and positive correlation with sand.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124560166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.015
M. Raheem
This research suggest a technique for evaluating the urban content environmentally depending on digital media, throughout identifying the creative analytic techniques that develops the simple urban raster which is known as Digital Elevation Models( DEMs)Additionally , we prepare a group of systems that adopt 3D representation through simple drawing instruments, display environment and 3D spacial analysis.They are supporting programs for the concept of 3D representation and analysis, not the building specially in large scales. Now the research problem emerged, represented by: obviously deficient acknowledgment, in practical and academic media, in using digital medium that help to predict and evaluate, environmentally; the urban content. So, this research aims at: delineating some urban form linked environmental pointers through simple aids use (groups of scripts) that predicts the environmentally evaluated, the urban content: through designing process. This research depends in its academic and practical frames on the concept that it acts by developing effective strategic materials for analyzing and delineation the urban form and measuring the environmental pointers reaching to conclusion and recommendations.
{"title":"Evaluation of Environmentally Urban Content Depending on Digital Medium","authors":"M. Raheem","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.015","url":null,"abstract":"This research suggest a technique for evaluating the urban content environmentally depending on digital media, throughout identifying the creative analytic techniques that develops the simple urban raster which is known as Digital Elevation Models( DEMs)Additionally , we prepare a group of systems that adopt 3D representation through simple drawing instruments, display environment and 3D spacial analysis.They are supporting programs for the concept of 3D representation and analysis, not the building specially in large scales. Now the research problem emerged, represented by: obviously deficient acknowledgment, in practical and academic media, in using digital medium that help to predict and evaluate, environmentally; the urban content. So, this research aims at: delineating some urban form linked environmental pointers through simple aids use (groups of scripts) that predicts the environmentally evaluated, the urban content: through designing process. This research depends in its academic and practical frames on the concept that it acts by developing effective strategic materials for analyzing and delineation the urban form and measuring the environmental pointers reaching to conclusion and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"40 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121173693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.006
I. M. Ali, A. A. Faisal
The possibility of utilizing waterworks sludge as byproduct from water supply treatment plant for the remediation of simulated leachate contaminated with cadmium, dissolved organic matter (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was investigated through batch study in comparison with conventional sorbents specifically activated carbon and ion-exchange resin Amberlite IR120 Na. Batch sorption experiments of single and multi-components systems were conducted to represent the acetogenic phase (pH= 5.5). Results proved that the sludge, activated carbon and ion-exchange resin are efficient sorbents for removal of cadmium, COD, and NH3-N respectively with removal efficiencies ranged from 35 to 95% for all experiments. Equilibrium isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Kinetic data were obtained and analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo second-order equations. The sorption isotherm data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm and the monolayer adsorption capacity was found as 5.634, 14.908 and 3.938 mg/g for sorption of Cd (II) onto sludge, NH3-N onto resin and COD onto activated carbon respectively.
{"title":"Remediation of Simulated Landfill’s Leachate Using Waterworks Sludge and Other Conventional Materials","authors":"I. M. Ali, A. A. Faisal","doi":"10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.3.006","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of utilizing waterworks sludge as byproduct from water supply treatment plant for the remediation of simulated leachate contaminated with cadmium, dissolved organic matter (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was investigated through batch study in comparison with conventional sorbents specifically activated carbon and ion-exchange resin Amberlite IR120 Na. Batch sorption experiments of single and multi-components systems were conducted to represent the acetogenic phase (pH= 5.5). Results proved that the sludge, activated carbon and ion-exchange resin are efficient sorbents for removal of cadmium, COD, and NH3-N respectively with removal efficiencies ranged from 35 to 95% for all experiments. Equilibrium isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Kinetic data were obtained and analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo second-order equations. The sorption isotherm data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm and the monolayer adsorption capacity was found as 5.634, 14.908 and 3.938 mg/g for sorption of Cd (II) onto sludge, NH3-N onto resin and COD onto activated carbon respectively.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130257568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.015
Shahad Waqid Salih, Bahjat Rashad Shaheen
Modern techniques and technology are introfuced as an effictove factor in achiving the flexible use and in changing the foem and the utilization of the auditoriums and the stage eeasily. Which helped the emergance and spread of new types of performance events in one place. The orign of ghese auditoriums return to Gropius’s tatal theatre at the beginning of the 29th centuey. Modern technologies include mechanization systems foe floor, wall, and ceiling. The research problem focuse on the lake of available studies on the impact of modern technology and mechanization on the intgration of the use of the multi-use auditoriums. Thus the research amis to determining the role of the floor automation in the auditorium and the stage to achieve functional intgration (dramatic, musical, operatic, ect.) in one. The research suggests that the flooe automation in multi-use auditoriums if akey factor in achieving different uses. The research review a number of examples of multi-use auditoriums of the 20th and the 21st centuryillustrates the evolution of this tupe of auditoriums and the impact of mechanication and technology development.
{"title":"The Role of Automation in Achieving Integration and Flexibilty in Multi-Use Auditoriums","authors":"Shahad Waqid Salih, Bahjat Rashad Shaheen","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.015","url":null,"abstract":"Modern techniques and technology are introfuced as an effictove factor in achiving the flexible use and in changing the foem and the utilization of the auditoriums and the stage eeasily. Which helped the emergance and spread of new types of performance events in one place. The orign of ghese auditoriums return to Gropius’s tatal theatre at the beginning of the 29th centuey. Modern technologies include mechanization systems foe floor, wall, and ceiling. The research problem focuse on the lake of available studies on the impact of modern technology and mechanization on the intgration of the use of the multi-use auditoriums. Thus the research amis to determining the role of the floor automation in the auditorium and the stage to achieve functional intgration (dramatic, musical, operatic, ect.) in one. The research suggests that the flooe automation in multi-use auditoriums if akey factor in achieving different uses. The research review a number of examples of multi-use auditoriums of the 20th and the 21st centuryillustrates the evolution of this tupe of auditoriums and the impact of mechanication and technology development.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125432689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.001
A. Salim, S. A. Almasraf
A study of the evaluation of the water productivity (WP) of eggplant under subsurface water retention technology (SWRT) through membrane sheet installed under the root zone has been conducted in sandy loam soil located in Al-Fahamah Township, Baghdad, during two growing seasons (from January 10th to May 31st, 2017 in a greenhouse and from April 9th to July 10th, 2017 in open field). For this purpose, two treatments plot with membrane sheet and without using membrane sheet were applied for each growing season to determine and compare the effect of water saving membrane on productivity of eggplant. Results showed apparent differences among the water productivities of eggplant in the greenhouse and open field. The WP values of eggplant inside greenhouse for SWRT treatment and control plot were 5640 ID/m3 and 3700 ID/m3, respectively and in open field were 2220 ID/m3 and 1570 ID/m3, respectively. The WP of eggplant for SWRT treatment was more than the control plot inside the greenhouse and in open field by 52 % and 40 %, respectively. The installation of membrane sheet below the soil surface was improved the value of water productivity of eggplant and more saving in applied of irrigation water.
{"title":"Improvement Water Productivity of Eggplant Under Subsurface Water Retention Technology","authors":"A. Salim, S. A. Almasraf","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the evaluation of the water productivity (WP) of eggplant under subsurface water retention technology (SWRT) through membrane sheet installed under the root zone has been conducted in sandy loam soil located in Al-Fahamah Township, Baghdad, during two growing seasons (from January 10th to May 31st, 2017 in a greenhouse and from April 9th to July 10th, 2017 in open field). For this purpose, two treatments plot with membrane sheet and without using membrane sheet were applied for each growing season to determine and compare the effect of water saving membrane on productivity of eggplant. Results showed apparent differences among the water productivities of eggplant in the greenhouse and open field. The WP values of eggplant inside greenhouse for SWRT treatment and control plot were 5640 ID/m3 and 3700 ID/m3, respectively and in open field were 2220 ID/m3 and 1570 ID/m3, respectively. The WP of eggplant for SWRT treatment was more than the control plot inside the greenhouse and in open field by 52 % and 40 %, respectively. The installation of membrane sheet below the soil surface was improved the value of water productivity of eggplant and more saving in applied of irrigation water.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122225873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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