Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.006
N. Mahdi, H. Hameed
In this research removal of chromium from an aqueous solution by multilayer-mixed (reduction/sorption) bed via scrap iron as zero valent iron and charred nutshell (walnut shell) as adsorber were studied. Both batch and continuous system were conducted. The batch system reveals that the adsorption process was of favorable type. Three models were used to describe the adsorption process. Freundlich model is matching well to the data with (R2=0.975). In the continuous system , two sets of experimental were considered, the first set (multilayer bed) conducted by fixing the characteristics of the scrap iron bed (bed height 0.2 cm, particle size 500 µm) and varying the walnut shell parameters, the optimum value of this set recorded as (bed height 2.5 cm, particle size250µm). While for the second set of experimental after fixing the optimum values of the walnut shell bed and varying the scrap iron bed characteristics, the optimum values were (height 1cm, particle size 500µm as filling). Also, the Mixed bed configuration were studied by conducting the optimum conditions for the previous experiment. it was found that at any certain time the mixed layer offers the maximum efficiency of removal rather than the multi-layer bed.
{"title":"Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution using Multilayer-Mixed (Reduction/Sorption) Bed from Iron Scrap and Nutshells","authors":"N. Mahdi, H. Hameed","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"In this research removal of chromium from an aqueous solution by multilayer-mixed (reduction/sorption) bed via scrap iron as zero valent iron and charred nutshell (walnut shell) as adsorber were studied. Both batch and continuous system were conducted. The batch system reveals that the adsorption process was of favorable type. Three models were used to describe the adsorption process. Freundlich model is matching well to the data with (R2=0.975). In the continuous system , two sets of experimental were considered, the first set (multilayer bed) conducted by fixing the characteristics of the scrap iron bed (bed height 0.2 cm, particle size 500 µm) and varying the walnut shell parameters, the optimum value of this set recorded as (bed height 2.5 cm, particle size250µm). While for the second set of experimental after fixing the optimum values of the walnut shell bed and varying the scrap iron bed characteristics, the optimum values were (height 1cm, particle size 500µm as filling). Also, the Mixed bed configuration were studied by conducting the optimum conditions for the previous experiment. it was found that at any certain time the mixed layer offers the maximum efficiency of removal rather than the multi-layer bed.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132345449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.005
Anaam A. Sabri, Noor Abbood
In this study, mesoporous silica MCM-41 material was synthesized using simple method at room temperature, and then loaded it with amine group by grafting method. MCM-41 was characterized by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area; Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then the ability of MCM-41 as adsorbents to treat NO3 anion as inorganic pollutant from synthetic wastewater was investigated. Batch adsorption was employed to determine the effects of initial concentration (25-150 mg/L), pH (2-11), temperature (297,313,333 K), adsorbent dose (0.1-2g), and contact time (0–140 min). The results indicated that the kinetic data for nitrate anion adsorption with MCM-41 was fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2=1). It was found that the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model for nitrate anion had the best fit with the experimental data. Various adsorbents (activated carbon, SBA-15, MCM-48) have been utilized to investigate their ability to remove nitrate anion and the results show that MCM-48 could be used to remove NO3 better than other adsorbents.
{"title":"Preparation of amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (MCM-41) for Nitrate anion adsorption from aqueous solution","authors":"Anaam A. Sabri, Noor Abbood","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.005","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, mesoporous silica MCM-41 material was synthesized using simple method at room temperature, and then loaded it with amine group by grafting method. MCM-41 was characterized by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area; Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then the ability of MCM-41 as adsorbents to treat NO3 anion as inorganic pollutant from synthetic wastewater was investigated. Batch adsorption was employed to determine the effects of initial concentration (25-150 mg/L), pH (2-11), temperature (297,313,333 K), adsorbent dose (0.1-2g), and contact time (0–140 min). The results indicated that the kinetic data for nitrate anion adsorption with MCM-41 was fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2=1). It was found that the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model for nitrate anion had the best fit with the experimental data. Various adsorbents (activated carbon, SBA-15, MCM-48) have been utilized to investigate their ability to remove nitrate anion and the results show that MCM-48 could be used to remove NO3 better than other adsorbents.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120995817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.014
Zainab Huseen Ra’ouf, R. Mahdi, Enas Salim Abdulahhad
The paper studies the concept of Shanshul as an architectural concept rooted in the Islamic world and the countries of the East with two functional and aesthetic dimensions of equal importance which contributed to its formulation as an event, But a new techniques have emerged to try to create a new image that Western architectural experiences have adopted and moved on to local Arab architectural experiences, Research Problem emerged as a lack of clarity of the role of contemporary technologies in the introduction of a new image of the Shanshul as a multidimensional event, , and the research defined its methodology to reach its goal and ending with its conclusions. It highlighted the depth of the global and Arab experience, which tried to maintain the approximate balance of the aesthetic and functional dimensions, the research concluded the ability of the Shanshul to find the balance of functional and aesthetic dimensions by reverting to their founding principles and pushing them forward through contemporary materials in a unified and coherent structure.
{"title":"Al-Shanshul eventionality in the architecture of the first decade of the 21st century","authors":"Zainab Huseen Ra’ouf, R. Mahdi, Enas Salim Abdulahhad","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studies the concept of Shanshul as an architectural concept rooted in the Islamic world and the countries of the East with two functional and aesthetic dimensions of equal importance which contributed to its formulation as an event, But a new techniques have emerged to try to create a new image that Western architectural experiences have adopted and moved on to local Arab architectural experiences, Research Problem emerged as a lack of clarity of the role of contemporary technologies in the introduction of a new image of the Shanshul as a multidimensional event, , and the research defined its methodology to reach its goal and ending with its conclusions. It highlighted the depth of the global and Arab experience, which tried to maintain the approximate balance of the aesthetic and functional dimensions, the research concluded the ability of the Shanshul to find the balance of functional and aesthetic dimensions by reverting to their founding principles and pushing them forward through contemporary materials in a unified and coherent structure. ","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129982050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.004
Ahmad Dnan Abbass, H. Al-thamiry
Water distribution through soils from trickle source is very important issue since it affects irrigation efficiency, wetted surface area and wetted soil profile. Many attempts to determine wetting pattern under drip irrigation using mathematical and numerical models were carried out. The verification of the validity of which model will be suitable for Iraqi soils need a detailed study. In this paper, the field work measurements of wetted pattern in two Iraqi soils (sand and sandy loam) were conducted to investigate the validity of the application of wetting pattern formulas predicted by Dawood (2016), Amin and Ekhmaj, (2006) and Schwartzman and Zur (1986). The work was divided into two parts: the first one was the laboratory work of soil texture, field capacity, permanent wilting point, and soil porosity. The second one includes field operations through landing, installation of trickle irrigation system, installation of equipment’s and sensors, adjustment of emitter discharge by the valve on the supply pipe. In each run, initial water content was measured and the system was operated for three continuous hours with three different discharges, discharges were selected as 1, 3 and 6 l/hr. the wetted diameter and depth were recorded hourly during each run test .The field measurements of wetted area were compared with that predicted by the previous studies. The obtained result indicate that the value of the wetted diameter and depth increase with increasing of water contents, the wetted diameter are inversely proportional was saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the wetted depth was directly proportional to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Amin and Ekhmaj 2006 formula was suitable for wetted depth in sandy loam soil with average error 13.40% and Schwartzman and Zur, 1986 formulas gave a good prediction for wetted diameters with average error 12.79% for same soil. Finally Dawood (2016) formulas were more suitable than others for sand soil with average error for wetted diameter and depth 11.49%, 16.79% respectively.
{"title":"Field Evaluating of Wetting Pattern from Surface Drip Irrigation System for Sand and Sandy Loam Soils","authors":"Ahmad Dnan Abbass, H. Al-thamiry","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.004","url":null,"abstract":"Water distribution through soils from trickle source is very important issue since it affects irrigation efficiency, wetted surface area and wetted soil profile. Many attempts to determine wetting pattern under drip irrigation using mathematical and numerical models were carried out. The verification of the validity of which model will be suitable for Iraqi soils need a detailed study. In this paper, the field work measurements of wetted pattern in two Iraqi soils (sand and sandy loam) were conducted to investigate the validity of the application of wetting pattern formulas predicted by Dawood (2016), Amin and Ekhmaj, (2006) and Schwartzman and Zur (1986). The work was divided into two parts: the first one was the laboratory work of soil texture, field capacity, permanent wilting point, and soil porosity. The second one includes field operations through landing, installation of trickle irrigation system, installation of equipment’s and sensors, adjustment of emitter discharge by the valve on the supply pipe. In each run, initial water content was measured and the system was operated for three continuous hours with three different discharges, discharges were selected as 1, 3 and 6 l/hr. the wetted diameter and depth were recorded hourly during each run test .The field measurements of wetted area were compared with that predicted by the previous studies. The obtained result indicate that the value of the wetted diameter and depth increase with increasing of water contents, the wetted diameter are inversely proportional was saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the wetted depth was directly proportional to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Amin and Ekhmaj 2006 formula was suitable for wetted depth in sandy loam soil with average error 13.40% and Schwartzman and Zur, 1986 formulas gave a good prediction for wetted diameters with average error 12.79% for same soil. Finally Dawood (2016) formulas were more suitable than others for sand soil with average error for wetted diameter and depth 11.49%, 16.79% respectively.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"10 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134315986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.009
Mayada Razouk
The Formation test tool is a very wide and useful application in reservoir studies. By analyzing the data in the exploratory wells, we can obtain some initial conditions for the reservoir such as heat and pressure of the reservoir as well as the determination of the initial depths of the fluid contacts. New wells in the field We can assess the movement of the fluid contacts over time and evaluate the vertical and horizontal hydrodynamic connection between the field wells. The data of this Formation test tool helps in assessing the quality of the profiles in terms of reservoir, particularly in terms of permeability. In order to clarify these applications and the mechanism of analysis of the Formation test tool test data, Thayyem Rutbah Field of the Al-Furat Oil Company in Syria was selected because of the availability of the data of this Formation test tool in a number of wells in the field. Thus, using the applications of this Formation test tool in the wells of this reservoir over time during the production period, Of the reservoir of the density of the fluid and the pressure and temperature of the reservoir and the initial depth of the oil-water contact level, in addition to the change in height over time, and the payment system that controls the reservoir as a water propulsion system, and identify the reservoir properties of the reservoir, And a good hydrodynamic connection between all field wells, making the Rutbah formation a good investment tank.
{"title":"The Reservoir Applications of Formation Test Tool (Thayyem Rutbah Field - Syria)","authors":"Mayada Razouk","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.009","url":null,"abstract":"The Formation test tool is a very wide and useful application in reservoir studies. By analyzing the data in the exploratory wells, we can obtain some initial conditions for the reservoir such as heat and pressure of the reservoir as well as the determination of the initial depths of the fluid contacts. New wells in the field We can assess the movement of the fluid contacts over time and evaluate the vertical and horizontal hydrodynamic connection between the field wells. The data of this Formation test tool helps in assessing the quality of the profiles in terms of reservoir, particularly in terms of permeability. In order to clarify these applications and the mechanism of analysis of the Formation test tool test data, Thayyem Rutbah Field of the Al-Furat Oil Company in Syria was selected because of the availability of the data of this Formation test tool in a number of wells in the field. Thus, using the applications of this Formation test tool in the wells of this reservoir over time during the production period, Of the reservoir of the density of the fluid and the pressure and temperature of the reservoir and the initial depth of the oil-water contact level, in addition to the change in height over time, and the payment system that controls the reservoir as a water propulsion system, and identify the reservoir properties of the reservoir, And a good hydrodynamic connection between all field wells, making the Rutbah formation a good investment tank.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132813234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.007
Jaafar Zaki Yahya, H. Flayeh
Box-Wilson’s method of design of experiments was used to maximize heavy metal removal from synthetic wastewater. The process of optimization was based on four independent pertinent parameters: agitation speed (150-250) rpm, initial metal concentration (20-40) mg/l, pH (4-8), and biomass dose (2-4) g/l. Lead was chosen as heavy metal. A maximum biosorption was practically attained following thirty runs of different experiments, as given by 24 - Central Composite Design (CCD). The best conditions were initial metal concentration 25.29 mg/l, pH 5.78, biomass dose 3.36 g/l, agitation speed 209.21 rpm. The gained data of experiments were used to form a semiempirical model, based upon a quadratic polynomial, to foretell lead ions biosorption. The model was examined using a statistical software (Design Expert® 11.0) and found adequate. Biosorption response surfaces and contour plots were generated using the developed model, which exposed the existence of high biosorption plateaus whose specifications will be beneficial in monitoring industrial scale or pilot-scale units of future to confirm economic achievability.
{"title":"Design Experiments for Biosorption of Lead Ions from Wastewater by Box-Wilson’s Method","authors":"Jaafar Zaki Yahya, H. Flayeh","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"Box-Wilson’s method of design of experiments was used to maximize heavy metal removal from synthetic wastewater. The process of optimization was based on four independent pertinent parameters: agitation speed (150-250) rpm, initial metal concentration (20-40) mg/l, pH (4-8), and biomass dose (2-4) g/l. Lead was chosen as heavy metal. A maximum biosorption was practically attained following thirty runs of different experiments, as given by 24 - Central Composite Design (CCD). The best conditions were initial metal concentration 25.29 mg/l, pH 5.78, biomass dose 3.36 g/l, agitation speed 209.21 rpm. The gained data of experiments were used to form a semiempirical model, based upon a quadratic polynomial, to foretell lead ions biosorption. The model was examined using a statistical software (Design Expert® 11.0) and found adequate. Biosorption response surfaces and contour plots were generated using the developed model, which exposed the existence of high biosorption plateaus whose specifications will be beneficial in monitoring industrial scale or pilot-scale units of future to confirm economic achievability.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128083011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.002
T. Hussein, N. A. Jasim
The ability of using each of the following: aluminum sulphate (Al2(SO4)3.16H2O), ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) as chemical coagulants was investigated for removing of reactive green 12 (RG 12) dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from simulated wastewater. Best pH , coagulants dosages, and initial concentrations were obtained by jar test. The maximum efficiency for removing RG-12 and COD recorded by ferric chloride were 98% and 88 %, by alum were 95% and 88%, and by ferrous sulphate were 70% and 50%. All these results obtained at the best pH 6, dosage 100 mg/l and initial concentrations for RG-12 and COD 50 mg/l and 600 mg/l respectively. The maximum volume of sludge was for alum coagulant 14 ml/l, 12 ml/l for ferric chloride and 0.5 ml/l for ferrous sulphate. The study improved that it is possible to use each of aluminum sulphate, ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate as an economical coagulant to treat the wastewater which it is polluted with RG 12 dye and COD.
{"title":"Removal of Reactive Green 12 Dye and COD from Simulated Wastewater Using Different Coagulants","authors":"T. Hussein, N. A. Jasim","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of using each of the following: aluminum sulphate (Al2(SO4)3.16H2O), ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) as chemical coagulants was investigated for removing of reactive green 12 (RG 12) dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from simulated wastewater. Best pH , coagulants dosages, and initial concentrations were obtained by jar test. The maximum efficiency for removing RG-12 and COD recorded by ferric chloride were 98% and 88 %, by alum were 95% and 88%, and by ferrous sulphate were 70% and 50%. All these results obtained at the best pH 6, dosage 100 mg/l and initial concentrations for RG-12 and COD 50 mg/l and 600 mg/l respectively. The maximum volume of sludge was for alum coagulant 14 ml/l, 12 ml/l for ferric chloride and 0.5 ml/l for ferrous sulphate. The study improved that it is possible to use each of aluminum sulphate, ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate as an economical coagulant to treat the wastewater which it is polluted with RG 12 dye and COD.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130609060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.012
Mohammad Bilal, S. Mohamad
Many types of loading the structure must sustain in addition to dead and live loads according to the function of structural element type that must be taken in analysis. Dynamic resistance to loading of reinforced concrete slabs using self-compact reactive powder concrete, with different boundary conditions at the sides in addition of static loading was studied. The reinforced concrete slabs were designed under static load according to ACI-318R-2014 and then the adequacy was checked under harmonic dynamic loading. The static loading consists of dead load and residential live load considering according to ASCE-07-2010. Modeling analysis was performed to determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors values and then frequency response analyses of the slab by finite elements method that adopted for analysis. The results indicated that in case of self-compacted reactive powder concrete rather than normal concrete gave deflection less and also there was a different result of deflection according the type of slab boundary condition supports.
{"title":"Performance of Self-Compacted Reactive Powder Concrete Slab Under Harmonic Dynamic Loading","authors":"Mohammad Bilal, S. Mohamad","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.012","url":null,"abstract":"Many types of loading the structure must sustain in addition to dead and live loads according to the function of structural element type that must be taken in analysis. Dynamic resistance to loading of reinforced concrete slabs using self-compact reactive powder concrete, with different boundary conditions at the sides in addition of static loading was studied. The reinforced concrete slabs were designed under static load according to ACI-318R-2014 and then the adequacy was checked under harmonic dynamic loading. The static loading consists of dead load and residential live load considering according to ASCE-07-2010. Modeling analysis was performed to determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors values and then frequency response analyses of the slab by finite elements method that adopted for analysis. The results indicated that in case of self-compacted reactive powder concrete rather than normal concrete gave deflection less and also there was a different result of deflection according the type of slab boundary condition supports.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114923721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.008
M. Tawfik
Using (PID) controller to control the trajectory motion of non-holonomic wheeled mobile robot may not be efficient especially for non-linear systems. Hence this work introduces a combination of back stepping method with the (PID) controller to obtain an efficient controller for (WMR) to deal with the non-linear systems. Different common trajectories such as infinity, circle and straight line were applied to be tracked by (WMR) to examine the control system. The results of the simulation tests of the designated trajectories with the desired trajectories were achieved through the implementation of the mean square error for x, y and the orientation. Practical swam optimization method was used to find the control gain to investigate an optimized minimum error percentage. The results of simulation show a good tracking performance with the desired trajectories.
{"title":"Motion Control of Non-Holonomic Wheeled Mobile Robot Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Method (PSO)","authors":"M. Tawfik","doi":"10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.008","url":null,"abstract":"Using (PID) controller to control the trajectory motion of non-holonomic wheeled mobile robot may not be efficient especially for non-linear systems. Hence this work introduces a combination of back stepping method with the (PID) controller to obtain an efficient controller for (WMR) to deal with the non-linear systems. Different common trajectories such as infinity, circle and straight line were applied to be tracked by (WMR) to examine the control system. The results of the simulation tests of the designated trajectories with the desired trajectories were achieved through the implementation of the mean square error for x, y and the orientation. Practical swam optimization method was used to find the control gain to investigate an optimized minimum error percentage. The results of simulation show a good tracking performance with the desired trajectories.","PeriodicalId":414074,"journal":{"name":"Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122683038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.33261/JAARU.2019.26.1.002
M. Abdulrazaq, Adil Shabeeb Jaber, A. S. Hammood, Ahmed Ghazi Abdulameer
The objective of this work is the investigation of milling process variables which resulting in optimal values of the surface roughness and material removal rate during machining of 7024 Al-alloy. The machining operation implemented on C-TEK CNC milling machine. The effects of the selected parameters on the chosen characteristics have been accomplished using Taguchi’s parameter design approach; also ANOVA had been used to evaluate the contribution of each parameter on the process outputs. Different feed rates are used ranging from (60, 80 and 100) mm/min, found that high feed rates gives a high material removal rates and good surface roughness. On the other hand, using three levels of spindle speeds found that a higher spindle speeds gives better surface roughness with a little effect on MRR. The process results showed that maximum MRR achieved (2.40) mm3/min when machining feed rate (100) mm/min, spindle speed (1000) r.p.m, and depth of cut (0.6) mm while good surface roughness (0.41 µm) when machining feed rate (100) mm/min, spindle speed (1000) r.p.m, and depth of cut (0.2) mm. The level of importance of the machining parameters for material removal rate and surface roughness and is determined by using Taguchi designing experiments and the variance analysis (ANOVA).
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