Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00069.wul
C. D. Wulf
This article focuses on the practical problems that go along with the sequencing of older non-standardised spelling forms into consonant and vowel graphemes. The issue of segmental parsing is important in research on the development of Dutch spelling, mostly drawing from thirteenth and fourteenth century charter spellings. The research aims are introduced in part 1, and then the problems of defining graphs and then syllables are discussed in part 2. These problems stem from the theoretical graphemic level, but have a very direct impact on the practical level, as they hinder the automatic parsing of tokens in the corpus, as discussed in part 3. The goal of this article is to provide partial solutions in parsing of non-standardised language data for graphemic research.
{"title":"The nature of graphs and graphemes in Middle Dutch writing and the problem of parsing","authors":"C. D. Wulf","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00069.wul","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00069.wul","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article focuses on the practical problems that go along with the sequencing of older non-standardised spelling forms into consonant and vowel graphemes. The issue of segmental parsing is important in research on the development of Dutch spelling, mostly drawing from thirteenth and fourteenth century charter spellings. The research aims are introduced in part 1, and then the problems of defining graphs and then syllables are discussed in part 2. These problems stem from the theoretical graphemic level, but have a very direct impact on the practical level, as they hinder the automatic parsing of tokens in the corpus, as discussed in part 3. The goal of this article is to provide partial solutions in parsing of non-standardised language data for graphemic research.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78587383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00065.ald
K. Dekker
{"title":"Review of Blom (2017): Glossing the Psalms. The Emergence of the Written Vernaculars in Western Europe from the Seventh to the Twelfth Centuries","authors":"K. Dekker","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00065.ald","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00065.ald","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74914418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00064.ask
J. O. Askedal
{"title":"Diachronische und synchronische Überlegungen zu deutschen Komplementsatzstrukturen","authors":"J. O. Askedal","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00064.ask","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00064.ask","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78761933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00060.vaa
M. Vaan
Middle Dutch and Middle High German possess a femininizing suffix ‑erse, of which reflexes survive in some modern dialects. Its Old Germanic preform arose from the grafting of Latin ‑issa onto the masculine suffix *‑ārja‑ in Dutch and German dialects closest to the Gallo-Romance area in the Early Middle Ages. The main aim of the present contribution is to provide hitherto underexposed details on the Dutch linguistic area, to show that the mainstream historical explanation for ‑erse in Dutch historical linguistics must be given up, and to provide a unified and more detailed account for the rise of this suffix formation in the medieval contact zone between Gallo-Romance and Germanic.
{"title":"A contact-induced strategy of femininisation","authors":"M. Vaan","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00060.vaa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00060.vaa","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Middle Dutch and Middle High German possess a femininizing suffix ‑erse, of which reflexes\u0000 survive in some modern dialects. Its Old Germanic preform arose from the grafting of Latin ‑issa onto the\u0000 masculine suffix *‑ārja‑ in Dutch and German dialects closest to the Gallo-Romance area in the Early Middle Ages.\u0000 The main aim of the present contribution is to provide hitherto underexposed details on the Dutch linguistic area, to show that\u0000 the mainstream historical explanation for ‑erse in Dutch historical linguistics must be given up, and to provide\u0000 a unified and more detailed account for the rise of this suffix formation in the medieval contact zone between Gallo-Romance and\u0000 Germanic.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80307216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00063.kim
Ronald I. Kim
The Crimean Gothic numerals sada ‘hundred’ and hazer ‘thousand’ are not of Persian origin, as long assumed in reference works, but loanwords from Alanic or another of the closely related Iranian languages spoken to the north of the Black Sea from the mid-1st millennium BC onwards. With its final vowel, sada reflects Alanic *sade (cf. Ossetic sædæ), whereas hazer can be from Alanic *hazar or *haz(a)re (cf. Ossetic ærzæ ‘countless number, myriad’). The borrowing could have occurred anytime from the 3rd century onwards, with a date in the late 4th century most likely.
{"title":"Crimean Gothic sada ‘hundred’, hazer ‘thousand’","authors":"Ronald I. Kim","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00063.kim","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00063.kim","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Crimean Gothic numerals sada ‘hundred’ and hazer ‘thousand’ are not of Persian origin, as long assumed in reference works, but loanwords from Alanic or another of the closely related Iranian languages spoken to the north of the Black Sea from the mid-1st millennium BC onwards. With its final vowel, sada reflects Alanic *sade (cf. Ossetic sædæ), whereas hazer can be from Alanic *hazar or *haz(a)re (cf. Ossetic ærzæ ‘countless number, myriad’). The borrowing could have occurred anytime from the 3rd century onwards, with a date in the late 4th century most likely.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"391 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79590227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00061.mee
B. Mees
The Vimose plane features an early runic inscription that has long remained opaque, with none of the attempts to explain it having commanded assent in the historiography. Like the inscription on the Vimose buckle, however, the text on the wood plane appears to preserve an early example of West Germanic religious language. The inscription on the sharpener shows some parallels with comparable Roman texts but also distinctively West Germanic phonological development. The text on the plane seems to be one of several early runic texts found in the Southern Scandinavian votive bogs that preserve Ingvaeonic features.
{"title":"The inscription on the Vimose plane and (other) West Germanic finds from Denmark","authors":"B. Mees","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00061.mee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00061.mee","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Vimose plane features an early runic inscription that has long remained opaque, with none of the attempts to explain it having commanded assent in the historiography. Like the inscription on the Vimose buckle, however, the text on the wood plane appears to preserve an early example of West Germanic religious language. The inscription on the sharpener shows some parallels with comparable Roman texts but also distinctively West Germanic phonological development. The text on the plane seems to be one of several early runic texts found in the Southern Scandinavian votive bogs that preserve Ingvaeonic features.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82539950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00062.har
F. Hartmann, Chiara Riegger
The Burgundian language is one of several smaller early Germanic languages that are scarcely attested and often under-researched. Moreover, it is commonly classified as an ‘East Germanic’ language, forming a Germanic subgroup alongside Northwest Germanic. This paper investigates Burgundian in detail in order to establish the most complete phonology and morphology that is currently possible with the current data base. Furthermore, we examine the linguistic relationships of Burgundian with other Germanic languages, with a focus on Gothic in particular. Our findings suggest that Burgundian does not form a coherent subgroup together with Gothic but that the data imply a common post-Proto-Germanic dialect continuum of which Burgundian, Gothic, and most likely Vandalic were a part.
{"title":"The Burgundian language and its phylogeny","authors":"F. Hartmann, Chiara Riegger","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00062.har","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00062.har","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Burgundian language is one of several smaller early Germanic languages that are scarcely attested and often under-researched. Moreover, it is commonly classified as an ‘East Germanic’ language, forming a Germanic subgroup alongside Northwest Germanic. This paper investigates Burgundian in detail in order to establish the most complete phonology and morphology that is currently possible with the current data base. Furthermore, we examine the linguistic relationships of Burgundian with other Germanic languages, with a focus on Gothic in particular. Our findings suggest that Burgundian does not form a coherent subgroup together with Gothic but that the data imply a common post-Proto-Germanic dialect continuum of which Burgundian, Gothic, and most likely Vandalic were a part.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88030931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical Germanic morphosyntax","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/nowele.74.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.74.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82928109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-19DOI: 10.1075/nowele.00049.nie
H. Nielsen
This paper was first read at a runic event held in Eichstätt in 2012 and was subsequently, in a revised and extended form, presented at the symposium on the Early History of the North-Sea Germanic Languages that took place in Odense on 13 March 2018. The paper is highly relevant to the theme of the Odense conference as well as to this special issue of NOWELE in that it deals with the runes and the language of the Undley bracteate, a stray runic find from the late fifth century discovered at Undley in Suffolk in the south-east of England. My presentation will focus on the vocalism of the Undley legend. But the linguistic perspective will be widened considerably, and I shall discuss and criticize in detail some of the major proposals for reading and interpreting this inscription within a North-Sea Germanic and Pre-Old English context.
{"title":"Deciphering the inscription of the Undley bracteate under the possibilities/restrictions of the Pre-Old English sound\u0000 system","authors":"H. Nielsen","doi":"10.1075/nowele.00049.nie","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00049.nie","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper was first read at a runic event held in Eichstätt in 2012 and was subsequently, in a revised and\u0000 extended form, presented at the symposium on the Early History of the North-Sea Germanic Languages that took\u0000 place in Odense on 13 March 2018. The paper is highly relevant to the theme of the Odense conference as well as to this special\u0000 issue of NOWELE in that it deals with the runes and the language of the Undley bracteate, a stray runic find from\u0000 the late fifth century discovered at Undley in Suffolk in the south-east of England. My presentation will focus on the vocalism of\u0000 the Undley legend. But the linguistic perspective will be widened considerably, and I shall discuss and criticize in detail some\u0000 of the major proposals for reading and interpreting this inscription within a North-Sea Germanic and Pre-Old English context.","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74643774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early history of the North Sea Germanic languages","authors":"A. Holsting, E. Kristiansen, Steffen Krogh","doi":"10.1075/nowele.74.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.74.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41411,"journal":{"name":"NOWELE-North-Western European Language Evolution","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91374823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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