Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532752
Lars Nordström, Torsten Cegrell
Properly applied, information technology can go a long way to meet challenges introduced by the changes in power flow introduced by the opening of electricity markets. To provide efficient support to utilities information systems must be well adapted to current and future business needs. For some years the goal of information systems support at utilities have been an integrated suite of IT systems that are well aligned to the business processes. This, to some extent Utopian, goal is sometimes referred to as the integrated utility. This paper presents experiences with applying a modelling approach, using established notation and standards that can be used to analyze utility-wide information system architectures. The specific characteristic of the modelling approach presented in this paper is that the modelling is done with the IEC standardised common information model as a basis. The benefits of using the approach is that it provides a straightforward method to create consistent documentation of use of data and functionality across several systems. The output created consist of unambiguous UML compliant models, and standards based functionality listings in which data and functionality duplication and overlap can be identified. The paper is concluded with a presentation of a case study in which the proposed approach was applied to a real world utility's business processes and systems. The case study shows promising results for the approach, but also underlines the need for further work
{"title":"Analyzing utility information system architectures using the common information model","authors":"Lars Nordström, Torsten Cegrell","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532752","url":null,"abstract":"Properly applied, information technology can go a long way to meet challenges introduced by the changes in power flow introduced by the opening of electricity markets. To provide efficient support to utilities information systems must be well adapted to current and future business needs. For some years the goal of information systems support at utilities have been an integrated suite of IT systems that are well aligned to the business processes. This, to some extent Utopian, goal is sometimes referred to as the integrated utility. This paper presents experiences with applying a modelling approach, using established notation and standards that can be used to analyze utility-wide information system architectures. The specific characteristic of the modelling approach presented in this paper is that the modelling is done with the IEC standardised common information model as a basis. The benefits of using the approach is that it provides a straightforward method to create consistent documentation of use of data and functionality across several systems. The output created consist of unambiguous UML compliant models, and standards based functionality listings in which data and functionality duplication and overlap can be identified. The paper is concluded with a presentation of a case study in which the proposed approach was applied to a real world utility's business processes and systems. The case study shows promising results for the approach, but also underlines the need for further work","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127189044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532736
E. Dialynas, D. Michos, D. J. Papakammenos
The paper describes the main concepts and features of an efficient and improved computational method that was developed for conducting reliability assessment studies of interconnected power systems that may also contain jointly owned generating units operating in a market environment. It is a method based on the Monte-Carlo sequential simulation approach and can analyze systems with any given configuration and operational features. The operational behavior of the interconnected systems, interconnection lines and jointly owned generating units are simulated efficiently so that a more accurate reliability assessment is achieved. An extended set of appropriate reliability and operational indices is calculated for each system, the interconnection facilities and each jointly owned generating unit. Reliability indices can also be calculated for each load-point of interest belonging to any system. All these indices can be used to measure the changes obtained due to the operation of jointly owned generating units and can help in determining the possible advantages and disadvantages of their operation. Finally, very important indices are calculated concerning the operation of power systems in a market environment that show the additional information being gained. The analysis of a typical power system based on the IEEE-RTS is also included for various case studies representing certain operating and design features that can be applied
{"title":"Reliability and cost analysis of interconnected power systems with jointly owned generating units operating in a market environment","authors":"E. Dialynas, D. Michos, D. J. Papakammenos","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532736","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the main concepts and features of an efficient and improved computational method that was developed for conducting reliability assessment studies of interconnected power systems that may also contain jointly owned generating units operating in a market environment. It is a method based on the Monte-Carlo sequential simulation approach and can analyze systems with any given configuration and operational features. The operational behavior of the interconnected systems, interconnection lines and jointly owned generating units are simulated efficiently so that a more accurate reliability assessment is achieved. An extended set of appropriate reliability and operational indices is calculated for each system, the interconnection facilities and each jointly owned generating unit. Reliability indices can also be calculated for each load-point of interest belonging to any system. All these indices can be used to measure the changes obtained due to the operation of jointly owned generating units and can help in determining the possible advantages and disadvantages of their operation. Finally, very important indices are calculated concerning the operation of power systems in a market environment that show the additional information being gained. The analysis of a typical power system based on the IEEE-RTS is also included for various case studies representing certain operating and design features that can be applied","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128208990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532745
P.M.C. Torres, R. Pestana
In the context of European electricity market liberalization, each producer and consumer aims at no trade restrictions. Power flows become higher and more dynamic while significant increase in congestion arises. In the past, the localization of generation was very stable, so the physical flows were easier to predict, the amount of electric changes was lower and the physical flows forecast uncertainty was smaller than the remaining transfer capacity. Nowadays, power flows nature has undergone major changes due to the increase of short term trading of electricity but also due to the increase of distributed generation. In this work, two of the main methods for resolving transmission grid interconnection congestions are investigated, regarding the operational planning phase: cross-border coordinated redispatching and market splitting. The study is then particularized to the future Iberian electricity market by means of system real data, i.e., real Iberian network topology and generation bids
{"title":"Congestion management methodologies: iberian electricity transmission grid","authors":"P.M.C. Torres, R. Pestana","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532745","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of European electricity market liberalization, each producer and consumer aims at no trade restrictions. Power flows become higher and more dynamic while significant increase in congestion arises. In the past, the localization of generation was very stable, so the physical flows were easier to predict, the amount of electric changes was lower and the physical flows forecast uncertainty was smaller than the remaining transfer capacity. Nowadays, power flows nature has undergone major changes due to the increase of short term trading of electricity but also due to the increase of distributed generation. In this work, two of the main methods for resolving transmission grid interconnection congestions are investigated, regarding the operational planning phase: cross-border coordinated redispatching and market splitting. The study is then particularized to the future Iberian electricity market by means of system real data, i.e., real Iberian network topology and generation bids","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127565100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532763
K. Purchała, E. Haesen, L. Meeus, R. Belmans
In this paper the authors discuss the feasibility of a zonal UCTE network model for congestion management. Zonal network model aggregates all nodes within a control zone and substitutes it by one equivalent node; individual cross-border lines are substituted by equivalent one link per border. This model allows derivation of power transfer distribution factors PTDF matrix that could model the interaction between zonal power injections and cross-border flows, and therefore allow for the implementation of flow-based congestion management models
{"title":"Zonal network model of European interconnected electricity network","authors":"K. Purchała, E. Haesen, L. Meeus, R. Belmans","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532763","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the authors discuss the feasibility of a zonal UCTE network model for congestion management. Zonal network model aggregates all nodes within a control zone and substitutes it by one equivalent node; individual cross-border lines are substituted by equivalent one link per border. This model allows derivation of power transfer distribution factors PTDF matrix that could model the interaction between zonal power injections and cross-border flows, and therefore allow for the implementation of flow-based congestion management models","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122398442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532735
N. Wakuta, R. Hara, T. Oyama, K. Okada, I. Kurihara
This paper quantitatively evaluated the performance and characteristics of three kinds of congestion relieving technique (TLR, ranking method and CC method) from the viewpoint of social welfare and congestion charge. The results confirmed that the CC method attains comparatively high social welfare as well as economic fairness in both the simple three-bus system and the IEEJ EAST 10-machine system. Administrative relieving methods might achieve congestion relief with higher social welfare than CC, however, the economic impacts imposed on market participant are unequal. That is, it is difficult to secure economic fairness by administrative methods. Furthermore, numerical studies revealed a negative correlation between total congestion costs and social welfare
本文从社会福利和拥堵收费的角度，定量评价了三种拥堵缓解技术(TLR法、排序法和CC法)的性能和特点。结果表明，CC法在简单三母线系统和IEEJ EAST 10机系统中均具有较高的社会福利和经济公平性。行政救济方式可能比行政救济方式获得更高的社会福利，但对市场参与者的经济影响是不平等的。也就是说，很难通过行政手段来确保经济公平。此外，数值研究揭示了总拥堵成本与社会福利之间的负相关关系
{"title":"Economical assessment of transmission congestion relieving technique for bilateral electricity transaction","authors":"N. Wakuta, R. Hara, T. Oyama, K. Okada, I. Kurihara","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532735","url":null,"abstract":"This paper quantitatively evaluated the performance and characteristics of three kinds of congestion relieving technique (TLR, ranking method and CC method) from the viewpoint of social welfare and congestion charge. The results confirmed that the CC method attains comparatively high social welfare as well as economic fairness in both the simple three-bus system and the IEEJ EAST 10-machine system. Administrative relieving methods might achieve congestion relief with higher social welfare than CC, however, the economic impacts imposed on market participant are unequal. That is, it is difficult to secure economic fairness by administrative methods. Furthermore, numerical studies revealed a negative correlation between total congestion costs and social welfare","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116472859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532755
J. Brosda, E. Handschin
Congestion management situations may occur between different control areas. The TSO of one control area does not have the detailed network data of the neighboring networks. An augmented Lagrange decomposition optimization is used in this paper where each TSO optimizes his own network with respect to possible network congestions. A central coordination with a small data exchange optimizes the overall system
{"title":"Corrective congestion management based on hierarchical optimization","authors":"J. Brosda, E. Handschin","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532755","url":null,"abstract":"Congestion management situations may occur between different control areas. The TSO of one control area does not have the detailed network data of the neighboring networks. An augmented Lagrange decomposition optimization is used in this paper where each TSO optimizes his own network with respect to possible network congestions. A central coordination with a small data exchange optimizes the overall system","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"186 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124929480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532751
P. Jintagosonwit, P. Jintakosonwit, N. Wattanapongsakorn
This paper proposed a technique to optimize the total costs of distributed control center (DCC) planning in electrical distribution system, which consists of outage costs (from the point of view of both customers and utility providers), traveling cost from each DCC to the associate unmanned client substations, and DCC room renovation. This is performed by effectively searching for appropriate locations of DCCs and their unmanned substations. Although the up-to-date statistic data is used, it is effective to reanalyze and decide the new DCC locations as long as the benefit of changing is suitable. In this research, a genetic algorithm, which is a heuristic optimization technique, is applied and able to provide very cost-effective results. The GA is a promising technique for large-size problem solving whereas traditional optimization approaches such as integer programming and linear/non-linear programming techniques are not applicable
{"title":"Optimization of distributed control center locations on electrical distribution system","authors":"P. Jintagosonwit, P. Jintakosonwit, N. Wattanapongsakorn","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532751","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed a technique to optimize the total costs of distributed control center (DCC) planning in electrical distribution system, which consists of outage costs (from the point of view of both customers and utility providers), traveling cost from each DCC to the associate unmanned client substations, and DCC room renovation. This is performed by effectively searching for appropriate locations of DCCs and their unmanned substations. Although the up-to-date statistic data is used, it is effective to reanalyze and decide the new DCC locations as long as the benefit of changing is suitable. In this research, a genetic algorithm, which is a heuristic optimization technique, is applied and able to provide very cost-effective results. The GA is a promising technique for large-size problem solving whereas traditional optimization approaches such as integer programming and linear/non-linear programming techniques are not applicable","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125033417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532732
K. Uhlen, L. Warland, O. S. Grande
Alternative methodologies have been proposed where power flow calculations are included, and the main purpose of this paper is to present a simulation model which can be used to assess alternative methods for congestion management. The paper describes a simulation model where the flow based market coupling method is implemented and demonstrated. This method can be seen as a compromise between nodal pricing and market splitting (area pricing), where the criterion for congestion management is minimization of the socio-economic congestion cost. The main principles for the proposed model are described, and case studies are performed on a generic system model in order to highlight the main characteristics of the method, and to summarise the main benefits and challenges that remain for a practical implementation of the flow based market coupling method. The case studies show that the method has the potential to solve the congestion management problem in a way that is optimal from a socio-economic point of view. The total costs of congestions are minimized, and the maximum differences in area prices are normally reduced. As a consequence the transmission system utilization is improved and the market players' risk referred to area prices is reduced. However, a successful implementation of the method depends heavily on the power flow model that is applied. It is of vital importance that this model is sufficiently accurate and continuously updated to predict the actual power flows on the main cross-border transmission corridors
{"title":"Model for area price determination and congestion management in joint power markets","authors":"K. Uhlen, L. Warland, O. S. Grande","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532732","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative methodologies have been proposed where power flow calculations are included, and the main purpose of this paper is to present a simulation model which can be used to assess alternative methods for congestion management. The paper describes a simulation model where the flow based market coupling method is implemented and demonstrated. This method can be seen as a compromise between nodal pricing and market splitting (area pricing), where the criterion for congestion management is minimization of the socio-economic congestion cost. The main principles for the proposed model are described, and case studies are performed on a generic system model in order to highlight the main characteristics of the method, and to summarise the main benefits and challenges that remain for a practical implementation of the flow based market coupling method. The case studies show that the method has the potential to solve the congestion management problem in a way that is optimal from a socio-economic point of view. The total costs of congestions are minimized, and the maximum differences in area prices are normally reduced. As a consequence the transmission system utilization is improved and the market players' risk referred to area prices is reduced. However, a successful implementation of the method depends heavily on the power flow model that is applied. It is of vital importance that this model is sufficiently accurate and continuously updated to predict the actual power flows on the main cross-border transmission corridors","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"541 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117045620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532754
T. Kostic, N. Čukalevski
Based on a questionnaire on data exchange issues related to control centres, prepared on the behalf of Cigre WG C2.01, we have analysed answers of 26 respondents from all over the world. In this paper, we present the most interesting findings of that analysis
根据代表Cigre WG C2.01编写的关于控制中心相关数据交换问题的问卷，我们分析了来自世界各地的26名受访者的答案。在本文中，我们将介绍该分析中最有趣的发现
{"title":"Data exchange issues within the power system operation and control environment","authors":"T. Kostic, N. Čukalevski","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532754","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a questionnaire on data exchange issues related to control centres, prepared on the behalf of Cigre WG C2.01, we have analysed answers of 26 respondents from all over the world. In this paper, we present the most interesting findings of that analysis","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130451462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-21DOI: 10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532729
J.Y. Da Silva, G. Matas, J. Bermúdez, A.C. Neira, A. Ferreira, J. Pérez
This paper has as main objective to present a methodology to determine the costs associated to power transmission and its adequate remuneration, under a criterion of efficiency, for the Venezuelan electric power system. A proposed model establishes incomes by the daily sales of energy, bilateral contracts and congestion, and it was evaluated for a six node test system and the Venezuelan national interconnected system. The suggested methodology, a schema of tariff rates in two parts in a neighborhood where coexist the spot market and long-term contracts with transmission rights of type FTR, seems to give consistent results, adjusted to the requirements of income of the transmission company. The suggested methodology is simple and represents an easy implementation with the adequate tools. In spite of the proposed model, which complies with the suggested guidelines and fits the requirements of the Venezuelan law for the electrical service, efforts in results with this methodology for Venezuelan NES must keep being carried out, using better quality information. This must be performed in order to have greater certainty, or not, of its good functioning, since, the power wholesale market in Venezuela have not been given many advances and the application of LOSE is frozen, there is not a point of comparison nowadays
{"title":"Selection and application of the methodology of cost allocation of electric power transmission in the Venezuelan interconnected system","authors":"J.Y. Da Silva, G. Matas, J. Bermúdez, A.C. Neira, A. Ferreira, J. Pérez","doi":"10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIGRE.2005.1532729","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has as main objective to present a methodology to determine the costs associated to power transmission and its adequate remuneration, under a criterion of efficiency, for the Venezuelan electric power system. A proposed model establishes incomes by the daily sales of energy, bilateral contracts and congestion, and it was evaluated for a six node test system and the Venezuelan national interconnected system. The suggested methodology, a schema of tariff rates in two parts in a neighborhood where coexist the spot market and long-term contracts with transmission rights of type FTR, seems to give consistent results, adjusted to the requirements of income of the transmission company. The suggested methodology is simple and represents an easy implementation with the adequate tools. In spite of the proposed model, which complies with the suggested guidelines and fits the requirements of the Venezuelan law for the electrical service, efforts in results with this methodology for Venezuelan NES must keep being carried out, using better quality information. This must be performed in order to have greater certainty, or not, of its good functioning, since, the power wholesale market in Venezuela have not been given many advances and the application of LOSE is frozen, there is not a point of comparison nowadays","PeriodicalId":414346,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005.","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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