T. Do, T. Le, N. Pham, D. Dinh, Duc-Huu Nguyen, W. Khanitchaidecha
The livestock sector is one of the fastest growing agricultural subsectors in Viet Nam, resulting in growing demand to sustainably dispose or re-use livestock waste. This research examined the current adoption of biogas digestion of livestock waste treatment at household farms in order to provide insights for policy towards effective implementation. A questionnaire survey was conducted in September 2019, with the participation of 120 livestock owners in Nghe An province, which focussed on accessing their perspectives on biogas and examination of factors impacting their decisions to utilize this technology. Most respondents determined biogas to be an attractive solution for improving the environment. However, several factors limited the development of biogas installation, including technical and financial barriers, awareness and capacity limitations, and financial support as the most significant of these. Government support and policies that encourage household biogas utilization as a sustainable energy source to combat climate change is recommended.
{"title":"Evaluation of prospects and barriers of biogas produced from livestock waste towards sustainable developmentand adaptation to climate change in Nghe An province, Viet Nam","authors":"T. Do, T. Le, N. Pham, D. Dinh, Duc-Huu Nguyen, W. Khanitchaidecha","doi":"10.30852/sb.2021.1587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2021.1587","url":null,"abstract":"The livestock sector is one of the fastest growing agricultural subsectors in Viet Nam, resulting in growing demand to sustainably dispose or re-use livestock waste. This research examined the current adoption of biogas digestion of livestock waste treatment at household farms in order to provide insights for policy towards effective implementation. A questionnaire survey was conducted in September 2019, with the participation of 120 livestock owners in Nghe An province, which focussed on accessing their perspectives on biogas and examination of factors impacting their decisions to utilize this technology. Most respondents determined biogas to be an attractive solution for improving the environment. However, several factors limited the development of biogas installation, including technical and financial barriers, awareness and capacity limitations, and financial support as the most significant of these. Government support and policies that encourage household biogas utilization as a sustainable energy source to combat climate change is recommended.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130654062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thusitha Bandara, B. Marambe, G. Pushpakumara, Pradeepa Silva, R. Punyawardena, S. Premalal, L. Manawadu, M. G. Miah, K. Dahal
This study assessed the climate resilience and characterized the existing farming systems in steep terrain in the hilly regions in South Asia. The farming systems considered were at an elevation (cid:21) 300 m in the mountain regions of two sites from Sri Lanka (Hatton and Welimada) and one site each from Bangladesh (Chittagong) and Nepal (Jhikhu Khola). A Climate Resilient Index (CRI i ) score, varying from 0 (negligible resilience) and 1 (very high resilience), was calculated for each household using 31 parameters under Adaptive Capacity (ADC), Absorptive Capacity (ABC) and Transfor-mative Capacity (TC). To spatially represent the CRI i , the four study locations were mapped using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique of GIS. All 424 households in the study sites scored a CRI i between 0.36 and 0.76, while the average CRI was the highest in Hatton (0.67), followed by Welimada (0.60), Jhikhu Khola (0.59) and Chittagong (0.48). Different demographic, socioeconomic and environmental parameters have contributed to the level of climate resilience of farming system units. Iden-tification of good management practices of the climate-resilient farming systems and implementing those practices in vulnerable systems would increase the resilience and well-being of farming communities in steep terrain of mountain regions in south Asia.
{"title":"Climate resilience of farming systems in steep mountain terrain of selected regions in South Asia","authors":"Thusitha Bandara, B. Marambe, G. Pushpakumara, Pradeepa Silva, R. Punyawardena, S. Premalal, L. Manawadu, M. G. Miah, K. Dahal","doi":"10.30852/sb.2021.1598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2021.1598","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the climate resilience and characterized the existing farming systems in steep terrain in the hilly regions in South Asia. The farming systems considered were at an elevation (cid:21) 300 m in the mountain regions of two sites from Sri Lanka (Hatton and Welimada) and one site each from Bangladesh (Chittagong) and Nepal (Jhikhu Khola). A Climate Resilient Index (CRI i ) score, varying from 0 (negligible resilience) and 1 (very high resilience), was calculated for each household using 31 parameters under Adaptive Capacity (ADC), Absorptive Capacity (ABC) and Transfor-mative Capacity (TC). To spatially represent the CRI i , the four study locations were mapped using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique of GIS. All 424 households in the study sites scored a CRI i between 0.36 and 0.76, while the average CRI was the highest in Hatton (0.67), followed by Welimada (0.60), Jhikhu Khola (0.59) and Chittagong (0.48). Different demographic, socioeconomic and environmental parameters have contributed to the level of climate resilience of farming system units. Iden-tification of good management practices of the climate-resilient farming systems and implementing those practices in vulnerable systems would increase the resilience and well-being of farming communities in steep terrain of mountain regions in south Asia.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125689433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This research aims to explore the integration of land use, climate, and water resources for urban resilience in Bangkok, Thailand and Hanoi, Viet Nam, both of which are megacities of Southeast Asia. Climate projections using the WorldClim database for 2050 in Bangkok reveal an increase in temperature by 8.2 percent, while precipitation will tend to slightly decrease by 7.47 percent compared to 1960-1990. The model also forecasts warmer temperature by 10.97 percent and a slight decrease by 2.6 percent in precipitation in Hanoi by 2050. Scenario-based land use projection using the CLUMondo model reveals a higher urban expansion rate in Bangkok and Hanoi under “business as usual” (BAU) scenarios. Regarding the Green Growth (GG) scenario, forest cover in Hanoi is expected to increase at a higher rate than Bangkok by 2050. A projected increase in water demand by 2050 in both cities will come from agriculture and industrial expansion, an increase in the population, and higher living standards. Bangkok and Hanoi are particularly vulnerable to water shortage from less precipitation in 2050, which will cause water supply problems in the future. The combined impact of climate and land-use change by 2050 may lead to urban water supply problems. Urban planners and policymakers should consider the significant impacts of water security and prepare for city mitigation and adaptation to cope with these changes.
{"title":"Integrated analysis of climate, land use and water for resilience urban megacities: A case study of Thailand and Viet Nam","authors":"Sathaporn Monprapussorn, Le Phoung Ha","doi":"10.30852/sb.2021.1556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2021.1556","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This research aims to explore the integration of land use, climate, and water resources for urban resilience in Bangkok, Thailand and Hanoi, Viet Nam, both of which are megacities of Southeast Asia. Climate projections using the WorldClim database for 2050 in Bangkok reveal an increase in temperature by 8.2 percent, while precipitation will tend to slightly decrease by 7.47 percent compared to 1960-1990. The model also forecasts warmer temperature by 10.97 percent and a slight decrease by 2.6 percent in precipitation in Hanoi by 2050. Scenario-based land use projection using the CLUMondo model reveals a higher urban expansion rate in Bangkok and Hanoi under “business as usual” (BAU) scenarios. Regarding the Green Growth (GG) scenario, forest cover in Hanoi is expected to increase at a higher rate than Bangkok by 2050. A projected increase in water demand by 2050 in both cities will come from agriculture and industrial expansion, an increase in the population, and higher living standards. Bangkok and Hanoi are particularly vulnerable to water shortage from less precipitation in 2050, which will cause water supply problems in the future. The combined impact of climate and land-use change by 2050 may lead to urban water supply problems. Urban planners and policymakers should consider the significant impacts of water security and prepare for city mitigation and adaptation to cope with these changes.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131385387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lam Vu Thanh Noi, Richard T. Cooper, Dinh Thi Xuan Trang, Tran Quang Minh, C. T. Huong, Spoann Vin, Sath Sitak, Rotchana Intharathirat, Jaranporn Lertsahakul, Tran Thi Tinh
In Southeast Asia, climate change will potentially have negative consequences for urban transportation infrastructure (UTI). It is necessary to improve the understanding of climate change-associated loss and damage in relation to UTI to ensure the sustainability of existing transportation assets and for prioritizing future investments. However, there is currently limited knowledge on how to practically assess loss and damage for UTI in the context of climate change and then to incorporate appropriate adaptation measures and strategies to future-proof transportation planning. This study presents the results and experiences from assessing climate change-related loss and damage to UTI in six cities of Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam. One pilot city from each country was selected for assessment by applying NK-GIAS software to determine loss and damage for urban roads. It was found that the six selected cities were highly vulnerable to climate change given their location and exposure to sea-level rise, storm surge, flooding, and salinity intrusion. Through analyses conducted using NK-GIAS software, economic losses for different flood scenarios were determined. The linkage between flooding and road damage was demonstrated, with maximum damage estimations under the most extreme flooding scenario of approximately 20 million USD for Hoi An, 3 million USD for Kampot and 21 million USD for Samut Sakhon, corresponding to water levels of 3.4 m, 4.0 m and 2.7 m respectively. Damage to the road network was identified as a key impact related to climate change. Further research is recommended to develop appropriate damage curves through laboratory analysis, addressing both flood depth and duration, to strengthen the NK-GIAS analyses undertaken in this study.
{"title":"Climate change risk assessment and adaptation for loss and damage of urban transportation infrastructure in Southeast Asia","authors":"Lam Vu Thanh Noi, Richard T. Cooper, Dinh Thi Xuan Trang, Tran Quang Minh, C. T. Huong, Spoann Vin, Sath Sitak, Rotchana Intharathirat, Jaranporn Lertsahakul, Tran Thi Tinh","doi":"10.30852/sb.2021.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2021.1436","url":null,"abstract":"In Southeast Asia, climate change will potentially have negative consequences for urban transportation infrastructure (UTI). It is necessary to improve the understanding of climate change-associated loss and damage in relation to UTI to ensure the sustainability of existing transportation assets and for prioritizing future investments. However, there is currently limited knowledge on how to practically assess loss and damage for UTI in the context of climate change and then to incorporate appropriate adaptation measures and strategies to future-proof transportation planning. This study presents the results and experiences from assessing climate change-related loss and damage to UTI in six cities of Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam. One pilot city from each country was selected for assessment by applying NK-GIAS software to determine loss and damage for urban roads. It was found that the six selected cities were highly vulnerable to climate change given their location and exposure to sea-level rise, storm surge, flooding, and salinity intrusion. Through analyses conducted using NK-GIAS software, economic losses for different flood scenarios were determined. The linkage between flooding and road damage was demonstrated, with maximum damage estimations under the most extreme flooding scenario of approximately 20 million USD for Hoi An, 3 million USD for Kampot and 21 million USD for Samut Sakhon, corresponding to water levels of 3.4 m, 4.0 m and 2.7 m respectively. Damage to the road network was identified as a key impact related to climate change. Further research is recommended to develop appropriate damage curves through laboratory analysis, addressing both flood depth and duration, to strengthen the NK-GIAS analyses undertaken in this study.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127878783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current studies on civic engagement offer a critical examination of global civil society's struggles for a sustainable future. The liberal conception of civic engagement sees citizens as voluntary and participatory political subjects in their capacity to achieve a sustainability agenda. In Asia, such conceptions meet with the complex nature of power relations. Using a Gramscian approach and interpretive analysis, this paper draws on the struggles for hegemony, where power relations manifest subtly in state policy, market economy and civil society domains. Learning from the transformative learning experiences of various civil society actors, this study argues that in Asian realities, civic engagement is deeply concerned with the underlying structure of power, forms of negotiation and power dynamics. Political asymmetry is often made implicit by the privileged or uncritically internalized in civic life. There is a need to examine civic engagement as part of "the political", in which antagonism and contradiction are constitutive to social change. Furthermore, civic engagement can, and does, stimulate citizens' deliberate and concerted action against inequality, injustice and indignity.
{"title":"Venturing sustainability: Political lessons from civic engagement and transformative learning in Asia","authors":"M. Hapsari, Dicky Sofjan, Theodore Mayer","doi":"10.30852/sb.2021.1543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2021.1543","url":null,"abstract":"Current studies on civic engagement offer a critical examination of global civil society's struggles for a sustainable future. The liberal conception of civic engagement sees citizens as voluntary and participatory political subjects in their capacity to achieve a sustainability agenda. In Asia, such conceptions meet with the complex nature of power relations. Using a Gramscian approach and interpretive analysis, this paper draws on the struggles for hegemony, where power relations manifest subtly in state policy, market economy and civil society domains. Learning from the transformative learning experiences of various civil society actors, this study argues that in Asian realities, civic engagement is deeply concerned with the underlying structure of power, forms of negotiation and power dynamics. Political asymmetry is often made implicit by the privileged or uncritically internalized in civic life. There is a need to examine civic engagement as part of \"the political\", in which antagonism and contradiction are constitutive to social change. Furthermore, civic engagement can, and does, stimulate citizens' deliberate and concerted action against inequality, injustice and indignity.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123797165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Basnayake, M. Ulubaşoğlu, M. H. Rahman, S. Premalal, L. Chandrapala, M. L. Shrestha, S. Jayasinghe, Niladri Gupta
Agriculture production largely depends on weather conditions and is extremely prone to natural hazards. A more frequent and severe occurrence of natural hazards such as storms and floods has put food security at increased risk in recent decades. Evaluating the true impact (loss and damage) of disaster in the agriculture sector is very challenging. The present study focusses on using a zrandomized field experimental approach at both district and micro agricultural-plot levels to investigate the impact of floods on agricultural yields in Sri Lanka and its effect on farmers who are averse to taking risks and those who are willing to take risks. A detailed site selection technique has been used in the study. The dissimilarity in difference estimates indicates that flood-affected households have experienced the loss of paddy and non-paddy crops. However, the net loss of non-paddy is higher than that in paddy. Farmers offset this loss by expanding crop cultivated areas zthat utilize soaked fields after the flood, though there are risks of pest attack and diseases. The results are not driven by household-specific characteristics and are robust to several specifications, different crop types and alternative flood-severity measures.
{"title":"Assessing potential loss and damage for flood hazard using an econometric modelling technique","authors":"S. Basnayake, M. Ulubaşoğlu, M. H. Rahman, S. Premalal, L. Chandrapala, M. L. Shrestha, S. Jayasinghe, Niladri Gupta","doi":"10.30852/SB.2021.1499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/SB.2021.1499","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture production largely depends on weather conditions and is extremely prone to natural hazards. A more frequent and severe occurrence of natural hazards such as storms and floods has put food security at increased risk in recent decades. Evaluating the true impact (loss and damage) of disaster in the agriculture sector is very challenging. The present study focusses on using a zrandomized field experimental approach at both district and micro agricultural-plot levels to investigate the impact of floods on agricultural yields in Sri Lanka and its effect on farmers who are averse to taking risks and those who are willing to take risks. A detailed site selection technique has been used in the study. The dissimilarity in difference estimates indicates that flood-affected households have experienced the loss of paddy and non-paddy crops. However, the net loss of non-paddy is higher than that in paddy. Farmers offset this loss by expanding crop cultivated areas zthat utilize soaked fields after the flood, though there are risks of pest attack and diseases. The results are not driven by household-specific characteristics and are robust to several specifications, different crop types and alternative flood-severity measures.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"72 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114036161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dewayany Sutrisno, M. Hashim, Peter Tian-Yuan Shi, R. Qin, Rahman Syaifoel, Pramadita Witjaksono
Global environmental change makes us aware of the impact of natural hazards. Natural hazards are phenomena with large spatial dimensions and impacts but whose mapping and monitoring data can be recorded only by using satellite or aerial remote-imaging platforms (Poursanidis & Chrysoulakis, 2017). Given that Southeast Asia is the region in the world that is most vulnerable to disasters, it is necessary to implement capacity building for the young scientists in this region so that integrated disaster communities can be developed in their respective countries and possibly in the whole of Southeast Asia. This can be done through summer school, one of the best ways to transfer knowledge. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to explain the use of summer school to improve young scientists’ knowledge and understanding of rapid-mapping techniques; and (2) to perform a qualitative assessment of a summer school for rapid-mapping projects. The results of this project showed an increase in the basic science knowledge of the summer school participants (representatives of eight Southeast Asian countries) in terms of initial disaster data provision, field data acquisition using unmanned aerial vehicles, and the rapid-mapping system development design.
{"title":"Rapid mapping technique for data acquisition: The case of a summer school in the Banjarnegara district, Indonesia","authors":"Dewayany Sutrisno, M. Hashim, Peter Tian-Yuan Shi, R. Qin, Rahman Syaifoel, Pramadita Witjaksono","doi":"10.30852/SB.2021.1396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/SB.2021.1396","url":null,"abstract":"Global environmental change makes us aware of the impact of natural hazards. Natural hazards are phenomena with large spatial dimensions and impacts but whose mapping and monitoring data can be recorded only by using satellite or aerial remote-imaging platforms (Poursanidis & Chrysoulakis, 2017). Given that Southeast Asia is the region in the world that is most vulnerable to disasters, it is necessary to implement capacity building for the young scientists in this region so that integrated disaster communities can be developed in their respective countries and possibly in the whole of Southeast Asia. This can be done through summer school, one of the best ways to transfer knowledge. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to explain the use of summer school to improve young scientists’ knowledge and understanding of rapid-mapping techniques; and (2) to perform a qualitative assessment of a summer school for rapid-mapping projects. The results of this project showed an increase in the basic science knowledge of the summer school participants (representatives of eight Southeast Asian countries) in terms of initial disaster data provision, field data acquisition using unmanned aerial vehicles, and the rapid-mapping system development design.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124681480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Pulhin, Maricel A. Tapia-Villamayor, Catherine L. de Luna, R. Cruz, A. Peria, Danesto B. Anacio, W. Carandang, Vida Q. Carandang, R. Peras, Lorena L. Sabino, D. Gevaña, Liezl B. Grefalda, F. Pulhin, Josephine E. Garcia, C. Tiburan, Nico R. Almarines
Climate Disaster Risk Assessment (CDRA) and Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) provide the scientific and legal platform for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Philippines. This APN CAPaBLE project responds to the limited technical capacity of local government units (LGUs) to comply with this requirement through collaborative capacity building. Evaluation of CDRA and LCCAP led to a National Interagency Technical and Policy Forum to formulate action plans and fast-track preparations. The initial stage of the project demonstrated collaborative advantage as a condition for mobilizing human and financial resources was enabled. Collaborative inertia set in once the technical limitations of Aurora LGUs surfaced to complete the CDRA. This mirrored the results of the institutional capacity survey, administered to 87 disaster risk reduction and management Technical Working Group (TWG) members, highlighting the LGUs limitations in data availability and functional knowledge on climate change. Thus, a shift in capacity building strategy through focused mentoring and managing LGU expectations was done. The Aurora LGUs successfully completed its CDRA and LCCAP requirements through a lengthy and arduous process. It was acknowledged that CDRA preparation has a steep learning curve and competes heavily with other multiple functions and pressing demands from the LGUs. The national interagency forum resolution suggested that the CDRA be assigned to another government agency while LGUs shift capacity development initiatives to understanding and mainstreaming scientific assessment into local plans. The project experience highlights the difficult, yet promising, path to human security development and resilience building and underscored prudence and urgency of adaptation planning at the local level.
{"title":"Enhancing resilience through capacity building in LCCAP formulation in the local government of Aurora, Philippines","authors":"J. Pulhin, Maricel A. Tapia-Villamayor, Catherine L. de Luna, R. Cruz, A. Peria, Danesto B. Anacio, W. Carandang, Vida Q. Carandang, R. Peras, Lorena L. Sabino, D. Gevaña, Liezl B. Grefalda, F. Pulhin, Josephine E. Garcia, C. Tiburan, Nico R. Almarines","doi":"10.30852/SB.2021.1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/SB.2021.1411","url":null,"abstract":"Climate Disaster Risk Assessment (CDRA) and Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) provide the scientific and legal platform for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Philippines. This APN CAPaBLE project responds to the limited technical capacity of local government units (LGUs) to comply with this requirement through collaborative capacity building. Evaluation of CDRA and LCCAP led to a National Interagency Technical and Policy Forum to formulate action plans and fast-track preparations.\u0000The initial stage of the project demonstrated collaborative advantage as a condition for mobilizing human and financial resources was enabled. Collaborative inertia set in once the technical limitations of Aurora LGUs surfaced to complete the CDRA. This mirrored the results of the institutional capacity survey, administered to 87 disaster risk reduction and management Technical Working Group (TWG) members, highlighting the LGUs limitations in data availability and functional knowledge on climate change. Thus, a shift in capacity building strategy through focused mentoring and managing LGU expectations was done.\u0000The Aurora LGUs successfully completed its CDRA and LCCAP requirements through a lengthy and arduous process. It was acknowledged that CDRA preparation has a steep learning curve and competes heavily with other multiple functions and pressing demands from the LGUs. The national interagency forum resolution suggested that the CDRA be assigned to another government agency while LGUs shift capacity development initiatives to understanding and mainstreaming scientific assessment into local plans. \u0000The project experience highlights the difficult, yet promising, path to human security development and resilience building and underscored prudence and urgency of adaptation planning at the local level.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121696164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While studies show that climate change is exacerbating health effects due to extreme hot weather, scientific evidence in the Asia-Pacific region remains scarce. In this study, we aim to assess the health effects of extreme temperature, identify individual and community factors contributing to population vulnerability, and develop adaptation strategies for temperature-related health risks. Various methods were adopted for different research purposes in the study. Distributed lag non-linear model and conditional Poisson model were used to assess temperature-health associations. Subgroup analysis, hierarchical Bayesian model and logistic regression model were used for identifying vulnerable subgroups. Results showed that extreme temperature is associated with a range of human morbidity or mortality outcomes in the selected Asia-Pacific localities. The interaction of extreme temperature and air pollution also increased health risks. It is projected that heat-related health effects will increase dramatically under climate change scenarios with urban expansion and ageing population in the near future. Vulnerable subgroups in the study were identified as the elderly, people with pre-existing diseases, outdoor workers, residents living in high population density areas, and those with low socio-economic status. In addition, a few cities developed adaptation strategies to manage the health risks as a result of extreme temperatures, such as heat-health action plans and early warning systems. Future efforts should be taken to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation strategies for alleviating public health impacts of climate change in the Asia-Pacific region. Adaptation, Climate change, Health effect, Morbidity, Mortality, Temperature, Vulnerability
{"title":"Assessing the health effects of extreme temperature and development of adaptation strategies to climate change in selected countries in the Asia-Pacific region","authors":"Liangliang Cheng, Cunrui Huang","doi":"10.30852/sb.2019.854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2019.854","url":null,"abstract":"While studies show that climate change is exacerbating health effects due to extreme hot weather, scientific evidence in the Asia-Pacific region remains scarce. In this study, we aim to assess the health effects of extreme temperature, identify individual and community factors contributing to population vulnerability, and develop adaptation strategies for temperature-related health risks. Various methods were adopted for different research purposes in the study. Distributed lag non-linear model and conditional Poisson model were used to assess temperature-health associations. Subgroup analysis, hierarchical Bayesian model and logistic regression model were used for identifying vulnerable subgroups. Results showed that extreme temperature is associated with a range of human morbidity or mortality outcomes in the selected Asia-Pacific localities. The interaction of extreme temperature and air pollution also increased health risks. It is projected that heat-related health effects will increase dramatically under climate change scenarios with urban expansion and ageing population in the near future. Vulnerable subgroups in the study were identified as the elderly, people with pre-existing diseases, outdoor workers, residents living in high population density areas, and those with low socio-economic status. In addition, a few cities developed adaptation strategies to manage the health risks as a result of extreme temperatures, such as heat-health action plans and early warning systems. Future efforts should be taken to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation strategies for alleviating public health impacts of climate change in the Asia-Pacific region. Adaptation, Climate change, Health effect, Morbidity, Mortality, Temperature, Vulnerability","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122482739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Ahmed, T. Gajendran, G. Brewer, K. Maund, J. Meding, H. Kabir, M. Faruk, H. Shrestha, N. Sitoula
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{"title":"Opportunities and challenges of compliance to safe building codes: Bangladesh and Nepal","authors":"I. Ahmed, T. Gajendran, G. Brewer, K. Maund, J. Meding, H. Kabir, M. Faruk, H. Shrestha, N. Sitoula","doi":"10.30852/sb.2019.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2019.834","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122004949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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