Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.10
S. Manjula
Energy is an essential ingredient for human life on earth. It is used in all activities of society, for preparing meals, making cloth, building house, industries and other activities. Human beings require energy at an increasing rate for their sustenance and well-being. The present study is an attempt to understand the details with types of energy use in India. The largest energy source is coal, followed by petroleum and traditional biomass. According to the 2011 Census, the household-level data indicates that only 55.3 per cent of rural homes used electricity as the primary source for lighting. Energy access, with about one fourth of the population lacking access to electricity and energy security, with the country relying on imports for a considerable amount of its energy use, particularly for crude petroleum are key challenges that the country faces with respect to energy. Wide disparity in energy use pattern between the haves and have-nots, urban and rural are also a cause of concern.
{"title":"Energy Resources and Its Present Use in India","authors":"S. Manjula","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is an essential ingredient for human life on earth. It is used in all activities of society, for preparing meals, making cloth, building house, industries and other activities. Human beings require energy at an increasing rate for their sustenance and well-being. The present study is an attempt to understand the details with types of energy use in India. The largest energy source is coal, followed by petroleum and traditional biomass. According to the 2011 Census, the household-level data indicates that only 55.3 per cent of rural homes used electricity as the primary source for lighting. Energy access, with about one fourth of the population lacking access to electricity and energy security, with the country relying on imports for a considerable amount of its energy use, particularly for crude petroleum are key challenges that the country faces with respect to energy. Wide disparity in energy use pattern between the haves and have-nots, urban and rural are also a cause of concern.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131659339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.5
N. Chimote, Aaditya Anil Srivastava
Peacock Solar is a household solar installation company based in Gurugram, Haryana. It provides hassle free installation of solar power. In an era of rising demand for renewable energy, solar power is seen as a future of energy. The markets are becoming more competitive as better technologies increase the efficiency and lower the cost of solar power. In India, solar power is in its nascent stage of development and being price sensitive markets, cost remains the bottom line of competition. The present study is an attempt to showcase the strategy adopted by Peacock solar to enhance its sales by making solar available on finance.” The objective of this research paper is come up with a model that anticipates the probability associated with default for homeowner who avails solar on finance. The next objective is to develop a scorecard that represents this probability of default in form of credit score for enhanced understanding and decision making. By making solar available on finance, the company aims to overcome its price related hindrances. The methodology used for development of credit risk model is Logistic Regression as it is one of the best techniques for predicting a binary outcome (will default or will not default). This is followed by a technique for scorecard development. It can then be concluded that credit risk can be reduced to a considerable extent if correct analytical methodologies are put in place which will bring down the default rates on credit.
{"title":"Credit Risk Modelling for Assessing Creditworthiness for Homeowners Who Can Avail Solar on Finance at Peacock Solar, Gurugram","authors":"N. Chimote, Aaditya Anil Srivastava","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Peacock Solar is a household solar installation company based in Gurugram, Haryana. It provides hassle free installation of solar power. In an era of rising demand for renewable energy, solar power is seen as a future of energy. The markets are becoming more competitive as better technologies increase the efficiency and lower the cost of solar power. In India, solar power is in its nascent stage of development and being price sensitive markets, cost remains the bottom line of competition. The present study is an attempt to showcase the strategy adopted by Peacock solar to enhance its sales by making solar available on finance.” The objective of this research paper is come up with a model that anticipates the probability associated with default for homeowner who avails solar on finance. The next objective is to develop a scorecard that represents this probability of default in form of credit score for enhanced understanding and decision making. By making solar available on finance, the company aims to overcome its price related hindrances. The methodology used for development of credit risk model is Logistic Regression as it is one of the best techniques for predicting a binary outcome (will default or will not default). This is followed by a technique for scorecard development. It can then be concluded that credit risk can be reduced to a considerable extent if correct analytical methodologies are put in place which will bring down the default rates on credit.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128993609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.46
Chidambaram Block, S. IndraDevi
Air pollution stems gases and air borne particles which, in excess, are harmful to human health, buildings and ecosystems. Air pollution in developing countries is derived not only from stack emission of pollutants from relatively large industries, where inadequate pollution control measures exist and pollutants are allowed to escape to atmosphere. The kind of air pollution emitted vary from industry vary from industry to another, the concentrations of different pollutants in the atmosphere also vary widely from process to process, and from place to place with different geographic and climatic conditions.. In general, the workplace exposure levels are much higher than that the general population, because the emissions are rapidly diluted and dispersed by the wind. But the exposure duration of the general population is much longer than that of workers. Air pollution is the presence of substances in air in sufficient concentration and for sufficient time, so as to be, or threaten to be injurious to human, plant or animal life, or to property, or which reasonably interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life and property. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollution has been considered as the one of types of pollution which causes different disease in various labourers in Chidambaram Block and this leads to increase the expenditure of sample respondents on their health care. In this context the researcher taken this title.
{"title":"Impact of Air Pollution Among Labours in Chidambaram Block","authors":"Chidambaram Block, S. IndraDevi","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.46","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution stems gases and air borne particles which, in excess, are harmful to human health, buildings and ecosystems. Air pollution in developing countries is derived not only from stack emission of pollutants from relatively large industries, where inadequate pollution control measures exist and pollutants are allowed to escape to atmosphere. The kind of air pollution emitted vary from industry vary from industry to another, the concentrations of different pollutants in the atmosphere also vary widely from process to process, and from place to place with different geographic and climatic conditions.. In general, the workplace exposure levels are much higher than that the general population, because the emissions are rapidly diluted and dispersed by the wind. But the exposure duration of the general population is much longer than that of workers. Air pollution is the presence of substances in air in sufficient concentration and for sufficient time, so as to be, or threaten to be injurious to human, plant or animal life, or to property, or which reasonably interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life and property. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollutants arise from both manmade and natural processes. Air pollution has been considered as the one of types of pollution which causes different disease in various labourers in Chidambaram Block and this leads to increase the expenditure of sample respondents on their health care. In this context the researcher taken this title.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116092412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.63
R. R., C. Prakash
The rampant spread of COVID-19 outbreak, across borders and geographies, has severely impacted almost the whole world and triggered significant downside risks to the overall global economic outlook. Due to the lockdown announced by the Indian Government, the economy may slow over the next few months. For most businesses, the slowdown could be in the form of supply disruptions, fall in consumption demand, and stress on the banking and financial sectors. There has been distress in many sectors. It was also observed that this pandemic situation could boost business in sector and may highly affect some sectors. There observed a mixed response in Pharmaceutical sector. Some experts predicted positive impact however few pharmaceutical companies reported loss during this period. This created a curiosity to test the performance of pharmaceutical companies with their stock price as performance indicator. We propose to consider the sample period as first nationwide lockdown date to June 30, 2020. Closing price of selected companies share price will be considered in the study and we use econometric test to test the performance.
{"title":"Covid-19 And Its Impact On Indian Stock Market And Pharmaceutical Sector: An Econometric Testing","authors":"R. R., C. Prakash","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.63","url":null,"abstract":"The rampant spread of COVID-19 outbreak, across borders and geographies, has severely impacted almost the whole world and triggered significant downside risks to the overall global economic outlook. Due to the lockdown announced by the Indian Government, the economy may slow over the next few months. For most businesses, the slowdown could be in the form of supply disruptions, fall in consumption demand, and stress on the banking and financial sectors. There has been distress in many sectors. It was also observed that this pandemic situation could boost business in sector and may highly affect some sectors. There observed a mixed response in Pharmaceutical sector. Some experts predicted positive impact however few pharmaceutical companies reported loss during this period. This created a curiosity to test the performance of pharmaceutical companies with their stock price as performance indicator. We propose to consider the sample period as first nationwide lockdown date to June 30, 2020. Closing price of selected companies share price will be considered in the study and we use econometric test to test the performance.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116217163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.19
J. Inbaraj, A. Kannappan
Water resource is one of the important natural resources it essential for the survival of living organisms. The adequate safe water is essential to human lives and it is required in day to day life. Water pollution may take place due to natural causes such as silt carried by run-off, organic wastes of plants and animals, minerals leaching through soils, thermal pollution and algal blooms. In most of the developing countries are being polluted beyond their capacity because of high population growth. Increasing the urbanization and industrialization has reason for create a very large point of water pollution. Agro – based industries has seriously damaged surface water quality’s, even in many rivers and groundwater has been contaminated. Polluted water is like poison for human beings. A large number of diseases in Tamil Nadu can attributed to drinking of sewage mixed water. Various diseases like polio, cholera, patches, jaundice, fever, viral fever etc are spread through polluted water.
{"title":"Impact of Water Pollution in Tamil Nadu","authors":"J. Inbaraj, A. Kannappan","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.19","url":null,"abstract":"Water resource is one of the important natural resources it essential for the survival of living organisms. The adequate safe water is essential to human lives and it is required in day to day life. Water pollution may take place due to natural causes such as silt carried by run-off, organic wastes of plants and animals, minerals leaching through soils, thermal pollution and algal blooms. In most of the developing countries are being polluted beyond their capacity because of high population growth. Increasing the urbanization and industrialization has reason for create a very large point of water pollution. Agro – based industries has seriously damaged surface water quality’s, even in many rivers and groundwater has been contaminated. Polluted water is like poison for human beings. A large number of diseases in Tamil Nadu can attributed to drinking of sewage mixed water. Various diseases like polio, cholera, patches, jaundice, fever, viral fever etc are spread through polluted water.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121457509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.36
C. Sivakkolundu, S. Sujatha
Urbanization refers to general increase in population and the amount of industrialization of a settlement. It includes increase in the number and extent of cities. It symbolizes the movement of people from rural to urban areas. Urbanization happens because of the increase in the extent and density of urban areas. Due to uncontrolled urbanization in India, environmental degradation has been occurring very rapidly and causing many problems like land insecurity, worsening water quality, excessive air pollution, noise and the problems of waste disposal. This paper emphasizes on the effect of urbanization on environmental components mainly climate, biosphere, land and water resources. A case study of urbanization in India and metropolitan cities have been carried out leading to conclude on the existing causes of damage to the environment due to urbanization and preventive measures to keep a check on them. Although it is impossible to restrict urbanization it has to be ensured that urbanization proceeds in the right path causing minimum impact on environment.
{"title":"Impacts of Urbanization on Environment","authors":"C. Sivakkolundu, S. Sujatha","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.36","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization refers to general increase in population and the amount of industrialization of a settlement. It includes increase in the number and extent of cities. It symbolizes the movement of people from rural to urban areas. Urbanization happens because of the increase in the extent and density of urban areas. Due to uncontrolled urbanization in India, environmental degradation has been occurring very rapidly and causing many problems like land insecurity, worsening water quality, excessive air pollution, noise and the problems of waste disposal. This paper emphasizes on the effect of urbanization on environmental components mainly climate, biosphere, land and water resources. A case study of urbanization in India and metropolitan cities have been carried out leading to conclude on the existing causes of damage to the environment due to urbanization and preventive measures to keep a check on them. Although it is impossible to restrict urbanization it has to be ensured that urbanization proceeds in the right path causing minimum impact on environment.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.44
S. Margaret
The effects of globalization and its impact on the transition from the industrial to the digital era are explored. Although the behaviour of business organizations has always had a profound worldwide impact, with the decline of the nation state economic power has, for the first time, eroded political power. Simultaneously, the undergoing revolution in contemporary information and communication technologies has significantly empowered the customer. Responding to enhanced customer awareness and sensitivity to business and social responsibility issues -coupled with consumers’ increasing ability to react- companies in the digital age may be expected to develop even stronger cultures of corporate social responsibility, proactively seeking to increasingly honour their moral obligations to society in the 21st century. The paper addresses the concepts of business ethics and corporate social responsibility in the old vis-à-vis the Indian economy.. The implications of the findings are crucial to support policy makers in organizations to consider the relationship between the two concepts as building blocks in their strategic initiative.
{"title":"Business Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility In The Indian Economy: A Commentary","authors":"S. Margaret","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2020.4.2.44","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of globalization and its impact on the transition from the industrial to the digital era are explored. Although the behaviour of business organizations has always had a profound worldwide impact, with the decline of the nation state economic power has, for the first time, eroded political power. Simultaneously, the undergoing revolution in contemporary information and communication technologies has significantly empowered the customer. Responding to enhanced customer awareness and sensitivity to business and social responsibility issues -coupled with consumers’ increasing ability to react- companies in the digital age may be expected to develop even stronger cultures of corporate social responsibility, proactively seeking to increasingly honour their moral obligations to society in the 21st century. The paper addresses the concepts of business ethics and corporate social responsibility in the old vis-à-vis the Indian economy.. The implications of the findings are crucial to support policy makers in organizations to consider the relationship between the two concepts as building blocks in their strategic initiative.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133896913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.25
M. Santhanaraj
Eripurakarai is a large village located in Pattukkottai Taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu with total 995 families residing. The Eripurakarai village has population of 4285 of which 2047 are males while 2238 are females as per Population Census 2011. In Eripurakarai village population of children with age 0-6 is 554 which makes up 12.93 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Eripurakarai village is 1093 which is higher than Tamil Nadu state average of 996. Child Sex Ratio for the Eripurakarai as per census is 1037, higher than Tamil Nadu average of 943. Eripurakarai village has lower literacy rate compared to Tamil Nadu. In 2011, literacy rate of Eripurakarai village was 74.51 % compared to 80.09 % of Tamil Nadu. In Eripurakarai Male literacy stands at 82.59 % while female literacy rate was 67.18. In Eripurakarai village out of total population, 1548 were engaged in work activities. 95.54 % of workers describe their work as Marine Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 4.46 % were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 1548 workers engaged in Main Work, 12 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 300 were Agricultural labourers. The Marine Education Trust has produced a new education pack called Explore the Sea, which is a series of resources for young people that is intended to be very practical and hands-on while not requiring a great deal of additional equipment or materials. It’s not meant to be a course, just ideas that can be mixed, matched and adapted depending on what individual organization need at the time. Explore the Sea is a resource pack containing a series of practical activities to teach young people about the different habitats, marine life and environmental pressures affecting tropical coral reef ecosystems. It is arranged in seven topic areas that cover five particular ecosystems (reefs and lagoons, sandy beaches, rocky shores, mangroves and the open ocean) as well as introducing general ecological concepts and highlighting important conservation concerns. According to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Eripurakarai village is 614701. Eripurakarai village is located in Pattukkottai Taluk of Thanjavur district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated 14km away from sub-district headquarter Pattukkottai and 61km away from district headquarter Thanjavur. As per 2009 stats, Eripurakkarai is the gram panchayat of Eripurakarai village. The total geographical area of village is 829.27 hectares. Eripurakarai has a total population of 4,285 peoples. There are about 995 houses in Eripurakarai village. Adiramapattinam is nearest town to Eripurakarai. There are 105 craft owners in Eripurakarai. The craft owners comprise of two categories viz., mechanized boat owners and country boat owners. Out of 105 craft owners there are 85 mechanized boat owners and 20 country boat owners. In Eripurakarai there are 250 middlemen. The middlemen comprise tw
{"title":"Climate Change and Its Impacts on Marine Fisheries Livelihood – A Special View on Eripurakarai Village","authors":"M. Santhanaraj","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.25","url":null,"abstract":"Eripurakarai is a large village located in Pattukkottai Taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu with total 995 families residing. The Eripurakarai village has population of 4285 of which 2047 are males while 2238 are females as per Population Census 2011. In Eripurakarai village population of children with age 0-6 is 554 which makes up 12.93 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Eripurakarai village is 1093 which is higher than Tamil Nadu state average of 996. Child Sex Ratio for the Eripurakarai as per census is 1037, higher than Tamil Nadu average of 943. Eripurakarai village has lower literacy rate compared to Tamil Nadu. In 2011, literacy rate of Eripurakarai village was 74.51 % compared to 80.09 % of Tamil Nadu. In Eripurakarai Male literacy stands at 82.59 % while female literacy rate was 67.18. In Eripurakarai village out of total population, 1548 were engaged in work activities. 95.54 % of workers describe their work as Marine Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 4.46 % were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 1548 workers engaged in Main Work, 12 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 300 were Agricultural labourers. The Marine Education Trust has produced a new education pack called Explore the Sea, which is a series of resources for young people that is intended to be very practical and hands-on while not requiring a great deal of additional equipment or materials. It’s not meant to be a course, just ideas that can be mixed, matched and adapted depending on what individual organization need at the time. Explore the Sea is a resource pack containing a series of practical activities to teach young people about the different habitats, marine life and environmental pressures affecting tropical coral reef ecosystems. It is arranged in seven topic areas that cover five particular ecosystems (reefs and lagoons, sandy beaches, rocky shores, mangroves and the open ocean) as well as introducing general ecological concepts and highlighting important conservation concerns. According to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Eripurakarai village is 614701. Eripurakarai village is located in Pattukkottai Taluk of Thanjavur district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated 14km away from sub-district headquarter Pattukkottai and 61km away from district headquarter Thanjavur. As per 2009 stats, Eripurakkarai is the gram panchayat of Eripurakarai village. The total geographical area of village is 829.27 hectares. Eripurakarai has a total population of 4,285 peoples. There are about 995 houses in Eripurakarai village. Adiramapattinam is nearest town to Eripurakarai. There are 105 craft owners in Eripurakarai. The craft owners comprise of two categories viz., mechanized boat owners and country boat owners. Out of 105 craft owners there are 85 mechanized boat owners and 20 country boat owners. In Eripurakarai there are 250 middlemen. The middlemen comprise tw","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131897490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.34
S. S. Kumar, Anantha Babu V.
Eco tourism, also known as ecological tourism, is travel to natural areas to appreciate the cultural and natural history of the environment, while not disturbing the integrity of the ecosystem and creating economic opportunities that make conservation and protection of natural resources advantageous to local people. Ecotourism also minimizes wastage and the environmental impact through sensitized tourists. Tourists look for an ecologically clean, non-polluted and unharmed natural environment to make their trip or vacation, so tourist activities take place mostly in ecologically clean territories. The existence of any ecological problem in a territory – pollution with hard waste materials, water pollution, high soil acidity, disrupted and annihilated vegetation, noise pollution, existence of noxious emissions in the air etc. affect tourism development in it in a most negative way. Existence of ecological problems is one of the strongest restricting factors for modern tourism development and so they are an important criterion for assessing tourism potential. Some of the tourists evince keen interest in nature. There is abundant natural wealth in Tamil Nadu viz. hill stations, waterfalls, forests, bird sanctuaries, beaches, etc. A separate Eco- Tourism Wing is being set up by Tamil Nadu Tourism by posting an officer from the Forest Department. The vision is to make Tamil Nadu a world renowned destination specializing in sustainable tourism through focused efforts on creating synergy among all stakeholders, encouraging capacity building and public- private partnerships with revenue generating strategies. This research paper focuses on an impact of Tourism on climatic changes in Tamilnadu. The researcher is an analysis the role of climate changes in tourism development through the secondary data from the various published sources.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Changes on Tourism Development in India","authors":"S. S. Kumar, Anantha Babu V.","doi":"10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2018.1.3.34","url":null,"abstract":"Eco tourism, also known as ecological tourism, is travel to natural areas to appreciate the cultural and natural history of the environment, while not disturbing the integrity of the ecosystem and creating economic opportunities that make conservation and protection of natural resources advantageous to local people. Ecotourism also minimizes wastage and the environmental impact through sensitized tourists. Tourists look for an ecologically clean, non-polluted and unharmed natural environment to make their trip or vacation, so tourist activities take place mostly in ecologically clean territories. The existence of any ecological problem in a territory – pollution with hard waste materials, water pollution, high soil acidity, disrupted and annihilated vegetation, noise pollution, existence of noxious emissions in the air etc. affect tourism development in it in a most negative way. Existence of ecological problems is one of the strongest restricting factors for modern tourism development and so they are an important criterion for assessing tourism potential. Some of the tourists evince keen interest in nature. There is abundant natural wealth in Tamil Nadu viz. hill stations, waterfalls, forests, bird sanctuaries, beaches, etc. A separate Eco- Tourism Wing is being set up by Tamil Nadu Tourism by posting an officer from the Forest Department. The vision is to make Tamil Nadu a world renowned destination specializing in sustainable tourism through focused efforts on creating synergy among all stakeholders, encouraging capacity building and public- private partnerships with revenue generating strategies. This research paper focuses on an impact of Tourism on climatic changes in Tamilnadu. The researcher is an analysis the role of climate changes in tourism development through the secondary data from the various published sources.","PeriodicalId":415549,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Business and Economics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133122130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.3
H. Vinod, P. M. Rao
Production functions often study the output of physical products with capital and labor inputs. Instead, we use 2004 to 2016 data for 55 Indian multinational companies to assess the production of services. Our estimates of flexible production functions yield estimates of scale elasticity (SCE) and elasticity of substitution (EOS) for pooled data. A subset of 31 companies with relatively complete data yields their individual SCE and EOS values, revealing their heterogeneity. Sorting the 31 companies by their SCE help name scale-efficient (high SCE) and scale inefficient (low SCE) multinationals. Similarly, a listing of 31 companies sorted by EOS allows us to name companies that are (and are not) robust to input price shocks. Using stock market data on these publicly traded companies, we report the values of three stock market criteria for top ranking companies by SCE. We also study empirical causal paths from the market criteria to EOS and SCE, suggesting that SCE and EOS do drive stock market indicators implying efficient markets. Our pooled and detailed results are relevant for government policy toward the IT sector and corporate governance issues.
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