Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862673
M. Hagara, O. Ondrácek
Edge detection is often used procedure in digital image processing. For some practical applications is desirable to detect edges with sub-pixel accuracy. In this paper we present comparison of four methods for edge detection with sub-pixel accuracy in 1-D images: method based on approximation of real image function with erf function, moment-based edge operator, technique using spatial moments of the image function and the method based on wavelet transform of image. The paper presents results of simulations as well as of experiments to compare methods in terms of accuracy, the standard deviation of the edge localization error is chosen as precision criterion.
{"title":"Comparison of methods for edge detection with sub-pixel accuracy in 1-D images","authors":"M. Hagara, O. Ondrácek","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862673","url":null,"abstract":"Edge detection is often used procedure in digital image processing. For some practical applications is desirable to detect edges with sub-pixel accuracy. In this paper we present comparison of four methods for edge detection with sub-pixel accuracy in 1-D images: method based on approximation of real image function with erf function, moment-based edge operator, technique using spatial moments of the image function and the method based on wavelet transform of image. The paper presents results of simulations as well as of experiments to compare methods in terms of accuracy, the standard deviation of the edge localization error is chosen as precision criterion.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124734514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862677
M. Kagalenko
This work presents the asymptotic expressions for bias and variance of nonlinear least squares estimate of the frequency separation of two complex exponents with additive stationary Gaussian noise. In contrast to the previously published results, we present the analytic expressions that are valid for all values of frequency, including the ones near zero as well as Nyquist frequency. These variation and bias estimates are in agreement with the results of Monte-Carlo simulations.
{"title":"Variance of the nonlinear least squares estimate of the frequency separation of two complex exponents","authors":"M. Kagalenko","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862677","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the asymptotic expressions for bias and variance of nonlinear least squares estimate of the frequency separation of two complex exponents with additive stationary Gaussian noise. In contrast to the previously published results, we present the analytic expressions that are valid for all values of frequency, including the ones near zero as well as Nyquist frequency. These variation and bias estimates are in agreement with the results of Monte-Carlo simulations.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122292150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862717
T. Vityazeva, O. Melnik, A. Mikheev
The paper deals with the task of electrocardiography (ECG) signal analysis for the presence of slow wave components. The analysis is implemented on the basis of digital filtering in real time mode. It is proposed to use multirate signal processing to reduce the computational cost. Multilevel structure for downsampling is designed. Computational costs for the proposed and known approaches are evaluated and compared. The conclusions about the effectiveness of the developed structure are made.
{"title":"Multirate processing for the heart rate variability analysis","authors":"T. Vityazeva, O. Melnik, A. Mikheev","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862717","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the task of electrocardiography (ECG) signal analysis for the presence of slow wave components. The analysis is implemented on the basis of digital filtering in real time mode. It is proposed to use multirate signal processing to reduce the computational cost. Multilevel structure for downsampling is designed. Computational costs for the proposed and known approaches are evaluated and compared. The conclusions about the effectiveness of the developed structure are made.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131856895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862719
Ivana Ognjanovic, R. Šendelj, Jelena Ljucovic
Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) are systems that help learners take control of and manage their own learning; allows learners to interact with diverse systems, tools, and services to access content, assess his/her knowledge, collaborate with other learners, etc. Research and development in recent years produced user-familiar environments for PLEs and imposed new goals for their full personalization. This paper gives analyzes of PLE services for recommendation of peers (learners, teachers, experts, etc.) for collaboration based on learner's preferences and attitudes. Services are evaluated based on different solutions proposed for specification of preferences of different kinds and complexity, and conclusions are drawn based on principles for user friendly e-learning environment.
{"title":"Analyses of OP4L services for personalized recommendation of learning resources","authors":"Ivana Ognjanovic, R. Šendelj, Jelena Ljucovic","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862719","url":null,"abstract":"Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) are systems that help learners take control of and manage their own learning; allows learners to interact with diverse systems, tools, and services to access content, assess his/her knowledge, collaborate with other learners, etc. Research and development in recent years produced user-familiar environments for PLEs and imposed new goals for their full personalization. This paper gives analyzes of PLE services for recommendation of peers (learners, teachers, experts, etc.) for collaboration based on learner's preferences and attitudes. Services are evaluated based on different solutions proposed for specification of preferences of different kinds and complexity, and conclusions are drawn based on principles for user friendly e-learning environment.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130377882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862662
Iban Ayestaran, C. F. Nicolás, Jon Perez, P. Puschner
The increase in the amount of functionalities provided by safety-critical systems in the last years has lead to a complexity growth in these systems. Several techniques have been developed in order to tackle this issue, including simplification strategies and the definition of time-deterministic models of computation (MoCs) and architectures, such as the Logical Execution Time MoC (LET) and the Time-Triggered Architecture (TTA) respectively. Although TTA based systems relying on the LET MoC have already been successfully applied to safety-critical systems, SystemC, the nowadays de-facto standard in HW/SW system development, does not provide a LET-based simulation engine for the modeling and assessment of these systems. With the aim to fill this gap, this paper presents the PI-TTM, a novel SystemC extension for the modeling and simulation of LET based safety-critical embedded systems.
{"title":"Modeling logical execution time based safety-critical embedded systems in SystemC","authors":"Iban Ayestaran, C. F. Nicolás, Jon Perez, P. Puschner","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862662","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the amount of functionalities provided by safety-critical systems in the last years has lead to a complexity growth in these systems. Several techniques have been developed in order to tackle this issue, including simplification strategies and the definition of time-deterministic models of computation (MoCs) and architectures, such as the Logical Execution Time MoC (LET) and the Time-Triggered Architecture (TTA) respectively. Although TTA based systems relying on the LET MoC have already been successfully applied to safety-critical systems, SystemC, the nowadays de-facto standard in HW/SW system development, does not provide a LET-based simulation engine for the modeling and assessment of these systems. With the aim to fill this gap, this paper presents the PI-TTM, a novel SystemC extension for the modeling and simulation of LET based safety-critical embedded systems.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130462781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862664
Kujtim Hyseni, N. Frasheri
Implementing service oriented architectures in primitive devices such are microcontrollers is a challenge. This is due to high bandwidth and code size required by corresponding technologies such are Web Services and CORBA. In this paper, we present an alternative of realization of CORBA service in 8051 microcontroller. We compromise between common and compression approaches commonly used for this case. In common approach, there is no compiler for generated code for primitive devices target such is 8051. In compression approach, there is large code size required for compression/decompression and processing algorithm realization. Our approach outperforms in resulting code size comparing to common and compression approaches. Other advantage is that it is not dependent on particular service oriented architecture technology.
{"title":"Microcontrollers as components of service oriented architectures","authors":"Kujtim Hyseni, N. Frasheri","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862664","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing service oriented architectures in primitive devices such are microcontrollers is a challenge. This is due to high bandwidth and code size required by corresponding technologies such are Web Services and CORBA. In this paper, we present an alternative of realization of CORBA service in 8051 microcontroller. We compromise between common and compression approaches commonly used for this case. In common approach, there is no compiler for generated code for primitive devices target such is 8051. In compression approach, there is large code size required for compression/decompression and processing algorithm realization. Our approach outperforms in resulting code size comparing to common and compression approaches. Other advantage is that it is not dependent on particular service oriented architecture technology.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129234547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862732
D. Jurišić
Despite the overwhelming trend of digitization of electronic systems, and many indisputable advantages of having digital signal processing compared to analog, hardware towards the real, outside world, is a part of the overall mixed system and remains mostly analog. This analog part, in most IC-system chips is well known as “analog-front-end” (AFE). Therefore, the analog electronic circuits as part of an AFE, not only will remain an important part of most integrated systems, but often represent one of the bottlenecks in achieving low power consumption and small area on an integrated circuit. This explains why the development and design of new and improved (from the standpoint of IC design) analog electrical circuits still plays an important role — and will likely continue to play an important role — in the development of new and advanced systems-on-chip. One of the types of analog circuits that have traditionally lagged behind the others in the process of designing in integrated-circuit form is frequency-selective filters. Filters on the chip, may not have inductances; in the time-continued domain they are the so-called ‘active RC filters’, which means they combine resistors and capacitors with voltage or current amplifiers. Reasons for the delay in the design of integrated active-RC filters are manifold, but one of the most important are theirs large components tolerances (as a consequence there is a need for circuit tuning), voltage noise within the circuit, limited dynamic range and the size of the chip. The new and innovative ideas arise in the design of time-continuous filters from the application of network and transmission line theory. Some special situations in communication systems require novel topologies in filter design, and solve different problems that are important in modern analog IC design. The new approaches are: (i) savings in chip area in elliptical filters in the integrated design using signal-flow graphs, (ii) reducing the sensitivity to variations in the component values by application of negative feedback, (iii) filter partitioning for efficient onchip filter tuning, and (iv) the new structure of the active-RC filter that is used to build ADSL splitter; a stability problem to be solved with different telephone-line terminations in different countries. All four systems are suitable to be designed in the analog filter IC design.
{"title":"Systems for analog and mixed signal processing in integrated technology based on network theory","authors":"D. Jurišić","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862732","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the overwhelming trend of digitization of electronic systems, and many indisputable advantages of having digital signal processing compared to analog, hardware towards the real, outside world, is a part of the overall mixed system and remains mostly analog. This analog part, in most IC-system chips is well known as “analog-front-end” (AFE). Therefore, the analog electronic circuits as part of an AFE, not only will remain an important part of most integrated systems, but often represent one of the bottlenecks in achieving low power consumption and small area on an integrated circuit. This explains why the development and design of new and improved (from the standpoint of IC design) analog electrical circuits still plays an important role — and will likely continue to play an important role — in the development of new and advanced systems-on-chip. One of the types of analog circuits that have traditionally lagged behind the others in the process of designing in integrated-circuit form is frequency-selective filters. Filters on the chip, may not have inductances; in the time-continued domain they are the so-called ‘active RC filters’, which means they combine resistors and capacitors with voltage or current amplifiers. Reasons for the delay in the design of integrated active-RC filters are manifold, but one of the most important are theirs large components tolerances (as a consequence there is a need for circuit tuning), voltage noise within the circuit, limited dynamic range and the size of the chip. The new and innovative ideas arise in the design of time-continuous filters from the application of network and transmission line theory. Some special situations in communication systems require novel topologies in filter design, and solve different problems that are important in modern analog IC design. The new approaches are: (i) savings in chip area in elliptical filters in the integrated design using signal-flow graphs, (ii) reducing the sensitivity to variations in the component values by application of negative feedback, (iii) filter partitioning for efficient onchip filter tuning, and (iv) the new structure of the active-RC filter that is used to build ADSL splitter; a stability problem to be solved with different telephone-line terminations in different countries. All four systems are suitable to be designed in the analog filter IC design.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129256880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-15DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862710
V. Vityazev, E. Likhobabin, E. A. Ustinova
Review of various reduced-complexity min-sum based decoding algorithms for LDPC codes are presented. New BP-based approach for LDPC decoding was proposed, and one new a-min∗-min decoding algorithm was presented. Complexity, effectiveness, and average number of iteration for each algorithm are shown.
{"title":"Min-sum algorithm-structure based decoding algorithms for LDPC codes","authors":"V. Vityazev, E. Likhobabin, E. A. Ustinova","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862710","url":null,"abstract":"Review of various reduced-complexity min-sum based decoding algorithms for LDPC codes are presented. New BP-based approach for LDPC decoding was proposed, and one new a-min∗-min decoding algorithm was presented. Complexity, effectiveness, and average number of iteration for each algorithm are shown.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121640401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MECO.2014.6862702
A. V. Borlyakov, V. M. Gevorkayn, I. Yashin
The possibility of circuit design of pulse interferences detection and measurement PLD (programmable logic device)-based algorithms with different time characteristics (front slope from 3.5 ns to 5 ms) are described in this paper. Presented results allows to develop PLD-based digital unit for pulse interference detection and its characteristics measurement.
{"title":"Pulse interferences detection and measurement PLD-based algorithm: Algorithm and functional diagram","authors":"A. V. Borlyakov, V. M. Gevorkayn, I. Yashin","doi":"10.1109/MECO.2014.6862702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO.2014.6862702","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of circuit design of pulse interferences detection and measurement PLD (programmable logic device)-based algorithms with different time characteristics (front slope from 3.5 ns to 5 ms) are described in this paper. Presented results allows to develop PLD-based digital unit for pulse interference detection and its characteristics measurement.","PeriodicalId":416168,"journal":{"name":"2014 3rd Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125719891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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