Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0314
Sherrin Frances
This article’s focus is the emergence of the Maidan protest library in Kyiv during the 2014 Ukrainian “Revolution of Dignity.” While the revolution began as a political protest, it quickly shifted into widespread ethical outrage over the government’s treatment of Ukrainian youth. One indicator of the deep levels of social dissatisfaction among the public was the emergence of a physical library within the intense, dangerous, and temporary occupation of a public building during the conflict. Examining the Maidan Library and its collection of several thousand books within the encampment can illuminate some of the notable ways in which language, power, and security function within the space of radical politics. This article contextualizes this particular Ukrainian space within a much larger trend of protest libraries around the world that includes Occupy Wall Street’s People’s Library, in New York, and Madrid’s BiblioSol, the library within the Indignados’ occupation of Puerta del Sol.
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Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0238
V. Larson
At Westover and Monticello, Virginians William Byrd II (1674–1744) and Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) were each distinguished for owning the largest private libraries in North America of their day. Within these, their respective collections of Greek and Latin literature are of particular interest because of the role they played in informing Byrd and Jefferson’s self-image of themselves as Americans who were virtuously differentiated, as country-dwellers, from the urbanized citizens of Europe. Yet, whether considered as borrowed “texts,” accessible to them by virtue of their classical educations, or alternatively, as imported European luxury goods, these books emblematized the ambiguity of both men’s position between the Old World and the New. Their mansions in the wilderness furnished lavishly with such European artificialia served, in fact, to embody and represent the accommodation they settled on: the re-creation of the amenities of European culture in the heart of American Nature.
{"title":"Byrd and Jefferson’s Libraries: Roman otium “att the end of the world”","authors":"V. Larson","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0238","url":null,"abstract":"At Westover and Monticello, Virginians William Byrd II (1674–1744) and Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) were each distinguished for owning the largest private libraries in North America of their day. Within these, their respective collections of Greek and Latin literature are of particular interest because of the role they played in informing Byrd and Jefferson’s self-image of themselves as Americans who were virtuously differentiated, as country-dwellers, from the urbanized citizens of Europe. Yet, whether considered as borrowed “texts,” accessible to them by virtue of their classical educations, or alternatively, as imported European luxury goods, these books emblematized the ambiguity of both men’s position between the Old World and the New. Their mansions in the wilderness furnished lavishly with such European artificialia served, in fact, to embody and represent the accommodation they settled on: the re-creation of the amenities of European culture in the heart of American Nature.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47525906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0255
Alix Mazuet
This article concentrates on French cultural history in the aftermath of the 1789 Revolution, the dismantling of the Old Regime’s private libraries that took place in the 1790s, and its effects on the nineteenth-century space of knowledge. Carefully tracing the process through which these libraries were “put in the hands of the Nation,” the article describes the immense difficulties the main actors involved in the dismantlement were faced with, as texts and documents had greatly deteriorated, were stolen, lost, or destroyed. At the same time, however, and throughout France, a tremendous number of the seized texts and documents were restored, cataloged, and sent to Paris. This body of written knowledge constitutes the collections and holdings that became available in the first public libraries that opened in France in the nineteenth century. From this standpoint, the dismantlement can be understood in terms of interplaying discontinuities, constancies, and transformations.
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Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0149
J. Ganim
The contradictions built into the architectural programs of library buildings result in a deep tension in library design between technical and human requirements, and this tension is often dramatized, not only in the conflict between symbolic and programmatic form, but in the very uses of the library. The Apollonian image of the library disguises a darker, more esoteric and private desire expressed in the often strange uses and abuses of the library. Architects have occasionally implicitly understood this dichotomy and expressed it in their structures.
{"title":"The President’s Address 2017","authors":"J. Ganim","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0149","url":null,"abstract":"The contradictions built into the architectural programs of library buildings result in a deep tension in library design between technical and human requirements, and this tension is often dramatized, not only in the conflict between symbolic and programmatic form, but in the very uses of the library. The Apollonian image of the library disguises a darker, more esoteric and private desire expressed in the often strange uses and abuses of the library. Architects have occasionally implicitly understood this dichotomy and expressed it in their structures.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43312622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0195
S. Gulizia
The large collection assembled by Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1503–1575) in his residence in Venice, a city that Charles V had the political imperative to keep within the Holy League, included an impressive range of objects: books and manuscripts, but also antiquities and paintings. By placing Hurtado de Mendoza in the context of specific Venetian trends of book-collecting and antiquarianism—with particular regards to the Greek library of Bessarion and its other public competitors of the time—this article argues that, rather than thinking of the archive as a collection of passive objects amassed and wielded by a sovereign agent for rivalry or anticlericalism, it makes more sense, both materially and historically, to think of the library as a networked assemblage of objects that are themselves mutable and “in motion” at all levels.
Diego Hurtado de Mendoza（1503–1575）在威尼斯的住所收集了大量藏品，其中包括一系列令人印象深刻的物品：书籍和手稿，还有古董和绘画。通过将赫尔塔多·德·门多萨置于威尼斯特定的图书收藏和古物主义趋势的背景下，特别是关于贝萨里翁的希腊图书馆及其当时的其他公共竞争对手，本文认为，与其将档案馆视为竞争或反教权主义的主权代理人收集和使用的被动物品的集合，从物质和历史上看，将库视为对象的网络集合更有意义，这些对象本身是可变的，并且在各个级别上都处于“运动中”。
{"title":"Diego Hurtado de Mendoza and the Shifting Telos of Traveling Libraries","authors":"S. Gulizia","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0195","url":null,"abstract":"The large collection assembled by Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1503–1575) in his residence in Venice, a city that Charles V had the political imperative to keep within the Holy League, included an impressive range of objects: books and manuscripts, but also antiquities and paintings. By placing Hurtado de Mendoza in the context of specific Venetian trends of book-collecting and antiquarianism—with particular regards to the Greek library of Bessarion and its other public competitors of the time—this article argues that, rather than thinking of the archive as a collection of passive objects amassed and wielded by a sovereign agent for rivalry or anticlericalism, it makes more sense, both materially and historically, to think of the library as a networked assemblage of objects that are themselves mutable and “in motion” at all levels.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41824154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0206
Fabien Montcher
This article focuses on how learned communication conditioned the continuity and developments of political communication during early modern times of war. Exchanges of books and the plundering of libraries and archives constituted only a small part of a wide array of practices, which this articles refers to as “bibliopolitics,” which were responsible for such continuity and developments. During open conflict, bibliopolitics secured political communication and contributed to the development of multilateral foreign relations. By taking as its main point of reference the relations that Iberian scholarly dissidents established with other European states from positions of exile in Rome during the first part of the seventeenth century, this article invites the reader to reconsider the role that Iberian men of letters and the Republic of Letters played in connecting multiple state information systems and in securing transfers of imperial hegemonies.
{"title":"Early Modern Bibliopolitics: From a Seventeenth-Century Roman-Iberian Perspective","authors":"Fabien Montcher","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0206","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on how learned communication conditioned the continuity and developments of political communication during early modern times of war. Exchanges of books and the plundering of libraries and archives constituted only a small part of a wide array of practices, which this articles refers to as “bibliopolitics,” which were responsible for such continuity and developments. During open conflict, bibliopolitics secured political communication and contributed to the development of multilateral foreign relations. By taking as its main point of reference the relations that Iberian scholarly dissidents established with other European states from positions of exile in Rome during the first part of the seventeenth century, this article invites the reader to reconsider the role that Iberian men of letters and the Republic of Letters played in connecting multiple state information systems and in securing transfers of imperial hegemonies.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46968990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0166
M. Pelegrín
This forum emphasizes the role of humanists, spies, and cultural brokers in the formation of Early Modern Iberian libraries and archives, as well as in the contentious search for information. The royal libraries imagined by the agents of Charles V or Philip II were part of cultural projects often at war with other contemporary enterprises such as that of France and Francis I. They are therefore associated with a deep sense of competition, often inherited from an inquiry of the best methods and practices inherited by classical antiquity. Diplomats and noble-men were frequently involved in obtaining the rarest materials that could mirror and enhance the mightiness of their sovereigns in the European contest for power, while also carrying their own agendas that eventually could help to dismantle political identities and power structures, or simply to obtain the mobility and visibility they desired.
{"title":"Wars of Knowledge: Iberian Imperial Hegemony and the Assembling of Libraries","authors":"M. Pelegrín","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0166","url":null,"abstract":"This forum emphasizes the role of humanists, spies, and cultural brokers in the formation of Early Modern Iberian libraries and archives, as well as in the contentious search for information. The royal libraries imagined by the agents of Charles V or Philip II were part of cultural projects often at war with other contemporary enterprises such as that of France and Francis I. They are therefore associated with a deep sense of competition, often inherited from an inquiry of the best methods and practices inherited by classical antiquity. Diplomats and noble-men were frequently involved in obtaining the rarest materials that could mirror and enhance the mightiness of their sovereigns in the European contest for power, while also carrying their own agendas that eventually could help to dismantle political identities and power structures, or simply to obtain the mobility and visibility they desired.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43558151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0219
Lora E. Geriguis
The Fellows of the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge bonded with one another in the 1660s, in response to external skepticism about their observation-based epistemology and practices, through an active book-gifting network that seeded their libraries with one another’s works. An examination of the way membership in the Royal Society was demarcated, negotiated, and cultivated vis-à-vis books and other archived properties serves to illuminate the contradictions inherent in the birthing of the hybrid identity of the gentleman-scholar as the ideal practitioner of the New Science in England during the Restoration period. The Fellows, in turn, rejected the upstart gentlewoman-scholar and poet, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle, and her efforts to participate in their book-gifting network, revealing the limitations on their ability to absorb challenges to the observation-based methodology of the New Science, and hence to truly embrace diversity of thought and identity at a time when the perimeters of scientific inquiry were being drawn.
{"title":"Fellows among the Bookshelves: The Royal Society’s Book-Gifting Network of the 1660s","authors":"Lora E. Geriguis","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0219","url":null,"abstract":"The Fellows of the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge bonded with one another in the 1660s, in response to external skepticism about their observation-based epistemology and practices, through an active book-gifting network that seeded their libraries with one another’s works. An examination of the way membership in the Royal Society was demarcated, negotiated, and cultivated vis-à-vis books and other archived properties serves to illuminate the contradictions inherent in the birthing of the hybrid identity of the gentleman-scholar as the ideal practitioner of the New Science in England during the Restoration period. The Fellows, in turn, rejected the upstart gentlewoman-scholar and poet, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle, and her efforts to participate in their book-gifting network, revealing the limitations on their ability to absorb challenges to the observation-based methodology of the New Science, and hence to truly embrace diversity of thought and identity at a time when the perimeters of scientific inquiry were being drawn.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44233644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-17DOI: 10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0184
Javier Patiño Loira
This article analyzes two sixteenth-century proposals for a library that would be placed under the control of the king of Spain and accessible to the public. The first is Juan Páez de Castro’s 1556 Memorial, often read as a blueprint for the institution that Philip II eventually founded at El Escorial. The second is Juan Bautista Cardona’s Traza for El Escorial, addressed to the king in 1579, when that project was already in progress. Páez and Cardona dreamed of a library that would overcome the dangers of loss and dispersion associated with collections owned by flesh-and-bone individuals destined to die at some point. This article will show that Páez and Cardona drew inspiration from previous and ongoing projects in Italy, France, and Spain to conclude that the preservation and dissemination of books required the association with a printing press. This was a plan that, to the chagrin of Cardona’s contemporaries, failed to adequately materialize for El Escorial.
{"title":"Imagining Public Libraries in Sixteenth-Century Spain: Juan Páez de Castro and Juan Bautista Cardona","authors":"Javier Patiño Loira","doi":"10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PACICOASPHIL.52.2.0184","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes two sixteenth-century proposals for a library that would be placed under the control of the king of Spain and accessible to the public. The first is Juan Páez de Castro’s 1556 Memorial, often read as a blueprint for the institution that Philip II eventually founded at El Escorial. The second is Juan Bautista Cardona’s Traza for El Escorial, addressed to the king in 1579, when that project was already in progress. Páez and Cardona dreamed of a library that would overcome the dangers of loss and dispersion associated with collections owned by flesh-and-bone individuals destined to die at some point. This article will show that Páez and Cardona drew inspiration from previous and ongoing projects in Italy, France, and Spain to conclude that the preservation and dissemination of books required the association with a printing press. This was a plan that, to the chagrin of Cardona’s contemporaries, failed to adequately materialize for El Escorial.","PeriodicalId":41712,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Coast Philology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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