Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/bdl.2023.a911890
Kelley Lemon
Reviewed by: A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality by Claire W. Herbert Kelley Lemon (bio) Claire W. Herbert A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality Oakland: University of California Press, 2021 ix + 340 pages, 16 color plates, 32 black-and-white illustrations ISBN: 9780520340084, $29.95 PB ISBN: 9780520340077, $85.00 HB ISBN: 9780520974487, $29.95 EB In her book A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality, author Claire W. Herbert, an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Oregon, examines Detroit through the lens of occupied space to document the conditions that spur the decline of urban centers, and to understand how those conditions promote informal practices within vacant and abandoned spaces. Her study also seeks to determine who participates and who ultimately benefits (and concurrently suffers) when such practices are recognized and formalized through rules. Property informality, as Herbert defines the term, encompasses the “informal practices that arise from the transgression of laws regulating real property—land, houses, buildings” (5). A Detroit Story is organized into three parts: “Social and Spatial Context,” “Informality in Everyday Life,” and “Informal Plans and Formal Policies,” with a total of nine chapters, plus a preface, introduction, and conclusion. Herbert’s preface primes the reader and essentially addresses the questions/assumptions the reader may have about her position as a White researcher studying a primarily Black community, as she acknowledges how her presence resembled elements of gentrification—a process often characterized as young, highly educated, and resourced Whites moving into and displacing communities of color and considered an undesirable effect of neighborhood and city investments. Herbert moved to Detroit with her family, and they lived in a neighborhood called Piety Hill from 2011 to 2016. Her observations, interviews, and documentation of people illegally using property (squatting, salvaging, homesteading, demolishing) in the neighborhood would become the foundation of her research and this book. In her introduction, Herbert tells the story of a resident named Jerome, who shows her his garden in a nearby lot and describes his experiences with the site. He observed the city’s lack of response to typical maintenance and infrastructural issues and then began identifying opportunities to improve conditions for himself and his neighborhood, including cleaning and growing food on vacant lots and clearing sewer grates of trash. The vacant lots on his block were owned by the city or Bank of America, but such ownership did not deter him, he said, because “nobody minds” (2). Jerome’s story is important because it represents the underpinning of Herbert’s research questions in Detroit. How is it possible to appropriate property informally or illegally in the city without consequences? Perhaps more imp
{"title":"A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality by Claire W. Herbert (review)","authors":"Kelley Lemon","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2023.a911890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2023.a911890","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality by Claire W. Herbert Kelley Lemon (bio) Claire W. Herbert A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality Oakland: University of California Press, 2021 ix + 340 pages, 16 color plates, 32 black-and-white illustrations ISBN: 9780520340084, $29.95 PB ISBN: 9780520340077, $85.00 HB ISBN: 9780520974487, $29.95 EB In her book A Detroit Story: Urban Decline and the Rise of Property Informality, author Claire W. Herbert, an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Oregon, examines Detroit through the lens of occupied space to document the conditions that spur the decline of urban centers, and to understand how those conditions promote informal practices within vacant and abandoned spaces. Her study also seeks to determine who participates and who ultimately benefits (and concurrently suffers) when such practices are recognized and formalized through rules. Property informality, as Herbert defines the term, encompasses the “informal practices that arise from the transgression of laws regulating real property—land, houses, buildings” (5). A Detroit Story is organized into three parts: “Social and Spatial Context,” “Informality in Everyday Life,” and “Informal Plans and Formal Policies,” with a total of nine chapters, plus a preface, introduction, and conclusion. Herbert’s preface primes the reader and essentially addresses the questions/assumptions the reader may have about her position as a White researcher studying a primarily Black community, as she acknowledges how her presence resembled elements of gentrification—a process often characterized as young, highly educated, and resourced Whites moving into and displacing communities of color and considered an undesirable effect of neighborhood and city investments. Herbert moved to Detroit with her family, and they lived in a neighborhood called Piety Hill from 2011 to 2016. Her observations, interviews, and documentation of people illegally using property (squatting, salvaging, homesteading, demolishing) in the neighborhood would become the foundation of her research and this book. In her introduction, Herbert tells the story of a resident named Jerome, who shows her his garden in a nearby lot and describes his experiences with the site. He observed the city’s lack of response to typical maintenance and infrastructural issues and then began identifying opportunities to improve conditions for himself and his neighborhood, including cleaning and growing food on vacant lots and clearing sewer grates of trash. The vacant lots on his block were owned by the city or Bank of America, but such ownership did not deter him, he said, because “nobody minds” (2). Jerome’s story is important because it represents the underpinning of Herbert’s research questions in Detroit. How is it possible to appropriate property informally or illegally in the city without consequences? Perhaps more imp","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/bdl.2023.a911889
Mark C. Childs
Reviewed by: The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City by Carolyn L. White Mark C. Childs (bio) Carolyn L. White The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2020 xvi + 262 pages, 75 black-and-white figures, 6 tables ISBN: 9780826361332, $75.00 HB ISBN: 9780826363930, $34.95 PB ISBN: 9780826361349, $75.00 EB The boundaries of disciplines and professions are evolving cultural constructs.1 Author Carolyn White—the Mamie Kleberg Chair in Historic Preservation, director of the Historic Preservation Program, and director of the Anthropology Research Museum at the University of Nevada—explicitly positions her own work within the ongoing construction of disciplines in The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City. Following anthropologist James Deetz’s view of “the fields of archaeology, history, and cultural anthropology as pursuing the same object,”2 White participated in and studied the “mundane” aspects of the place called Black Rock City, the annual encampment of the Burning Man Festival in northern Nevada, each year from 2008 to 2016 (23). The framing of the book may be of particular interest to readers of Buildings & Landscapes, as three main themes weave throughout it: documenting daily life, attention to temporality, and reconsidering practices of archaeology. Chapters 1 and 2 describe the framework for White’s research. In chapter 1, White situates her work in a review of the emergence of the practices of contemporary archaeology as well as the history and literature of Burning Man. She focuses primarily upon “how people live on a daily basis in the city and how the mundane character of daily life takes place in this temporary place” (31). Chapter 2 describes her theoretical grounding. To structure her documentation and interpretation of the site, White uses Lefebvrian tripartite space (conceived–perceived–lived), de Certeau’s strategies and tactics, Bataille’s framework on the social expenditure of wealth (the accursed share), De Landa’s meshwork, and Deleuze and Guattari’s smooth and striated space.3 There is a danger of overcomplication from such a conceptual toolkit, but White uses these concepts to clearly organize and ground her observations as she gives us the gritty details of building, inhabiting, and de-constructing the encampment. Chapters 3 through 8 follow a narrative arc from construction, to occupation, to decamping. Much of this work could inform the practical parts of a travel guide; however, its directness causes these chapters to read somewhat like a checklist. Construction of the Man starts the event (the Man is a multistory wooden effigy at the center point of the urban form, and the hub of the event). “In cooperation with the BLM [Bureau of Land Management], the central point of the city, the location where the Man will stand, is pinpointed. . . . The Golden Spike ceremony formally kicks off the build cyc
{"title":"The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City by Carolyn L. White (review)","authors":"Mark C. Childs","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2023.a911889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2023.a911889","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City by Carolyn L. White Mark C. Childs (bio) Carolyn L. White The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2020 xvi + 262 pages, 75 black-and-white figures, 6 tables ISBN: 9780826361332, $75.00 HB ISBN: 9780826363930, $34.95 PB ISBN: 9780826361349, $75.00 EB The boundaries of disciplines and professions are evolving cultural constructs.1 Author Carolyn White—the Mamie Kleberg Chair in Historic Preservation, director of the Historic Preservation Program, and director of the Anthropology Research Museum at the University of Nevada—explicitly positions her own work within the ongoing construction of disciplines in The Archaeology of Burning Man: The Rise and Fall of Black Rock City. Following anthropologist James Deetz’s view of “the fields of archaeology, history, and cultural anthropology as pursuing the same object,”2 White participated in and studied the “mundane” aspects of the place called Black Rock City, the annual encampment of the Burning Man Festival in northern Nevada, each year from 2008 to 2016 (23). The framing of the book may be of particular interest to readers of Buildings & Landscapes, as three main themes weave throughout it: documenting daily life, attention to temporality, and reconsidering practices of archaeology. Chapters 1 and 2 describe the framework for White’s research. In chapter 1, White situates her work in a review of the emergence of the practices of contemporary archaeology as well as the history and literature of Burning Man. She focuses primarily upon “how people live on a daily basis in the city and how the mundane character of daily life takes place in this temporary place” (31). Chapter 2 describes her theoretical grounding. To structure her documentation and interpretation of the site, White uses Lefebvrian tripartite space (conceived–perceived–lived), de Certeau’s strategies and tactics, Bataille’s framework on the social expenditure of wealth (the accursed share), De Landa’s meshwork, and Deleuze and Guattari’s smooth and striated space.3 There is a danger of overcomplication from such a conceptual toolkit, but White uses these concepts to clearly organize and ground her observations as she gives us the gritty details of building, inhabiting, and de-constructing the encampment. Chapters 3 through 8 follow a narrative arc from construction, to occupation, to decamping. Much of this work could inform the practical parts of a travel guide; however, its directness causes these chapters to read somewhat like a checklist. Construction of the Man starts the event (the Man is a multistory wooden effigy at the center point of the urban form, and the hub of the event). “In cooperation with the BLM [Bureau of Land Management], the central point of the city, the location where the Man will stand, is pinpointed. . . . The Golden Spike ceremony formally kicks off the build cyc","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/bdl.2023.a911888
Charlette M. Caldwell
Reviewed by: Building Antebellum New Orleans: Free People of Color and Their Influence by Tara A. Dudley Charlette M. Caldwell (bio) Tara A. Dudley Building Antebellum New Orleans: Free People of Color and Their Influence Austin: University of Texas, 2021 336 pages, 94 black-and-white and 22 color illustrations ISBN: 9781477323021, $50.00 HB ISBN: 9781477323045, $50.00 EB Engagement, as Tara A. Dudley defines it in Building Antebellum New Orleans, encapsulates the architectural and building histories of underrepresented communities, bringing to the fore the signification of commitment and conflict that faces a racialized group when acquiring property and asserting the right to build on their property. As Louisiana grew rapidly between the 1830s and the 1840s, the gens de couleur libres community—free people of color who were of mixed Black and European ancestry—prospered, engaging in building trades and property acquisitions that left an indelible mark on the built environment. As Dudley writes, these free people of color and their buildings have been unexplored fully in architectural history, leaving a crucial gap that she expertly fills to show these communities’ influences on American architecture. The free people of color in New Orleans trace their origins to informal relationships between White men and women of color. Laws were lenient regarding interracial relationships, which contributed naturally to the growth of a distinct mixed-race class. Two families in particular, the Dolliole family and the Soulié family, contributed significantly to the building industry in New Orleans, their work concentrated mostly in the Vieux Carré and Faubourg Tremé neighborhoods. And although the population numbers of the gens de couleur libres decreased in the city toward the end of the antebellum period, their presence nonetheless influenced the economic opportunities available for them. The book is divided into three parts. In the first, “Ownership: Possessing the Built Environment,” Dudley uses the property histories of the Dolliole and the Soulié families as case studies to structure the book, delving first into a detailed history of their property acquisitions before exploring their ramifications. In chapter 1, “The Gens de Couleur Libres’ Acquisition of Property,” Dudley details how the ownership of property “was the first step in the architecture-driven identity-building process by which many builders and developers of color established their place in antebellum New Orleans” (25). Members of these families often used inter vivos (between living people) donations to transfer or gift property to relatives. This was often the case after a family member passed away or gifted the property to their offspring. Despite increasing limitations placed on people of color during this time, through donations and working with business associates, families like the Dollioles and the Souliés acquired a significant amount of property, establishing birthrights for their
由塔拉A.达德利(传记)塔拉A.达德利建筑战前新奥尔良:有色人种自由人及其影响奥斯汀:德克萨斯大学，2021 336页，94张黑白和22张彩色插图ISBN: 9781477323021, 50美元HB ISBN:[9781477323045] $50.00 EB Engagement，正如Tara a . Dudley在《战前新奥尔良的建筑》中所定义的那样，它概括了代表性不足的社区的建筑和建筑历史，突出了种族化群体在获得财产和主张在其财产上建造的权利时所面临的承诺和冲突的意义。随着路易斯安那州在19世纪30年代至40年代间的快速发展，自由色族(gens de couleur libres)社区——即黑人和欧洲混血的有色人种——繁荣起来，从事建筑贸易和财产收购，在建筑环境中留下了不可磨灭的印记。正如达德利所写，这些自由的有色人种和他们的建筑在建筑史上没有得到充分的探索，留下了一个关键的空白，她熟练地填补了这个空白，展示了这些社区对美国建筑的影响。新奥尔良的自由有色人种的起源可以追溯到白人男性和有色人种女性之间的非正式关系。法律对种族间的关系很宽容，这自然促成了一个独特的混合种族阶级的增长。特别是两个家族，Dolliole家族和souli家族，对新奥尔良的建筑业做出了重大贡献，他们的工作主要集中在Vieux carr和Faubourg trem社区。尽管在战前末期，自由色族的人口数量在城市中有所减少，但他们的存在仍然影响了他们的经济机会。这本书分为三个部分。在第一部《所有权:拥有建筑环境》中，达德利以多利奥勒家族和苏利奥尔家族的房产历史作为案例研究来构建这本书，在探索其后果之前，他首先深入研究了他们房产收购的详细历史。在第一章“自由色彩族对财产的收购”中，达德利详细描述了财产的所有权是如何“在建筑驱动的身份建设过程中迈出的第一步，许多有色人种的建设者和开发商在内战前的新奥尔良建立了自己的地位”(25)。这些家庭的成员经常使用活着的人之间的捐赠来转移或赠送财产给亲戚。这种情况通常发生在家庭成员去世或将财产赠与后代之后。尽管当时对有色人种的限制越来越多，但通过捐赠和与商业伙伴的合作，像Dollioles和soulisamas这样的家庭获得了大量财产，为他们的后代建立了与生俱来的权利。在第二章“使用和位置的影响”中，达德利不仅考察了Vieux carr和Faubourg trem的建筑历史，还考察了其他郊区和街道的建筑历史，展示了自由色彩族如何在新奥尔良市从欧洲殖民地到美国城市的起源中相互作用和移动。这些家庭利用白人克里奥尔人和美国人认为不重要的地区，为有色人种建立了一个安全的财产立足点。正如达德利所解释的那样，“自由色彩族作为业主和投机者的成功，在一个文化和种族隔离越来越美国化的城市中呈现出一种二分法，并试图让自由的有色人种在日常生活中处于‘适当的位置’。”另一方面，他们的现实强调了他们与克里奥尔白人和许多美国人保持的平等”(71)。这些房产的集中也很重要，因为它们的规模庞大，而且在19世纪40年代以后，自由色族的人口规模减少很久之后，它们的位置影响了城市的种族人口统计。第2部分，“参与:形成和改造建筑环境”，从第3章“Dolliole和souli家庭的建筑”开始，重点关注参与的用途，或者是自由色彩族如何形成和改造他们居住的建筑环境。这一章对达德利的论点来说是最重要的，因为她探讨了每个成员如何……
{"title":"Building Antebellum New Orleans: Free People of Color and Their Influence by Tara A. Dudley (review)","authors":"Charlette M. Caldwell","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2023.a911888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2023.a911888","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Building Antebellum New Orleans: Free People of Color and Their Influence by Tara A. Dudley Charlette M. Caldwell (bio) Tara A. Dudley Building Antebellum New Orleans: Free People of Color and Their Influence Austin: University of Texas, 2021 336 pages, 94 black-and-white and 22 color illustrations ISBN: 9781477323021, $50.00 HB ISBN: 9781477323045, $50.00 EB Engagement, as Tara A. Dudley defines it in Building Antebellum New Orleans, encapsulates the architectural and building histories of underrepresented communities, bringing to the fore the signification of commitment and conflict that faces a racialized group when acquiring property and asserting the right to build on their property. As Louisiana grew rapidly between the 1830s and the 1840s, the gens de couleur libres community—free people of color who were of mixed Black and European ancestry—prospered, engaging in building trades and property acquisitions that left an indelible mark on the built environment. As Dudley writes, these free people of color and their buildings have been unexplored fully in architectural history, leaving a crucial gap that she expertly fills to show these communities’ influences on American architecture. The free people of color in New Orleans trace their origins to informal relationships between White men and women of color. Laws were lenient regarding interracial relationships, which contributed naturally to the growth of a distinct mixed-race class. Two families in particular, the Dolliole family and the Soulié family, contributed significantly to the building industry in New Orleans, their work concentrated mostly in the Vieux Carré and Faubourg Tremé neighborhoods. And although the population numbers of the gens de couleur libres decreased in the city toward the end of the antebellum period, their presence nonetheless influenced the economic opportunities available for them. The book is divided into three parts. In the first, “Ownership: Possessing the Built Environment,” Dudley uses the property histories of the Dolliole and the Soulié families as case studies to structure the book, delving first into a detailed history of their property acquisitions before exploring their ramifications. In chapter 1, “The Gens de Couleur Libres’ Acquisition of Property,” Dudley details how the ownership of property “was the first step in the architecture-driven identity-building process by which many builders and developers of color established their place in antebellum New Orleans” (25). Members of these families often used inter vivos (between living people) donations to transfer or gift property to relatives. This was often the case after a family member passed away or gifted the property to their offspring. Despite increasing limitations placed on people of color during this time, through donations and working with business associates, families like the Dollioles and the Souliés acquired a significant amount of property, establishing birthrights for their","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fieldwork Forum for the VAF","authors":"Brent R. Fortenberry, J. Buckley","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"128 1","pages":"1 - 1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88032044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:The transformation of once-rural Short Pump, Virginia, into a sprawling suburban shopping destination speaks to the evolution of numerous American edge cities—concentrations of new development on the outskirts of more traditional urban areas. Although such areas likely represent the future of urban growth, many accuse them of lacking history. The story of Short Pump, located west of Richmond, challenges this view. Developing in three main stages, the area began as a prominent local tavern during the early Republic that acted as the focal point for a community shaped by industry and slavery. While this business eventually declined, the early twentieth century brought new changes as residents responded to Richmond’s expansion by altering their environment and redefining what “Short Pump” was. The area’s most dramatic alteration, however, occurred in the late 1990s and early 2000s when large-scale development arrived. Following a common pattern, Short Pump exploded because of White flight, the convergence of interstate highways, and the opening of a massive mall complex. Continually shaped by roads, race, and retail, Short Pump’s changing built environment demonstrates the complex interplay between past and present that influenced the development of edge cities across the United States.
{"title":"Roads, Race, and Retail: The Transformation of Short Pump, Virginia","authors":"William Tharp","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0014","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:The transformation of once-rural Short Pump, Virginia, into a sprawling suburban shopping destination speaks to the evolution of numerous American edge cities—concentrations of new development on the outskirts of more traditional urban areas. Although such areas likely represent the future of urban growth, many accuse them of lacking history. The story of Short Pump, located west of Richmond, challenges this view. Developing in three main stages, the area began as a prominent local tavern during the early Republic that acted as the focal point for a community shaped by industry and slavery. While this business eventually declined, the early twentieth century brought new changes as residents responded to Richmond’s expansion by altering their environment and redefining what “Short Pump” was. The area’s most dramatic alteration, however, occurred in the late 1990s and early 2000s when large-scale development arrived. Following a common pattern, Short Pump exploded because of White flight, the convergence of interstate highways, and the opening of a massive mall complex. Continually shaped by roads, race, and retail, Short Pump’s changing built environment demonstrates the complex interplay between past and present that influenced the development of edge cities across the United States.","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"34 1","pages":"74 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72681907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a historian of the built environment, I began talking to people “in the field” almost twenty years ago, when researching my master’s thesis at the University of California Berkeley. Human stories and experiences have been a critical source of primary evidence in my research since that time, and I continue to seek clarity and resolve about my own research methods. Here, I offer questions and reflections on my working process, as well as thoughts about how our discipline can further refine methods for engaging humans in built environment research. While my methods are not unique, I have developed working strategies from the ground up through the mistakes, awkward encounters, and surprising rewards that occur in the field. As a scholar who engages with living subjects, I am not only learning the terms of such engagement but also who I am as a subject in a shared field.
作为一名建筑环境的历史学家，大约在20年前，当我在加州大学伯克利分校(University of California Berkeley)做硕士论文研究时，我开始与“这个领域”的人交谈。从那时起，人类的故事和经历一直是我研究中重要的主要证据来源，我继续寻求清晰和解决我自己的研究方法。在这里，我对我的工作过程提出了问题和思考，以及关于我们的学科如何进一步完善人类参与建筑环境研究的方法的想法。虽然我的方法并不独特，但我已经通过在这个领域中发生的错误、尴尬的遭遇和令人惊讶的回报，从头开始制定了工作策略。作为一个研究活的主体的学者，我不仅要了解这种参与的条件，还要了解我作为一个共享领域的主体是谁。
{"title":"A Personal Reflection on People as “Subjects” for Built Environment Research","authors":"Sarah Lopez","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0011","url":null,"abstract":"As a historian of the built environment, I began talking to people “in the field” almost twenty years ago, when researching my master’s thesis at the University of California Berkeley. Human stories and experiences have been a critical source of primary evidence in my research since that time, and I continue to seek clarity and resolve about my own research methods. Here, I offer questions and reflections on my working process, as well as thoughts about how our discipline can further refine methods for engaging humans in built environment research. While my methods are not unique, I have developed working strategies from the ground up through the mistakes, awkward encounters, and surprising rewards that occur in the field. As a scholar who engages with living subjects, I am not only learning the terms of such engagement but also who I am as a subject in a shared field.","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"155 1","pages":"25 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77925193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
new proposals for the site accountable to public review and local demands for more affordable housing. His vivid description of this contentious episode successfully conveys the sense of community desperation that is often the prime motivator, unfortunately, for members of the public to engage in preservation work. Passell concludes his study by reiterating his claim that the effects of historic district designations are determined by contingent historical and geographical factors, and then calling for additional placebased case studies of the historic districting process. Ultimately, the ambitions of Preserving Neighborhoods are modest. Never proposing to resolve the question of whether historic districts are ultimately good or bad for architecture or urban life, the book is an invitation to rethink a powerful historic preservation tool from a datadriven and communitycentered perspective.
{"title":"Sunnyside Gardens: Planning and Preservation in a Historic Garden Suburb by Jeffrey A. Kroessler, and: Teardown: Memoir of a Vanishing City by Gordon Young (review)","authors":"Timothy Kelly","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0017","url":null,"abstract":"new proposals for the site accountable to public review and local demands for more affordable housing. His vivid description of this contentious episode successfully conveys the sense of community desperation that is often the prime motivator, unfortunately, for members of the public to engage in preservation work. Passell concludes his study by reiterating his claim that the effects of historic district designations are determined by contingent historical and geographical factors, and then calling for additional placebased case studies of the historic districting process. Ultimately, the ambitions of Preserving Neighborhoods are modest. Never proposing to resolve the question of whether historic districts are ultimately good or bad for architecture or urban life, the book is an invitation to rethink a powerful historic preservation tool from a datadriven and communitycentered perspective.","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"2 1","pages":"120 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82845759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topography of Wellness: How Health and Disease Shaped the American Landscape by Sara Jensen Carr (review)","authors":"Jennifer L. Thomas","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"115 1","pages":"126 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79358783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preserving Neighborhoods: How Urban Policy and Community Strategy Shape Baltimore and Brooklyn by Aaron Passell (review)","authors":"Kevin P. Block","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"188 1","pages":"118 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82345498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surrounded by war, racial violence, injustice, climate catastrophe, and health disasters, I search for that little ray of hope that could make my work as an architectural historian meaningful. As Mariame Kaba prophetically declares, hope is not an abstract ideal we move toward, but a scrupulous mode of living and working. I remember a question that architectural historian Abigail Van Slyck once posed: “How can we make history do work” for the dream of a better future?2 The answer to that query is to create a history committed to social and environmental justice. Can fieldwork and fieldbased research go beyond collection, interpretation, and description of the material world, toward an expanded mode where one aspires to change minds and dreams and strives to act in order to build a more equitable future? That kind of fieldwork is timeconsuming and is driven by an ethical framework that goes beyond mere data collection.3 As vernacular architecture historians, we can collect information in an intense month of fieldwork, but to use that information toward change and action we must develop a deeper and longer commitment to the communities we engage. Collaborative fieldwork is aimed at transforming “the space of fieldwork from one of data collection to one of coconceptualization.”4 It takes time to gain trust. Cocreating knowledge with the people whose world we study requires myriad forms of engagement and conversations that exceed the measurements, documentation, and formal analysis of buildings.5 One way to expand the scope of fieldwork beyond an examination of material culture is to include oral histories and ethnographic methods.6 Appending such techniques to a historian’s toolkit is necessary, but not adequate. A scholar of the built environment needs to carefully examine how knowledge is produced in the academy versus how it is constructed in the everyday world. These processes are different and therefore our objective should go beyond adding new methods to focus on modes of discernment and how we construct knowledge. In this article I argue for a praxisbased fieldwork that produces transformative social actions.7 Central to this process is a commitment of time and a willingness to be open to fortuity. When we return to the community repeatedly in order to cocreate knowledge with residents, we open up opportunities and experience unexpected situations that offer us new ways of knowing that we never presumed in the first place. Serendipity offers new avenues, new stories, and new ways to act. Asking field researchers to pivot and allow for unexpected turns in their work can seem like an unwelcome challenge, but this is exactly how community members operate and how they produce knowledge in their world. ARIJIT SEN
在战争、种族暴力、不公正、气候灾难和健康灾难的包围下，我寻找那一丝希望，让我作为一名建筑历史学家的工作变得有意义。正如玛丽亚姆·卡巴预言的那样，希望不是我们努力追求的抽象理想，而是一种严谨的生活和工作模式。我记得建筑历史学家Abigail Van Slyck曾经提出的一个问题:“我们如何让历史发挥作用”，以实现更美好未来的梦想?这个问题的答案是创造一个致力于社会和环境正义的历史。实地考察和基于实地的研究能否超越对物质世界的收集、解释和描述，走向一种扩展的模式，在这种模式下，人们渴望改变思想和梦想，并努力采取行动，以建立一个更公平的未来?这种实地调查是费时的，而且受道德框架的驱使，而不仅仅是数据收集作为本土建筑历史学家，我们可以在一个月紧张的实地调查中收集信息，但为了将这些信息用于变革和行动，我们必须对我们参与的社区建立更深入、更长久的承诺。协同田野调查旨在将田野调查空间从数据收集空间转变为概念化空间。获得信任需要时间。与我们所研究的世界的人们共同创造知识，需要无数形式的参与和对话，这超出了对建筑物的测量、文档和正式分析将田野调查的范围扩大到物质文化考察之外的一种方法是包括口述历史和民族志方法将这样的技巧添加到历史学家的工具箱中是必要的，但还不够。研究建筑环境的学者需要仔细研究知识是如何在学术界产生的，又是如何在日常世界中构建的。这些过程是不同的，因此我们的目标应该超越添加新的方法来关注识别模式以及我们如何构建知识。在这篇文章中，我主张以实践为基础的实地考察可以产生变革性的社会行动这个过程的核心是对时间的承诺和对机遇开放的意愿。当我们反复回到社区，与居民共同创造知识时，我们打开了机会，体验了意想不到的情况，为我们提供了新的认识方式，这是我们一开始从未设想过的。机缘巧合提供了新的途径、新的故事和新的行动方式。要求实地研究人员在他们的工作中转向并允许意想不到的转变，这似乎是一个不受欢迎的挑战，但这正是社区成员的运作方式，也是他们在自己的世界中产生知识的方式。森业务
{"title":"Making a Case for Serendipity in Architectural Fieldwork","authors":"Arijit Sen","doi":"10.1353/bdl.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Surrounded by war, racial violence, injustice, climate catastrophe, and health disasters, I search for that little ray of hope that could make my work as an architectural historian meaningful. As Mariame Kaba prophetically declares, hope is not an abstract ideal we move toward, but a scrupulous mode of living and working. I remember a question that architectural historian Abigail Van Slyck once posed: “How can we make history do work” for the dream of a better future?2 The answer to that query is to create a history committed to social and environmental justice. Can fieldwork and fieldbased research go beyond collection, interpretation, and description of the material world, toward an expanded mode where one aspires to change minds and dreams and strives to act in order to build a more equitable future? That kind of fieldwork is timeconsuming and is driven by an ethical framework that goes beyond mere data collection.3 As vernacular architecture historians, we can collect information in an intense month of fieldwork, but to use that information toward change and action we must develop a deeper and longer commitment to the communities we engage. Collaborative fieldwork is aimed at transforming “the space of fieldwork from one of data collection to one of coconceptualization.”4 It takes time to gain trust. Cocreating knowledge with the people whose world we study requires myriad forms of engagement and conversations that exceed the measurements, documentation, and formal analysis of buildings.5 One way to expand the scope of fieldwork beyond an examination of material culture is to include oral histories and ethnographic methods.6 Appending such techniques to a historian’s toolkit is necessary, but not adequate. A scholar of the built environment needs to carefully examine how knowledge is produced in the academy versus how it is constructed in the everyday world. These processes are different and therefore our objective should go beyond adding new methods to focus on modes of discernment and how we construct knowledge. In this article I argue for a praxisbased fieldwork that produces transformative social actions.7 Central to this process is a commitment of time and a willingness to be open to fortuity. When we return to the community repeatedly in order to cocreate knowledge with residents, we open up opportunities and experience unexpected situations that offer us new ways of knowing that we never presumed in the first place. Serendipity offers new avenues, new stories, and new ways to act. Asking field researchers to pivot and allow for unexpected turns in their work can seem like an unwelcome challenge, but this is exactly how community members operate and how they produce knowledge in their world. ARIJIT SEN","PeriodicalId":41826,"journal":{"name":"Buildings & Landscapes-Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum","volume":"13 1","pages":"36 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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