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El joven Simonet y el esplendor de la civilización árabe 年轻的西莫奈和阿拉伯文明的辉煌
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.29.011
Bernabé López García
En 1857 el arabista malagueño Francisco Javier Simonet inauguró una cátedra de “Historia Literaria de los árabes en España” con un Discurso sobre la importancia de los estudios árabes claramente laudatorio de las virtudes y logros de la civilización árabe. El contenido de esta lección magistral fue dado a la luz en las páginas de la revista El Occidente y fue reproducido por la revista La América en dos números en diciembre de 1858. El interés que presenta para la historia del arabismo estriba en que nos presenta a un joven Simonet muy influenciado por la idealización de los árabes del romanticismo, que insiste en el contraste del desarrollo alcanzado por dicha civilización en contraste con la decadencia de la cultura en la Europa medieval. Simonet evolucionará años después hacia posiciones diametralmente opuestas para convertirse en el detractor por excelencia entre los arabistas españolas de la civilización musulmana. La REIM reproduce las dos entregas del citado Discurso.
1857年,马拉加阿拉伯学者弗朗西斯科·哈维尔·西莫内(Francisco Javier Simonet)开设了“西班牙阿拉伯人文学史”讲座,他发表了一篇关于阿拉伯研究重要性的演讲,明确地赞扬了阿拉伯文明的美德和成就。这一大师课的内容发表在《西方》杂志上,并于1858年12月在《美国》杂志上重印了两期。说明对历史兴趣浓郁芬芳,关键还在于我们提出了一个年轻Simonet非常受到阿拉伯人的理想化的浪漫主义,坚持要在对比度达到发展该文明对比衰减的,在中世纪的欧洲文化。多年后,西莫内演变成截然相反的立场,成为穆斯林文明的西班牙阿拉伯学者中最优秀的批评者。REIM复制了上述演讲的两部分。
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引用次数: 0
La construcción de la sharía: entre la ambigüedad conceptual y los imperativos de la realidad 伊斯兰教法的构建:在概念的模糊性和现实的要求之间
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.29.008
Muhammad Abdelouahab Rafiki
Este artículo analiza la construcción de la noción de sharía desde la historia intelectual árabe, comenzando por las visiones más tradicionales, pasando por las visiones modernizadoras de la Nahda del s. XIX y llegando a los discursos islamistas y salafistas del s. XX. Revisa cómo se fue constituyendo el corpus jurídico de la sharía como resultado de la interacción del texto con el contexto, y las tensiones y transformaciones a las que se ha visto sometido a raíz de la creación de los Estados modernos
本文从阿拉伯知识分子的历史出发,分析了伊斯兰教法概念的构建,从最传统的观点开始,经过19世纪复兴党的现代化观点,到达20世纪伊斯兰教和萨拉菲斯特的话语。回顾伊斯兰教法的法律主体是如何通过文本与语境的相互作用而形成的,以及现代国家的建立所带来的紧张和转变
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引用次数: 0
Supporting Israel by Withholding Support from International Organizations: UNRWA and UNESCO in Trump’s Foreign Policy. 拒绝国际组织支持以色列:特朗普外交政策中的近东救济工程处和联合国教科文组织。
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.002
Julieta Espín Ocampo, Alberto Moreno Melgarejo, Estela Navarro Zapata
This paper analyses the steps undertaken by the Trump Administration against UNESCO and UNRWA,the former being a specialized organization, and the latter a specialized agency of the United Nations system, in order to pressure the Palestinian representatives to reach a final peace agreement with Israel that would go against the basic national aspirations of the Palestinian people and the international law. The article aims to highlight the consequences of this new political approach and how it directly affects the relationship between Palestinians and Israel.
本文分析了特朗普政府对联合国教科文组织和近东救济工程处采取的措施,前者是一个专门组织,后者是联合国系统的一个专门机构,以迫使巴勒斯坦代表与以色列达成一项违背巴勒斯坦人民基本民族愿望和国际法的最终和平协议。这篇文章旨在强调这种新的政治方法的后果,以及它如何直接影响巴勒斯坦人和以色列之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Cricket, an oddity in the Arab-Gulf lands or a mirror of an enduring South Asian diaspora? 板球是阿拉伯海湾地区的异类,还是南亚移民的一面镜子?
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.007
R. Kanchana
The article highlights the apparent anomaly of the rise of cricket in the Arab-Gulf region. It argues that the evolution of cricket in the six Gulf Cooperative Council countries (GCC) from essentially an expatriate sport to its status today, with evident strengths and weaknesses, reflects the quality of the consolidation of the South Asian community, and especially of the Indian diaspora. The relationship between sports and the diaspora remains relatively unexplored. Using an empirical and comparative method, the paper adds to the current literature by studying the link between cricket and the diaspora in the Gulf region.
这篇文章强调了板球运动在阿拉伯海湾地区兴起的明显反常之处。它认为,板球在六个海湾合作委员会国家(GCC)从本质上是一项外籍人士的运动发展到今天的地位,具有明显的优势和劣势,反映了南亚社区,特别是印度侨民的整合质量。体育运动与海外侨民之间的关系仍然相对未被探索。采用实证和比较的方法,本文通过研究板球与海湾地区侨民之间的联系,增加了当前的文献。
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引用次数: 1
Las Operaciones de Paz de las Naciones Unidas y los derechos humanos: el caso de la MINURSO en el Sáhara Occidental 联合国和平行动与人权:西撒哈拉西撒特派团的案例
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.003
Juan Domingo Torrejón Rodríguez
United Nations Peace Operations may include in their mandate the possibility of monitoring the human rights situation. However, one of the notable exceptions is the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO). Therefore, our goal is to analyze what role MINURSO can play in the observation of human rights in Western Sahara, as well as to formulate some proposals in this regard.
联合国和平行动可在其任务规定中包括监测人权情况的可能性。然而,一个明显的例外是联合国西撒哈拉全民投票特派团(西撒特派团)。因此,我们的目标是分析西撒特派团在观察西撒哈拉的人权方面可以发挥什么作用,并在这方面拟订一些建议。
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引用次数: 2
La guerra corsaria entre España y la Regencia de Argel (1822-1827) 西班牙与阿尔及尔摄政王之间的海盗战争(1822-1827)
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.009
Juan Luis Quintana Moraira
espanolEl objetivo del presente articulo es analizar el desarrollo de la guerra declarada por la Regencia corsaria de Argel a Espana en el ano 1822. Este conflicto es un gran desconocido para la historiografia espanola. Por tanto, es nuestro proposito en primer lugar darlo a conocer y, en segundo, valorar su importancia real dentro de la historia espanola del siglo XIX. Las aportaciones de las Actas del Consejo de Ministros son la fuente perfecta para complementar la correspondencia consular con Argel, y ofrecer una vision completa de los cinco anos que duro la guerra corsaria. EnglishThe objective of this paper is to analyze the development of the war declared by the Corsair Regency of Algiers to Spain in the year 1822. This conflict is a great unknown for Spanish historiography. Therefore, our first purpose is to shed some light on it, to then assess its real importance within the Spanish history of the 19th century. The contributions of the Actas del Consejo de Ministros (the Minutes of the Council of Ministers) are the perfect source to complement the consular correspondence with Algiers, and to offer a complete picture of the five years that the Corsair war lasted.
这篇文章的目的是分析1822年阿尔及尔海盗摄政王对西班牙宣战的发展。这场冲突对西班牙史学来说是一个巨大的未知数。因此,我们的目标是首先宣传它,其次评估它在19世纪西班牙历史上的真正重要性。部长理事会会议记录的投入是补充与阿尔及尔领事通信的完美来源,并全面了解海盗战争持续了五年。英文本文件的目的是分析1822年阿尔及尔海盗摄政王对西班牙宣战的演变。这场冲突对西班牙史学来说是一个巨大的未知数。因此,我们的第一个目的是对其进行一些了解,然后评估其在19世纪西班牙历史上的真正重要性。部长理事会会议记录(《部长理事会会议记录》)的贡献是补充与阿尔及尔领事通信的完美来源,并提供了海盗战争持续五年的完整画面。
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引用次数: 0
El jerifismo marroquí en la agenda colonial española como factor de legitimidad política, control social e instrumento de propaganda en el norte de Marruecos (1912-1956) 西班牙殖民议程中的摩洛哥jeriism作为摩洛哥北部政治合法性、社会控制和宣传工具的因素(1912-1956)
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.008
Said El Ghazi El Imlahi
This article analyzes the circles of influence and power linked to Sharifism in the north of Morocco and its interactions with the Spanish colonial administration in the framework of the religious policy implemented in the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco. Thus, the paper analyzes how the colonial religious policy fitted the dominant Catholic national ideology in Spain after the end of the civil war
本文分析了摩洛哥北部与Sharifism相关的势力和权力圈子,以及在西班牙保护国在摩洛哥实施的宗教政策框架下,Sharifisms与西班牙殖民行政当局的互动。因此,本文分析了西班牙内战结束后,殖民地的宗教政策是如何与占主导地位的天主教民族意识形态相适应的
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引用次数: 0
The Civil Society, the Commune, the Parliament: strategies for political promotion of young rural leaders in the province of El Hajeb, Morocco 民间社会、公社、议会:摩洛哥哈杰卜省青年农村领导人的政治提升战略
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.005
Hind Ftouhi, Z. Kadiri, M. Mahdi
Bearing in mind that elections are an auspicious time to raise local political issues, this article analyses the strategies of young men and women leaders inthe province of El Hajeb in Morocco and how they negotiate their leadership roles at the local level. The article is based on observations and semi-structured interviews conducted with young leaders and resource holdersduring the legislative elections of October 2016. While some young people manage to accessmunicipal councils, the present authorsfind evidence to suggest that they cannot become parliamentarians because of being hampered by a lack of social networksthat would broaden their constituency, as well asa lack of material resources to run their election campaigns. For young women, access to parliament is even more difficult, particularly if they fail to obtain a seat through the women’s quota system. Conscious of their limited resources, some young people consider the electoral period as a resource in itself for asserting themselves at the local level and negotiating their political rise. In parallel, they develop electoral strategies to position themselves as local leaders without necessarily running as candidates in legislative elections by choosing to: a) go through several local and regional elective structures; b) strengthen their position within any political party; c) get involved for many years in associational work while attempting to move upwards from the territory of their village to the commune, and then to the province; and d) draw on family notability. The authors’ aim is to show that young leaders are not instrumentalised by potential elected representatives but thatthey carefully negotiate the support they provide to such representatives in order to consolidate their local leadership.
考虑到选举是提出地方政治问题的好时机,本文分析了摩洛哥哈杰布省年轻男女领导人的战略,以及他们如何在地方一级谈判自己的领导角色。本文基于2016年10月立法选举期间对年轻领导人和资源持有者进行的观察和半结构化采访。虽然一些年轻人设法进入了市政委员会,但目前的作者发现证据表明,他们无法成为议员,因为他们缺乏扩大选区的社交网络,也缺乏开展竞选活动的物质资源。对于年轻女性来说,进入议会更加困难,尤其是如果她们无法通过妇女配额制度获得席位。一些年轻人意识到自己的资源有限,认为选举期本身就是在地方一级维护自己和谈判政治崛起的资源。与此同时,他们制定了选举战略,将自己定位为地方领导人,而不必作为候选人参加立法选举,他们选择:a)通过几个地方和区域选举结构;b) 加强他们在任何政党中的地位;c) 多年从事社团工作,同时试图从他们的村庄向上转移到公社,然后再转移到省;以及d)利用家族知名度。作者的目的是表明,年轻领导人不会被潜在的民选代表利用,而是他们会仔细协商向这些代表提供的支持,以巩固他们的地方领导地位。
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引用次数: 2
Recuerdo del arabista tangerino Ricardo Ruíz Orsatti en el centenario de la muerte de Galdós 在galdos逝世一百周年之际,纪念橘子阿拉伯学者Ricardo ruiz Orsatti
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.010
Bernabé López García
The history of Spanish Arabism is often confused with that of the academic discipline, but the role played by Arabic translators and interpreters must also be taken into account, in which the brothers Ruiz Orsatti, Ricardo and Reginaldo must be remembered. Ricardo Ruiz Orsatti played an important role in Spanish-Moroccan relations in the first half of the 20th century. But his name is especially known for the correspondence he had with the writer Benito Perez Galdos between 1901 and 1910, which would be decisive for the drafting by the novelist of two of his national episodes. Aita Tettauen y Carlos VI en la Rapita. The centenary of the death of the Canarian writer seems a propitious occasion to place this correspondence in its context and rescue the figure of Ricardo Ruiz Orsatti.
西班牙阿拉伯主义的历史经常与学术学科的历史相混淆,但也必须考虑到阿拉伯语翻译人员所扮演的角色,其中必须记住鲁伊斯·奥尔萨蒂、里卡多和雷金纳多兄弟。里卡多·鲁伊斯·奥尔萨蒂在20世纪上半叶的西摩关系中发挥了重要作用。但他的名字尤其为人所知的是他在1901年至1910年间与作家贝尼托·佩雷斯·加尔多斯的通信,这对这位小说家起草他的两部全国性剧集具有决定性意义。Aita Tettauen和Carlos VI在拉皮塔。这位加那利作家逝世一百周年似乎是一个将这封信件置于其背景中并拯救里卡多·鲁伊斯·奥尔萨蒂形象的好时机。
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引用次数: 0
The Middle East challenge to the Nuclear Weapons Ban Ttreaty 中东对《禁止核武器条约》的挑战
IF 0.1 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.15366/reim2020.28.006
Daniel Rajmil
The historic approval in July 2017 of a treaty banning nuclear arms, despite the complex nature of such an agreement, could represent a significant stride towards the worldwide elimination of the-se weapons. In addition, it reinforced the conviction that NWFZs (Nuclear Weapons Free Zones) can contribute to the success of complex regional disarmament processes, as in the Middle East. This study aims to present an exploratory analysis of the Middle Eastern vote and the respective political views exhibited by the countries of the region during the United Nations treaty negotia-tions, from the treaty-drafting negotiations to the final vote. In an uncertain global context of re-emergent deterrence policies, a review of the possible limitation of nuclear weapons through a regional case offers an interesting insight into the state of current international affairs.
2017年7月历史性地批准了一项禁止核武器的条约,尽管该条约的性质很复杂,但它可能代表着在全球范围内消除核武器方面迈出了重要的一步。此外,它还加强了这样一种信念,即无核武器区可以促进复杂的区域裁军进程的成功,例如在中东。本研究旨在探索性分析中东国家在联合国条约谈判过程中,从条约起草谈判到最后投票,所表现出的各自政治观点。在重新出现的威慑政策的不确定的全球背景下,通过一个区域案例审查可能限制核武器的情况,提供了对当前国际事务状况的有趣见解。
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引用次数: 1
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Revista de Estudios Internacionales Mediterraneos
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