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Fagnano's Method for Solving Algebraic Equations: Its Historical Overview and Development 法格纳诺求解代数方程的方法:历史回顾与发展
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.3-4.304-348
A. Abyzov
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引用次数: 0
The Method of Plotting a Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Total Electron Content in the Region of Artificial Airglow of the Ionosphere 电离层人工气辉区域总电子含量空间分布图的绘制方法
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.1.59-76
I. Nasyrov, D. Kogogin, A. Shindin, S. Grach, R. Zagretdinov, A. Beletsky, V. Emeljanov
The method of plotting a spatial distribution pattern of the total electron content (TEC) in the region of artificial airglow of the ionosphere in the red line of the optical spectrum ( λ = = 630 nm) was developed during the experiments on disturbances of the ionosphere by powerful radio emission of the SURA facility. To test the method, a measurement session on August 29, 2016 from 18:40 to 20:10 UTC, i.e., when the ionospheric and weather conditions varied slightly and allowed simultaneous optical measurements of the artificial airglow of the ionosphere from two spatially separated sites (Vasilsursk near the SURA facility and Magnitka lying ∼ 170 km East of the SURA facility), was selected. As a result of the simultaneous optical measurements, the area of artificial airglow was plotted in a three-dimensional projection and the spatial position of the disturbed region of the ionosphere stimulated by the powerful radio emission of the SURA facility was determined. The method of plotting a spatial pattern of the electron density distribution in the disturbed region of the ionosphere is based on a joint analysis of variations in the TEC on the radio paths “navigation satellite – ground receiving site” for a number of receiving stations of the global navigation satellite systems located within a radius of ∼ 160 km from the SURA facility. By using this method, the values of electron density variations for different spatial cross-sections of the disturbed region of the ionosphere can be obtained. The joint analysis of the experimental data carried out with the help of the method under consideration showed that in the field of the powerful radio wave a disturbed region with the complex structure formed along the magnetic field lines. Plasma inhomogeneities with an increased electron density occurred at the boundaries of the region with a reduced electron concentration. The difference ∆ N e /N e at the boundaries of the disturbed region, i.e., between the regions with increased and decreased electron density, might reach 10%. The size of the disturbed region is l ⊥ ≈ 45 ÷ 60 km across and l (cid:107) (cid:38) 70 km along the Earth’s magnetic field lines.
在SURA设施强射电辐射干扰电离层实验中,提出了在光谱红线(λ = = 630 nm)上绘制电离层人工气辉区域总电子含量(TEC)空间分布图的方法。为了测试该方法,选择了2016年8月29日18:40至20:10 UTC的测量时段,即电离层和天气条件略有变化,并允许同时从两个空间分离的地点(SURA设施附近的Vasilsursk和位于SURA设施以东约170公里的Magnitka)对电离层的人工气光进行光学测量。通过同时进行的光学测量,绘制了人造气辉的三维投影面积,并确定了受SURA设施强射电辐射刺激的电离层扰动区的空间位置。绘制电离层扰动区域电子密度分布的空间格局的方法是基于对无线电路径“导航卫星-地面接收站”的TEC变化的联合分析,这些接收站位于距离SURA设施约160公里半径内的全球导航卫星系统的一些接收站。利用该方法,可以得到电离层扰动区不同空间截面上的电子密度变化值。利用所考虑的方法对实验数据进行了联合分析,结果表明,在强无线电波场中,沿磁力线形成了具有复杂结构的扰动区。电子密度增加的等离子体不均匀性发生在电子浓度降低的区域边界。在扰动区边界处,即电子密度增加和减少区域之间的差值∆N e /N e可能达到10%。扰动区的大小是沿地球磁力线⊥≈45 ÷ 60公里,沿地球磁力线⊥(cid:107) (cid:38) 70公里。
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引用次数: 0
On Solving the Problem of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Supercrystal Nonlinear Resonance Response 准二维超晶体非线性共振响应问题的求解
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.1.21-30
E. V. Timoshchenko, V. A. Yurevich
Taking into account the foundations of the generalized two-level scheme, an analytical solution to the problem of the evolution of superradiance in a quasi-two-dimensional supercrystal formed by quantum dots is obtained under homogeneous lasing field assumption in the resonant medium of the quasicrystal. The calculation was performed for the physical parameters of a semiconductor structure with quantum-well effects in the presence of resonant nonlinearity and intraband relaxation. We use the generalized two-level scheme, which allows us to take into account the self-modulating spectral broadening of the light field due to the absorption of radiation in quasi-resonant transitions in the quantum mechanical material equations, which are solved together with the field coupling equations. A relation is formulated that is analo-gous to the law of conservation of the polar angle of the Bloch vector for the more general case of interaction under consideration, in which, along with the phase nonlinearity of the response, the spread rate of active dipoles within the spectral line width is taken into account (i.e., the finiteness of the phase relaxation time of elementary emitters). The use of the Bloch vector formalism in this case makes it possible to obtain an analytical solution of the original modification of the nonlinear system of equations for the semiconductor supercrystals response variables and to calculate the shape of the superradiance pulses. The calculations predict the pronounced asymmetry of the pulses emitted by the semiconductor supercrystals. The calculated estimates of the time dynamics of the superradiance process, taking into account the nonlinearities typical for the resonant response, can be used in the development of methods for obtaining and profiling optical pulses in the sub-picosecond range of durations in modern compact nanophotonics devices.
考虑到广义二能级格式的基础,在准晶体谐振介质中,在均匀激光场假设下,得到了量子点形成的准二维超晶体中超辐射演化问题的解析解。计算了具有量子阱效应的半导体结构在共振非线性和带内弛豫存在下的物理参数。采用广义双能级格式,考虑了准共振跃迁中辐射吸收引起的光场自调制谱展宽,并与场耦合方程一起求解了量子力学材料方程。对于所考虑的更一般的相互作用情况,建立了类似于布洛赫矢量极角守恒定律的关系,其中,随着响应的相位非线性,考虑了谱线宽度内活动偶极子的传播速率(即,基本发射体的相位松弛时间的有限性)。在这种情况下,使用布洛赫矢量形式可以得到半导体超晶体响应变量非线性方程组的原始修正的解析解,并可以计算出超辐射脉冲的形状。计算预测了半导体超晶体发出的脉冲的明显不对称性。计算出的超辐射过程的时间动力学估计,考虑到共振响应的典型非线性,可用于现代紧凑纳米光子学器件中亚皮秒持续时间范围内的光脉冲的获取和分布方法的开发。
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引用次数: 0
A New DCT Filters-Based Method to Improve the Resistance of Ternary Watermarks in Audio Files Against Attacks 基于DCT滤波器提高音频文件中三元水印抗攻击能力的新方法
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.1.77-89
R. Latypov, E. Stolov
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引用次数: 0
Contact and Almost Contact Structures on the Real Extension of the Lobachevsky Plane 罗巴切夫斯基平面实延上的接触和几乎接触结构
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.3-4.291-303
V. I. Pan’zhenskii, A. O. Rastrepina
In this article, we propose a group model G of a real extension of the Lobachevsky plane H 2 × R . The group G is a Lie group of special-form matrices and a subgroup of the gene-ral linear group GL (3 , R ). It is proved that, on the group model of the real extension of the Lobachevsky plane, there is a unique left-invariant almost contact metric structure with the Riemannian metric of the direct product that is invariant with respect to the isometry group. The concept of a linear connection compatible with the distribution is introduced. All left-invariant linear connections for which the tensors of the almost contact metric structure ( η, ξ, ϕ, g ) are covariantly constant are found. Among the left-invariant differential 1-forms, a canonical form defining a contact structure on G is distinguished. The left-invariant contact metric connections are found. There is a unique left-invariant connection for which all tensors of the almost contact metric structure and the canonical contact form are covariantly constant. It is proved that this connection is compatible with the contact distribution in the sense that a single geodesic tangent to the contact distribution passes through each point in each contact direction. Parametric equations of geodesics of the given connection are found. It is also established that the Levi-Civita connection of the Riemannian metric of the direct product is not a connection compatible with the contact distribution.
在本文中,我们提出了Lobachevsky平面h2 × R实扩展的群模型G。群G是一类特殊形式矩阵的李群,是一般线性群GL (3, R)的子群。证明了在Lobachevsky平面实扩展的群模型上,存在一个唯一的左不变几乎接触度量结构,该结构与直积的黎曼度量相对于等距群是不变的。引入了与分布相适应的线性连接的概念。找到了几乎接触度量结构(η, ξ, ϕ, g)的张量为协变常数的所有左不变线性连接。在左不变微分1-形式中,区分了定义G上接触结构的标准形式。找到了左不变接触度量连接。存在一个唯一的左不变连接,使得几乎接触度量结构和规范接触形式的所有张量都是协变常数。在与接触分布相切的一条测地线在每个接触方向上通过每个点的意义上证明了这种连接与接触分布是相容的。得到了给定连接的测地线参数方程。并证明了直接积的黎曼度规的列维-奇维塔连接不是与接触分布相容的连接。
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引用次数: 0
In Memory of Our Mentor 纪念我们的导师
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.1.95-112
A. M. Elizarov, Y. Hohlov
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引用次数: 0
Convergence of an Implicit Difference Scheme for the Problem of Saturated Filtration Consolidation with a Limiting Gradient 具有极限梯度的饱和滤土固结问题隐式差分格式的收敛性
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.3-4.250-260
V. L. Gnedenkova, M. Pavlova, E. Rung
This work is devoted to the study of the convergence of an implicit difference scheme for a one-dimensional initial-boundary problem that simulates the process of filtration consolidation with a limiting gradient. From a mathematical point of view, this model is a system of partial differential equations for the displacements of an elastic medium and fluid pressure. In addition, the equation for pressure is degenerate, with nonlinearity in the spatial operator, which generates a non-smooth solution. In this regard, the study of the convergence was carried out under minimal conditions on the smoothness of the initial data. It was based on obtai-ning a number of a priori estimates that allow, using the monotonicity method, to establish the convergence of piecewise constant completions of the difference solution to a generalized solution of the problem. The spatial operator was approximated using the method of summation identities.
本文研究了一维初始边界问题的隐式差分格式的收敛性,该问题模拟了具有极限梯度的过滤固结过程。从数学的观点来看,这个模型是弹性介质位移和流体压力的偏微分方程组。此外,压力方程是退化的,在空间算子上具有非线性,从而产生非光滑解。对此,在初始数据平滑性最小的条件下进行了收敛性研究。它是建立在获得一些先验估计的基础上的,这些估计允许使用单调性方法来建立问题的广义解的差分解的分段常数补全的收敛性。利用和恒等式逼近空间算子。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of a Liquid Jet on a Wetted Wall 液体射流对湿壁的冲击
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.2.117-127
T. Guseva
Some results of the numerical study of the impact of a cylindrical water jet (150–350 m/s) with the hemispherical head on a solid flat wall covered with a thin layer of water are presented. The numerical approach is based on the CIP-CUP method. The comparison is performed for the shock wave patterns, the zones with tensile stresses, and the wall load for a very thin layer (when the level of wall load and the load distribution are close to the jet impact on a dry wall) and for a relatively thick layer (when the load level decreases by more than 2 times and the load distribution is almost uniform). The tensile stress level indicates secondary cavitation. With an increase in the layer thickness, the size of the zone with tensile stresses increases and the stress level relatively slightly decreases. The effect of the jet velocity on the characteristics of the load and on the time dependencies of the maximum and average pressures for different layer thicknesses is considered in more detail. It is found that an increase in the jet velocity causes no significant change in the character of the wall load distribution, the change in the load level can be approximately estimated by the corresponding change in the water hammer pressure, and the size of the area with the maximum pressure increases. The maximum average pressure on the dry wall depending on the jet velocity is obtained, and it is well approximated by the water hammer pressure. With an increase in the layer thickness, the maximum average pressure on the wetted wall decreases from the water hammer pressure (which can be treated as a one-dimensional estimate in this case) the more, the lower the jet velocity. Thus, the influence of non-one-dimensional effects, which determines the damping effect of the layer, increases with a decrease in the jet velocity. Many thanks to Professor A.A. Aganin for helpful feedback on this study.
本文给出了半球形头圆柱水射流(150 ~ 350m /s)对覆盖有薄水层的固体平面壁面的冲击数值研究的一些结果。数值方法基于CIP-CUP方法。比较了极薄层(壁面荷载水平和荷载分布接近于射流对干壁面的冲击)和较厚层(壁面荷载水平下降2倍以上,荷载分布几乎均匀)的激波型、拉应力区和壁面荷载。拉应力水平表明二次空化。随着层厚的增加,有拉应力的区域尺寸增大,应力水平相对较小。更详细地考虑了射流速度对载荷特性的影响以及对不同层厚的最大压力和平均压力的时间依赖性的影响。研究发现,射流速度的增加对壁面荷载分布特征没有显著影响,荷载水平的变化可以通过水锤压力的相应变化来近似估计,最大压力区域的面积增大。得到了干壁面最大平均压力随射流速度的变化规律,并与水锤压力很好地近似。随着层厚的增加,湿壁面上的最大平均压力减小于水锤压力(在这种情况下可作为一维估计),水锤压力越大,射流速度越低。因此,决定层阻尼效果的非一维效应的影响随着射流速度的减小而增大。再次感谢A.A.教授对本研究的有益反馈。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of Formulas for Numerical Differentiation of Functions with Large Gradients on a Bakhvalov Mesh Bakhvalov网格上大梯度函数的数值微分公式分析
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.3-4.261-275
N. Zadorin
The article gives an estimate of the error of the classical formulas for the numerical diffe-rentiation of a function of one variable with large gradients in the exponential boundary layer. It is assumed that the function is decomposed in the form of the sum of the regular and singular components, which is valid for the solution of a boundary value problem for the ordinary second-order differential equation with a small parameter ε affecting the highest derivative. It is known that the application of the classical polynomial formulas of numerical differentiation to such a function in the case of a uniform mesh can lead to unacceptable errors. The article estimates the error of the formulas for numerical differentiation on the Bakhvalov mesh, which is condensed in the boundary layer region. Bakhvalov’s mesh is widely used to construct uniformly converging difference schemes; therefore, the error estimation of the numerical dif-ferentiation formulas on this mesh is of interest. The estimates of the error on the Bakhvalov mesh are obtained taking into account the uniformity in the small parameter for the classical difference formulas widely used to calculate the first, second, and third derivatives. The re-sults of numerical experiments are presented, which agree with the obtained error estimates. A numerical comparison of the obtained errors on the Bakhvalov and Shishkin meshes and on a uniform mesh is carried out.
本文对指数边界层中具有大梯度的单变量函数的数值微分的经典公式的误差进行了估计。假定函数分解为正则分量和奇异分量的和形式,这对于小参数ε影响最高导数的常二阶微分方程的边值问题的解是有效的。众所周知,在均匀网格的情况下,对这种函数应用经典的数值微分多项式公式会导致不可接受的误差。本文对压缩在边界层区域的巴赫瓦洛夫网格上的数值微分公式的误差进行了估计。Bakhvalov网格被广泛用于构造一致收敛的差分格式;因此,在这种网格上的数值微分公式的误差估计是有意义的。对于广泛用于计算一阶、二阶和三阶导数的经典差分公式,在考虑小参数均匀性的情况下,得到了巴赫瓦洛夫网格上的误差估计。给出了数值实验结果,与得到的误差估计相吻合。对在Bakhvalov和Shishkin网格和均匀网格上得到的误差进行了数值比较。
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引用次数: 0
Irreversible Deformation of a Rotating Disc under Plasticity and Creep 旋转圆盘在塑性和蠕变作用下的不可逆变形
IF 0.3 Q4 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7746.2021.2.167-180
A. Begun, L. V. Kovtanyuk
This paper is devoted to the study of deformation of a disk rotating with variable velocity (acceleration, deceleration, rotation at a constant rate) under consecutive accumulation of irreversible creep and plastic flow strains. The deformation processes of a hollow disk and a disk with an inclusion are studied. Under the assumption of a plane stress state within the framework of the flow theory, solutions of differential equations are obtained for calculating the fields of stresses, deformations, displacements, and velocities using finite difference schemes. In the case of an axisymmetric problem, the solution is obtained using the finite element method. The laws of viscoplastic flow area development are investigated. In a sufficiently thick disk, the radius of the elastoplastic boundary changes significantly along the thickness of the disk. The obtained solution is compared with the case of ideal elastoplasticity. Taking into account the viscosity leads to a deceleration of the flow. It is shown that the presence of angular acceleration during fast overclocking significantly affects the distribution of stress intensities.
本文研究了在不可逆蠕变应变和塑性流动应变连续累积作用下,以变速(加速、减速、匀速旋转)旋转的圆盘的变形。研究了空心盘和含夹杂盘的变形过程。在流动理论的框架下,在平面应力状态的假设下,得到了用有限差分格式计算应力场、变形场、位移场和速度场的微分方程的解。对于轴对称问题,采用有限元法求解。研究了粘塑性流区发展规律。在足够厚的圆盘中,弹塑性边界的半径沿圆盘的厚度变化显著。所得解与理想弹塑性情况进行了比较。考虑到粘度导致流动减速。结果表明,快速超频过程中角加速度的存在对应力强度的分布有显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta-Seriya Fiziko-Matematicheskie Nauki
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