{"title":"[Foreword] Welcome to the Special Section on IDW '20","authors":"T. Tsuzuki","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrochromism is electrochemical color changes in material and Tungsten oxide and viologens are the representative ones 1). The electrochromic (EC) materials are used as smart window or anti-glare mirror in airplanes, vehicles, and office. Recently, metallosupramolecular polymer (MSP) has been investigated as a novel EC material 2-11). MSPs have advantages such as the solution-based processability and the wide color variation, compared with the conventional EC materials. MSPs are synthesized by complexation of metal ion and multi-topic organic ligand. The 1:1 complexation of metal ion having six coordination sites (Fe, Co, Ru etc.) and ditopic ligand bearing two tridentate coordination moieties (e.g., bisterpyridines) results in the formation of linear MSPs (Fig. 1a). The polymer structure is controlled by changing the ligand. For example, twodimensional nanosheets with a honey-comb structure is obtained by the complexation of metal ion having six coordination sites and ditopic ligand bearing two BIDENTATE coordination moieties (e.g., bisbipyridines), because a metal can be complexed with three bidentate moieties (Fig. 1b) 12). Abstract Metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs) are a novel type of electrochromic (EC) materials. Ru(II)based MSP (polyRu) composed of Ru(II) and bis(terpyridyl)benzene showed reversible color changes between orange and pale green. The orange color was caused by the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption in polyRu and disappeared by the electrochemical oxidation of Ru(II) to Ru(III). The pale green was returned to the original orange by the electrochemical reduction of Ru(III) to Ru(II). EC devices with polyRu were fabricated by the combination of an electrolyte solution, counter material, and two ITO glasses. The character images were displayed on the EC devices using insulating films. The insulating films prevented the electron transfer between the ITO glass and the polyRu layer and made the image stand out in the device. The fabricated EC display devices were presented at a science museum of Japan as experience-based exhibits.
{"title":"[Paper] Designed Electrochromic Display Devices with Ru(II)-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer For Experience-Based Exhibits at Ehime Prefectural Science Museum","authors":"M. Higuchi, Y. Fujii, Yoji Hisamatsu","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.228","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochromism is electrochemical color changes in material and Tungsten oxide and viologens are the representative ones 1). The electrochromic (EC) materials are used as smart window or anti-glare mirror in airplanes, vehicles, and office. Recently, metallosupramolecular polymer (MSP) has been investigated as a novel EC material 2-11). MSPs have advantages such as the solution-based processability and the wide color variation, compared with the conventional EC materials. MSPs are synthesized by complexation of metal ion and multi-topic organic ligand. The 1:1 complexation of metal ion having six coordination sites (Fe, Co, Ru etc.) and ditopic ligand bearing two tridentate coordination moieties (e.g., bisterpyridines) results in the formation of linear MSPs (Fig. 1a). The polymer structure is controlled by changing the ligand. For example, twodimensional nanosheets with a honey-comb structure is obtained by the complexation of metal ion having six coordination sites and ditopic ligand bearing two BIDENTATE coordination moieties (e.g., bisbipyridines), because a metal can be complexed with three bidentate moieties (Fig. 1b) 12). Abstract Metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs) are a novel type of electrochromic (EC) materials. Ru(II)based MSP (polyRu) composed of Ru(II) and bis(terpyridyl)benzene showed reversible color changes between orange and pale green. The orange color was caused by the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption in polyRu and disappeared by the electrochemical oxidation of Ru(II) to Ru(III). The pale green was returned to the original orange by the electrochemical reduction of Ru(III) to Ru(II). EC devices with polyRu were fabricated by the combination of an electrolyte solution, counter material, and two ITO glasses. The character images were displayed on the EC devices using insulating films. The insulating films prevented the electron transfer between the ITO glass and the polyRu layer and made the image stand out in the device. The fabricated EC display devices were presented at a science museum of Japan as experience-based exhibits.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiwei Zhang, Xueting Wang, Yoshiaki Sakai, T. Yamasaki
{"title":"[Paper] Measuring Similarity between Brands using Social Media Content","authors":"Yiwei Zhang, Xueting Wang, Yoshiaki Sakai, T. Yamasaki","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69652991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural heritage objects are threatened with the destruction caused by decay or damage due to aging, unpredictable natural and man-made disaster such as fire, earthquake, and war. Deterioration or disappearance of any cultural or natural heritage constitutes a great loss to all nations of the world. Due to the precious nature of cultural heritage, it is necessary to choose a proper solution for their preservation and conservation. There are various methods nowadays that can record different information of cultural heritage, such as color, shape, spectral reflectance, etc. Such recording methods also refer to digital archiving which has been gathering increasing interests of researchers in the past few years1, 2). The motivation is to ensure that future generations could inherit and admire these amazing works. A variety of technologies have been applied to the preservation of cultural heritage. Photography is one of the leading techniques which provides a new frontier to the field of archiving. However, due to the limitation of the technique development in the old days, some of the archiving results cannot satisfy all the demands, especially in some exceptional scenarios. For an instance, Horyuji Kondo wall painting, which belongs to UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name Buddhist Monuments in the Horyuji Area, was photographed onto a one-to-one scale glass dry plate with multiband filters (Appearance color: Yellow, Red, Green, Blue) 85 years ago (1935) 3). These glass-based dry plates are the only documentation material that recorded the original appearance of the wall painting during that time, but the coating layer is now fragile and sensitive to storage conditions4). A calamitous fire that broke out later in 1949 which resulted in the severe damage to the wall paintings5). Fortunately, the color image of the wall painting can be reproduced using the glass dry plates by a traditional technique with the negative-positive process. However, this reproducing process that is known as collotype printing6), reproduces the color by a trained craftsman using the glass dry plates manually. The only evaluation criteria for the reproduction is the experience of the craftsman. This is very subjective. Area sensor-based imaging system is widely used in the digital archiving nowadays. This technique can accomplish the image acquisition work easily and efficiently. Such imaging system offers fairly uniform light distribution, relatively high resolution and relatively accurate color rendering7). However, if an area sensor-based imaging system and a linear sensor-based imaging system are compared under an identical imaging setup condition including the same theoretical imaging resolution, the light source, etc., it has some Abstract A method for color reproduction of old glass dry plates digitized by a linear sensor camera is proposed. A high-resolution scanner based on linear sensor camera was developed for digitizing glass plates, which is beneficial for h
{"title":"[Paper] Color Reproduction of Glass Dry Plate Scanned by a Linear Sensor Camera Using Filter Coefficient","authors":"Peng Wang, J. A. Toque, A. Ide-Ektessabi","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.287","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural heritage objects are threatened with the destruction caused by decay or damage due to aging, unpredictable natural and man-made disaster such as fire, earthquake, and war. Deterioration or disappearance of any cultural or natural heritage constitutes a great loss to all nations of the world. Due to the precious nature of cultural heritage, it is necessary to choose a proper solution for their preservation and conservation. There are various methods nowadays that can record different information of cultural heritage, such as color, shape, spectral reflectance, etc. Such recording methods also refer to digital archiving which has been gathering increasing interests of researchers in the past few years1, 2). The motivation is to ensure that future generations could inherit and admire these amazing works. A variety of technologies have been applied to the preservation of cultural heritage. Photography is one of the leading techniques which provides a new frontier to the field of archiving. However, due to the limitation of the technique development in the old days, some of the archiving results cannot satisfy all the demands, especially in some exceptional scenarios. For an instance, Horyuji Kondo wall painting, which belongs to UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name Buddhist Monuments in the Horyuji Area, was photographed onto a one-to-one scale glass dry plate with multiband filters (Appearance color: Yellow, Red, Green, Blue) 85 years ago (1935) 3). These glass-based dry plates are the only documentation material that recorded the original appearance of the wall painting during that time, but the coating layer is now fragile and sensitive to storage conditions4). A calamitous fire that broke out later in 1949 which resulted in the severe damage to the wall paintings5). Fortunately, the color image of the wall painting can be reproduced using the glass dry plates by a traditional technique with the negative-positive process. However, this reproducing process that is known as collotype printing6), reproduces the color by a trained craftsman using the glass dry plates manually. The only evaluation criteria for the reproduction is the experience of the craftsman. This is very subjective. Area sensor-based imaging system is widely used in the digital archiving nowadays. This technique can accomplish the image acquisition work easily and efficiently. Such imaging system offers fairly uniform light distribution, relatively high resolution and relatively accurate color rendering7). However, if an area sensor-based imaging system and a linear sensor-based imaging system are compared under an identical imaging setup condition including the same theoretical imaging resolution, the light source, etc., it has some Abstract A method for color reproduction of old glass dry plates digitized by a linear sensor camera is proposed. A high-resolution scanner based on linear sensor camera was developed for digitizing glass plates, which is beneficial for h","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Watanabe, Tomoaki Konno, Keisuke Nonaka, Kobayashi Tatsuya, Kato Haruhisa, M. Sugano
In this paper, we propose a quality improvement method of a real-time free viewpoint video (FVV) synthesis. Two functions, adaptive silhouette dilation and view-dependent shape refinement, are applied to obtain a 3D model with accurate shapes in the real-time FVV. The adaptive dilation reduces the missing part of a reconstructed 3D model caused by a camera calibration error. In addition, the excessively expanded part of a 3D model caused by the silhouette dilation is cor-rected by the view-dependent refinement algorithm on a screen rendering. A part of the model outlines becomes transparently displayed to refine the model shape by comparing the camera image used for texture mapping with a background model. In the experiments, the proposed method achieved the best quality compared with conventional real-time FVV methods. Furthermore, the processing was executed in real-time because the computation cost of the proposed functions was extremely small.
{"title":"[Paper] Quality Improvement for Real-time Free Viewpoint Video Using View-dependent Shape Refinement","authors":"R. Watanabe, Tomoaki Konno, Keisuke Nonaka, Kobayashi Tatsuya, Kato Haruhisa, M. Sugano","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.247","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a quality improvement method of a real-time free viewpoint video (FVV) synthesis. Two functions, adaptive silhouette dilation and view-dependent shape refinement, are applied to obtain a 3D model with accurate shapes in the real-time FVV. The adaptive dilation reduces the missing part of a reconstructed 3D model caused by a camera calibration error. In addition, the excessively expanded part of a 3D model caused by the silhouette dilation is cor-rected by the view-dependent refinement algorithm on a screen rendering. A part of the model outlines becomes transparently displayed to refine the model shape by comparing the camera image used for texture mapping with a background model. In the experiments, the proposed method achieved the best quality compared with conventional real-time FVV methods. Furthermore, the processing was executed in real-time because the computation cost of the proposed functions was extremely small.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Foreword] Welcome to the Special Section on ITE Awards Selection","authors":"T. Fujii","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toshinao Yuki, T. Nishikawa, Miho Sugimoto, Hitoshi Nakada, M. Koden
{"title":"[Paper] High Temperature Tolerant Barrier Films with Stacking Barrier Layers by Sputtering and ALD","authors":"Toshinao Yuki, T. Nishikawa, Miho Sugimoto, Hitoshi Nakada, M. Koden","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genichi Motomura, Y. Iwasaki, T. Kameyama, T. Torimoto, T. Uematsu, S. Kuwabata, T. Tsuzuki
{"title":"[Paper] Green Electroluminescence Generated by Band-edge Transition in Ag-In-Ga-S/GaSx Core/shell Quantum Dots","authors":"Genichi Motomura, Y. Iwasaki, T. Kameyama, T. Torimoto, T. Uematsu, S. Kuwabata, T. Tsuzuki","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose an adaptive exposure-time-control method for image sensors, which can control the exposure time for each pixel to reconstruct a high-dynamic-range image, while suppressing blown-out highlights and blocked-up shadows, according to the luminance and contrast of the scene. First, the proposed method determines the exposure time that maximizes the entropy of the entire image, as an image with high entropy contains more object details. In order to estimate the exposure time appropriate for the light and dark areas in the scene, the proposed method divides the image into blocks and estimates the exposure time that maximizes the entropy for each block. Because the proposed method captures and estimates several exposure times simultaneously, the time required for adjusting the exposure time is reduced. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"[Paper] Adaptive Exposure-time Control Based on Image Entropy for Multiple-exposure-time Image Sensor","authors":"Kurumi Kataoka, Yusuke Kameda, T. Hamamoto","doi":"10.3169/MTA.9.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/MTA.9.128","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an adaptive exposure-time-control method for image sensors, which can control the exposure time for each pixel to reconstruct a high-dynamic-range image, while suppressing blown-out highlights and blocked-up shadows, according to the luminance and contrast of the scene. First, the proposed method determines the exposure time that maximizes the entropy of the entire image, as an image with high entropy contains more object details. In order to estimate the exposure time appropriate for the light and dark areas in the scene, the proposed method divides the image into blocks and estimates the exposure time that maximizes the entropy for each block. Because the proposed method captures and estimates several exposure times simultaneously, the time required for adjusting the exposure time is reduced. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69652421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We are developing an advanced Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) system for the next generation of digital terrestrial television broadcasting. The advanced ISDB-T provides 4K8K terrestrial broadcasting service for fixed reception and 2K service for mobile reception simultaneously within one channel. New technologies such as Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code are used for expanding the transmission capacity and for improving the spectral efficiency. The LDPC codes designed for the advanced ISDB-T have two code lengths and 13 code rates for each code length. The code length and code rate can be selected in consideration of the transmission latency requirement or the link budget. Meanwhile, although the LDPC codes have good bit error rate (BER) performance approaching the Shannon limit, a small number of error bits cause an error floor even if the Es/N0 is high enough. The error floor may cause serious issues such as block noise in video and mute in audio because broadcasting is a real-time service without any feedback. To deal with this problem, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code is concatenated as outer code to the LDPC codes as inner codes. We conducted a simulation using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) instead of a computer to evaluate the BER performance. An FGPA simulation is 1000 times faster than a computer simulation, so the BER performance can be evaluated quickly with an adequate number of measurement bits. As a result, it was confirmed that LDPC codes perform as designed both in the water-fall and error-floor regions and that the BCH codes correct the small number of error bits after the LDPC
{"title":"[Paper] FPGA-based Performance Evaluation of FEC Codes for an Advanced ISDB-T","authors":"Shingo Asakura, Tomoaki Takeuchi, Kohei Kambara, Masahiro Okano","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.180","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing an advanced Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) system for the next generation of digital terrestrial television broadcasting. The advanced ISDB-T provides 4K8K terrestrial broadcasting service for fixed reception and 2K service for mobile reception simultaneously within one channel. New technologies such as Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code are used for expanding the transmission capacity and for improving the spectral efficiency. The LDPC codes designed for the advanced ISDB-T have two code lengths and 13 code rates for each code length. The code length and code rate can be selected in consideration of the transmission latency requirement or the link budget. Meanwhile, although the LDPC codes have good bit error rate (BER) performance approaching the Shannon limit, a small number of error bits cause an error floor even if the Es/N0 is high enough. The error floor may cause serious issues such as block noise in video and mute in audio because broadcasting is a real-time service without any feedback. To deal with this problem, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code is concatenated as outer code to the LDPC codes as inner codes. We conducted a simulation using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) instead of a computer to evaluate the BER performance. An FGPA simulation is 1000 times faster than a computer simulation, so the BER performance can be evaluated quickly with an adequate number of measurement bits. As a result, it was confirmed that LDPC codes perform as designed both in the water-fall and error-floor regions and that the BCH codes correct the small number of error bits after the LDPC","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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