Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162722
Y. Yang, Tim Brian Littler, S. Sezer, K. Mclaughlin, H. F. Wang
Greater complexity and interconnectivity across systems embracing Smart Grid technologies has meant that cyber-security issues have attracted significant attention. This paper describes pertinent cyber-security requirements, in particular cyber attacks and countermeasures which are critical for reliable Smart Grid operation. Relevant published literature is presented for critical aspects of Smart Grid cyber-security, such as vulnerability, interdependency, simulation, and standards. Furthermore, a preliminary study case is given which demonstrates the impact of a cyber attack which violates the integrity of data on the load management of real power system. Finally, the paper proposes future work plan which focuses on applying intrusion detection and prevention technology to address cyber-security issues. This paper also provides an overview of Smart Grid cyber-security with reference to related cross-disciplinary research topics.
{"title":"Impact of cyber-security issues on Smart Grid","authors":"Y. Yang, Tim Brian Littler, S. Sezer, K. Mclaughlin, H. F. Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162722","url":null,"abstract":"Greater complexity and interconnectivity across systems embracing Smart Grid technologies has meant that cyber-security issues have attracted significant attention. This paper describes pertinent cyber-security requirements, in particular cyber attacks and countermeasures which are critical for reliable Smart Grid operation. Relevant published literature is presented for critical aspects of Smart Grid cyber-security, such as vulnerability, interdependency, simulation, and standards. Furthermore, a preliminary study case is given which demonstrates the impact of a cyber attack which violates the integrity of data on the load management of real power system. Finally, the paper proposes future work plan which focuses on applying intrusion detection and prevention technology to address cyber-security issues. This paper also provides an overview of Smart Grid cyber-security with reference to related cross-disciplinary research topics.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127629517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162841
S. Karnouskos
The emerging smart grid is a complex system of systems that will heavily depend on information and communication technologies for monitoring and control. As it aims at integrating multiple stakeholders including the end-users, there is evident the need for automating these mass interactions. Agents pose an interesting approach that could empower several aspects of the evolving infrastructure. Applications areas include modelling and simulation, end-user mediation, asset management etc. Especially in dealing with non-deterministic behaviour and empowering automation and negotiation will be valuable in strengthening the cooperation and service-driven interaction of smart grid stakeholders.
{"title":"Agent-based mediated control in smart grids","authors":"S. Karnouskos","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162841","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging smart grid is a complex system of systems that will heavily depend on information and communication technologies for monitoring and control. As it aims at integrating multiple stakeholders including the end-users, there is evident the need for automating these mass interactions. Agents pose an interesting approach that could empower several aspects of the evolving infrastructure. Applications areas include modelling and simulation, end-user mediation, asset management etc. Especially in dealing with non-deterministic behaviour and empowering automation and negotiation will be valuable in strengthening the cooperation and service-driven interaction of smart grid stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131153457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162632
Vladimir Zdornov, Y. Birk
This paper addresses the challenge of managing battery switching and charging in fleets of switchable battery electric vehicles (SBEVs). The goal of efficient management is to optimize resource utilization by the fleet, and thus the operational costs, under restricted power supply during operation hours. The resources include spare batteries, battery switching mechanisms, sophisticated infrastructure, as well as the availaibility of the charging power from the grid. We analyze performance limiting factors and formulate heuristic algorithms to tackle them. Furthermore, we evaluate the algorithms in simulations based on a synthetic travel schedule and energy demand model. The collected results expose interesting trade-offs between different resources that should be taken into account when designing the fleet's depot.
{"title":"Battery and energy management in fleets of switchable battery EVs","authors":"Vladimir Zdornov, Y. Birk","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162632","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the challenge of managing battery switching and charging in fleets of switchable battery electric vehicles (SBEVs). The goal of efficient management is to optimize resource utilization by the fleet, and thus the operational costs, under restricted power supply during operation hours. The resources include spare batteries, battery switching mechanisms, sophisticated infrastructure, as well as the availaibility of the charging power from the grid. We analyze performance limiting factors and formulate heuristic algorithms to tackle them. Furthermore, we evaluate the algorithms in simulations based on a synthetic travel schedule and energy demand model. The collected results expose interesting trade-offs between different resources that should be taken into account when designing the fleet's depot.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132261870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162708
S. Jahdi, L. Lai
Usages of Renewable Energy resources is increasing in different sections of energy consumption in the world. An unfortunate forecast for use of fossil-fuel sources has provide huge amount of uncertainty and concerns about the future of energy consumption and future resources for feeding the systems and hence it has been resulted in increase in use of replacement sources of energy most importantly the renewable sector including wind and solar systems. These sources are important due to not only non-dependence of them on fossil sources, but also due to significant reduction they can achieve in generation of CO2 and other greenhouse gases.
{"title":"DG islanding operation detection methods in combination of harmonics protection schemes","authors":"S. Jahdi, L. Lai","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162708","url":null,"abstract":"Usages of Renewable Energy resources is increasing in different sections of energy consumption in the world. An unfortunate forecast for use of fossil-fuel sources has provide huge amount of uncertainty and concerns about the future of energy consumption and future resources for feeding the systems and hence it has been resulted in increase in use of replacement sources of energy most importantly the renewable sector including wind and solar systems. These sources are important due to not only non-dependence of them on fossil sources, but also due to significant reduction they can achieve in generation of CO2 and other greenhouse gases.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132273415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162625
V. Thornley, S. Mullins
The paper presents a new sustainable building for London, “The Crystal”, which is designed to be smartgrid-ready. The design includes features such as variable tariffs, wind twinning, demand response, electric vehicle charging and battery storage which enable the building to provide support for active network management. The paper describes the design aims for the building, including its environmental targets, and the uses to which it will be put. It then describes in detail the features and control strategies which are used to deliver the smartgrid benefits and support its BREEAM and LEED ratings.
{"title":"Sustainable building, smartgrid-ready","authors":"V. Thornley, S. Mullins","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162625","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new sustainable building for London, “The Crystal”, which is designed to be smartgrid-ready. The design includes features such as variable tariffs, wind twinning, demand response, electric vehicle charging and battery storage which enable the building to provide support for active network management. The paper describes the design aims for the building, including its environmental targets, and the uses to which it will be put. It then describes in detail the features and control strategies which are used to deliver the smartgrid benefits and support its BREEAM and LEED ratings.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115210106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162807
J. Rossebø, P. Stoll, G. Bag, Larisa Rizvanovic, Mikael Åkerholm
The increased focus on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved in part by interactively integrating residential electricity production from renewable resources while giving customers incentives to shift and reduce electricity consumption during times of production with high CO2 emissions. In this paper we present the Active House deployment architecture in the smart grid, which has been designed based on open standards. Instrumental to the design of the deployment architecture are the Royal Seaport Smart Grid sustainability and environmental requirements; the impact of these requirements on the Active House deployment architecture is discussed. We discuss the standards of relevance for the Active House project including information on ongoing standards work. We demonstrate the proof-of-concept of the applicability of the architectural solution by referring to the results of an industrial demonstrator that was exhibited at the ELFACK congress in May, 2011.
{"title":"Designing an Active House deployment architecture for residential electricity customers' active interaction with the smart grid","authors":"J. Rossebø, P. Stoll, G. Bag, Larisa Rizvanovic, Mikael Åkerholm","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162807","url":null,"abstract":"The increased focus on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved in part by interactively integrating residential electricity production from renewable resources while giving customers incentives to shift and reduce electricity consumption during times of production with high CO2 emissions. In this paper we present the Active House deployment architecture in the smart grid, which has been designed based on open standards. Instrumental to the design of the deployment architecture are the Royal Seaport Smart Grid sustainability and environmental requirements; the impact of these requirements on the Active House deployment architecture is discussed. We discuss the standards of relevance for the Active House project including information on ongoing standards work. We demonstrate the proof-of-concept of the applicability of the architectural solution by referring to the results of an industrial demonstrator that was exhibited at the ELFACK congress in May, 2011.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115692290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162612
D. Stimoniaris, D. Tsiamitros, N. Poulakis, T. Kottas, V. Kikis, E. Dialynas
In order to make smart grid feasible, the respective (a) topology and (b) control infrastructure should be determined first for the low level of the grid, i.e. microgrids or even smaller grids like a residential in-house grid, and be expandable in a larger scale. Additionally, the experimental investigation of properly designed interconnected microgrids could simulate the behavior of the whole distribution grid and thus facilitate in the transition from the traditional to the smart electric grid. Two smart grid topologies are presented in this paper. The respective infrastructure for two small-scale microgrids, one for each topology, is presented. A first comparison between the two topologies is outlined and verified by the experimental investigation of the respective microgrids.
{"title":"Investigation of smart grid topologies using pilot installations experimental results","authors":"D. Stimoniaris, D. Tsiamitros, N. Poulakis, T. Kottas, V. Kikis, E. Dialynas","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162612","url":null,"abstract":"In order to make smart grid feasible, the respective (a) topology and (b) control infrastructure should be determined first for the low level of the grid, i.e. microgrids or even smaller grids like a residential in-house grid, and be expandable in a larger scale. Additionally, the experimental investigation of properly designed interconnected microgrids could simulate the behavior of the whole distribution grid and thus facilitate in the transition from the traditional to the smart electric grid. Two smart grid topologies are presented in this paper. The respective infrastructure for two small-scale microgrids, one for each topology, is presented. A first comparison between the two topologies is outlined and verified by the experimental investigation of the respective microgrids.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124240670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162648
F. Marra, Dario Sacchetti, C. Træholt, E. Larsen
Several European projects on smart grids are considering Electric Vehicles (EVs) as active element in future power systems. Both battery-powered vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles are expected to interact with the grid, sharing their energy storage capacity. Different coordination concepts for EVs are being investigated, in which vehicles can be intelligently charged or discharged feeding power back to the grid in vehicle-to-grid mode (V2G). To respond to such needs, EVs are required to share their battery internal data as well as respond to external control signals. In this paper, the requirements for the interaction of EVs with the electrical grid are presented. The defined requirements have been implemented on an EV test bed, realized by using real EV components. Charging/V2G tests on the EV test bed have shown that the presented requirements are sufficient to ensure an intelligent coordination of EVs into the electricity grid.
{"title":"Electric vehicle requirements for operation in smart grids","authors":"F. Marra, Dario Sacchetti, C. Træholt, E. Larsen","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162648","url":null,"abstract":"Several European projects on smart grids are considering Electric Vehicles (EVs) as active element in future power systems. Both battery-powered vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles are expected to interact with the grid, sharing their energy storage capacity. Different coordination concepts for EVs are being investigated, in which vehicles can be intelligently charged or discharged feeding power back to the grid in vehicle-to-grid mode (V2G). To respond to such needs, EVs are required to share their battery internal data as well as respond to external control signals. In this paper, the requirements for the interaction of EVs with the electrical grid are presented. The defined requirements have been implemented on an EV test bed, realized by using real EV components. Charging/V2G tests on the EV test bed have shown that the presented requirements are sufficient to ensure an intelligent coordination of EVs into the electricity grid.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124363418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162745
J. Kumar, A. Jayantilal
The electric utility industry is investing significantly in multiple Distributed Energy Resources (DER) technologies including renewable, distributed generation, smart metering infrastructure, home energy smart devices and automation systems. Such investments are expected to encourage active engagement of end customers and distributed resources resulting into overall cost savings and greener environment. This fast voluminous growth of DER assets at different voltage levels on the electric distribution grid poses unique challenges and opportunities to grid operations. This paper describes a new paradigm for developing DER market models for advanced distribution grid operations enabled through a new generation of information and communications technology. Such models and associated algorithms illustrate the possibility of various novel approaches for significant incremental value additions to the DER asset investment. The paper concludes with the issues, risks and challenges in the proposed market model implementation.
{"title":"Models of Distributed Energy Resources markets in distribution grid operations","authors":"J. Kumar, A. Jayantilal","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162745","url":null,"abstract":"The electric utility industry is investing significantly in multiple Distributed Energy Resources (DER) technologies including renewable, distributed generation, smart metering infrastructure, home energy smart devices and automation systems. Such investments are expected to encourage active engagement of end customers and distributed resources resulting into overall cost savings and greener environment. This fast voluminous growth of DER assets at different voltage levels on the electric distribution grid poses unique challenges and opportunities to grid operations. This paper describes a new paradigm for developing DER market models for advanced distribution grid operations enabled through a new generation of information and communications technology. Such models and associated algorithms illustrate the possibility of various novel approaches for significant incremental value additions to the DER asset investment. The paper concludes with the issues, risks and challenges in the proposed market model implementation.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114452119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162669
S. Repo, D. D. Giustina, G. Ravera, L. Cremaschini, S. Zanini, J. Selga, P. Järventausta
Real-time low voltage network management is becoming possible thanks to massive smart meter rollouts, integration of them to distribution network management systems and utilization of distributed energy resources in distribution network management. Nowadays low voltage network management is emerging by integrating automatic meter infrastructure to centralized systems like SCADA/DMS. European project INTEGRIS is proposing a distributed approach based on hybrid and meshed communication. The paper is focused on low voltage network management use cases developed within the context of INTEGRIS and their ICT requirements to test the level of performance provided by the ICT architecture developed in the mentioned project.
{"title":"Use case analysis of real-time low voltage network management","authors":"S. Repo, D. D. Giustina, G. Ravera, L. Cremaschini, S. Zanini, J. Selga, P. Järventausta","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162669","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time low voltage network management is becoming possible thanks to massive smart meter rollouts, integration of them to distribution network management systems and utilization of distributed energy resources in distribution network management. Nowadays low voltage network management is emerging by integrating automatic meter infrastructure to centralized systems like SCADA/DMS. European project INTEGRIS is proposing a distributed approach based on hybrid and meshed communication. The paper is focused on low voltage network management use cases developed within the context of INTEGRIS and their ICT requirements to test the level of performance provided by the ICT architecture developed in the mentioned project.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114729416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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