Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162842
J. Vanzetta, C. Schneiders
During the past couple of years, the complexity of transmission system operation has increased significantly. Along with the liberalization of the electricity markets a broad range of new, varying tasks have arisen and with this a significant increase of interfaces which the operators in control centres have to cope with. Furthermore the substantial growth of volatile wind and PV energy sources and large-scale energy trades across wide-areas lead to frequently changing load flow situations. As a consequence of these huge load flows, the power system is more frequently operated ever closer to its security limits. This situation is further aggravated by recent developments as the so called Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Moratorium in Germany came in effect as a reaction to the Japanese disaster in Fukushima. The following paper will provide an overview of the current challenges facing Amprion, one of the four Transmission System Operator (TSO) in Germany, and will present examples of solution approaches.
{"title":"Current and imminent challenges for the transmission system operator in Germany","authors":"J. Vanzetta, C. Schneiders","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162842","url":null,"abstract":"During the past couple of years, the complexity of transmission system operation has increased significantly. Along with the liberalization of the electricity markets a broad range of new, varying tasks have arisen and with this a significant increase of interfaces which the operators in control centres have to cope with. Furthermore the substantial growth of volatile wind and PV energy sources and large-scale energy trades across wide-areas lead to frequently changing load flow situations. As a consequence of these huge load flows, the power system is more frequently operated ever closer to its security limits. This situation is further aggravated by recent developments as the so called Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Moratorium in Germany came in effect as a reaction to the Japanese disaster in Fukushima. The following paper will provide an overview of the current challenges facing Amprion, one of the four Transmission System Operator (TSO) in Germany, and will present examples of solution approaches.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116899616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162820
Slobodan Matic, Ilge Akkaya, Michael Zimmer, J. Eidson, Edward A. Lee
PTIDES, a programming model for distributed real-time systems, was proposed previously. The model captures both the functionality of the system and the desired timing of interactions with the environment. The PTIDES simulator supports simulation of both of these aspects. In this work, we focus on the PTIDES development environment in the context of applications drawn from the control of electric power systems. The evaluation is based on experiments on a system of distributed computing platforms emulating typical power system control and monitoring devices and an emulation of portions of the electric power grid based on conventional micro-controller instrumentation.
{"title":"PTIDES model on a distributed testbed emulating smart grid real-time applications","authors":"Slobodan Matic, Ilge Akkaya, Michael Zimmer, J. Eidson, Edward A. Lee","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162820","url":null,"abstract":"PTIDES, a programming model for distributed real-time systems, was proposed previously. The model captures both the functionality of the system and the desired timing of interactions with the environment. The PTIDES simulator supports simulation of both of these aspects. In this work, we focus on the PTIDES development environment in the context of applications drawn from the control of electric power systems. The evaluation is based on experiments on a system of distributed computing platforms emulating typical power system control and monitoring devices and an emulation of portions of the electric power grid based on conventional micro-controller instrumentation.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123664026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162687
J. Quirós-Tortós, G. Valverde, L. Ding, V. Terzija
This paper proposes a new method for optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) across the weak areas of the power system to monitor the status of the boundary buses during Parallel Power System Restoration (PPSR). The proposed PMU placement method is based on an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) methodology. For validation purposes, the proposed method is implemented across the weak areas of the following two test systems: New England 39-bus test system and IEEE 118-bus test system.
{"title":"Optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units to Improve Parallel Power System Restoration","authors":"J. Quirós-Tortós, G. Valverde, L. Ding, V. Terzija","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162687","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new method for optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) across the weak areas of the power system to monitor the status of the boundary buses during Parallel Power System Restoration (PPSR). The proposed PMU placement method is based on an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) methodology. For validation purposes, the proposed method is implemented across the weak areas of the following two test systems: New England 39-bus test system and IEEE 118-bus test system.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117091954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162664
D. Laverty, D. Morrow, R. Best, M. Cregan
This paper presents a method of improving anti-islanding detection for distributed generation by application of a wide-area measurement system. Present anti-islanding solutions were developed when installed capacity of distributed generation was low. Issues such as nuisance tripping, cascade tripping and poor anti-islanding detection sensitivity common with present solutions could be justified since distributed generation did not represent a substantial in-feed to the national grid. Today, the installed capacity of distributed generation constitutes a significant proportion of system demand. Consequently the problems with present anti-islanding solutions require a solution. This paper will describe in detail how the proposed system achieves this in an intuitive and cost effective manner and has the potential to be a component of a Smart Grid. A wide area measurement system based on Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) technology provides distributed generators with live, real-time, data from secure points on the national grid. This data is communicated via a robust, secure, Internet Protocol (IPv6) telecommunications network.
{"title":"Anti-islanding detection using Synchrophasors and Internet Protocol telecommunications","authors":"D. Laverty, D. Morrow, R. Best, M. Cregan","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162664","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method of improving anti-islanding detection for distributed generation by application of a wide-area measurement system. Present anti-islanding solutions were developed when installed capacity of distributed generation was low. Issues such as nuisance tripping, cascade tripping and poor anti-islanding detection sensitivity common with present solutions could be justified since distributed generation did not represent a substantial in-feed to the national grid. Today, the installed capacity of distributed generation constitutes a significant proportion of system demand. Consequently the problems with present anti-islanding solutions require a solution. This paper will describe in detail how the proposed system achieves this in an intuitive and cost effective manner and has the potential to be a component of a Smart Grid. A wide area measurement system based on Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) technology provides distributed generators with live, real-time, data from secure points on the national grid. This data is communicated via a robust, secure, Internet Protocol (IPv6) telecommunications network.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127128244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162759
I. Gu, M. Bollen, Cuong D. Le
This paper proposes a novel framework for an intelligent monitoring system that supervises the performance of the future power system. The increased complexity of the power system could endanger the reliability, voltage quality, operational security or resilience of the power system. A distributed structure for such a monitoring system is described and some of the advanced signal processing techniques or tools that could be used in such a monitoring system are given. Several examples for seeking the spatial locations and finding the underlying causes of disturbances are included.
{"title":"Signal processing and classification tools for intelligent distributed monitoring and analysis of the smart grid","authors":"I. Gu, M. Bollen, Cuong D. Le","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162759","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel framework for an intelligent monitoring system that supervises the performance of the future power system. The increased complexity of the power system could endanger the reliability, voltage quality, operational security or resilience of the power system. A distributed structure for such a monitoring system is described and some of the advanced signal processing techniques or tools that could be used in such a monitoring system are given. Several examples for seeking the spatial locations and finding the underlying causes of disturbances are included.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127479194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162635
M. Blank, S. Gerwinn, O. Krause, S. Lehnhoff
Future Smart Grids emphasize the (at least) partial coordination of a large number of stochastic consumers and producers to balance consumption and generation of electrical energy. However, this coordinated and often time-synchronous activation and deactivation of demand and supply may result in the violation of the grid's feasibility constraints, since it may increase statistical simultaneity above the level assumed in the initial design of such networks. The detection and avoidance of such operational infeasibilities is essential for secure grid operations. In order to handle the complexity of the optimization problem at hand, autonomous software agents will play a vital role in future power management systems. The system's complexity is reduced down to several less complex sub-problems, which may then be solved in parallel, based on locally available information. In this paper we present ongoing work on the development of autonomous grid management under stability constraints imposed by the power grid.
{"title":"Support vector machines for an efficient representation of voltage band constraints","authors":"M. Blank, S. Gerwinn, O. Krause, S. Lehnhoff","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162635","url":null,"abstract":"Future Smart Grids emphasize the (at least) partial coordination of a large number of stochastic consumers and producers to balance consumption and generation of electrical energy. However, this coordinated and often time-synchronous activation and deactivation of demand and supply may result in the violation of the grid's feasibility constraints, since it may increase statistical simultaneity above the level assumed in the initial design of such networks. The detection and avoidance of such operational infeasibilities is essential for secure grid operations. In order to handle the complexity of the optimization problem at hand, autonomous software agents will play a vital role in future power management systems. The system's complexity is reduced down to several less complex sub-problems, which may then be solved in parallel, based on locally available information. In this paper we present ongoing work on the development of autonomous grid management under stability constraints imposed by the power grid.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122370755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162719
H. Zhang, Jinghan He, T. Yip, Z. Bo
Transformer is one of the most important elements in power system, and current differential protection has been the main protection technique for transformer unit. This protection technique, however, suffers a low sensitivity or reliability due to the problems such as CT saturation and transformer magnetizing inrush. Based on digital substation system, studies have found that the fault generated electric quantities can not only be used by the relay to achieve the line protection but also used for developing transformer protection techniques. The protection system can accelerate trip time if fault happen. The results from simulation test show that the new method is with simple principle and good reliability.
{"title":"Accelerate protection scheme in integrated protection system","authors":"H. Zhang, Jinghan He, T. Yip, Z. Bo","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162719","url":null,"abstract":"Transformer is one of the most important elements in power system, and current differential protection has been the main protection technique for transformer unit. This protection technique, however, suffers a low sensitivity or reliability due to the problems such as CT saturation and transformer magnetizing inrush. Based on digital substation system, studies have found that the fault generated electric quantities can not only be used by the relay to achieve the line protection but also used for developing transformer protection techniques. The protection system can accelerate trip time if fault happen. The results from simulation test show that the new method is with simple principle and good reliability.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128847356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162666
M. Baradar, M. Ghandhari, D. Hertem
In this paper, a new unified method for power flow calculation in AC grids with embedded multi-terminal HVDC systems based on voltage source converter is proposed. In this method all DC and AC equations are solved simultaneously in the same iteration while there is no need to rely on results obtained from other iterative loops unlike the other methods. The method can be applied for any number of converters, any DC network configuration and any converter loss model. The algorithm is implemented in MATLAB and to validate the results, they are compared to results obtained from the simulation software SIMPOW.
{"title":"The modeling multi-terminal VSC-HVDC in power flow calculation using unified methodology","authors":"M. Baradar, M. Ghandhari, D. Hertem","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162666","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new unified method for power flow calculation in AC grids with embedded multi-terminal HVDC systems based on voltage source converter is proposed. In this method all DC and AC equations are solved simultaneously in the same iteration while there is no need to rely on results obtained from other iterative loops unlike the other methods. The method can be applied for any number of converters, any DC network configuration and any converter loss model. The algorithm is implemented in MATLAB and to validate the results, they are compared to results obtained from the simulation software SIMPOW.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123328069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162754
H. Cai, W. Du, Haifeng F. Wang, H. Li
The paper applies the method of the artificial fish swarm algorithm for the coordinated design of the PSSs in a real large-scale power system, in order to increase the damping of power system oscillations. The AFSA method is briefly introduced in the paper firstly. Then the optimized parameters of the PSSs are obtained by solving the objective optimization problem by using the AFSA method. Finally, an example, which is a real large-scale power system, is presented to demonstrate that the optimized PSSs yield a much better performance in comparison with the original settings of PSSs. The optimized PSSs are much effective to damp the power system oscillations and enhance the power system small-signal stability.
{"title":"Applying the artificial fish swarm algorithm for the co-ordinated design of PSSs in a real large-scale power system","authors":"H. Cai, W. Du, Haifeng F. Wang, H. Li","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162754","url":null,"abstract":"The paper applies the method of the artificial fish swarm algorithm for the coordinated design of the PSSs in a real large-scale power system, in order to increase the damping of power system oscillations. The AFSA method is briefly introduced in the paper firstly. Then the optimized parameters of the PSSs are obtained by solving the objective optimization problem by using the AFSA method. Finally, an example, which is a real large-scale power system, is presented to demonstrate that the optimized PSSs yield a much better performance in comparison with the original settings of PSSs. The optimized PSSs are much effective to damp the power system oscillations and enhance the power system small-signal stability.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126477268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162633
A. Ortiz, T. Ostrem, W. Sulkowski
This paper shows an application of a Back to Back (BtB) converter interfacing a microgrid. The idea is to take advantage of the DC link part of the BtB converter to tap power to feed a remote area through DC cables. General aspects of DC transmission in power systems are properly scaled down to use at distribution levels. Thus voltage and frequency are fixed by power converters interfacing the microgrid and the tap. By using the DC link, aspects like decoupling AC sides and independent control of active and reactive power are shown and highlighted. Although 2km does not represent a long distance for high voltage systems, it is for distribution systems, being actually not possible to do it adequately by conventional AC cables or overhead lines. The performance of the proposal has been verified in simulations. Some constraints in the system involving DC voltage, load and cable length are covered in this work, as well.
{"title":"Tapping power from a microgrid based on a BtB converter","authors":"A. Ortiz, T. Ostrem, W. Sulkowski","doi":"10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162633","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows an application of a Back to Back (BtB) converter interfacing a microgrid. The idea is to take advantage of the DC link part of the BtB converter to tap power to feed a remote area through DC cables. General aspects of DC transmission in power systems are properly scaled down to use at distribution levels. Thus voltage and frequency are fixed by power converters interfacing the microgrid and the tap. By using the DC link, aspects like decoupling AC sides and independent control of active and reactive power are shown and highlighted. Although 2km does not represent a long distance for high voltage systems, it is for distribution systems, being actually not possible to do it adequately by conventional AC cables or overhead lines. The performance of the proposal has been verified in simulations. Some constraints in the system involving DC voltage, load and cable length are covered in this work, as well.","PeriodicalId":419250,"journal":{"name":"2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122865210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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