Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1553/archaeologia103s137
Thomas Koch Waldner
The Merovingian period cemetery of Uberackern is assigned to the 7th and early 8th centuries AD based on documented archaeological material. The four seaxes from the cemetery were selected for typological and technological investigations as part of investigations on early medieval weapons from Upper Austria. Three of the four weapons from Uberackern are long seaxes, which occur in the last third of the 7th century and represent the typical seax form of the 8th century. The oldest exemplar belongs to the group of the light broad seaxes and dates back to the first half of the 7th century. The results of the metallographic analysis show that the four seaxes from Uberackern have clear technological parallels. In both, the light broad seax and the three long seaxes, cutting material made of hard steel was welded to back material made of soft but more resilient iron. This method was found in seven of the nine examined seaxes from Upper Austria. Another process that can be regarded as the technological standard of the 7th and 8th centuries is the hardening of blades by heating them to red or white heat and quenching them in water or special liquids. This technique has been found in all seax blades from Upper Austria investigated so far. In this article, two qualitative groups were identified for the first time. A comparison of the hardness values and microstructure patterns shows that four of the nine seax blades investigated – two of them from Uberackern – were successfully hardened, while five specimens had only slightly increased hardness values. In summary, it can be said that the seaxes from Uberackern were suitable for combat use and met the technological standards of their time. It is important to point out that two of the long seaxes from this cemetery were of high quality.
{"title":"Typologische und technologische Untersuchungen der Saxe aus Überackern, Oberösterreich","authors":"Thomas Koch Waldner","doi":"10.1553/archaeologia103s137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/archaeologia103s137","url":null,"abstract":"The Merovingian period cemetery of Uberackern is assigned to the 7th and early 8th centuries AD based on documented archaeological material. The four seaxes from the cemetery were selected for typological and technological investigations as part of investigations on early medieval weapons from Upper Austria. Three of the four weapons from Uberackern are long seaxes, which occur in the last third of the 7th century and represent the typical seax form of the 8th century. The oldest exemplar belongs to the group of the light broad seaxes and dates back to the first half of the 7th century. The results of the metallographic analysis show that the four seaxes from Uberackern have clear technological parallels. In both, the light broad seax and the three long seaxes, cutting material made of hard steel was welded to back material made of soft but more resilient iron. This method was found in seven of the nine examined seaxes from Upper Austria. Another process that can be regarded as the technological standard of the 7th and 8th centuries is the hardening of blades by heating them to red or white heat and quenching them in water or special liquids. This technique has been found in all seax blades from Upper Austria investigated so far. In this article, two qualitative groups were identified for the first time. A comparison of the hardness values and microstructure patterns shows that four of the nine seax blades investigated – two of them from Uberackern – were successfully hardened, while five specimens had only slightly increased hardness values. In summary, it can be said that the seaxes from Uberackern were suitable for combat use and met the technological standards of their time. It is important to point out that two of the long seaxes from this cemetery were of high quality.","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67350398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1553/archaeologia103s99
Hans Reschreiter, Kerstin Kowarik
The first evidence for underground salt mining in Hallstatt dates to the Bronze Age. In its dimensions, the Bronze Age mining phase rivals the later and better known Iron Age mining. Although both mining communities were confronted with the same challenges, the mining technology and structure, as well as resource management, differ greatly. Bronze Age salt mining was characterised by the use of large shafts, which could reach enormous proportions. The extraction and transport of salt from the mines were aided by uniquely customised techniques. These special developments were used exclusively in Hallstatt – there have been no observations of technology transfers with contemporaneous copper mining communities or other groups. In order to enable an overview of the manifold aspects of Bronze Age salt production, an annotated picture of everyday life in that epoch was created.
{"title":"Der bronzezeitliche Bergbau in Hallstatt. Neue Lebensbilder zum Salzbergwerk","authors":"Hans Reschreiter, Kerstin Kowarik","doi":"10.1553/archaeologia103s99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/archaeologia103s99","url":null,"abstract":"The first evidence for underground salt mining in Hallstatt dates to the Bronze Age. In its dimensions, the Bronze Age mining phase rivals the later and better known Iron Age mining. Although both mining communities were confronted with the same challenges, the mining technology and structure, as well as resource management, differ greatly. Bronze Age salt mining was characterised by the use of large shafts, which could reach enormous proportions. The extraction and transport of salt from the mines were aided by uniquely customised techniques. These special developments were used exclusively in Hallstatt – there have been no observations of technology transfers with contemporaneous copper mining communities or other groups. In order to enable an overview of the manifold aspects of Bronze Age salt production, an annotated picture of everyday life in that epoch was created.","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67350491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Horejs, Aleksandar Bulatović, Jelena Bulatović, M. Brandl, Clare Burke, D. Filipović, Bogdana Milić
This article discusses recent findings from the newly identified archaeological site of Svinjaricka Cuka, situated next to the Southern Morava River in southern Serbia. We will present the latest results from the excavation, material studies, bioarchaeological analyses and contextualised radiocarbon data, focusing on the Starcevo Neolithic horizon within the context of the new NEOTECH project. The interdisciplinary approach aims to shed light on the Neolithisation process of the region along one of the main communication routes between the Aegean and the Danube by the Axios-Vardar-Morava river system. The work so far has uncovered remains of Early to Middle Neolithic features dating around 5600 calBC, with analyses of faunal remains, ceramics and lithics contributing new insights into animal exploitation, raw materials and technological practices during this important time of socio-economic transition.
{"title":"Neue Einblicke in die entwickelte Phase der Neolithisierung auf dem Zentralbalkan. Erste Ausgrabungen in Svinjarička Čuka 2018","authors":"B. Horejs, Aleksandar Bulatović, Jelena Bulatović, M. Brandl, Clare Burke, D. Filipović, Bogdana Milić","doi":"10.1553/0x003b1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/0x003b1247","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses recent findings from the newly identified archaeological site of Svinjaricka Cuka, situated next to the Southern Morava River in southern Serbia. We will present the latest results from the excavation, material studies, bioarchaeological analyses and contextualised radiocarbon data, focusing on the Starcevo Neolithic horizon within the context of the new NEOTECH project. The interdisciplinary approach aims to shed light on the Neolithisation process of the region along one of the main communication routes between the Aegean and the Danube by the Axios-Vardar-Morava river system. The work so far has uncovered remains of Early to Middle Neolithic features dating around 5600 calBC, with analyses of faunal remains, ceramics and lithics contributing new insights into animal exploitation, raw materials and technological practices during this important time of socio-economic transition.","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67346618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reinhard Bernbeck, Materielle Spuren des nationalsozialistischen Terrors: Zu einer Archäologie der Zeitgeschichte. Transkript Historie 115 (Transkript Verlag, Bielefeld 2017)","authors":"C. Theune","doi":"10.1553/0x003b124f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/0x003b124f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67346783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robin Derricourt, Unearthing Childhood: Young Lives in Prehistory (Manchester University Press, Manchester 2018)","authors":"Daria Ložnjak Dizdar","doi":"10.1553/0x003b124b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/0x003b124b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67346684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1553/archaeologia106s223
M. Doneus, W. Neubauer, Roland Filzwieser, C. Sevara
Zusammenfassung – Stratigraphie aus Topographie II. Die praktische Anwendung der Harris-Matrix für die GIS-gestützte räumlich-zeitliche archäologische Interpretation von topogra-phischen Daten
地形学第二集石绘仪对地形学数据的考古学解释的哈里斯矩阵的实际应用
{"title":"Stratigraphy from Topography II. The Practical Application of the Harris Matrix for the GIS-based Spatio-temporal Archaeological Interpretation of Topographical Data","authors":"M. Doneus, W. Neubauer, Roland Filzwieser, C. Sevara","doi":"10.1553/archaeologia106s223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/archaeologia106s223","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung – Stratigraphie aus Topographie II. Die praktische Anwendung der Harris-Matrix für die GIS-gestützte räumlich-zeitliche archäologische Interpretation von topogra-phischen Daten","PeriodicalId":41926,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Austriaca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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