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Event Analysis; Analysis of Jeffery Dahmer (A.K.A Milwaukee Cannibal) 事件分析;杰弗里·达默(又名密尔沃基食人族)分析
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.47941/jhs.1013
Mwuese Titor Addingi
Sexual homicides, although rare attract a great deal of attention from the media, the general public, and, more recently, the academic community, they are devastating crimes and have the potential for repetition. A case study of Jeffery Dahmer, Milwaukee Cannibal sexual homicide was analyzed for the purpose of this research. Clinicians are often caught in the dilemma of helping offenders succeed in a society that will not allow them to achieve success and may actively conspire against successful reintegration. Despite the vast knowledge about serial killers, it is still uncertain why they kill. Undoubtedly, many factors enable individuals to perform such acts without remorse, including biological and neuropsychological factors, such as being bombarded by images that glamorize violence daily. Thus, the clinician/ social workers must struggle to find ways to help his or her clients practice their new skills in a society that does not want the offender and takes active steps to ostracize and humiliate offenders, which in turn leads to former offenders experiencing further isolation and a loss of hope.
性谋杀虽然罕见,但却吸引了媒体、公众以及最近的学术界的大量关注,它们是毁灭性的犯罪,并且有重复发生的可能。本研究以密尔沃基食人族性杀人案Jeffery Dahmer为个案进行分析。临床医生经常陷入困境,帮助罪犯在一个不允许他们取得成功的社会中取得成功,并可能积极密谋成功重新融入社会。尽管人们对连环杀手有了广泛的了解,但他们杀人的原因仍然不确定。毫无疑问,许多因素使个人能够毫无悔意地实施这种行为,包括生物和神经心理因素,例如每天受到美化暴力的图像的轰炸。因此,临床医生/社会工作者必须努力寻找方法,帮助他或她的客户在一个不需要罪犯并采取积极措施排斥和羞辱罪犯的社会中练习他们的新技能,这反过来又导致前罪犯经历进一步的孤立和失去希望。
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引用次数: 0
‘No Longer the Preserve of Townsfolk’: Female Electrical Mediators in Northern Scotland and the Craibstone School of Rural Domestic Economy, 1923–1939 “不再是Townsfolk的保护区”:苏格兰北部的女性电气调解员和克雷布斯通农村家庭经济学院,1923–1939
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2022.0348
Eleanor Peters
This article examines the role of rural women as electrical mediators in the north of Scotland during the interwar years, focusing on the activities of female representatives of the Craibstone School of Rural Domestic Economy (CSRDE). During this period, female teachers and students working for the CSRDE adopted and promoted electrical appliances, fostering enthusiasm for electrification among women living in the north of Scotland. Notably, at the Highland Show in 1935, students from the CSRDE entertained thousands of visitors by demonstrating appliances from an ‘all-electric’ kitchen, stimulating a trend for domestic electrical displays at future Highland Shows. Significantly, this article adds to the historiography of the electrification of Scotland, which has hitherto been dominated by male actors. Beyond Scotland, scholars have argued that affluent urban women framed electrification as an opportunity for liberation from the domestic sphere. However, using the records from the CSRDE, I recover the overlooked attitudes of rural women and show that they did not conceive of electrical appliances in the same light. This article provides an insight into the vital, yet forgotten, mediating role that rural women performed between the electrical industry and consumers.
本文探讨了两次世界大战期间,苏格兰北部农村妇女作为电力调解员的作用,重点关注克雷布斯通农村家庭经济学院(CSRDE)女性代表的活动。在此期间,为苏格兰农村发展研究所工作的女教师和学生采用并推广了电器,激发了苏格兰北部妇女对电气化的热情。值得注意的是,在1935年的高地展上,CSRDE的学生通过展示“全电动”厨房的电器来招待数千名游客,激发了未来高地展上家用电器展示的趋势。值得注意的是,这篇文章补充了苏格兰电气化的史学,迄今为止,苏格兰电气化一直由男性演员主导。在苏格兰以外,学者们认为,富裕的城市女性将电气化视为从家庭领域解放出来的机会。然而,利用CSRDE的记录,我恢复了农村妇女被忽视的态度,并表明她们对电器的看法并不相同。这篇文章深入了解了农村妇女在电力行业和消费者之间发挥的重要但被遗忘的中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple Monarchy and the Kent Island Controversy: A Scottish Licence, Chesapeake Rivalries and the London Business World 多元君主制与肯特岛之争:苏格兰执照、切萨皮克竞争与伦敦商业世界
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2022.0344
Joseph Wagner
Kent Island, located in Chesapeake Bay, was the subject of fierce debate and competition in the 1630s. Historians typically present the conflict in binary terms relating to its status as either part of one English colony or another; namely, was Kent Island part of the Virginia colony or was it part of the Maryland colony? There was, however, a third interpretation – that Kent Island was not part of an English colony at all but, rather, an independent Scottish trading outpost. This article examines the basis for this alternative interpretation. It was a pivotal issue in the contemporary debate as the initial European occupation of the island was predicated on the rights conveyed in a royal licence granted under the Scottish privy signet. Taking that grant as its starting point, the article analyses the ways in which the 1603 union of the crowns affected colonisation stemming from the British Isles under the Stuart monarchs. The Kent Island controversy is one example of the ‘Scottish complication’ that was present in many colonial endeavours traditionally thought of as solely English. 1
位于切萨皮克湾的肯特岛是17世纪30年代激烈辩论和竞争的主题。历史学家通常用二元的方式来描述这场冲突,因为它要么是英国殖民地的一部分,要么是另一部分;也就是说,肯特岛是弗吉尼亚殖民地的一部分还是马里兰殖民地的一部分?然而,还有第三种解释——肯特岛根本不是英国殖民地的一部分,而是一个独立的苏格兰贸易前哨。本文考察了这种替代解释的基础。在当时的辩论中,这是一个关键问题,因为欧洲对该岛的最初占领是基于苏格兰枢密院印章授予的皇家许可证所传达的权利。本文以这一授权为出发点,分析了1603年英王联盟对斯图亚特王朝统治下不列颠群岛殖民的影响。肯特岛的争议是“苏格兰复杂性”的一个例子,它存在于许多传统上被认为完全是英国的殖民活动中
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引用次数: 0
Influenza Epidemic in Glasgow, 1918–19: Source, Impact and Response 1918–19年格拉斯哥流感疫情:来源、影响和应对措施
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2022.0347
G. MacSporran
The emergence of Cov-19 in China in December 2019 has shown how vulnerable populations are to novel viruses. The influenza pandemic of 1918–19 was also caused by a novel virus which had crossed the species boundary and led to seventy million deaths world-wide. The historiography of the epidemic in Britain tends towards a national perspective with few regional studies. This article provides a regional perspective by studying the epidemic in Glasgow. The study will identify the likely source of initial infection and the impact of the disease and will also consider the public and the municipal health authority responses to the epidemic. Finally, there will be an assessment on whether this most fatal of diseases left a lasting legacy. It will be suggested that infection probably arrived on a transatlantic ship and that some 6,000 to 7,000 died comprising all age groups and across the social spectrum. The article will conclude that the influenza epidemic in Glasgow, in the context of the prevailing poor state of public health, was a serious, rather than a catastrophic, outbreak of disease and that it quickly receded in the public consciousness.
2019年12月covid -19在中国的出现表明,人们对新型病毒是多么脆弱。1918 - 1919年的流感大流行也是由一种跨越物种边界的新型病毒引起的,这种病毒导致全球7000万人死亡。英国的流行病史学倾向于国家视角,很少有区域研究。本文通过研究格拉斯哥的流行病提供了一个区域视角。这项研究将确定最初感染的可能来源和疾病的影响,并将考虑公众和市政卫生当局对这一流行病的反应。最后,将评估这种最致命的疾病是否留下了持久的遗产。有人认为,感染可能是通过一艘跨大西洋的船只到达的,大约有6000到7000人死亡,包括所有年龄段和社会阶层。这篇文章将得出结论,在公共卫生状况普遍不佳的背景下,格拉斯哥的流感疫情是一次严重的,而不是灾难性的疾病爆发,它很快就在公众意识中消退了。
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引用次数: 0
The Earl of Buchan's Second Summer: Dryburgh (1785–1829) 巴肯伯爵的第二个夏天:德里堡(1785-1829)
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2022.0346
John Wood
After over a century of relative neglect, the activities of David Steuart Erskine, the eleventh Earl of Buchan, on his Dryburgh estate between 1785 and 1829 have come under increasing academic scrutiny. The Earl’s retirement to Dryburgh has been seen less as a retreat from his high public profile as the founder of the Society of Antiquaries and more as a continuation both of his antiquarian and political interests. Indeed, landscape features such as the Temple of the Muses to the poet James Thomson and especially the giant statue to William Wallace have been viewed recently as part of a highly political nationalist-historic romantic landscape. While confirming the essentially political nature of these monuments, this article will explore an alternative whig and unionist reading of them. At the same time, although highlighting the continuity of Buchan’s antiquarian agenda, it will attempt to show how this gradually merged with a wide range of the Earl’s more personal enthusiasms such as Horace Walpole’s Strawberry Hill, classical antiquity and the beaux arts of London’s Royal Academy to form a distinctive second summer to his career.
在经历了一个多世纪的相对忽视之后,大卫·斯图尔特·厄斯金,第11代巴肯伯爵,在1785年至1829年间在他的德莱伯格庄园的活动受到了越来越多的学术审查。伯爵隐退到德雷伯,与其说是为了逃避他作为古董协会创始人的高调形象,不如说是为了延续他的古董和政治兴趣。事实上,像诗人詹姆斯·汤姆森(James Thomson)的缪斯神庙(Temple of Muses),尤其是威廉·华莱士(William Wallace)的巨大雕像这样的景观特征,最近被视为高度政治民族主义-历史浪漫主义景观的一部分。在确认这些纪念碑本质上的政治性质的同时,本文将探讨辉格党和工会主义者对它们的另一种解读。与此同时,尽管强调了巴肯文物议程的连续性,但它将试图展示这是如何逐渐与伯爵更广泛的个人热情融合在一起的,比如霍勒斯·沃波尔的草莓山,古典古董和伦敦皇家学院的美术,形成了他职业生涯中独特的第二个夏天。
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引用次数: 0
Anns gach gnìomh a nì duine ’s mór urram nan gàidheal: Donnchadh bàn Mac an t-Saoir as the Voice of the Gael’s Military Masculinity in the Eighteenth Century 每一次他或她对美好事物的尊重:麦克的餐桌都让人想起了18世纪盖尔人的军事男子汉之声
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2022.0345
Liesbeth Van Hulle
The eighteenth century witnessed the changed perception of the Highland male as he evolved from an unruly member of a warrior society to the ideal soldier, participating in the military activities of the British empire. This article explores firstly, how this transformation came about, from the celebration of the warrior society the Gàidhealtachd appeared to be, to the personal identification with the Gael's martial self. Secondly, this article establishes how and why the ordinary Highland man embraced this military identity. As the voice of the eighteenth-century Gael is rather difficult to trace, the life and oeuvre of Donnchadh Bàn Mac an t-Saoir (Duncan Bàn MacIntyre) is used to represent his fellow Highlanders. Donnchadh Bàn spent his entire adult life carrying arms and was a life-long proponent of the military masculinity the Gael displayed. Especially his enlistment in the Breadalbane Fencibles provides a unique insight. When his fervour for the Gael's warrior masculinity is checked against the many letters from the tenants on the Breadalbane estate, it is not a picture of an innately warrior masculinity that emerges, but one of a man choosing a temporary military path to hunt down economic security and independence.
18世纪,高地男性的观念发生了变化,他从一个不守规矩的战士社会成员演变成了理想的士兵,参与了大英帝国的军事活动。本文首先探讨了这一转变是如何发生的,从对盖尔塔出现的战士社会的庆祝,到对盖尔人军事自我的个人认同。其次,本文确立了普通高地人是如何以及为什么接受这种军事身份的。由于18世纪盖尔人的声音很难追踪,Donnchadh Bàn Mac an t-Saoir(Duncan Bàn-MacIntyre饰)的生活和作品被用来代表他的高地同胞。Donnchadh Bàn成年后一直携带武器,是盖尔人展现的军事男子气概的终身支持者。尤其是他在Breadalbane击剑队的入伍提供了一个独特的见解。当他对盖尔人战士气概的热情与布雷达尔班庄园租户的许多信件相对照时,这并不是一幅天生的战士气概的画面,而是一个男人选择临时军事道路来追求经济安全和独立的画面。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF MILL HILL MISSIONARIES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION IN KISUMU COUNTY: NYABONDO BOYS SECONDARY SCHOOL, 1935 TO 1985. 米尔山传教士对基苏木县中等教育发展的作用:尼亚邦多男子中学,1935 - 1985。
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.47941/jhs.849
Billians Sidwaka Ndenga, Jafred Muyaka, P. Kirui
Purpose: This paper describes the contribution of Mill Hill Missionaries (M.H.M) to the development of Secondary Education in Kisumu County, Kenya. The paper also deals with the nature of early education in the area, the relationship that existed among Mill Hill Mission schools and lastly, the educational developments at Nyabondo Boys Secondary School. Methodology: Being a historical study, the historical method of inquiry into the past was adopted. Primary sources of data consulted included oral testimonies of actual participants or witnesses of events in Kisumu County. Other primary sources used were archival documents either personal or institutional such as correspondences, photographs, mission publications, minutes of meetings and colonial government annual reports. The main secondary sources utilized were published and unpublished articles and books. The oral interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative method. Results: The study findings demonstrated that the spread of Western education and Christianity in Kisumu County led to social transformation of the Luo from traditional to modern practices. The findings further revealed that African catechists played a great role in the development of Western education and Christianity in Kisumu County. It can be concluded that, M.H.M played a vital role on the growth and development of secondary education in Kisumu County through the establishment of Nyabondo Boys Secondary School. The historical growth and development of the school from 1935 to 1985 can be greatly attributed to the activities of the M.H.M as well as the roles that Africans played in supporting the missionaries establish the school in the region. The establishment of the school in return was instrumental to a positive transformation of Nyabondo community and beyond to the Kenyan nation.
目的:本文描述了米尔山传教士(M.H.M)对肯尼亚基苏木县中学教育发展的贡献。本文还讨论了该地区早期教育的性质,米尔希尔教会学校之间存在的关系,最后,Nyabondo男子中学的教育发展。方法论:作为一门历史研究,我们采用了探究过去的历史方法。咨询的主要数据来源包括基苏木县事件的实际参与者或证人的口头证词。使用的其他主要资料来源是个人或机构的档案文件,如信件、照片、特派团出版物、会议记录和殖民地政府年度报告。使用的主要二手资料来源是已发表和未发表的文章和书籍。对口头访谈进行记录、转录,并采用定性方法进行分析。结果:研究结果表明,西方教育和基督教在基苏木县的传播导致了罗人从传统习俗向现代习俗的社会转型。研究结果进一步表明,非洲教理师在基苏木县西方教育和基督教的发展中发挥了重要作用。可以看出,m.h.m.通过建立Nyabondo男子中学,对基苏木县中等教育的成长和发展起到了至关重要的作用。学校从1935年到1985年的历史成长和发展可以很大程度上归功于M.H.M的活动,以及非洲人在支持传教士在该地区建立学校方面发挥的作用。作为回报,学校的建立有助于Nyabondo社区乃至整个肯尼亚民族的积极转变。
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引用次数: 0
ROMANO-PARTHIAN MACHINATIONS FROM CARRHAE TO THE ASSASSINATION OF JULIUS CAESAR 罗马-帕提亚的阴谋从卡雷到刺杀凯撒大帝
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.47941/jhs.797
D. Graham
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to reveal the scheming and plotting behind the veneer of the narrative of an earth-changing era in Roman history, in a new way, by demonstrating that Roman and Parthian worlds influenced, and impinged upon, each other in ways not always covered in extant modern literature. Methodology: The methodology applied throughout this article is that of historical analysis, using ancient sources in light of modern scholarship. However, this is done in a unique, learned sense, in that it seeks to look at the period covered by this article in a more broad sense geographically than most treatments on the Late Republic do, but doing so still by focussing upon an aspect of history, namely the historical interchange between Rome and Parthia. Findings: This article finds that Roman politics was not performed in a vacuum. Rather, it existed in a world where examples, and precedents, inspired a range of remonstrations, and official duties. Thus, it is shown that the worlds of Rome and Parthia were closer, politically, than is often recognised during the period covered by this article.  
目的:本文的目的是通过展示罗马和帕提亚世界相互影响和冲击的方式,以一种新的方式揭示罗马历史上一个改变地球时代的叙事背后的阴谋和阴谋,这些方式在现存的现代文学中并不总是被涵盖。方法论:本文采用的方法论是历史分析,结合现代学术知识使用古代资料。然而,这是在一种独特的、学术的意义上完成的,因为它试图从更广泛的地理意义上看待本文所涵盖的时期,而不是大多数对晚期共和国的处理,但这样做仍然集中在历史的一个方面,即罗马和帕提亚之间的历史交流。发现:本文发现罗马政治不是在真空中进行的。相反,它存在于一个范例和先例激发了一系列抗议和公务的世界。因此,这表明罗马和帕提亚的世界在政治上比这篇文章所涵盖的时期通常认为的更接近。
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引用次数: 0
‘This will always be a problem in Highland history’: A Review of the Historiography of the Highland Clearances “这将永远是高地历史上的一个问题”:高地清场史学综述
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2021.0329
A. Tindley
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引用次数: 0
Michel Byrne and Sheila M. Kidd (eds), Lìontan Lìonmhor: Local, National and Global Gaelic Networks from the 18th to the 20th Century Michel Byrne和Sheila M.Kidd(编辑),Lìontan Lìonmhor:18至20世纪的地方、国家和全球盖尔语网络
IF 0.2 Q3 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.3366/jshs.2021.0330
Donald E. Meek
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Scottish Historical Studies
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