{"title":"Viaje por la Geografía. Una geografía para el mundo. Una geografía para todo el mundo","authors":"Mónica Meza Aliaga","doi":"10.34096/PS.N4.10411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/PS.N4.10411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129230738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La imagen de la portada (Stillness in Motion – Cloud Cities, 2016), obra del artista argentino Tomás Saraceno, nos permite reflexionar sobre varios asuntos implicados en la relación técnica-espacio, objeto de este Dossier. En primer lugar, nos sugiere cuán enredadas se encuentran nuestras vidas en relación con objetos y procesos técnicos; por ejemplo, cómo nuestras experiencias espaciales están cada vez más moldeadas por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación así como por las de seguridad y control. En segundo lugar, esboza otras cuestiones, también claves en los estudios geográficos, como la mediación técnica de lo visible y lo invisible (ya sean sujetos, objetos o lugares) y nos invita a indagar sus posibles derivaciones, por ejemplo en términos de imaginarios geográficos o derechos territoriales. Asimismo, insinúa la reconfiguración de lo próximo y de lo lejano a través de ciertas innovaciones tecnológicas y, con ello, la definición de sujetos y espacios integrados o segregados; en otros términos, nos remite a un extenso debate acerca de la técnica como instrumento de liberación o de dominio y clausura.
{"title":"Presentación al Dossier Geografía - técnica - geografías","authors":"Hortensia Castro, Veronica Hollman, D. Ríos","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6909","url":null,"abstract":"La imagen de la portada (Stillness in Motion – Cloud Cities, 2016), obra del artista argentino Tomás Saraceno, nos permite reflexionar sobre varios asuntos implicados en la relación técnica-espacio, objeto de este Dossier. En primer lugar, nos sugiere cuán enredadas se encuentran nuestras vidas en relación con objetos y procesos técnicos; por ejemplo, cómo nuestras experiencias espaciales están cada vez más moldeadas por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación así como por las de seguridad y control. En segundo lugar, esboza otras cuestiones, también claves en los estudios geográficos, como la mediación técnica de lo visible y lo invisible (ya sean sujetos, objetos o lugares) y nos invita a indagar sus posibles derivaciones, por ejemplo en términos de imaginarios geográficos o derechos territoriales. Asimismo, insinúa la reconfiguración de lo próximo y de lo lejano a través de ciertas innovaciones tecnológicas y, con ello, la definición de sujetos y espacios integrados o segregados; en otros términos, nos remite a un extenso debate acerca de la técnica como instrumento de liberación o de dominio y clausura.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128737214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we will address the debates about the sense of sight and the techniques of observation in the register of modern science, with allusions to the impact they had in the field of geographical knowledge as well as in the ways of registering the geographical space. The main argument is that the techniques of observation went from being predominantly thought through the study of the functioning of the eye, perspective, optics and instruments that modify the natural vision, to the study of the techniques of interpretation of images produced with devices and techniques of communication of senses, of knowledge about geographic space and of geographic imaginaries. These issues will be addressed on three axes: a) the relationship between natural observation and the perspective development; b) the role of instruments in the observation and recording of the sensitive world, including ideas that postulate that the human eye is also an instrument, and c) the place of the technique in the problematization of the act of seeing and the cultural construction of the gaze.
{"title":"Del ojo a la mirada: debates sobre el sentido de la vista y las técnicas de observación y registro en la ciencia moderna","authors":"C. Lois, Malena Mazzitelli Mastricchio","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6913","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we will address the debates about the sense of sight and the techniques of observation in the register of modern science, with allusions to the impact they had in the field of geographical knowledge as well as in the ways of registering the geographical space. The main argument is that the techniques of observation went from being predominantly thought through the study of the functioning of the eye, perspective, optics and instruments that modify the natural vision, to the study of the techniques of interpretation of images produced with devices and techniques of communication of senses, of knowledge about geographic space and of geographic imaginaries. These issues will be addressed on three axes: a) the relationship between natural observation and the perspective development; b) the role of instruments in the observation and recording of the sensitive world, including ideas that postulate that the human eye is also an instrument, and c) the place of the technique in the problematization of the act of seeing and the cultural construction of the gaze.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134623434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cidade e uma espacialidade complexa, cuja compreensao tem sido buscada por varios estudiosos, entre eles os geografos. Como ensina-la? Como ensina-la a jovens escolares tendo como referencia sua vida e seus significados? O texto busca, com essas preocupacoes, abordar caminhos possiveis para o ensino de cidade tendo em vista sua relacao com a vida cotidiana, com a contribuicao da Geografia urbana. Para desenvolver essa abordagem, utiliza-se de cenarios urbanos –fragmento da vida cotidiana– para serem problematizados no ensino, buscando apresentar chaves da leitura de imagens e textos a partir de eixos analiticos e de conceitos e subconceitos, compreendidos como um sistema conceitual estruturante do conceito mais amplo de cidade. O texto busca ainda articular essas possibilidades de leitura com o cotidiano dos jovens e com a relacao que tem com os lugares, as paisagens e os territorios da cidade, com base em investigacoes realizadas. Ao final, o texto apresenta tambem breves consideracoes sobre as possiblidades de tratar esses fragmentos da vida urbana cotidiana, como conteudos geograficos escolares relevantes para jovens escolares, com a meta de seu desenvolvimento conceitual.
{"title":"Ensino de Geografia e cenários urbanos cotidianos: laboratórios para o desenvolvimento do pensamento geográfico","authors":"Lana De Souza Cavalcanti","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6916","url":null,"abstract":"A cidade e uma espacialidade complexa, cuja compreensao tem sido buscada por varios estudiosos, entre eles os geografos. Como ensina-la? Como ensina-la a jovens escolares tendo como referencia sua vida e seus significados? O texto busca, com essas preocupacoes, abordar caminhos possiveis para o ensino de cidade tendo em vista sua relacao com a vida cotidiana, com a contribuicao da Geografia urbana. Para desenvolver essa abordagem, utiliza-se de cenarios urbanos –fragmento da vida cotidiana– para serem problematizados no ensino, buscando apresentar chaves da leitura de imagens e textos a partir de eixos analiticos e de conceitos e subconceitos, compreendidos como um sistema conceitual estruturante do conceito mais amplo de cidade. O texto busca ainda articular essas possibilidades de leitura com o cotidiano dos jovens e com a relacao que tem com os lugares, as paisagens e os territorios da cidade, com base em investigacoes realizadas. Ao final, o texto apresenta tambem breves consideracoes sobre as possiblidades de tratar esses fragmentos da vida urbana cotidiana, como conteudos geograficos escolares relevantes para jovens escolares, com a meta de seu desenvolvimento conceitual.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134382226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Analysis of the quality of life requires the survey of significant variables, if we pursue a territorial perspective (their importance consists in its power to discriminate different situations). Mainly, we consider both the socioeconomic dimension (education, health and housing) and the environmental one (environmental problems and recreational resources). From this perspective, the comparative maps and tables clearly show that the situation of the argentine population, which had been poorly improved between 1991 and 2001, nevertheless had considerably progressed between 2001 and 2010; mainly in education and health dimensions. Territorial analysis, at departmental/communal level (525 units), reveals these eloquent advances in the territory, especially in the regions with the worst relative position. This is the first time we register this situation since the decade of the eighties until the present time.
{"title":"Geografía y cambios en la calidad de vida de los argentinos: una perspectiva territorial a la luz del siglo XXI","authors":"G. Velázquez","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6915","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the quality of life requires the survey of significant variables, if we pursue a territorial perspective (their importance consists in its power to discriminate different situations). Mainly, we consider both the socioeconomic dimension (education, health and housing) and the environmental one (environmental problems and recreational resources). From this perspective, the comparative maps and tables clearly show that the situation of the argentine population, which had been poorly improved between 1991 and 2001, nevertheless had considerably progressed between 2001 and 2010; mainly in education and health dimensions. Territorial analysis, at departmental/communal level (525 units), reveals these eloquent advances in the territory, especially in the regions with the worst relative position. This is the first time we register this situation since the decade of the eighties until the present time.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116254486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neste artigo tivemos como objetivo analisar de que maneira as imagens presentes nos livros didaticos de Geografia utilizados no Brasil e na Argentina contribuem para a construcao de determinada(s) concepcao(oes) de fronteira. Priorizamos a analise das imagens fotograficas, pois a partir de pesquisa realizada nesses materiais identificamos o predominio destas, embora tambem comparecam mapas e esquemas – entre outras – porem, em numero inferior as fotografias. Dentre as conclusoes, podemos apontar que as imagens fotograficas presentes nos livros didaticos de Geografia brasileiros e argentinos contribuem para a construcao e fixacao da ideia de fronteira como limite, barreira, separacao de lados, bastante associado ao carater estatal, burocratico e controlador da mobilidade das pessoas. Mesmo nos textos didaticos que intencionam trazer uma compreensao da fronteira no sentido dos contatos e integracao, as imagens utilizadas sao vias de acesso (estradas e pontes) nas quais esta mais presente o aspecto comercial do que de intercâmbios culturais, sociais e humanos nao associando fronteira a questao das identidades e diferencas.
{"title":"Imagens da(s) fronteira(s) em livros didáticos de geografia brasileiros e argentinos: o que existe além dos muros?","authors":"F. Nunes","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6917","url":null,"abstract":"Neste artigo tivemos como objetivo analisar de que maneira as imagens presentes nos livros didaticos de Geografia utilizados no Brasil e na Argentina contribuem para a construcao de determinada(s) concepcao(oes) de fronteira. Priorizamos a analise das imagens fotograficas, pois a partir de pesquisa realizada nesses materiais identificamos o predominio destas, embora tambem comparecam mapas e esquemas – entre outras – porem, em numero inferior as fotografias. Dentre as conclusoes, podemos apontar que as imagens fotograficas presentes nos livros didaticos de Geografia brasileiros e argentinos contribuem para a construcao e fixacao da ideia de fronteira como limite, barreira, separacao de lados, bastante associado ao carater estatal, burocratico e controlador da mobilidade das pessoas. Mesmo nos textos didaticos que intencionam trazer uma compreensao da fronteira no sentido dos contatos e integracao, as imagens utilizadas sao vias de acesso (estradas e pontes) nas quais esta mais presente o aspecto comercial do que de intercâmbios culturais, sociais e humanos nao associando fronteira a questao das identidades e diferencas.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123138946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article will endorse the discussion about techniques in geographical studies by questioning how technique was incorporated in geographic research. The technique concept has, at least, two dimensions: the material and the immaterial. While objects and labor’s tools refer to the former, the use of the technique refers to the later. These perspectives complement each other, since the existence of the technical object implies an intentionality of usage. In this sense, the technique amplifies the possibility of human actions as well as the scale of action. This is visible in geographical forms –past and present–. Technical objects compose the configuration of places. For this reason, a certain amount of works in geography analyzes only the visible side of the technique ignoring the constitution of the process. According to this, the technique as a way of thinking, planning and operating has not been fully considered. In view of this concern, this paper will be develop four sections: I. The beginning of discussion about the technique, II. The technology and the objects: medium and phenomenal, III. The innovation as the principle of networks, and IV. The technique: an action principle. Concluding ideas will be exposed in section V. Possible research ideas from the techniques.
{"title":"Una mirada sobre la técnica en los estudios geográficos","authors":"Villy Creuz","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6911","url":null,"abstract":"This article will endorse the discussion about techniques in geographical studies by questioning how technique was incorporated in geographic research. The technique concept has, at least, two dimensions: the material and the immaterial. While objects and labor’s tools refer to the former, the use of the technique refers to the later. These perspectives complement each other, since the existence of the technical object implies an intentionality of usage. In this sense, the technique amplifies the possibility of human actions as well as the scale of action. This is visible in geographical forms –past and present–. Technical objects compose the configuration of places. For this reason, a certain amount of works in geography analyzes only the visible side of the technique ignoring the constitution of the process. According to this, the technique as a way of thinking, planning and operating has not been fully considered. In view of this concern, this paper will be develop four sections: I. The beginning of discussion about the technique, II. The technology and the objects: medium and phenomenal, III. The innovation as the principle of networks, and IV. The technique: an action principle. Concluding ideas will be exposed in section V. Possible research ideas from the techniques.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129817733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The category of geographical space could be defined and operationalized considering the technique as a constitutive element of space. Firstly, we will not only consider the particular techniques, but essentially the technical phenomenon that includes objects, forms of usage, underlying politics and its particular locations. This leads us to understand the technique as an environment, in which the places reveal diverse technical contents. In other words, we propose an effort to go beyond the particular techniques with the purpose to discuss a phenomenology of the technique as a basis for a geographical explanation. Secondly, the techniques allow us to understand time as an empirical fact, avoiding seeing the time and the space as separated dimensions. In this regard, periodization is an essential element of the method that allows to apprehend the usages of space in every moment of history, and as a consequence to reach a non-abstract diachronic perspective. Thirdly, we will analyze the contemporary techniques, i.e., the systemic nature of techniques in globalization, including information techniques, scale, speed and conditions of rigidity and flexibility of technique and their inseparability of action, norm and ideology.
{"title":"Espacio geográfico y fenómeno técnico: cuestiones de método","authors":"M. L. Silveira","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6910","url":null,"abstract":"The category of geographical space could be defined and operationalized considering the technique as a constitutive element of space. Firstly, we will not only consider the particular techniques, but essentially the technical phenomenon that includes objects, forms of usage, underlying politics and its particular locations. This leads us to understand the technique as an environment, in which the places reveal diverse technical contents. In other words, we propose an effort to go beyond the particular techniques with the purpose to discuss a phenomenology of the technique as a basis for a geographical explanation. Secondly, the techniques allow us to understand time as an empirical fact, avoiding seeing the time and the space as separated dimensions. In this regard, periodization is an essential element of the method that allows to apprehend the usages of space in every moment of history, and as a consequence to reach a non-abstract diachronic perspective. Thirdly, we will analyze the contemporary techniques, i.e., the systemic nature of techniques in globalization, including information techniques, scale, speed and conditions of rigidity and flexibility of technique and their inseparability of action, norm and ideology.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129808414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Una forma visual de pensar, de Paulo César da Costa Gomes","authors":"Veronica Hollman","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115084245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Este articulo problematiza la condicion aparentemente “fuera del tiempo y del espacio” de la reciente dinamica de difusion de los muros como tecnologias de control. Esta condicion refleja una nueva interaccion, una compleja combinacion entre diferentes modalidades de control como marcas de los procesos que, en las sociedades biopoliticas o de in-seguridad contemporaneas, denominamos contencion territorial. En un lenguaje foucaultiano, el “territorio-muro” es pensado no solo como una simple tecnologia politica sino, mas bien, como un dispositivo de poder al mismo tiempo de dominacion tecnico-material y de apropiacion simbolica.
{"title":"Muros como tecnologías y dispositivos territoriales de control","authors":"Rogério Haesbaert","doi":"10.34096/ps.n1.6914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n1.6914","url":null,"abstract":"Este articulo problematiza la condicion aparentemente “fuera del tiempo y del espacio” de la reciente dinamica de difusion de los muros como tecnologias de control. Esta condicion refleja una nueva interaccion, una compleja combinacion entre diferentes modalidades de control como marcas de los procesos que, en las sociedades biopoliticas o de in-seguridad contemporaneas, denominamos contencion territorial. En un lenguaje foucaultiano, el “territorio-muro” es pensado no solo como una simple tecnologia politica sino, mas bien, como un dispositivo de poder al mismo tiempo de dominacion tecnico-material y de apropiacion simbolica.","PeriodicalId":422242,"journal":{"name":"Punto sur","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123610042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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