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The Nature of the Misinformation before and during Covid 19 (case study of Slovakia) Covid - 19之前和期间的错误信息的性质(以斯洛伐克为例)
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_08
H. Tkacova, H. Tkacova
This article presents an outline of theoretical background followed by a presentation of our own research which aims to identify the most common misinformation in the period before the pandemic and in the period of the so-called first and second wave of Covid 19 in Slovakia. The research method was a qualitative content analysis of the most read conspiracy web portals in the period before the pandemic, and separately also during the pandemic. The result of the research is the identification of key topics that determined the character of the most watched conspiracy media in Slovakia in the two monitored periods. The article points to a negative phenomenon which, in our opinion, is "lost" in heated discussions about fears of the presence of misinformation in public space. It is a fact that during Covid 19, the time spent in the Internet environment increased radically, especially in the group of today's young people. The study expresses concern that extending the time of young people on the Internet has exacerbated new forms of pitfalls that can make a significant contribution to making the younger group an even more vulnerable group as a result of the increase in online misinformation.
本文概述了理论背景,然后介绍了我们自己的研究,旨在确定大流行之前和斯洛伐克所谓的第一波和第二波Covid - 19期间最常见的错误信息。研究方法是对大流行前和大流行期间阅读量最大的阴谋网站门户网站进行定性内容分析。研究的结果是确定了在两个监测期间决定斯洛伐克最受关注的阴谋媒体特征的关键主题。这篇文章指出了一种负面现象,在我们看来,这种负面现象“迷失”在对公共空间存在错误信息的恐惧的热烈讨论中。事实上,在2019冠状病毒病期间,人们在互联网环境中花费的时间大幅增加,尤其是在当今的年轻人群体中。该研究表达了一种担忧,即年轻人上网时间的延长加剧了新形式的陷阱,这些陷阱可能会使年轻群体成为更脆弱的群体,因为网上错误信息的增加。
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引用次数: 2
Social Work in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19大流行背景下的社会工作
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_02
J. Gabura, M. Mojtová
The coronavirus (aka COVID-19) pandemic has paralyzed the whole world and society as such has found itself in a health, social and economic spiral. We have come to discover how the helping professions – including social work – are undersized, undervalued and marginalized, and yet virtually essential for our survival as a society. This means that there is a growing need for a systemic reform not only in the field of social work, but also in education focused on the helping professions.
冠状病毒(又名COVID-19)大流行使整个世界陷入瘫痪,社会因此陷入健康、社会和经济螺旋式上升。我们开始发现,包括社会工作在内的帮助者职业是如何被低估、被低估和被边缘化的,但实际上对我们作为一个社会的生存至关重要。这意味着,不仅在社会工作领域,而且在以帮助专业为重点的教育领域,都越来越需要进行系统的改革。
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引用次数: 0
Life Satisfaction of Holocaust Survivors 大屠杀幸存者的生活满意度
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_05
K. Horáčková, A. Ševčovičová, A. Ševčovičová, D. R. Ralbovská, D. R. Ralbovská, J. Capska, J. Capska, Ľ. Andraščíková, Ludmila, Andrascikova, M. Olah, M. Oláh
Objective: Find out the impact of the Holocaust trauma on life satisfaction of alive Czech survivors, and to compare it with a control group of respondents.                                                       Design: Prospective study                                                       Participants: The total number of respondents in the study was 130. The exposed group consisted of 65 Czech Holocaust survivors (average age 88.5 years), control group of 65 Czech seniors (average age 88 years).  Methods: The article presents a quantitative research assessing the life satisfaction of survivors using the standardized Life Satisfaction Questionnaire by Fahrenberg et al. (1986) on a main group, and compares it with a control group. A nonparametric test for two selections (Mann – Whitney) at a significance level of 0.05 was used to test the hypotheses.                                                       Results: In spite of wide spectrum of the Holocaust effects, the exposed group shows higher or the same satisfactionin the most of the monitored areas compared to the control group (Health Me 4 vs. 3, p – 0.000; Workand employment Me 6 vs. 5, p – 0.000; Financial situation Me 6 vs. 4, p – 0.000; Leisure time Me 4 vs. 4, p – 0.002; Marriage and partnership Me 2 vs. 0, p – 0.284; Own self Me 4 vs. 3, p – 0.000; Sexuality Me 3 vs. 3, p – 0.879; Friends and acquaintances Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.002; Housing Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.000; Overall life satisfaction Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.001). On the contrary, they are less satisfied in the area Children (Me 4 vs. 5, p – 0.016).                                                        Conclusions: The research displays integration of hardiness and vulnerability, lust for life and the ability of man to live and survive in extreme conditions and still feel a joy of life.
目的:了解大屠杀创伤对在世捷克幸存者生活满意度的影响,并与对照组受访者进行比较。                                                       设计:前瞻性研究                                                        研究参与者:受访者的总数是130。暴露组包括65名捷克大屠杀幸存者(平均年龄88.5岁),对照组65名捷克老年人(平均年龄88岁)。方法:采用Fahrenberg et al.(1986)的标准化生活满意度问卷对主要组进行定量研究,并与对照组进行比较。采用显著性水平为0.05的两个选择(Mann - Whitney)的非参数检验来检验假设。结果:尽管大屠杀影响范围广泛,但与对照组相比,暴露组在大多数监测地区表现出更高或相同的满意度(Health Me 4 vs. 3, p - 0.000;工作和就业Me 6 vs. 5, p - 0.000;财务状况:6比4,p - 0.000;闲暇时间:4比4,p - 0.002;婚姻与伴侣关系Me 2 vs. 0, p - 0.284;自我Me 4 vs. 3, p - 0.000;sex Me 3 vs. 3, p - 0.879;朋友和熟人Me 5 vs. 4, p - 0.002;住房Me 5 vs. 4, p - 0.000;总体生活满意度(5比4,p - 0.001)。相反,他们在儿童领域的满意度较低(me4 vs. 5, p - 0.016)。结论:该研究展示了坚韧与脆弱的融合,对生命的渴望,以及人类在极端条件下生存和生存的能力,并仍然感受到生活的乐趣。
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引用次数: 0
The Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in the Roma in Western Slovak 斯洛伐克西部罗姆人心血管风险的标志物
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_11
M. Valachovičová, Z. Slezáková, J. Kristová, H. Padyšáková
Introduction and aim: Nutritional studies point to the importance of the quality of food consumed in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease before the total amount of food consumed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk of Roma in western Slovakia on the basis of selected markers. Materials and methodology: In our study, we determined the following parameters: total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, homocysteine, vitamin B9 and vitamin B12 in 320 probands aged 20-60 years. Results and discussion: In the Roma population, we found a significant decrease in vitamin B9 and a significant increase in vitamin B12 compared to the majority population. Conclusion: The Roma population consumes little fruit and vegetables, which was confirmed by low concentrations offolic acid. Based on the findings, more effective education in the field of diet and eating habits should be developed which would be used in primary prevention in the Roma population.
简介和目的:营养研究指出,在心血管疾病的发病机制中,所消耗的食物质量比所消耗的食物总量更重要。该研究的目的是在选定标记物的基础上评估斯洛伐克西部罗姆人的心血管风险。材料与方法:在我们的研究中,我们测定了320名20-60岁的先证者的以下参数:总胆固醇、甘油三酯、同型半胱氨酸、维生素B9和维生素B12。结果和讨论:在罗姆人群中,我们发现与大多数人群相比,维生素B9显著减少,维生素B12显著增加。结论:罗姆人食用的水果和蔬菜较少,这一点可以通过低浓度的叶酸得到证实。根据调查结果,应在饮食和饮食习惯方面开展更有效的教育,用于罗姆人的初级预防。
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引用次数: 0
Utilizing COVID-19 Vaccine Diplomacy 利用COVID-19疫苗外交
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_13
M. Costello
Vaccine diplomacy has become a significant consideration in the global effort to distribute Covid-19 vaccines from wealthier developed nations to poorer developing countries. Based upon a review of the secondary source literature, it appears that while vaccine diplomacy is expected to result in an increase in the quantities available for export, some pragmatic considerations may impede the effort to transport and administer the vaccine in less developed countries.
疫苗外交已成为全球努力将Covid-19疫苗从较富裕的发达国家分发给较贫穷的发展中国家的一个重要考虑因素。根据对二手来源文献的审查,虽然疫苗外交有望增加可供出口的数量,但一些务实的考虑可能会阻碍在较不发达国家运输和管理疫苗的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Oncological Disease on Patientęs Life Quality 肿瘤疾病对Patientęs生活质量的影响
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_10
M. Bakos, T. Jankovic, V. Krcmery, M. Vidiscak, Š. Durdík
At present, despite of many prevention programs, the incidence of cancer still increases in Slovakia. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer diseases. The number of new diagnostic patients has increased tangentially. This is the reason, why we have decided to find out about women with this diagnosis and their psychosocial problems after surgery. General healthcare about women with cancer disease contains therapeutic, preventive, and nursing care. It is necessary to focus our attention also on social relationships and quality of life during and after surgery. In the treatment of these women, it is important to know that their psychical reactions depend on: premorbid personality; level of education; social relationship; value orientation; previous experiences with medical stuff; information about their diseases. Psychological support of women is important in every phases of diseases. Postoperative phase is the most important, because this is the moment when women lost their expression of femininity and the physicians and nurses are the first who can help them. Emphasis put on satisfaction of psychological and social needs help women in their treatment process and aims to mitigate more quickly with this change and fight with disease.
目前,尽管有许多预防方案,斯洛伐克的癌症发病率仍在上升。乳腺癌是最常见的癌症疾病。新诊断患者的数量呈直线增长。这就是为什么我们决定找出有这种诊断的女性以及她们在手术后的心理问题。癌症妇女的一般保健包括治疗、预防和护理。有必要将我们的注意力集中在手术中和手术后的社会关系和生活质量上。在治疗这些女性时,重要的是要知道她们的心理反应取决于:病前人格;教育水平;社会关系;价值取向;有医疗工作经验;关于他们疾病的信息。妇女的心理支持在疾病的每个阶段都很重要。术后阶段是最重要的,因为这是女性失去女性气质的时刻,医生和护士是第一个可以帮助她们的人。强调满足心理和社会需求有助于妇女的治疗过程,并旨在通过这种变化更快地减轻病情并与疾病作斗争。
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引用次数: 0
Urinary Incontinence as a Significant Health and Social Problem of Women 尿失禁是一个重要的妇女健康和社会问题
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_07
M. Popovicová, J. Babečka, M. Olah
The issue of urinary incontinence is the most commonly discussedissue in the field of urology and urological nursing. It occurs all over the world. 45% of the population suffers from it. An average time from the onset of the first symptomsuntil the visit to the doctor's is 3 years.It occurs at any age, regardless of gender, still women suffer from it more often and the prevalence of affected female-patients increases with age. However, at present, as an exception that proves the rule, we are increasingly often encountering this problem in younger people. This disease affects every area of patients´ lives. Social, professional and private life are all being subordinated to this issue, which significantly affects the comfort and quality of life
尿失禁问题是泌尿外科和泌尿外科护理领域最常讨论的问题。它发生在世界各地。45%的人患有糖尿病。从出现第一个症状到看医生的平均时间是3年。它发生在任何年龄,无论性别,但妇女更常患此病,受影响的女性患者的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。然而,目前,作为一个例外,我们越来越多地在年轻人中遇到这个问题。这种疾病影响到病人生活的各个方面。社交、职业和私人生活都从属于这个问题,这极大地影响了生活的舒适度和质量
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引用次数: 0
Linking COVID-19 with Suicide: Suggestions for Future Research 将COVID-19与自杀联系起来:对未来研究的建议
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_03
N. Khan, M. Zeeshan, A. Naz
COVID-19 has impacted the world socio-economically. Unemployment, poverty, social stigma, social isolation, domestic violence and mental illnesses are the notable social issues related to COVID-19 pandemic. Framed under a review based approach, the current study searches for the link between COVID-19 pandemic and an increased vulnerability to suicide across the globe. Linking the current situation with researched determinants of suicide shows that COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating various socio-economic and psychological causes of suicide. In near future or even during the pandemic, suicide will be a key challenge for the public health sector across the globe. Besides, future research suggestions are given in light of the discussion in order to provide an impetus to researching the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide.
2019冠状病毒病对世界社会经济产生了影响。失业、贫困、社会耻辱、社会孤立、家庭暴力和精神疾病是与COVID-19大流行相关的显著社会问题。在基于审查的方法框架下,目前的研究寻找COVID-19大流行与全球自杀脆弱性增加之间的联系。将目前的情况与已研究的自杀决定因素联系起来表明,COVID-19大流行正在加剧自杀的各种社会经济和心理原因。在不久的将来,甚至在大流行期间,自杀将成为全球公共卫生部门面临的一项重大挑战。并根据讨论提出了未来的研究建议,以期为研究COVID-19大流行对自杀的影响提供动力。
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引用次数: 0
Stigmatization by Nurses towards Mentally Ill People 护士对精神病患者的歧视
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_09
T. Fertaľová, I. Ondriová, I. Ondriová, L. Hadašová, L. Hadašová
Background:People with mental illness face two major problems at the same time. The first is the disease itself which they must learn to live with and to manage all its symptoms. The second, often more serious problem, is the presence of stereotypes and prejudices which are the result of insufficient knowledge about mental illnesses and their misunderstanding. The aim was to explore the current state of stigmatization by nurses towards mentally ill people. Methods: In this quantitative exploratory research we used an existing questionnaire (the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers) with randomly selected nurses who treat mentally ill patients. Results:A significant difference in the degree of stigmatization with respect to the age of the nurses was not found. However,in terms of the overall assessment, specifically in the domain of attitudes, the rate of stigmatization was higher among younger respondents. Nurses with shorter professional experience proved a lower degree of stigmatization than nurses with longer professional experience. Conclusion: It is expected that the rate of mental illnesses will increase. Therefore, we recommend continuing to pay increased attention to destigmatization within the education of and developing more destigmatizing initiatives among nurses.
背景:患有精神疾病的人同时面临两个主要问题。首先是疾病本身,他们必须学会与之共存并控制其所有症状。第二个,往往是更严重的问题,是由于对精神疾病的认识不足和误解造成的刻板印象和偏见的存在。目的是探讨护士对精神病患者的污名化现状。方法:在本定量探索性研究中,我们使用现有的问卷(卫生保健提供者开放思想量表)随机选择治疗精神病患者的护士。结果:不同年龄护士的污名化程度无显著差异。然而,就整体评估而言,特别是在态度方面,年轻受访者的污名化率更高。专业经验较短的护士比专业经验较长的护士被污名化的程度低。结论:预计精神疾病的发病率将会上升。因此,我们建议继续增加对教育中的去污名化的关注,并在护士中发展更多的去污名化举措。
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引用次数: 0
The Contribution of Community Centers in the Elimination of Socio-Economic Problems of Family 社区中心对消除家庭社会经济问题的贡献
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_1_01
D. Bachyncova Giertliova
Community Centers have for marginalized groups, their integration into society, and eliminationof socioeconomic problems its justification. Community Centers are implemented as an institutional facility that provides: primary programs; responsive lectures; discussions aimed at preventing socio-pathological phenomena. Prevention is focused on all target groups and all ages.This is a task that is accomplished through direct contact with specific people in a community who find themselves in an unfavorable social situation. And, right, the center is a place for them where they can turn to people who will try to help them so that they can help themselves. At the same time, the Center is the place of active workforRoma who help people who need this help and also presentation of individual activities of the Center for Majority, to Majority on Minority is very important.
社区中心为边缘群体提供了融入社会和消除社会经济问题的理由。社区中心作为一个机构设施实施,提供:初级项目;响应讲座;旨在防止社会病理现象的讨论。预防的重点是所有目标群体和所有年龄。这是一项通过与社区中发现自己处于不利社会状况的特定人群直接接触来完成的任务。而且,对他们来说,这个中心是一个他们可以求助于那些试图帮助他们的人的地方,这样他们就可以帮助自己。与此同时,该中心是罗姆人积极工作的地方,他们帮助需要帮助的人,同时也展示了该中心的个人活动,对多数人对少数人非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention
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