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Philosophical Foundations of Research and the Case of the Epistemic Well in a Least Developed Nation 研究的哲学基础与最不发达国家的认识井案例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.05.01.05
Inspired by an ancient tale of kupamanduka (Well Frog) that never ventures out of the well and lives to think the well as the world, and see nothing beyond it. This article conceptualises the ‘Epistemic Well’ and the native epistemic community that dwells in it remains within the confines of the epistemic well. Philosophical foundations are the core of each individual researcher and all research questions, hypothesis, methodologies, recommendations are shaped by it. Particular modes of governance instil particular modes of philosophies. Under neoliberalism the prevailing philosophical foundations have been identified as, detached, decontextualized, depoliticized, dehistoricized, dissocialized, deproblematized, reductionist/individualist, instrumentalization, separation, marketisation, positivist and objectivist. The combination of these attributes builds the epistemic well. The epistemic well of research is not absolute and is not meant to provide quantification data. The epistemic well is a reflexive tool that can be used to evaluate a research especially for a nation like Nepal. The research funds or the benefits that ensues a researcher are important criteria for research. When thinking of a research topic, the primary determining factor becomes the amount of fund available the gaze of a native researcher can overlook various conditions and processes. The epistemic community that is formed by these researchers maintain and sustain particular epistemes. The NCD’s were selected primarily to stick to a cohort but this does not limit the scope and purpose of the epistemic well.
灵感来自一个古老的kupamanduka(井蛙)的故事,它从不冒险走出井,活着,把井当成世界,什么也看不见。这篇文章概念化了“认知井”,以及居住在其中的本地认知社区仍然在认知井的范围内。哲学基础是每个研究者的核心,所有的研究问题、假设、方法、建议都是由哲学基础形成的。特定的治理模式孕育出特定的哲学模式。在新自由主义下,流行的哲学基础被确定为:分离的、去语境化的、去政治化的、去历史化的、分离的、去问题化的、还原主义/个人主义的、工具化的、分离的、市场化的、实证主义的和客观主义的。这些属性的结合很好地构建了认识论。研究的认知井不是绝对的,也不是为了提供量化的数据。认知井是一种反思性的工具,可以用来评估一项研究,特别是对于像尼泊尔这样的国家。研究经费或研究人员的利益是研究的重要标准。在思考一个研究课题时,主要的决定因素变成了可用资金的多少,一个本土研究者的目光可以忽略各种条件和过程。由这些研究者组成的认知共同体维护和维持着特定的认知。非传染性疾病的选择主要是为了坚持一个队列,但这并没有很好地限制认知的范围和目的。
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引用次数: 0
Bullying or School Harassment 欺凌或校园骚扰
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.05.01.04
Bullying or school harassment Although in our environment we have only found a single article about this phenomenon, published in the Cuban Journal of Comprehensive General Medicine, the topic has been little discussed by island child and adolescent psychologists and psychiatrists.
虽然在我们的环境中,我们只在《古巴综合普通医学杂志》上发现了一篇关于这一现象的文章,但岛上的儿童和青少年心理学家和精神科医生很少讨论这一问题。
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引用次数: 0
Adoption of Technology Acceptance Model in Technical Universities Libraries: Implication to Higher Education in Ghana 加纳技术大学图书馆采用技术接受模式对高等教育的启示
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-25 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.03.02.02
The research is on the adoption of Technology acceptance model in technical universities libraries: Implication to higher institutions education in Ghana. It revealed the concept of the Technology acceptance model theory that related to the study. Descriptive research was used for the research with a sample of 20 librarians within the technical universities landscape. Findings showed that 90percent of the respondents revealed that their students do not have access to online digital resources like open public access catalogues (OPAC), e-books, e- journals and other electronic databases. Network problems; Server slowness and frequent breakdown of digital resources. The implications to technical higher education are that students that utilize less of Technology in knowledge acquisitions will lag in their research, learning and assignment process in this digital age. The research recommends that GTEC should enforce the implementation of the ten to fifteen percent of each Technical University's expenditure on Library’s Technology infrastructure.
本研究是关于加纳技术大学图书馆采用技术接受模式:对高等院校教育的启示。揭示了与本研究相关的技术接受模型理论的概念。描述性研究采用了20个技术大学图书馆员作为研究样本。调查结果显示,90%的受访者透露,他们的学生无法访问在线数字资源,如开放公共访问目录(OPAC)、电子书、电子期刊和其他电子数据库。网络问题;服务器速度慢,数字资源频繁崩溃。这对技术高等教育的影响是,在这个数字时代,较少利用技术获取知识的学生将在他们的研究、学习和作业过程中落后。这项研究建议,全球技术中心应强制执行每所技术大学用于图书馆技术基础设施的支出的10%至15%。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Perceptual-Semantic Blindness in Solving Semantic Problems with Visual Means Containing the Solution 知觉-语义盲目性对包含解的视觉手段解决语义问题的影响
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.03.01.01
In the light of the Cultural-Historical Theory (L.S. Vygotsky) and the Theory of Transcendental Psychology of Perception (A.I. Mirakyan), the author considers the position and functional role of the perceptual process in the development of the mind of an adult. The hypothesis is that the functional role of perception in the mind of the person at the end of its period of maturation is subordinate to the higher mental functions, in particular, the process of thinking, which is based on the search for a person available memory capacity and the possibility of finding knowledge in the relevant external sources. Therefore, in semantic terms, visual perception can be excluded from a conscious process of finding semantic solutions. This suggests the subordinate function of visual perception in cognitive adult life and the virtually automatic nature of the process that serves the knowledge-based development opportunities. In this context, we presented and experimentally tested on 30 students the effect of perceptual-semantic blindness, which shows that the mental process of solving semantic tasks is in the main ignoring additional visual stimuli containing the solution in the general visual field. In contrast to inattentional blindness, these stimuli are constantly presented in the field of vision and perceptual blindness was due not so much to inattention, but semantic processes. The presented effect of perceptual-semantic blindness is clearly expressed in more than 60% of cases (up to 100% for graphical variants). This situation can be regarded as the result of a kind of sociocultural development, formed in the conditions of modern information technology society. It also points to the need for special and purposeful perceptual-cognitive training as one of the effective means of using unclaimed perceptual possibilities to avoid the phenomena of perceptual-semantic blindness. These means are especially important for the educational process.
从维果茨基的文化历史理论和米拉金的先验知觉心理学理论出发,探讨了知觉过程在成人心智发展中的地位和功能作用。假设是,在人的心智成熟期结束时,感知的功能作用从属于更高的心理功能,特别是思维过程,这是基于对一个人可用记忆容量的搜索和在相关外部来源中发现知识的可能性。因此,在语义方面,视觉感知可以被排除在寻找语义解决方案的有意识过程之外。这表明视觉感知在认知成人生活中的从属功能和服务于基于知识的发展机会的过程的几乎自动的性质。在此背景下,我们对30名学生进行了感知语义盲视效应的实验测试,结果表明,在解决语义任务的心理过程中,主要忽略了在一般视野中包含解决方案的额外视觉刺激。与无意失明相反,这些刺激不断出现在视野中,知觉失明与其说是由于注意力不集中,不如说是由于语义过程。超过60%的病例明显表现出感知语义盲的影响(图形变体高达100%)。这种情况可以看作是在现代信息技术社会条件下形成的一种社会文化发展的结果。它还指出,有必要进行特殊的、有目的的感知认知训练,作为利用未知的感知可能性来避免感知语义盲目性现象的有效手段之一。这些手段对教育过程尤为重要。
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引用次数: 0
Development, Feasibility, and Post-Training Outcomes of the STAC Teacher Training: A Companion Program for a Brief, Bystander Bullying Intervention STAC教师培训的发展、可行性和培训后的结果:一个简短的同伴计划,旁观者欺凌干预
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.04.01
The purpose of this study was to develop a companion Teacher Training for a brief, bystander bullying intervention (STAC) and to assess feasibility and post-training outcomes. Although research supports the efficacy of the STAC intervention, training teachers to support student “defenders” may enhance the program’s impact. A mixed-methods design with sequential sampling was used with qualitative focus group data and quantitative survey data. The researchers used Consensual Qualitative Research to analyze qualitative data and independent sample t-tests to analyze qualitative data. Teachers (N =18) from one high school in an urban community were recruited for the study. We used a phased research approach to meet the study aims. In Phase 1, teachers participated in focus groups to develop content for the training. Qualitative themes that emerged included identification of barriers to intervening in bullying, gaps in teacher knowledge, suggestions for supporting students to report bullying to teachers, the need for a supportive school culture, and attitudes toward students who bully. In Phase 2, we created the STAC Teacher Training based on the literature and feedback from participants in Phase 1. The 50-minute training includes 1) normative feedback regarding beliefs about bullying, 2) a didactic component that includes information about bullying, a description of the student STAC strategies, and corresponding teacher strategies used to support student “defenders” and 3) an experiential component for strategy practice. In Phase 3, we trained a sub-set of teachers (N = 8) in the STAC Teacher Training to evaluate feasibility and post-training outcomes. Results supported training feasibility and teachers reported an increase in knowledge, confidence to support students to act as “defenders”, as well as confidence, comfort, and self-efficacy in intervening in bullying situations. This study serves as a first step in developing a companion Teacher Training for the STAC intervention.
本研究的目的是开发一种简短的、旁观者欺凌干预(STAC)的配套教师培训,并评估可行性和培训后的结果。尽管研究支持STAC干预的有效性,但培训教师支持学生“捍卫者”可能会增强该计划的影响。采用连续抽样的混合方法设计,采用定性焦点小组数据和定量调查数据。研究人员使用共识定性研究来分析定性数据,独立样本t检验来分析定性数据。本研究招募了一所城市社区高中的教师(N =18)。为了达到研究目的,我们采用了阶段性的研究方法。在第一阶段,教师参与焦点小组,制定培训内容。出现的定性主题包括确定干预欺凌的障碍、教师知识的差距、支持学生向教师报告欺凌的建议、支持性学校文化的必要性以及对欺凌学生的态度。在第二阶段,我们根据文献和第一阶段参与者的反馈创建了STAC教师培训。50分钟的训练包括:1)关于霸凌信念的规范性反馈;2)包括霸凌信息的教学部分,学生STAC策略的描述,以及用于支持学生“捍卫者”的相应教师策略;3)策略实践的体验部分。在第三阶段,我们在STAC教师培训中培训了一组教师(N = 8),以评估可行性和培训后的结果。结果支持培训的可行性,教师报告了支持学生充当“捍卫者”的知识和信心的增加,以及干预欺凌情况的信心、安慰和自我效能感的增加。本研究是为STAC干预发展配套教师培训的第一步。
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引用次数: 2
School-Related Barriers that might be Impeding Academic Success for African American Girls 与学校有关的障碍可能会阻碍非裔美国女孩的学业成功
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.03.02
This study explored African American girls’ perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and teachers’ perceptions to understand the unique impact of each on educational outcomes for African American girls compared to girls from other racial/ethnic groups. The sample included 2,384 7th grade girls. In this multi-informant study, girls completed a survey that included ratings of perceived teacher discrimination, teachers rated the girls on academic engagement and antisocial behavior, and end-of-the-year GPA for each girl was gathered from school records data. One-way ANOVA revealed a main effect of race/ethnicity, such that African American girls reported higher levels of racial/ethnic discrimination, had a lower GPA, and were rated by their teachers as less engaged and more anti-social compared to Asian, Latinx, and white girls. Regression analysis revealed that, compared to white and Asian girls, low teacher perceived engagement was related to lower achievement for African American girls. These results highlight the need to analyze the educational experiences that African American girls are facing.
本研究探讨了非裔美国女孩对种族/民族歧视的感知和教师的感知,以了解与其他种族/民族群体的女孩相比,每一种对非裔美国女孩教育成果的独特影响。样本包括2384名七年级女生。在这项多信息的研究中,女孩们完成了一项调查,其中包括对教师歧视的感知评分,教师对女孩的学业投入和反社会行为进行评分,并从学校记录数据中收集每个女孩的年终GPA。单因素方差分析揭示了种族/民族的主要影响,例如,与亚洲、拉丁裔和白人女孩相比,非洲裔美国女孩报告的种族/民族歧视程度较高,GPA较低,并且被老师评为参与度较低,更反社会。回归分析显示,与白人和亚洲女孩相比,教师感知参与度低与非洲裔美国女孩的成绩较低有关。这些结果突出了分析非裔美国女孩所面临的教育经历的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
An Examination of College Student Academic Social Supports with Diverse College Students 不同类型大学生学业社会支持的考察
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.03.01
This study examined the validity of seven academic support scales and their relationships with demographics, achievement and retention of diverse college students. In study one, 207 students completed an online survey containing five scales assessing student perceptions of faculty, university, family and peer supports. Exploratory factor analysis results supported the hypothesized five-factor structure. In study two, 633 students responded to the five initial scales and two additional scales related to family and peers to replicate and extend the factor structure. EFA results supported the hypothesized seven-factor structure. In study three, we examined relationships between the academic social support scales, student demographics, college GPA and fourth semester retention. Demographic differences were present on student perceptions of faculty, university community, family academic discussions, family college persistence, and family financial supports. Moreover, the academic social supports predicted college GPA across four semesters and fourth semester retention. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
本研究考察了七种学业支持量表的效度及其与人口统计学、学业成就和留校率的关系。在研究一中,207名学生完成了一项在线调查,其中包含五个量表,评估学生对教师、大学、家庭和同伴支持的看法。探索性因子分析结果支持假设的五因子结构。在研究二中,633名学生对五个初始量表和两个与家庭和同伴相关的额外量表进行了回应,以复制和扩展因素结构。EFA结果支持假设的七因素结构。在研究三中,我们考察了学业社会支持量表、学生人口统计学、大学GPA和第四学期留校率之间的关系。学生对教师、大学社区、家庭学术讨论、家庭大学坚持和家庭经济支持的看法存在人口统计学差异。学业社会支持对大学四学期GPA和第四学期留校率有预测作用。讨论了对研究和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 2
Diabetes control and metabolism maintenance during COVID-19 period in comparison to three other periods using GH-Method: math-physical medicine (No. 288) 利用GH-Method:数理医学(288号)对比新冠肺炎期间与其他三个时期的糖尿病控制和代谢维持
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.03.04
This paper describes the author’s quantitative results of diabetes control and metabolism maintenance within a 4.5-year period covering two years from 7/1/2018 to 6/30/2020. Special attention has been placed on the COVID-19 quarantine period from 1/1/2020 to 6/30/2020. COVID-19 is more than 100 times worse than SARS that occurred in 2003, in terms of its spreading speed, fatality number, and emotional impact on the world population. People belonging to the “vulnerable” groups, such as the elderly with existing chronic diseases and history of complications, or people with psychological disorders, who require special attention to their health conditions and lifestyle management during this quarantine period. However, during this time, the author has achieved better results on both of his diabetes control and metabolism management. The knowledge and experience he has acquired in the past 10 years of medical research and his developed MI model and diabetes prediction tools have assisted him in many ways. As a result, he has turned the COVID-19 crisis into his health advantage!
本文描述了作者在2018年7月1日至2020年6月30日的两年半时间内对糖尿病控制和代谢维持的定量结果。特别注意的是2020年1月1日至2020年6月30日的新冠肺炎隔离期。COVID-19在传播速度、死亡人数和对世界人口的情感影响方面比2003年发生的SARS严重100倍以上。属于"弱势"群体的人,如患有慢性病和并发症史的老年人,或有心理障碍的人,在隔离期间需要特别关注他们的健康状况和生活方式管理。然而,在此期间,笔者在糖尿病控制和代谢管理方面都取得了较好的效果。他在过去10年的医学研究中获得的知识和经验以及他开发的心肌梗死模型和糖尿病预测工具在很多方面帮助了他。结果,他把COVID-19危机变成了他的健康优势!
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引用次数: 2
Re-Designing, Humanizing and Globalizing Higher ducation: Disruptive Strategies for Business School Leadership from the Bottom Up 高等教育的重新设计、人性化和全球化:商学院自下而上领导的颠覆性策略
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.03.03
This paper highlights disruptive strategies to move students from the classroom and traditional business education to using their skills in impoverished villages in the Third World. Beginning in the late 1990s, innovations were designed by faculty and students to roll out a pro-poor agenda that includes the following: Student-led microfinance NGO spinoffs, accounting school faculty and students offering financial training and services, MPA student initiatives that assist African village leaders, annual social entrepreneurship conferences, the establishing of a campus center for economic self-reliance, and more. We will describe the leadership processes that evolved as these and other campus programs were established and rolled out to effect real social change across the globe. As described below, many of these efforts began at the lower level of the university, among students and professors, not at the top. However, this kind of higher education leadership from below promises exciting and path-breaking new strategies for higher education scholars and practitioners everywhere, especially within the context of schools of management.
本文重点介绍了将学生从课堂和传统商业教育中转移到第三世界贫困农村使用其技能的破坏性策略。从20世纪90年代末开始,教师和学生开始设计创新,推出了一个扶贫议程,包括以下内容:学生主导的小额信贷非政府组织的衍生项目,会计学院的教师和学生提供金融培训和服务,MPA学生协助非洲村庄领导人的倡议,年度社会创业会议,建立一个经济自立的校园中心,等等。我们将描述随着这些和其他校园项目的建立和推广而演变的领导过程,这些项目在全球范围内影响着真正的社会变革。正如下面所描述的,许多这样的努力是从大学的底层开始的,在学生和教授之间,而不是在高层。然而,这种自下而上的高等教育领导为各地的高等教育学者和实践者提供了令人兴奋和开创性的新战略,尤其是在管理学院的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
psychological and social implications of students with speech and language disorders from the point of view of specialists and ways to treat them in the northern West Bank - Palestine 从专家的角度看言语和语言障碍学生的心理和社会影响以及在西岸-巴勒斯坦北部治疗他们的方法
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.33140/jepr.02.03.05
This study aimed to identify the psychological and social effects of students with speech and language disorders from the point of view of specialists and ways to address them in the West Bank governorates, as well as to identify the role of the study variables, and to achieve the goal of the study a questionnaire was developed and its sincerity and stability factor were confirmed, and after an operation the collection of questionnaires was encoded and entered to the computer. The computer was used to analyze the data by the statistical packages program. The study reached the following results: 1. The stability coefficient (93%), which is an excellent stability coefficient that meets the objectives of the study. 2. The size of the study sample for speech therapy centers was 25 3. The percentage of psychological and social effects on students with speech and language disorders from the point of view of specialists and ways of treating them in the Nablus governorate (74%) is high. 4. It was found that there are no statistically significant differences in there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a≤0.05) psychological and social effects on students with speech and language disorders from the point of view of the specialists and ways to address them in the Nablus governorate due to the variable of gender, age, specialization Scientific. Based on the Results of the Study, the Researcher Recommends the Following Recommendations: 1. The need to pay attention to the role of parental treatment methods in developing linguistic development among children as a priority, by holding courses for parents, to train them on how to deal with their children in building linguistic growth. 2. The teacher education programs in universities include courses related to the detection of speech and speech disorders, and how to deal with them. 3. Caring for group school activities, especially in the field of sports activities, committees, and school radio
本研究旨在识别学生的心理和社会影响的演讲和语言障碍从专家的观点和方法来解决这些问题在约旦河西岸个省,以及确定研究变量的作用,和实现研究问卷调查的目的是开发和其真诚和稳定因素被证实,手术后的问卷编码,输入电脑。利用计算机上的统计软件包程序对数据进行分析。研究得出以下结论:1。稳定性系数(93%),这是一个很好的稳定性系数,满足了研究的目的。2. 语言治疗中心的研究样本规模为253。在纳布卢斯省,从专家和治疗方法的角度来看,言语和语言障碍学生的心理和社会影响百分比很高(74%)。4. 研究发现,纳布卢斯省语言障碍患者的心理和社会影响在专家和解决方法方面的显著性水平(a≤0.05)差异无统计学意义(a≤0.05),由于性别、年龄、专业科学的变量。基于研究结果,研究者提出以下建议:需要重视父母的治疗方法在促进儿童语言发展方面的作用,作为优先事项,为父母举办课程,培训他们如何在促进儿童语言发展方面与他们打交道。2. 大学的教师教育课程包括与语言和语言障碍的检测以及如何处理相关的课程。3.关心学校的集体活动,特别是在体育活动、委员会和学校广播方面
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Psychological and Educational Research
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