Due to the inherent inefficiencies in conventional approaches followed in the construction industry and the global demand for lean and sustainable construction techniques, modular construction has witnessed a resurge especially in high-rise buildings. As such, much efforts have been put in studying the use of mass timber for the main structure of high-rise buildings in order to ensure more sustainable developments with high levels of adaptability. In this regard, previous research efforts have primarily focused on the added benefits of mass timber, its structural design and performance, and associated safety requirements. However, owing to the novelty in combining modular processes with timber materials and associated lack of data, several regulatory barriers and contractual issues still exist. To mitigate these issues, this paper studies the specifics of permit approvals and contracting issues in timber high-rise modular buildings. The objective is to develop a comprehensive up-to-date review and analysis of the relevant practices and to conduct interviews with industry experts to analyze their concerns, given the insufficient number of guides and building codes that dealt with these issues. Hence, our study investigates the process of obtaining permit approvals from local jurisdictions in Ontario in addition to the requirements for submission of additional documentation, engineering analysis, and testing. Moreover, it analyzes the initial stage of contractual agreement of stakeholders under the uncertainties imposed on these buildings and evaluates the suitability of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) contracting method. Presenting detailed analysis of the initial planning stages for timber high-rise modular buildings can in turn suggest the best practices to be taken into consideration for the successful implementation of these buildings under the current building code.
{"title":"Mass Timber in High-Rise Buildings: Modular Design and Construction; Permitting and Contracting Issues","authors":"Dalia H. Dorrah, T. El-Diraby","doi":"10.29173/MOCS134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS134","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the inherent inefficiencies in conventional approaches followed in the construction industry and the global demand for lean and sustainable construction techniques, modular construction has witnessed a resurge especially in high-rise buildings. As such, much efforts have been put in studying the use of mass timber for the main structure of high-rise buildings in order to ensure more sustainable developments with high levels of adaptability. In this regard, previous research efforts have primarily focused on the added benefits of mass timber, its structural design and performance, and associated safety requirements. However, owing to the novelty in combining modular processes with timber materials and associated lack of data, several regulatory barriers and contractual issues still exist. To mitigate these issues, this paper studies the specifics of permit approvals and contracting issues in timber high-rise modular buildings. The objective is to develop a comprehensive up-to-date review and analysis of the relevant practices and to conduct interviews with industry experts to analyze their concerns, given the insufficient number of guides and building codes that dealt with these issues. Hence, our study investigates the process of obtaining permit approvals from local jurisdictions in Ontario in addition to the requirements for submission of additional documentation, engineering analysis, and testing. Moreover, it analyzes the initial stage of contractual agreement of stakeholders under the uncertainties imposed on these buildings and evaluates the suitability of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) contracting method. Presenting detailed analysis of the initial planning stages for timber high-rise modular buildings can in turn suggest the best practices to be taken into consideration for the successful implementation of these buildings under the current building code.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130819350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrialized Housing (IH), also referred to as prefabrication, preassembly, modularization, and/or off-site fabrication, is a growing strategy for constructing housing. IH offers potential for significant reduction of environmental impact in comparison to traditional housing construction. Past research used methods such as environmental impact assessment on given case study buildings or expert’s opinions to identify the benefits and drawbacks present on the lifecycle of houses constructed partially or fully using IH methods. Nevertheless, this literature is scattered across several sources and units of analysis. The specific factors of IH that contribute to environmental impact reduction have not been comprehensively reviewed and summarized from design considerations up to the end of life possibilities. In this paper, a systematic literature review is performed on the environmental implications of the industrialized way of constructing residential buildings. From a review of 49 journal publications, this paper identifies 18 key factors that influence the environmental performance of such residential buildings. These factors are categorized into the following lifecycle phases of the IH process: a) system design, b) material design, c) manufacturing and logistics, d) transportation and assembly, e) Operational phase, and f) end of life. Findings reveal the importance of decisions made in design phases such as choice of materials, which in turn show a snowball effect throughout the phases. A final category – g) support and hindrance of IH - includes a discussion of external factors such as building codes and regulatory policies and their impact on IH performance.
{"title":"Assessing the Environmental Implications of Industrialized Housing: a Systematic Literature Review","authors":"F. Kedir, D. Hall","doi":"10.29173/MOCS109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS109","url":null,"abstract":"Industrialized Housing (IH), also referred to as prefabrication, preassembly, modularization, and/or off-site fabrication, is a growing strategy for constructing housing. IH offers potential for significant reduction of environmental impact in comparison to traditional housing construction. Past research used methods such as environmental impact assessment on given case study buildings or expert’s opinions to identify the benefits and drawbacks present on the lifecycle of houses constructed partially or fully using IH methods. Nevertheless, this literature is scattered across several sources and units of analysis. The specific factors of IH that contribute to environmental impact reduction have not been comprehensively reviewed and summarized from design considerations up to the end of life possibilities. In this paper, a systematic literature review is performed on the environmental implications of the industrialized way of constructing residential buildings. From a review of 49 journal publications, this paper identifies 18 key factors that influence the environmental performance of such residential buildings. These factors are categorized into the following lifecycle phases of the IH process: a) system design, b) material design, c) manufacturing and logistics, d) transportation and assembly, e) Operational phase, and f) end of life. Findings reveal the importance of decisions made in design phases such as choice of materials, which in turn show a snowball effect throughout the phases. A final category – g) support and hindrance of IH - includes a discussion of external factors such as building codes and regulatory policies and their impact on IH performance.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130869420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social interaction is critical to the physical and intellectual well-being of a functioning democracy. The excessive influence of technology and lack of urban design and planning’s attention to pedestrian experience has caused our interactions to become more private, isolated, and mostly virtual. The following project presents the product of a design-build studio which uses adaptive/Kinetic systems to generate a creative solution to this social problem. Specifically, it will showcase the efforts of students working on a Parklet project, repurposing urban space to advance local business ethics and social justice issues. The Parklet replaces a parking space, fostering increases in social connections, public vibrancy, and support for local businesses. To move beyond schematic design, and offer students an experiment in real-world design issues, this studio provided a hands-on atmosphere for collaborative and consensus design experience, learning-by-doing, detailing challenges, and offsite construction strategies. It was structured to promote lessons in collaboration, construction detailing and process, and adaptive design, including working with city officials to meet code and zoning regulations. Since the project’s site is located in a neighboring city, students prefabricated the pieces in school and shipped and assembled them on site in one day. The studio sought to promote CAAD education, teaching design, and construction, but also innovation and entrepreneurship, through computational technology. The pedagogical framework was defined around various considerations such as structural, functional, financial, aesthetical, technological, and collaboration with other disciplines such as structural engineering and construction management
{"title":"Parklet: A New Urban Platform for Emergent Forms of Communication and Social Interaction in the Cities","authors":"Mona Ghandi","doi":"10.29173/MOCS140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS140","url":null,"abstract":"Social interaction is critical to the physical and intellectual well-being of a functioning democracy. The excessive influence of technology and lack of urban design and planning’s attention to pedestrian experience has caused our interactions to become more private, isolated, and mostly virtual. The following project presents the product of a design-build studio which uses adaptive/Kinetic systems to generate a creative solution to this social problem. Specifically, it will showcase the efforts of students working on a Parklet project, repurposing urban space to advance local business ethics and social justice issues. The Parklet replaces a parking space, fostering increases in social connections, public vibrancy, and support for local businesses. To move beyond schematic design, and offer students an experiment in real-world design issues, this studio provided a hands-on atmosphere for collaborative and consensus design experience, learning-by-doing, detailing challenges, and offsite construction strategies. It was structured to promote lessons in collaboration, construction detailing and process, and adaptive design, including working with city officials to meet code and zoning regulations. Since the project’s site is located in a neighboring city, students prefabricated the pieces in school and shipped and assembled them on site in one day. The studio sought to promote CAAD education, teaching design, and construction, but also innovation and entrepreneurship, through computational technology. The pedagogical framework was defined around various considerations such as structural, functional, financial, aesthetical, technological, and collaboration with other disciplines such as structural engineering and construction management","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134465551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Design for disassembly (DfD) is a promising sustainable design paradigm for the construction sector development. Thus, the study provides a critical review on the principle of design for disassembly for a period of 8year. The study revealed that documentation of materials and methods, standardization of components and use mechanical joints instead of chemical joints were most frequent principle that are used for design for disassembly. The finding revealed that authors from Australia, United Kingdom and United states have made the most contribution to principles on DfD. Moreover, the study has provided a checklist to promote this design paradigm.
{"title":"Critical Review of the Principles of Design for Disassembly","authors":"E. Kissi, M. Ansah, Johnson Ampofo, E. Boakye","doi":"10.29173/MOCS101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS101","url":null,"abstract":"Design for disassembly (DfD) is a promising sustainable design paradigm for the construction sector development. Thus, the study provides a critical review on the principle of design for disassembly for a period of 8year. The study revealed that documentation of materials and methods, standardization of components and use mechanical joints instead of chemical joints were most frequent principle that are used for design for disassembly. The finding revealed that authors from Australia, United Kingdom and United states have made the most contribution to principles on DfD. Moreover, the study has provided a checklist to promote this design paradigm.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121811972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Monsberger, G. Schickhofer, A. Magg, Konstantin Ganster, M. Neumayer, T. Bretterklieber, C. Kaufmann
The market for modular buildings based on prefabricated room modules made of cross-laminated timber (CLT) is rapidly growing in Europe. Short construction times combined with high construction quality due to prefabrication are highly attractive features of this construction method. While structural design aspects have been steadily improved, only little attention has been paid to mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) systems so far. However, the integration of water-bearing pipes and surface seals must be done with great care, since a permanent exposure of the timber construction to moisture caused by leaks may result in biological degradation of the wooden structure. The risk of moisture damage can be reduced by decreasing the length of horizontal piping by means of intelligent pipe routing. In addition, sensor technology can be used to detect water leaks in critical areas where other measures fail to provide sufficient protection. Both aspects are addressed in this paper. First, the results of an analysis of nine completed construction projects based on CLT modules including hotels, student residences, nursing homes, and health care centers are presented. The projects were used to identify the current state of practice regarding the design of CLT room modules with respect to the integration of MEP installations. In a next step, general strategies for a safe integration of MEP installations in timber buildings are outlined. A bathroom layout with optimized pipe routing based on three individual shafts is chosen to show the application of these strategies. The approach enables a considerable reduction of horizontal pipe length while maintaining the functional and architectural requirements of the room module. Finally, a new planar sensor for detecting water leaks is presented. The results were developed in the research project SensGT and will lead to standardized solutions for a safe integration of MEP installations in CLT room modules.
{"title":"Strategies for a Safe Integration of Water-Bearing MEP Systems in Prefabricated CLT Room Modules","authors":"M. Monsberger, G. Schickhofer, A. Magg, Konstantin Ganster, M. Neumayer, T. Bretterklieber, C. Kaufmann","doi":"10.29173/MOCS119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS119","url":null,"abstract":"The market for modular buildings based on prefabricated room modules made of cross-laminated timber (CLT) is rapidly growing in Europe. Short construction times combined with high construction quality due to prefabrication are highly attractive features of this construction method. While structural design aspects have been steadily improved, only little attention has been paid to mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) systems so far. However, the integration of water-bearing pipes and surface seals must be done with great care, since a permanent exposure of the timber construction to moisture caused by leaks may result in biological degradation of the wooden structure. The risk of moisture damage can be reduced by decreasing the length of horizontal piping by means of intelligent pipe routing. In addition, sensor technology can be used to detect water leaks in critical areas where other measures fail to provide sufficient protection. Both aspects are addressed in this paper. First, the results of an analysis of nine completed construction projects based on CLT modules including hotels, student residences, nursing homes, and health care centers are presented. The projects were used to identify the current state of practice regarding the design of CLT room modules with respect to the integration of MEP installations. In a next step, general strategies for a safe integration of MEP installations in timber buildings are outlined. A bathroom layout with optimized pipe routing based on three individual shafts is chosen to show the application of these strategies. The approach enables a considerable reduction of horizontal pipe length while maintaining the functional and architectural requirements of the room module. Finally, a new planar sensor for detecting water leaks is presented. The results were developed in the research project SensGT and will lead to standardized solutions for a safe integration of MEP installations in CLT room modules.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125192479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrialization of building construction through offsite construction and modularization is an effective approach for improving performance of construction projects. In a modular construction approach, building components are produced in a well-controlled factory environment. The components are then delivered to site, in sequence, for installation by site crews. This process reduces construction waste, improves product quality, and minimizes onsite safety incidents. As the market conditions are rapidly changing, the demand for more customized and unique products is increasing. Customers increasingly demand customized dwellings to reflect their cultural tastes and personal preferences. Cabinets in the house, kitchen or otherwise, are building components that constitute a large portion of the visible customization that customers are interested in. This paper focuses on the analysis of records in Non-Conformance Reports (NCRs) at a cabinet manufacturing facility in Alberta, Canada. An NCR record represents a defect in any product that needs a repair or rework; it captures several attributes of the defective part, such as the job number, wood species, stain, the date and time when the record is created, etc. The systematic approach presented in this study employs data analytics to the collection, cleaning, and analysis of the NCR dataset. The dataset is first analyzed as per existing operations. Various data pre-processing techniques, including attribute and instance selection and transformation, are then applied to clean the dataset. The results show that most of the “Rework” results from administrative or product handling errors, while the majority of “Repairs” result from product finishing errors. The impact of repairing the defective parts is discussed, and recommendations to reduce the number of NCRs and thereby enhance the performance of operations are presented.
{"title":"Data Analytics Application for Non-Conformance Reports in a Cabinet Manufacturing Facility","authors":"Osama M. Mohsen, Y. Mohamed, M. Al-Hussein","doi":"10.29173/MOCS112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS112","url":null,"abstract":"Industrialization of building construction through offsite construction and modularization is an effective approach for improving performance of construction projects. In a modular construction approach, building components are produced in a well-controlled factory environment. The components are then delivered to site, in sequence, for installation by site crews. This process reduces construction waste, improves product quality, and minimizes onsite safety incidents. As the market conditions are rapidly changing, the demand for more customized and unique products is increasing. Customers increasingly demand customized dwellings to reflect their cultural tastes and personal preferences. Cabinets in the house, kitchen or otherwise, are building components that constitute a large portion of the visible customization that customers are interested in. This paper focuses on the analysis of records in Non-Conformance Reports (NCRs) at a cabinet manufacturing facility in Alberta, Canada. An NCR record represents a defect in any product that needs a repair or rework; it captures several attributes of the defective part, such as the job number, wood species, stain, the date and time when the record is created, etc. The systematic approach presented in this study employs data analytics to the collection, cleaning, and analysis of the NCR dataset. The dataset is first analyzed as per existing operations. Various data pre-processing techniques, including attribute and instance selection and transformation, are then applied to clean the dataset. The results show that most of the “Rework” results from administrative or product handling errors, while the majority of “Repairs” result from product finishing errors. The impact of repairing the defective parts is discussed, and recommendations to reduce the number of NCRs and thereby enhance the performance of operations are presented.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121396057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction is a major industry in Alberta due to its significant contribution to GDP and employment. Poor communication and inadequate information flow can lead to poor performance on construction projects, in terms of cost, schedule, and quality. Construction 4.0 promotes the implementation of modern information technologies to encourage the digitization of the construction industry and its supply chain. Efficient information flow in the construction supply chain is key for enabling Construction 4.0 and improving the performance of construction projects. This study presents the results of a survey on tools currently used in Alberta’s construction industry to exchange information. Results show that Alberta’s construction industry mainly depends on emails, meetings, and phone calls to exchange information among stakeholders. These tools are shown to be inefficient means of communication because of delays they arise in providing information, and because of their limitations in storing and disseminating information, which hinders knowledge creation and innovation.
{"title":"A Survey on Information Flow Tools in Alberta’s Construction Industry","authors":"Mohammad Abdelghani, J. Doucette, Rafiq Ahmad","doi":"10.29173/MOCS131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS131","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is a major industry in Alberta due to its significant contribution to GDP and employment. Poor communication and inadequate information flow can lead to poor performance on construction projects, in terms of cost, schedule, and quality. Construction 4.0 promotes the implementation of modern information technologies to encourage the digitization of the construction industry and its supply chain. Efficient information flow in the construction supply chain is key for enabling Construction 4.0 and improving the performance of construction projects. This study presents the results of a survey on tools currently used in Alberta’s construction industry to exchange information. Results show that Alberta’s construction industry mainly depends on emails, meetings, and phone calls to exchange information among stakeholders. These tools are shown to be inefficient means of communication because of delays they arise in providing information, and because of their limitations in storing and disseminating information, which hinders knowledge creation and innovation.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121833991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. B. Odubiyi, D. Aghimien, C. Aigbavboa, W. Thwala
In the construction industry worldwide there is a recognizable gap between academics construction knowledge and its application, and construction knowledge and application as seen in field of practice. In Nigeria, the Quantity surveying profession like other professions in the industry, suffers this same fate. It is based on this that this paper identified the possible factors causing gap between the two divisions. A survey approach was adopted, and questionnaire was used to gather data from construction professionals both in practice and in academics, Ondo State. Data gathered were analyzed using percentage, mean item score and Mann-Whitney U Test. Findings revealed that the major factors contributing to gap are majorly more theoretical knowledge than practical, inadequacy in educational curriculum, slow adoption of innovations and inadequate trained personnel. The two categories of respondents( practicing respondents and those in academics) believes that the most important factor that can help and in bridge the gap between QS in Academics and QS in practice is frequent organizing workshop, lectures and seminars which has been identified by past literature. Openness to new innovations, equilibrium of theoretical and practical knowledge, are the closely following factors. This study contributes to body of knowledge on this subject of discuss.
{"title":"Bridging the Gap between Academic and Practice Quantity Surveying in Nigerian Construction Industry","authors":"T. B. Odubiyi, D. Aghimien, C. Aigbavboa, W. Thwala","doi":"10.29173/MOCS135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS135","url":null,"abstract":"In the construction industry worldwide there is a recognizable gap between academics construction knowledge and its application, and construction knowledge and application as seen in field of practice. In Nigeria, the Quantity surveying profession like other professions in the industry, suffers this same fate. It is based on this that this paper identified the possible factors causing gap between the two divisions. A survey approach was adopted, and questionnaire was used to gather data from construction professionals both in practice and in academics, Ondo State. Data gathered were analyzed using percentage, mean item score and Mann-Whitney U Test. Findings revealed that the major factors contributing to gap are majorly more theoretical knowledge than practical, inadequacy in educational curriculum, slow adoption of innovations and inadequate trained personnel. The two categories of respondents( practicing respondents and those in academics) believes that the most important factor that can help and in bridge the gap between QS in Academics and QS in practice is frequent organizing workshop, lectures and seminars which has been identified by past literature. Openness to new innovations, equilibrium of theoretical and practical knowledge, are the closely following factors. This study contributes to body of knowledge on this subject of discuss.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114075263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction industry is facing productivity stagnation across the globe, and several hypotheses to explain this phenomenon exist, most often associated with low use of digitisation, skills shortages and unpredictable market trends. Yet the economic context is more multi-faceted and the different economic drivers are closely interconnected, however research typically addresses each in isolation. This research paper aims to decipher the influence of key economic drivers on the economy, using the UK context as a barometer for international trends, and proposes how offsite technologies with varying levels of value added in the factory may be utilised to mitigate economic challenges. To achieve this, two key objectives were set: firstly to propose a theoretical framework supported by previous research on decision-support for offsite systems; and secondly to develop an infographic style visualisation to express this theoretical framework as an interactive tool. Following from the dual nature of the research objectives, the research employs a mixed methodology rooted in qualitative research techniques dealing with complex subject matters. A robust literature review with associated subsequent framework proposal was the first stage of the research, followed by data visualisation experiments and tools usability trials using focus group methods to collect preliminary data. The results indicated that there was existing evidence upon which to base the theoretical framework for enhancing economic impact using offsite solutions, with six key strands: sustainability, culture, human capital, productivity, digitisation and regulatory. However, the visualisation of this framework into an interactive tool was a novel concept and required an inter-disciplinary approach for data representation. Overall, this paper presents a unique qualitative tool, which can be utilised to simplify the concepts behind offsite construction and the potential economic impact of using offsite. The tool is aimed at decision-makers and stakeholders who may not be familiar with modern methods of construction, and those who would like to prioritise offsite benefits in a given scenario.
{"title":"Decision Support Tool for Enhancing the Economic Impact of Construction using Offsite Systems","authors":"Tsvetomila Duncheva, R. Hairstans","doi":"10.29173/MOCS84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS84","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is facing productivity stagnation across the globe, and several hypotheses to explain this phenomenon exist, most often associated with low use of digitisation, skills shortages and unpredictable market trends. Yet the economic context is more multi-faceted and the different economic drivers are closely interconnected, however research typically addresses each in isolation. This research paper aims to decipher the influence of key economic drivers on the economy, using the UK context as a barometer for international trends, and proposes how offsite technologies with varying levels of value added in the factory may be utilised to mitigate economic challenges. To achieve this, two key objectives were set: firstly to propose a theoretical framework supported by previous research on decision-support for offsite systems; and secondly to develop an infographic style visualisation to express this theoretical framework as an interactive tool. Following from the dual nature of the research objectives, the research employs a mixed methodology rooted in qualitative research techniques dealing with complex subject matters. A robust literature review with associated subsequent framework proposal was the first stage of the research, followed by data visualisation experiments and tools usability trials using focus group methods to collect preliminary data. The results indicated that there was existing evidence upon which to base the theoretical framework for enhancing economic impact using offsite solutions, with six key strands: sustainability, culture, human capital, productivity, digitisation and regulatory. However, the visualisation of this framework into an interactive tool was a novel concept and required an inter-disciplinary approach for data representation. Overall, this paper presents a unique qualitative tool, which can be utilised to simplify the concepts behind offsite construction and the potential economic impact of using offsite. The tool is aimed at decision-makers and stakeholders who may not be familiar with modern methods of construction, and those who would like to prioritise offsite benefits in a given scenario.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126540672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dardouri, Zakaria Dakhli, Andry Zaid Rabenantoandro, Z. Lafhaj
The intensity and rate of construction operations require logistics and transportation that can adapt to the changing nature of activities on a day-to-day basis of construction and that enable rapid decision-making. This paper aims to design an integrated RFID technology system for managing construction materials onsite. The integration includes managing materials during the front-end and the execution phases, managing the inventory, locating materials on site with Global Positioning System GPS, and developing Kanban systems for managing different stakeholders’ inputs onsite. The research also sheds the light into the effect of using RFID on leveraging valuable data. RFID systems can gather large amount of tag data via wireless connections.
{"title":"RFID-Integrated Software Platform for Construction Materials Management","authors":"S. Dardouri, Zakaria Dakhli, Andry Zaid Rabenantoandro, Z. Lafhaj","doi":"10.29173/MOCS129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/MOCS129","url":null,"abstract":"The intensity and rate of construction operations require logistics and transportation that can adapt to the changing nature of activities on a day-to-day basis of construction and that enable rapid decision-making. This paper aims to design an integrated RFID technology system for managing construction materials onsite. The integration includes managing materials during the front-end and the execution phases, managing the inventory, locating materials on site with Global Positioning System GPS, and developing Kanban systems for managing different stakeholders’ inputs onsite. The research also sheds the light into the effect of using RFID on leveraging valuable data. RFID systems can gather large amount of tag data via wireless connections.","PeriodicalId":422911,"journal":{"name":"Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125921852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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