Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39884
G. T. Suleiman, S. Adeyemi, A. Adeponle
{"title":"An overview of psychoactive substance use and misuse in Northern Nigeria","authors":"G. T. Suleiman, S. Adeyemi, A. Adeponle","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121859432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39876
B. Olley
{"title":"Factors influencing suicidality among recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in South Africa","authors":"B. Olley","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39876","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123702311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39880
R. Uwakwe
{"title":"Corruption and moral judgement - a study of a community in Nigeria","authors":"R. Uwakwe","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123726379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39888
A. J. Agara, A. B. Makanjuola
{"title":"Pattern and pathway of psychiatric presentation at the out-patient clinic of a neuro-psychiatric hospital in Nigeria","authors":"A. J. Agara, A. B. Makanjuola","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127480001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39886
S. Olotu, M. Nzegwu
{"title":"Death of a cannibis user who suffered a periapism: a case report","authors":"S. Olotu, M. Nzegwu","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39886","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115074584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-26DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39889
E. U. Onyeizugbu
{"title":"Prevalence of stuttering in primary school children in Nsukka, Nigeria","authors":"E. U. Onyeizugbu","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115849524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychogeriatrics services began in Nigeria in the 1960's with the work of Adeoye Lambo. Today, some limited progress has been made in services and a little more in research. A number of geriatric psychiatric clinics are available in some tertiary hospitals in the country, but there are significant unmet needs in clinical care. For example no hospital in Nigeria has admission unit designated to geriatric psychiatry, older adults with mental health problems are admitted to general adult psychiatric wards. It would appear that most important clinical condition in hospitals is dementia. Research has benefited tremendously from the collaborative study between the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and the Indiana University School of Medicine which lasted over 20 years. There has also been contribution from other groups. Future goals should be tailored to clinical outcome research and other intervention studies. Keywords : Psychogeriatrics, Services, Development, History, Nigeria.
{"title":"Psychogeriatrics and Psychogeriatric Services in Nigeria","authors":"O. Baiyewu, B. Bello","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V13I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V13I2","url":null,"abstract":"Psychogeriatrics services began in Nigeria in the 1960's with the work of Adeoye Lambo. Today, some limited progress has been made in services and a little more in research. A number of geriatric psychiatric clinics are available in some tertiary hospitals in the country, but there are significant unmet needs in clinical care. For example no hospital in Nigeria has admission unit designated to geriatric psychiatry, older adults with mental health problems are admitted to general adult psychiatric wards. It would appear that most important clinical condition in hospitals is dementia. Research has benefited tremendously from the collaborative study between the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and the Indiana University School of Medicine which lasted over 20 years. There has also been contribution from other groups. Future goals should be tailored to clinical outcome research and other intervention studies. Keywords : Psychogeriatrics, Services, Development, History, Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"52 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116831872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Difficulty in studying is one of the most commonly encountered symptoms amongst University students. This is frequently accompanied by varying degrees of psychological factors. This, perhaps, is because students are exposed to a specific set of occupational and environmental hazards. Apart from the frequency with which it is encountered, study difficulty can lead to the termination of the educational career of the students. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of study difficult as well as the extent of its relationship with psychiatric morbidity and academic performance amongst undergraduate students of a Nigerian University. Method: The study was carried out among undergraduate students of the University of Benin drawn from 7 of the 14 Faculties in the University. The design of the study was crosssectional. The study instrument consisted of the University College London Study Difficulty Questionnaire (UCLSQ), an instrument for measuring study difficulty; the 28- item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and a Section on Socio-Demographic Variables. A total of 1,125 students were selected from 7 Faculties by stratified random sampling. The questionnaires of 1,060 respondents were analysed. Results: A significant proportion of the students (4.5 – 15.3%) had study difficulty across the subscales of the UCLSQ. 33.5% of respondents were positive for GHQ morbidity. Study difficulty was strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity in 13.1 – 45.9% of cases. Study difficulty had significant negative impact on academic performance of the students. Conclusion: This study has shown that University students manifest a high level of study difficulty related to anxiety and obsessionality, and a high level of work satisfaction and syllabus boundness. The magnitude of the problem of study difficulty as revealed by this and previous studies is enormous. This underscores the importance of sincere concern to all issues relating to student mental health. Study difficulty is strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity. The implications for academic performance have been discussed. Key words: Study Difficulty, Psychiatry Morbidity, Academic Performance, Undergraduates
{"title":"Study Difficulty Amongst Undergraduates in a Nigerian University: Pattern and Relationship With Psychiatric Morbidity and Academic Performance.","authors":"S. Osasona, O. Morakinyo, Ko Akhibe","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Difficulty in studying is one of the most commonly encountered symptoms amongst University students. This is frequently accompanied by varying degrees of psychological factors. This, perhaps, is because students are exposed to a specific set of occupational and environmental hazards. Apart from the frequency with which it is encountered, study difficulty can lead to the termination of the educational career of the students. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of study difficult as well as the extent of its relationship with psychiatric morbidity and academic performance amongst undergraduate students of a Nigerian University. Method: The study was carried out among undergraduate students of the University of Benin drawn from 7 of the 14 Faculties in the University. The design of the study was crosssectional. The study instrument consisted of the University College London Study Difficulty Questionnaire (UCLSQ), an instrument for measuring study difficulty; the 28- item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and a Section on Socio-Demographic Variables. A total of 1,125 students were selected from 7 Faculties by stratified random sampling. The questionnaires of 1,060 respondents were analysed. Results: A significant proportion of the students (4.5 – 15.3%) had study difficulty across the subscales of the UCLSQ. 33.5% of respondents were positive for GHQ morbidity. Study difficulty was strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity in 13.1 – 45.9% of cases. Study difficulty had significant negative impact on academic performance of the students. Conclusion: This study has shown that University students manifest a high level of study difficulty related to anxiety and obsessionality, and a high level of work satisfaction and syllabus boundness. The magnitude of the problem of study difficulty as revealed by this and previous studies is enormous. This underscores the importance of sincere concern to all issues relating to student mental health. Study difficulty is strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity. The implications for academic performance have been discussed. Key words: Study Difficulty, Psychiatry Morbidity, Academic Performance, Undergraduates","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123541904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60094
D. Ukpong
Background: Research on measurement of anxiety in patients booked for surgery in Nigeria is sparse, even though heightened anxiety levels in such patients is commonly observed. Aims: The aim of the study presented here was to compare two well established standard measures of anxiety, the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and the State Version of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), in the measurement of anxiety in patients awaiting elective major surgery. Methods: Subjects booked for elective major surgery were consecutively recruited from the general surgery, orthopaedic sugery and gynaecology clinics of Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Osun state, Nigeria. A repeated measures design was used for the study.The VAS and STAI Scales were administered on the subjects the night before surgery and daily for each of the seven post operative days. Results:The VAS compared favourably with the STAI as a measure of anxiety in these patients especially in the post operative period. The pearson correlation coefficients, r, (VAS vs STAI) ranged from .29 to .55) demonstrating moderate concurrent validity in the measures. Analysis of scores for the two instruments using repeated measures ANOVA yielded equivalent results. Conclusion: The one-item VAS is a useful clinical tool for measuring anxiety in patients awaiting surgery. For some users it may require more than one administration to achieve mastery, however it compares favourably with the STAI in anxiety measurement. Setting up preoperative counseling clinics for patients booked for elective surgery may be useful in reducing preoperative anxiety. Key Words: Preoperative, postoperative, anxiety, elective surgery.
背景:对尼日利亚预约手术患者焦虑程度的测量研究很少，尽管这些患者的焦虑水平普遍升高。目的:本研究的目的是比较两种完善的标准焦虑测量方法，视觉模拟量表(VAS)和状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)，在等待择期大手术患者的焦虑测量中。方法:从尼日利亚Osun州Ilesa Wesley Guild医院普外科、骨科和妇科门诊连续招募预定进行选择性大手术的受试者。本研究采用重复测量设计。术前一晚和术后7天每天对受试者进行VAS和STAI评分。结果:在这些患者中，尤其是在手术后，VAS优于STAI作为焦虑的衡量标准。皮尔逊相关系数r (VAS vs STAI)范围为0.29至0.55)，表明测量方法的并发效度中等。使用重复测量方差分析对两种工具的得分进行分析，得出了相同的结果。结论:单项VAS是衡量候诊患者焦虑程度的有效工具。对于一些用户来说，它可能需要多次管理才能达到精通，但它在焦虑测量方面与STAI相比是有利的。为预定择期手术的患者设立术前咨询诊所可能有助于减少术前焦虑。关键词:术前，术后，焦虑，择期手术。
{"title":"Assessment of Preoperative and Postoperative Anxiety: A Comparison of Two Measures in Elective Major Surgery Patients.","authors":"D. Ukpong","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60094","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research on measurement of anxiety in patients booked for surgery in Nigeria is sparse, even though heightened anxiety levels in such patients is commonly observed. Aims: The aim of the study presented here was to compare two well established standard measures of anxiety, the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and the State Version of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), in the measurement of anxiety in patients awaiting elective major surgery. Methods: Subjects booked for elective major surgery were consecutively recruited from the general surgery, orthopaedic sugery and gynaecology clinics of Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Osun state, Nigeria. A repeated measures design was used for the study.The VAS and STAI Scales were administered on the subjects the night before surgery and daily for each of the seven post operative days. Results:The VAS compared favourably with the STAI as a measure of anxiety in these patients especially in the post operative period. The pearson correlation coefficients, r, (VAS vs STAI) ranged from .29 to .55) demonstrating moderate concurrent validity in the measures. Analysis of scores for the two instruments using repeated measures ANOVA yielded equivalent results. Conclusion: The one-item VAS is a useful clinical tool for measuring anxiety in patients awaiting surgery. For some users it may require more than one administration to achieve mastery, however it compares favourably with the STAI in anxiety measurement. Setting up preoperative counseling clinics for patients booked for elective surgery may be useful in reducing preoperative anxiety. Key Words: Preoperative, postoperative, anxiety, elective surgery.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132968202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69920
M. Bello-Mojeed, O. Ogun, O. Omigbodun, A. Adewuya, H. Ladapo
Background : Autistic disorder is a severe neuro-developmental disorder. In recent years, there has been an increased concern about the upsurge in the prevalence of autism. Psychiatrists and other clinicians have a pivotal role in its identification. Methods : This is a report of 2 cases of autistic disorder seen at a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic in Nigeria. Results : The first case was a boy (17 years) and the second was a girl (14 years). Both cases had severe impairments in social relationships, communication, and behaviour; masked by non-specific autistic symptoms. They were diagnosed late. Conclusion : The importance of early identification was illustrated. Factors implicated in late identification include non specific pattern of presentation, poor level of autism awareness, late referral to specialist centres and inadequate child psychiatric facilities in Nigeria. These should be reviewed and given urgent attention.
{"title":"Late Identification of Autistic Disorder in Nigeria: An Illustration with 2 Case Reports","authors":"M. Bello-Mojeed, O. Ogun, O. Omigbodun, A. Adewuya, H. Ladapo","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69920","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Autistic disorder is a severe neuro-developmental disorder. In recent years, there has been an increased concern about the upsurge in the prevalence of autism. Psychiatrists and other clinicians have a pivotal role in its identification. Methods : This is a report of 2 cases of autistic disorder seen at a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic in Nigeria. Results : The first case was a boy (17 years) and the second was a girl (14 years). Both cases had severe impairments in social relationships, communication, and behaviour; masked by non-specific autistic symptoms. They were diagnosed late. Conclusion : The importance of early identification was illustrated. Factors implicated in late identification include non specific pattern of presentation, poor level of autism awareness, late referral to specialist centres and inadequate child psychiatric facilities in Nigeria. These should be reviewed and given urgent attention.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133059722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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