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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: THE BASICS 知识产权:基础
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a7
Nidhi Shetty
This paper assesses the basics of intellectual property in India. It explains the various kinds of intellectual property in the international arena. The prevalence of intellectual property in India can be understood in the background of major international conventions that were introduced impacting the sector of intellectual property across the world and especially in India.
本文评估了印度知识产权的基本情况。它解释了国际舞台上的各种知识产权。知识产权在印度的盛行可以在主要国际公约的背景下理解,这些公约的引入影响了世界各地尤其是印度的知识产权部门。
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引用次数: 0
THE TECH SAVVY LAWYER – TECHNOLOGY FOR LEGAL PRACTITIONERS 精通技术的律师——法律从业者的技术
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a11
Nitu Subedi
Technology is the engine that propels the planet forward. It is the practical application of scientific knowledge, especially in industry. Legal technology (also known as legal tech) refers to the tools and applications that have a significant impact on how we use legal services in our everyday lives. Legal tech has come to be synonymous with technology startups that are transforming the legal profession by providing people with online software that decreases or removes the need to see a lawyer, or by linking people with lawyers more effectively through online marketplaces and lawyer-matching websites. Technology has had a profound influence on the practice of law in recent years. Legal information has fused with machine learning, and when combined with legal books, it has a wide variety of applications in all legal fields -corporate and government alike. The primary aim of this form of technical innovation has been to improve legal office performance and clerical work productivity. Management can now compare the performance of various divisions and cost centers within an enterprise thanks to the technologies used to track internal capacities. Technology is the engine that propels the planet forward. It is the practical application of scientific knowledge, especially in industry. Legal technology (also known as legal tech) refers to the tools and applications that have a significant impact on how we use legal services in our everyday lives. Legal tech has come to be synonymous with technology startups that are transforming the legal profession by providing people with online software that decreases or removes the need to see a lawyer, or by linking people with lawyers more effectively through online marketplaces and lawyer-matching websites. Technology has had a profound influence on the practice of law in recent years. Legal information has fused with machine learning, and when combined with legal books, it has a wide variety of applications in all legal fields -corporate and government alike. The primary aim of this form of technical innovation has been to improve legal office performance and clerical work productivity. Management can now compare the performance of various divisions and cost centers within an enterprise thanks to the technologies used to track internal capacities.
科技是推动地球前进的引擎。它是科学知识的实际应用,特别是在工业上的应用。法律技术(Legal technology)是指对我们日常生活中如何使用法律服务产生重大影响的工具和应用程序。法律科技已经成为科技创业公司的代名词,这些初创公司通过向人们提供减少或消除见律师需求的在线软件,或通过在线市场和律师匹配网站更有效地将人们与律师联系起来,从而改变了法律职业。近年来,技术对法律实践产生了深远的影响。法律信息与机器学习融合在一起,当与法律书籍结合在一起时,它在所有法律领域都有广泛的应用——企业和政府都一样。这种形式的技术创新的主要目的是提高法律办公室的业绩和文书工作的生产力。由于采用了跟踪内部产能的技术,管理人员现在可以比较企业内各个部门和成本中心的绩效。科技是推动地球前进的引擎。它是科学知识的实际应用,特别是在工业上的应用。法律技术(Legal technology)是指对我们日常生活中如何使用法律服务产生重大影响的工具和应用程序。法律科技已经成为科技创业公司的代名词,这些初创公司通过向人们提供减少或消除见律师需求的在线软件,或通过在线市场和律师匹配网站更有效地将人们与律师联系起来,从而改变了法律职业。近年来,技术对法律实践产生了深远的影响。法律信息与机器学习融合在一起,当与法律书籍结合在一起时,它在所有法律领域都有广泛的应用——企业和政府都一样。这种形式的技术创新的主要目的是提高法律办公室的业绩和文书工作的生产力。由于采用了跟踪内部产能的技术,管理人员现在可以比较企业内各个部门和成本中心的绩效。
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引用次数: 0
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND SOCIAL MEDIA 知识产权和社交媒体
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a5
Khushi Makwana
In general, intellectual property rights relate to a collection of intangible assets held and legally protected by an individual or corporation from outside use or implementation without approved approval, such as invention, creativity, and contributions to the relevant area of expertise. The economic process, financial incentive, and motivation for advanced innovations engrained in the appropriate legal protection of Intellectual Property Rights demand expert, guided, and constantly updated assistance in the field of Intellectual Property Rights. With the tremendous rate of technical, scientific, and medical innovation that we are experiencing today, intellectual property has become increasingly crucial. Furthermore, developments in the global economic climate have had an impact on the creation of business models in which intellectual property is a key component in building value and prospective growth. Several new intellectual property legislations have been passed in India in order to fulfil international commitments under the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. As a result, intellectual property has become one of the world's largest and fastest-growing disciplines of law, necessitating the need for specialists to deal with IP. Copyright is a broad sphere that encompasses innovations, creations, intellectual products in print, audio-visual, sign & symbol, and digital formats. Copyright is a tremendous stimulant for the social media industry, which is full of invention and innovation. Media platforms, including social media, employ creative ideas, pictures, sounds, scripts, and a variety of other tools and ways of communication for professional, commercial, and individual aspirations. All of these forms, which are generated by individuals and businesses with rigorous efforts in design, research, and development, need a significant expenditure. These projects were built through the dedication of one’s time and money has yielded a profit to the creators and it has become a source of encouragement for everybody.
一般来说,知识产权涉及由个人或公司持有并受法律保护的无形资产的集合,未经批准不得在外部使用或实施,例如发明,创造力和对相关专业领域的贡献。对知识产权进行适当的法律保护所蕴含的经济过程、财政激励和先进创新的动力,需要知识产权领域的专家、指导和不断更新的援助。随着我们今天所经历的技术、科学和医学创新的惊人速度,知识产权变得越来越重要。此外,全球经济气候的发展对商业模式的创造产生了影响,在这种模式中,知识产权是创造价值和预期增长的关键组成部分。印度通过了几项新的知识产权立法,以履行根据世贸组织《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》作出的国际承诺。因此,知识产权已成为世界上规模最大、发展最快的法律学科之一,因此需要专家来处理知识产权问题。版权是一个广泛的领域,包括创新、创作、印刷、视听、符号和数字格式的智力产品。对于充满发明和创新的社交媒体行业来说,版权是一种巨大的兴奋剂。媒体平台,包括社交媒体,采用创意、图片、声音、脚本和各种其他工具和方式来实现专业、商业和个人的愿望。所有这些表单都是由个人和企业通过严格的设计、研究和开发工作产生的,需要大量的支出。这些项目是通过一个人的时间和金钱的奉献而建立起来的,它为创造者带来了利润,并成为每个人的鼓励之源。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF IPR IN MEDIA INDUSTRY 知识产权在传媒业中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a1
Arya Mirgane
The Media Industry in India is considered as one of the biggest industries in the world and it is growing day by day. With the growth of the media industry, the amount of people claiming other’s work as their own or disturbing the exclusive rights of the creator are on the rise. Intellectual Property Rights play a huge role in media industry these days. Media Industry here, is inclusive of videos, movies, music and other content produced by creators. The huge competition that is going on in the media industry makes it necessary for the authors or the creators to copyright their content so that only they have exclusive rights over their work. Also, by doing this, their original work remains their work and no one can fake claim on it. To sum up, the basic work of a copyright, trademark and other IPRs is to safeguard the work of the creator/ author. This way, the artist can work better without any fear of being pirated. Now, let us get an insight of some basic concepts of Intellectual Property Rights such as the meaning of IPR, Copyright, Piracy, sections related to IPR which are mentioned in our Constitution, civil and criminal remedies mentioned, and the punishments prescribed for the law-breakers
印度的媒体产业被认为是世界上最大的产业之一,它正在一天天增长。随着传媒业的发展,将他人作品占为己有或侵犯创作者专有权的现象越来越多。如今,知识产权在媒体行业发挥着巨大的作用。这里的“媒体产业”包括视频、电影、音乐等创作者制作的内容。媒体行业的巨大竞争使得作者或创作者有必要为他们的内容获得版权,这样只有他们对自己的作品拥有专有权。此外,通过这样做,他们的原创作品仍然是他们的作品,没有人可以声称拥有它。综上所述,版权、商标和其他知识产权的基本工作是保护创作者/作者的作品。这样,艺术家可以更好地工作,而不必担心被盗版。现在,让我们来了解一下知识产权的一些基本概念,如知识产权的含义、版权、盗版、我国宪法中与知识产权有关的条款、民事和刑事救济以及对违法者的处罚
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引用次数: 0
TERMINOLOGIES IN IPR AND MEDIA LAW 知识产权和媒体法术语
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a8
The intellectual property rights (IPR) are intangible in nature and gives exclusive rights to inventor or developer for their relevant invention or creation. This right provides the inventor jurisdiction over the fabrication of his own to explore convenience if used by others. These comforts may appear in the form of regard and identification or monetary or material benefits or more. These rights magnify the contemporary environment by giving recognition and economic benefits to developers or inventors whereas the lack of IPR perception and its unproductive execution may hamper the economic, technical and societal developments of a nation. The present paper summarizes various terms of IPR such as patents, trademarks, industrial designs, geographic indications, copyright, etc. with their corresponding rules, regulations, their require and bit part especially concern to Indian context. Further, the status of India’s participation in IPR related pursuit across the world has been considered in brief. For Media department that is full of inventiveness and innovation, Copyright is a great catalyst. Media platforms including social media use new ideas, images, sounds, scripts and many more techniques and processes of communication professional, commercial and personal cause. These entire configurations that are fabricated by persons and enterprises with meticulous efforts in designing, research & development require a vast aggregate of investment also. These formations, developed after adherence of time and money, require to give dividends to the inventor and to become an inspiration for all.
知识产权本质上是无形的,它赋予发明人或开发者对其相关发明或创造的专有权。这项权利为发明人提供了对自己的发明的管辖权,以探索被他人使用的便利。这些舒适可能以关心和认同的形式出现,也可能以金钱或物质利益或更多的形式出现。这些权利通过给予开发者或发明者认可和经济利益来放大当代环境,而缺乏对知识产权的认识及其非生产性执行可能会阻碍一个国家的经济、技术和社会发展。本文总结了专利、商标、工业品外观设计、地理标志、版权等知识产权的各种术语及其相应的规则、条例、要求和部分特别关注印度的情况。此外,本文还简要介绍了印度在世界范围内参与知识产权保护的现状。对于富有创造性和创新性的媒体部门来说,版权是一个很好的催化剂。包括社交媒体在内的媒体平台使用新的想法,图像,声音,脚本和更多的技术和沟通专业,商业和个人事业的过程。这些由个人和企业精心设计、研发而成的整体配置也需要大量的投资。这些形式是在时间和金钱的坚持下发展起来的,需要给发明者带来红利,并成为所有人的灵感。
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引用次数: 0
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND MEDIA LAW IN FILM INDUSTRY 电影产业中的知识产权与媒体法
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a2
Gitika Mahawar, Rakshit Gupta
In India, a host of pressing issues relating to media, entertainment industry has surfaced. With rapid growth and investment, new players on the rise, and swift technological advancements, Intellectual Property Rights (IP) security and regulation has become significant in this sector. This research paper will be focusing majorly on two components, the first amongst them is IP protection which is a civil right that safeguards a person's creation and grants a control over it, to investigate potential gains if used by others and thus, has arisen as a significant concern. As the paper proceeds, it sheds light on its second component, that the Indian entertainment and film industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years and is now considered one of India's fastest-growing industries. The paper further highlights the legal provisions that governs the creation and usage of media. Some of the examples covered under the media regulation are broadcast television, the internet, and print media. Finally, the paper gives a fair and constructive idea on the scope and coverage of various IP principles, such as patents, copyright, designs, and trademarks. It further discusses how media law and IP are interlinked, along with a segment on computer devices, databases, Internet, and cyber laws, are discussed in this paper.
在印度,许多与媒体、娱乐行业有关的紧迫问题已经浮出水面。随着经济的快速增长和投资、新参与者的崛起以及技术的迅速进步,知识产权(IP)安全和监管在这一领域变得非常重要。这篇研究论文将主要集中在两个组成部分,其中第一个是知识产权保护,这是一种公民权利,保护一个人的创造,并授予对它的控制,以调查潜在的收益,如果被其他人使用,因此,已经成为一个重要的问题。随着文章的深入,它揭示了第二部分,即印度的娱乐和电影业近年来经历了快速增长,现在被认为是印度增长最快的产业之一。本文进一步强调了管理媒体创作和使用的法律规定。媒体条例涵盖的一些例子包括广播电视、互联网和平面媒体。最后,本文对专利、版权、外观设计和商标等各种知识产权原则的范围和覆盖范围提出了公正和建设性的看法。它进一步讨论了媒体法和知识产权是如何相互联系的,并在本文中讨论了计算机设备、数据库、互联网和网络法律。
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引用次数: 0
STATUS OF CRYPTOCURRENCY IN INDIA 加密货币在印度的地位
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.59126/v1i2a10
Shreya Sharma
In recent time, cryptocurrency has become a common topic of discussion in India. The legal status of cryptocurrency has caused widespread confusion among the general public. As a result, this article primarily focuses on addressing the present legal status of cryptocurrency in India, as well as its past in India. It also actively addresses the main risks and problems associated with cryptocurrencies, and the alternatives that the government is considering in its place or in other words the future of cryptocurrency in India.
最近,加密货币已经成为印度讨论的一个常见话题。加密货币的法律地位在公众中引起了广泛的困惑。因此,本文主要侧重于解决加密货币在印度的当前法律地位,以及它在印度的过去。它还积极解决与加密货币相关的主要风险和问题,以及政府正在考虑的替代方案,换句话说,是印度加密货币的未来。
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引用次数: 0
PREVENTION OF IDENTITY THEFT: AN ANALYSIS 身份盗窃的预防:分析
Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.59126/v1i1a2
Vibhuti V.K.
Identity theft is the crime of acquiring other person's private or financial data for the purpose of assuming the name or identification of the victim and commit crimes. Such data can be used in the name of that victim to commit crimes in the name of the victim, to acquire credit or loans, products and services and even provide fake credentials to government authorities. The crime has advanced with the advancement of technology over the past few years in India. To prevent cybercrimes such as identity theft and other computerrelated/internet-based crimes, in the year of 2000, Indian Government enacted The Information Technology Act, 2000, amended in 2008. Identity theft is also governed by few provisions (Section 147A, Section 419, Section 463) of Indian Penal code, 1860. This research paper will analyze the implementation of the Act in India and other preventive measures taken by the Government of India relating to the matter of securing personal data and preventing the theft of identity. Key words: Identity, Identity theft, Data Technology, Cyber-crime, Phishing/vishing, Skimming, Hacking, Shoulder surfing, Dumpster diving, Mail theft, Pretexting.
身份盗窃是指以冒充受害者的姓名或身份进行犯罪为目的,获取他人的私人或财务信息的犯罪行为。这些数据可以以受害者的名义使用,以受害者的名义进行犯罪,获得信贷或贷款、产品和服务,甚至向政府当局提供假证件。在过去的几年里,随着印度科技的进步,这种犯罪也在不断发展。为了防止网络犯罪,如身份盗窃和其他与计算机相关/基于互联网的犯罪,2000年,印度政府颁布了2000年信息技术法案,并于2008年进行了修订。身份盗窃也受到1860年印度刑法典第147A条、第419条、第463条等少数条款的管辖。本研究论文将分析该法案在印度的实施情况以及印度政府在保护个人数据和防止身份盗窃方面采取的其他预防措施。关键词:身份,身份盗窃,数据技术,网络犯罪,网络钓鱼/钓鱼,略读,黑客攻击,肩头冲浪,垃圾箱跳水,邮件盗窃,借口。
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引用次数: 0
APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS: GRADUAL DEVELOPMENTS IN LITIGATION 仲裁员的任命:诉讼的逐步发展
Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.59126/v1i1a11
Arushi Shekhar, Dhruv Srivastava
Arbitration amongst other things is premised on party autonomy, one of the basic pillars of this mechanism. Parties have the liberty of deciding the procedure for appointment of Arbitrators, which is considered paramount to that effect. If the parties fail to adhere to the procedure laid down as per them in the agreement, then the aggrieved party has the discretion of moving to the courts for the appointment of Arbitrators. The said matter is dealt under Section 11 of the Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996, which has been adopted by the legislature from the UNCITRAL Model Law put forth by United Nations. The competency of appointing an Arbitrator had been initially bestowed upon the Chief Justices. Albeit the law decrees the court to precipitate the appointment of Arbitrators, the Indian Courts however do a deep dive into the matrix for the said appointment. It’s common knowledge that our judiciary is overburdened with plethora of cases. ADR mechanism provides a way out for the judiciary and hitherto provides for speedy justice for the parties involved in Arbitration. This paper illuminate upon the interpretation and development of the concept of Appointment of Arbitrator in Section 11 in relation to the nature of power exercised; independence and impartiality; time limit under sec. 11 and the two major amendments in 2015 and 2019, with the role of judiciary and their influence in helping the development of the silent facts in landmark judgments in that regard.
除其他事项外,仲裁以当事人自治为前提,这是该机制的基本支柱之一。各方有权决定任命仲裁员的程序,这被认为是最重要的。如果双方未能遵守协议中规定的程序,则受害方有权自行决定向法院申请任命仲裁员。上述事项是根据1996年《仲裁和调解法》第11节处理的,该法是立法机关根据联合国提出的《贸易法委员会示范法》通过的。任命仲裁员的权限最初是授予首席大法官的。尽管法律规定法院要促成仲裁员的任命,但印度法院对上述任命的矩阵进行了深入研究。众所周知,我们的司法部门因案件过多而不堪重负。ADR机制为司法提供了一条出路,迄今为止为仲裁当事人提供了迅速的司法公正。本文从行使权力的性质出发,阐述了第11条仲裁员委任概念的解释和发展;独立公正;第11条规定的时限以及2015年和2019年的两项重大修正案,以及司法机构在这方面具有里程碑意义的判决中帮助发展沉默事实的作用及其影响。
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引用次数: 0
MEDICAL LAWS AND ETHICS IN INDIA 印度的医疗法律和伦理
Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.59126/v1i1a9
Bhavana M E
Law and medicine, despite being two different subjects with nothing in common, may overlap where they find the need for each other. Ethics is a concept of moral instincts that a common being inherits and follows in his lifetime. The notion for ethics can be different for every individual. The topic of interest in this article focuses on the importance and impact of ethics in the medical field and how the law contributes to this aspect, thus evaluating the connection between health care laws and medical ethical issues. The paper will also be focusing on creating awareness on the rights of medical practitioners contributing to the welfare of the society. The need for regulations is because of the malpractices actively being performed in the society. The activities of a medical professional continuously revolve around the life of a patient. While lack of medical knowledge among general society can be neglected because the medical practitioners are there to guide them, but the lack of knowledge or skill amongst medical practitioners creates dangerous circumstances and their ignorance could have disastrous consequences. Thus, the need for well-established sets of rules. Medical environment is a progressive cycle. It is continuously evolving with new technology assisting and aiding the practitioners in the course of treatment. Regulatory Laws also need to keep up with these changes continuously to protect the interests of the practitioners as well as the patients.
法律和医学尽管是两个不同的学科,没有任何共同之处,但在它们发现彼此需要的地方可能会重叠。伦理是人类在其一生中继承和遵循的道德本能的概念。每个人的道德观念都不一样。本文感兴趣的主题侧重于伦理在医学领域的重要性和影响,以及法律如何在这方面做出贡献,从而评估医疗保健法和医学伦理问题之间的联系。该文件还将侧重于提高对为社会福利作出贡献的医生权利的认识。监管的必要性是由于社会上存在的不良行为。医疗专业人员的活动始终围绕着病人的生命。虽然一般社会缺乏医学知识可以忽略不计,因为医生是在那里指导他们的,但医生缺乏知识或技能会造成危险的情况,他们的无知可能会造成灾难性的后果。因此,需要建立一套完善的规则。医疗环境是一个递进的循环。它是不断发展的新技术,协助和帮助在治疗过程中的从业人员。监管法律也需要不断跟上这些变化,以保护从业者和患者的利益。
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引用次数: 0
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