The concept of abortion has become a horrific crime, or rather a social norm, in India, a country of atheism and spirituality, but the wave of modernization and the post-colonial ideological conflict will cause people to move between cultures. And the culture of dealing with current difficulties, including medical abortion, was a sign of reassurance for everyone. This article describes the Medical Abortion Act of 1971, the amendments made in 2002 and 2003, and the rules and improvements made. This article addresses not only initiatives to improve women's reproductive rights and the availability of safe abortion, but also needs, issues and some issues that are often overlooked.
{"title":"ABORTION LAWS IN INDIA – A RIGHT OR A PRIVELEGE","authors":"","doi":"10.59126/v1i4a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i4a4","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of abortion has become a horrific crime, or rather a social norm, in India, a country of atheism and spirituality, but the wave of modernization and the post-colonial ideological conflict will cause people to move between cultures. And the culture of dealing with current difficulties, including medical abortion, was a sign of reassurance for everyone. This article describes the Medical Abortion Act of 1971, the amendments made in 2002 and 2003, and the rules and improvements made. This article addresses not only initiatives to improve women's reproductive rights and the availability of safe abortion, but also needs, issues and some issues that are often overlooked.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128753385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A country consisting of 28 states and eight federal territories, India follows a federal system in which legislative, administrative and financial powers are divided between the federal / central and state governments. This research paper examines the legislative powers of the Centre and the detailed constitutional provisions for the three lists, namely the union list, the state list, and the states listed at the same time, under Article 245, Article 254 of the Constitution. In addition, this paper analyses the division of administrative power when the powers of unions and state governments extend to the subject of the list of unions and states, respectively, as defined in Article 256, Article 263 of the Constitution. The end-of-life study also educates readers about the exercise of administrative and legislative power over federal territory by the central government and the president of the country. Like other federal constitutions, the central and state governments work closely together, and in most cases one jurisdiction exclude the other.
{"title":"DISTRIBUTION OF POWER BETWEEN CENTRE AND STATE: THE LEGISLATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECT","authors":"","doi":"10.59126/v1i4a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i4a5","url":null,"abstract":"A country consisting of 28 states and eight federal territories, India follows a federal system in which legislative, administrative and financial powers are divided between the federal / central and state governments. This research paper examines the legislative powers of the Centre and the detailed constitutional provisions for the three lists, namely the union list, the state list, and the states listed at the same time, under Article 245, Article 254 of the Constitution. In addition, this paper analyses the division of administrative power when the powers of unions and state governments extend to the subject of the list of unions and states, respectively, as defined in Article 256, Article 263 of the Constitution. The end-of-life study also educates readers about the exercise of administrative and legislative power over federal territory by the central government and the president of the country. Like other federal constitutions, the central and state governments work closely together, and in most cases one jurisdiction exclude the other.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116300285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Law acts as a guideline to what is accepted in society. Hence, it is imperative for various organisations who abide by these guidelines. Indian Company Law was presented by government for the benefit of people. Companies Law is a means of discipline, regulations and guidelines while governing an enterprise. In order to understand Company Law, it is important for us to know about what a company is and what are its various forms. Seeing the need of the hour, our national government created a team, IRANI COMMITTEE, which introduced Companies Bill in 2012 which got approved and is known as Companies Act, 2013 today. Companies Act states the framework of an enterprise or an organisation. The authors try to elucidate on the journey of Indian Company Law by discussing various forms of companies, incorporation of a business and approval and removal of its Board of Directors.
{"title":"COMPANY LAW AND ITS VARIOUS ELEMENT","authors":"","doi":"10.59126/v1i4a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i4a6","url":null,"abstract":"Law acts as a guideline to what is accepted in society. Hence, it is imperative for various organisations who abide by these guidelines. Indian Company Law was presented by government for the benefit of people. Companies Law is a means of discipline, regulations and guidelines while governing an enterprise. In order to understand Company Law, it is important for us to know about what a company is and what are its various forms. Seeing the need of the hour, our national government created a team, IRANI COMMITTEE, which introduced Companies Bill in 2012 which got approved and is known as Companies Act, 2013 today. Companies Act states the framework of an enterprise or an organisation. The authors try to elucidate on the journey of Indian Company Law by discussing various forms of companies, incorporation of a business and approval and removal of its Board of Directors.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130467688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India is a multicultural country that nests different groups of ethnicity and essentially nurtures different religions. While such diversity of India is often appreciated, it creates various problems about the personal law of different communities and therefore the human rights violation. The recent events of CAA or the Kashmir revocation essentially focus on the attacks of the Indian government upon the Muslim minority community and hence the question of codification of personal laws come to the surface. Even though the scope of personal laws is not guaranteed under the Part III of the Constitution of India, personal laws are adjudicated under Article 44 of the Constitution of India. In this research paper, we shall try to understand the connection between personal law and human rights and how the events of human rights violations in India can be structured better with codified personal laws.
{"title":"PERSONAL LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDIA - A REVIEW","authors":"Aarohi Bhalla","doi":"10.59126/v1i4a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i4a10","url":null,"abstract":"India is a multicultural country that nests different groups of ethnicity and essentially nurtures different religions. While such diversity of India is often appreciated, it creates various problems about the personal law of different communities and therefore the human rights violation. The recent events of CAA or the Kashmir revocation essentially focus on the attacks of the Indian government upon the Muslim minority community and hence the question of codification of personal laws come to the surface. Even though the scope of personal laws is not guaranteed under the Part III of the Constitution of India, personal laws are adjudicated under Article 44 of the Constitution of India. In this research paper, we shall try to understand the connection between personal law and human rights and how the events of human rights violations in India can be structured better with codified personal laws.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121821247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India has adopted various laws from the British rule, one such law is Sedition law. Section 124 (A) of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 talks about Sedition and also states the punishment for this offence i.e. imprisonment for 3 years which may extent to life imprisonment along with which fine may be added. In simple words Sedition may be defined as an act or acts done, which brings the people against the elected Government. Sedition law was first introduced by British Government in the year 1870. This paper will discuss about how this law was used to stop the leaders of independence movement and will also describe the historical background of Sedition law. Sedition includes all such practices which, may be by word, deed, or writing, disturb the peace of the State, Government or law and order of the country. This paper will discuss about the Constitutional Validity of Sedition law and about the judicial interpretation of this Section. Sedition law is basically to protect the sovereignty and integrity of the country. However, this law is considered as one of the most controversial law in India. Because it imposes a limitation on freedom of speech and expression of an individual. In this article you will find the difference between freedom of speech and expression as provided under Article 19 (1) of the Indian Constitution and Sedition law. Lastly, the paper will discuss about some important judgments which shaped and gave a proper interpretation to describe in the Sedition law in India.
{"title":"UNDERSTANDING SEDITION LAW IN INDIA","authors":"","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a16","url":null,"abstract":"India has adopted various laws from the British rule, one such law is Sedition law. Section 124 (A) of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 talks about Sedition and also states the punishment for this offence i.e. imprisonment for 3 years which may extent to life imprisonment along with which fine may be added. In simple words Sedition may be defined as an act or acts done, which brings the people against the elected Government. Sedition law was first introduced by British Government in the year 1870. This paper will discuss about how this law was used to stop the leaders of independence movement and will also describe the historical background of Sedition law. Sedition includes all such practices which, may be by word, deed, or writing, disturb the peace of the State, Government or law and order of the country. This paper will discuss about the Constitutional Validity of Sedition law and about the judicial interpretation of this Section. Sedition law is basically to protect the sovereignty and integrity of the country. However, this law is considered as one of the most controversial law in India. Because it imposes a limitation on freedom of speech and expression of an individual. In this article you will find the difference between freedom of speech and expression as provided under Article 19 (1) of the Indian Constitution and Sedition law. Lastly, the paper will discuss about some important judgments which shaped and gave a proper interpretation to describe in the Sedition law in India.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132722568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The political system of "Parliamentary Democracy" which the Constituent Assembly adopted was built on the ideals of democratic republic, popular sovereignty and secularism. In India, because of its heterogeneous political-socio-economic structure, it was decided to implement this concept owing to the notion that a political representative would act as a catalyst to integrate the country. The politicians were seen as personifications of social service, leadership, and sacrifice by the people of the Country. People were expecting Gandhian ideology in politics. But today, India's growing criminalization of politics is an important element of the political life of the country. The emerging scandals and occurrences in government are an indication of loot and malfeasance in governance. From the viewpoint of the law and order, one can notice a clear decline over the decades, and the situation now is such that getting convictions for significant offences has become a lot more difficult. This is because politicians turn to criminals during the time of elections. When criminals and antisocial elements are under pressure from law enforcement agencies, they also go to politicians to seek support. As a result, the process of obtaining incriminating evidence in criminal investigations is greatly hindered by the politicians. Now things have only gotten worse. As criminals realize that politicians can be elected through the use of muscle power, more and more of them try to run for office themselves. A good number of them have contested for the elections and been elected as well. In fact, there are several of them who now hold ministerial positions. Recent experience has shown that if someone is elected to a legislative or ministerial position- all criminal charges against him go into drawers where they are forgotten about forever. The fall-out in other sectors has been no less devastating, since political criminalization has devastated the health and clean functioning of our democratic political system.
{"title":"CRIMINALIZATION OF POLITICS CHALLENGE TO INDIAN DEMOCRACY","authors":"Abhisena Dey","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a4","url":null,"abstract":"The political system of \"Parliamentary Democracy\" which the Constituent Assembly adopted was built on the ideals of democratic republic, popular sovereignty and secularism. In India, because of its heterogeneous political-socio-economic structure, it was decided to implement this concept owing to the notion that a political representative would act as a catalyst to integrate the country. The politicians were seen as personifications of social service, leadership, and sacrifice by the people of the Country. People were expecting Gandhian ideology in politics. But today, India's growing criminalization of politics is an important element of the political life of the country. The emerging scandals and occurrences in government are an indication of loot and malfeasance in governance. From the viewpoint of the law and order, one can notice a clear decline over the decades, and the situation now is such that getting convictions for significant offences has become a lot more difficult. This is because politicians turn to criminals during the time of elections. When criminals and antisocial elements are under pressure from law enforcement agencies, they also go to politicians to seek support. As a result, the process of obtaining incriminating evidence in criminal investigations is greatly hindered by the politicians. Now things have only gotten worse. As criminals realize that politicians can be elected through the use of muscle power, more and more of them try to run for office themselves. A good number of them have contested for the elections and been elected as well. In fact, there are several of them who now hold ministerial positions. Recent experience has shown that if someone is elected to a legislative or ministerial position- all criminal charges against him go into drawers where they are forgotten about forever. The fall-out in other sectors has been no less devastating, since political criminalization has devastated the health and clean functioning of our democratic political system.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123487081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Law brings structure and order in the society. Rightly so, it is imperative to have a strong competition law regime in place to guide the activities of the marketplace, the backbone of the economy. India has had a very eventful journey in finding out, formulating and fixing a proper competition legislation in place. The Competition Act regulates the domestic market activities of India by supporting activities that promote healthy competition. As India completes almost two decades after the enactment of the Competition Act of 2002, the author tries to elucidate on the journey of Indian Competition law by discussing its precursor, the MRTP Act, the present legislation, and also enumerates the challenges that are faced by the competition and anti-trust laws in the country.
{"title":"COMPETITION LAW: PRECURSORS, PRACTICE AND PROBLEMS","authors":"Sathya G Krishnan","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a3","url":null,"abstract":"Law brings structure and order in the society. Rightly so, it is imperative to have a strong competition law regime in place to guide the activities of the marketplace, the backbone of the economy. India has had a very eventful journey in finding out, formulating and fixing a proper competition legislation in place. The Competition Act regulates the domestic market activities of India by supporting activities that promote healthy competition. As India completes almost two decades after the enactment of the Competition Act of 2002, the author tries to elucidate on the journey of Indian Competition law by discussing its precursor, the MRTP Act, the present legislation, and also enumerates the challenges that are faced by the competition and anti-trust laws in the country.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127438145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Freedom of opinion and expression is essential for the entire development of a person. They are the foundation of any free and democratic society. Because it gives meaning to life, freedom of speech and expression is the first and basic human right, the basic condition of freedom, and the mother of all rights. However, when exercising freedom of speech, questions often arise, such as how far the state can regulate individual behavior. Personal autonomy is the cornerstone of basic freedom; therefore, every constraint is strictly evaluated. However, this right can always be appropriately restricted to ensure that it is used correctly and that all people have equal access to it. Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code of 1860 defines sedition as a criminal offence. The importance of this part in an independent and democratic country is a hotly debated topic. This article looks at sedition and why it cannot be compared with Article 19 (Right of Freedom of Speech and Expression) of the Indian Constitution. It also raises the issue of application in a democratic world where freedom of speech and expression is regarded as the mother of all rights, and compares India’s sedition legislation with those of Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, as India’s sedition law viewpoint Different from other countries.
{"title":"SEDITION LAW: A FRIEND OR FOE?","authors":"Aryan Data, Khushi Gupta","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a15","url":null,"abstract":"Freedom of opinion and expression is essential for the entire development of a person. They are the foundation of any free and democratic society. Because it gives meaning to life, freedom of speech and expression is the first and basic human right, the basic condition of freedom, and the mother of all rights. However, when exercising freedom of speech, questions often arise, such as how far the state can regulate individual behavior. Personal autonomy is the cornerstone of basic freedom; therefore, every constraint is strictly evaluated. However, this right can always be appropriately restricted to ensure that it is used correctly and that all people have equal access to it. Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code of 1860 defines sedition as a criminal offence. The importance of this part in an independent and democratic country is a hotly debated topic. This article looks at sedition and why it cannot be compared with Article 19 (Right of Freedom of Speech and Expression) of the Indian Constitution. It also raises the issue of application in a democratic world where freedom of speech and expression is regarded as the mother of all rights, and compares India’s sedition legislation with those of Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, as India’s sedition law viewpoint Different from other countries.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"47 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cybercrime has caused widespread damage to personalities, companies, including the city council. Computers have unleashed an era of greater efficiency and creativity. Communication and connectivity have reached new heights in the last twenty years. The Internet started a new revolution, the online revolution. As the masses are accustomed and inclined to their daily activities online, most are looking for easy money and information. This criterion represents modern criminals who, in addition to the availability of extensive equipment to access almost all systems, enjoy the anonymity of boundless cyberspace and therefore take human error and system vulnerabilities for granted. The batch consists of these cyber criminals, malicious hackers, malicious hackers, and spammers. This paper attempts to understand cybercrime on a long continuum, starting with the doctrinal research method part. Research and analysis of the world's leading cybersecurity companies were integrated. Without delving into the actual instruments of manipulation, an attempt was made to visualize all progress as a series of activities.
{"title":"CYBERCRIME: A MULTIFACETED ONE","authors":"Mitali Aryan","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a6","url":null,"abstract":"Cybercrime has caused widespread damage to personalities, companies, including the city council. Computers have unleashed an era of greater efficiency and creativity. Communication and connectivity have reached new heights in the last twenty years. The Internet started a new revolution, the online revolution. As the masses are accustomed and inclined to their daily activities online, most are looking for easy money and information. This criterion represents modern criminals who, in addition to the availability of extensive equipment to access almost all systems, enjoy the anonymity of boundless cyberspace and therefore take human error and system vulnerabilities for granted. The batch consists of these cyber criminals, malicious hackers, malicious hackers, and spammers. This paper attempts to understand cybercrime on a long continuum, starting with the doctrinal research method part. Research and analysis of the world's leading cybersecurity companies were integrated. Without delving into the actual instruments of manipulation, an attempt was made to visualize all progress as a series of activities.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy Bentham says that "witnesses are the eyes and ears of the judiciary" as they play an important role in bringing the accused to justice and seeing the truth in front of everyone. The Witness Protection Plan, 2018, is the first and first official attempt of the government at the national level to provide the necessary protection to the witness, which proves to be a solid base for the lifting of secondary victimization. This was to ensure that witnesses received the necessary protection. It also strengthens the adverse criminal justice system in the country and will inevitably increase national security from scratch. The paper deals with the Witness Protection Act of 2018 in a very authoritative way. We have tried to explain all aspects of each law. What are the basic terms and definitions related to the law? Then we have described the reasons why we need to protect witnesses and what the scope of the law is. And then we explain in detail what steps the authority is taking to protect the needy witness under the law. We also briefly describe who we can monitor and verify whether the safeguards have been implemented or not, whether they are working or not. We have also cited the case law necessary for our claims and evidence to be authentic. And finally we closed all the things well so that everything fell under them.
{"title":"WITNESS PROTECTION SCHEMES","authors":"","doi":"10.59126/v1i3a18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59126/v1i3a18","url":null,"abstract":"Jeremy Bentham says that \"witnesses are the eyes and ears of the judiciary\" as they play an important role in bringing the accused to justice and seeing the truth in front of everyone. The Witness Protection Plan, 2018, is the first and first official attempt of the government at the national level to provide the necessary protection to the witness, which proves to be a solid base for the lifting of secondary victimization. This was to ensure that witnesses received the necessary protection. It also strengthens the adverse criminal justice system in the country and will inevitably increase national security from scratch. The paper deals with the Witness Protection Act of 2018 in a very authoritative way. We have tried to explain all aspects of each law. What are the basic terms and definitions related to the law? Then we have described the reasons why we need to protect witnesses and what the scope of the law is. And then we explain in detail what steps the authority is taking to protect the needy witness under the law. We also briefly describe who we can monitor and verify whether the safeguards have been implemented or not, whether they are working or not. We have also cited the case law necessary for our claims and evidence to be authentic. And finally we closed all the things well so that everything fell under them.","PeriodicalId":424180,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF UNIQUE LAWS AND STUDENTS","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125191500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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