Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/14997
Lindiwe Zungu
{"title":"Note from the Editor-in-chief","authors":"Lindiwe Zungu","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/14997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/14997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/14062
Nellie Naranjee, Vasanthrie Naidoo, Suresh B. N. Krishna, Champaklal C. Jinabhai, Maureen N. Sibiya
Despite several strategies in place in South Africa and globally to prevent maternal mortality and morbidity, maternal deaths remain high, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and lower to middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to identify the challenges that lead to pregnant women’s delays in seeking antenatal care (ANC) early and to find strategies to prevent such delays, contributing to a reduction of maternal deaths in South Africa. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one analysed data on maternal deaths collected by the District Health Information System (DHIS) of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health from all 11 districts over a 10-year period (2009–2019). The data on maternal deaths revealed that there was a very high maternal mortality rate; between 800 and 1 780 per 100 000 live births. This correlated with very low antenatal visits; between 695–895 per 100 000 live births. In phase two, a literature review was conducted using several computer-assisted databases, bibliographies and websites to identify and source current policies. The literature review presents causes of delay in seeking ANC and strategies to prevent maternal deaths. Recommendations were made to consider strengthening education and awareness related to family planning; women empowerment through community health programmes and change in healthcare providers’ behaviours and attitudes; ensuring availability of maternal health resources; and developing strategies to ensure that the ANC services delivered are in line with the South African Department of Health Guidelines.
{"title":"Utilisation of Maternal Health Services and its Impact on Maternal Mortality Rate: A Case for KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"Nellie Naranjee, Vasanthrie Naidoo, Suresh B. N. Krishna, Champaklal C. Jinabhai, Maureen N. Sibiya","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/14062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/14062","url":null,"abstract":"Despite several strategies in place in South Africa and globally to prevent maternal mortality and morbidity, maternal deaths remain high, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and lower to middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to identify the challenges that lead to pregnant women’s delays in seeking antenatal care (ANC) early and to find strategies to prevent such delays, contributing to a reduction of maternal deaths in South Africa. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one analysed data on maternal deaths collected by the District Health Information System (DHIS) of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health from all 11 districts over a 10-year period (2009–2019). The data on maternal deaths revealed that there was a very high maternal mortality rate; between 800 and 1 780 per 100 000 live births. This correlated with very low antenatal visits; between 695–895 per 100 000 live births. In phase two, a literature review was conducted using several computer-assisted databases, bibliographies and websites to identify and source current policies. The literature review presents causes of delay in seeking ANC and strategies to prevent maternal deaths. Recommendations were made to consider strengthening education and awareness related to family planning; women empowerment through community health programmes and change in healthcare providers’ behaviours and attitudes; ensuring availability of maternal health resources; and developing strategies to ensure that the ANC services delivered are in line with the South African Department of Health Guidelines.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135732305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/14376
Jebul Suroso, Agus Santosa
Incomplete and poor-quality nursing documentation can negatively impact patients and nurses; therefore, finding the root causes of poor-quality nursing documentation is essential. This study aims to analyse the pathways affecting the quality of nursing documentation to identify the root of the existing problems. This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at two regional general hospitals in Banyumas and Purbalingga districts, Central Java Province, Indonesia; 128 nurses in the inpatient rooms participated. Their age, gender, education, work experience, workload, nurse fatigue, and the quality of nursing documentation were observed and assessed directly and analysed using a path analysis method. The results found that 46.9% of nursing documentation was of poor quality. It was found that the nurses' workload and nurse fatigue directly affected the quality of nursing documentation (t>1.96; P<0.05). The quality of nursing documentation was also indirectly influenced by gender and work experience through the intervening variables of workload and job fatigue (t>1.96; P<0.05). This study concludes that workload is felt heavier in female nurses with extended work experience; this causes job fatigue, which impacts the poor quality of nursing documentation.
{"title":"Analysis of Pathways Influencing the Quality of Nursing Documentation Practice in Central Java Province of Indonesia","authors":"Jebul Suroso, Agus Santosa","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/14376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/14376","url":null,"abstract":"Incomplete and poor-quality nursing documentation can negatively impact patients and nurses; therefore, finding the root causes of poor-quality nursing documentation is essential. This study aims to analyse the pathways affecting the quality of nursing documentation to identify the root of the existing problems. This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at two regional general hospitals in Banyumas and Purbalingga districts, Central Java Province, Indonesia; 128 nurses in the inpatient rooms participated. Their age, gender, education, work experience, workload, nurse fatigue, and the quality of nursing documentation were observed and assessed directly and analysed using a path analysis method. The results found that 46.9% of nursing documentation was of poor quality. It was found that the nurses' workload and nurse fatigue directly affected the quality of nursing documentation (t>1.96; P<0.05). The quality of nursing documentation was also indirectly influenced by gender and work experience through the intervening variables of workload and job fatigue (t>1.96; P<0.05). This study concludes that workload is felt heavier in female nurses with extended work experience; this causes job fatigue, which impacts the poor quality of nursing documentation.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/13948
Ayşe Topal Hançer
In elderly patients, preoperative assessment of pain fear could provide essential information for improving perioperative care and could be the first step toward targeted pain management. This study aimed to determine the effect of fear of postoperative pain and the use of analgesics among elderly patients in Turkey. The method used was a descriptive cross-sectional study with 231 elderly patients. In this study, the levels of fear of pain were significantly higher in those who had a history of surgery, experienced severe pain, and had a feeling of fear before surgery (p<. 05). The mean pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) first day postoperatively was 8.20±1.69, and the mean VAS second day postoperatively was 5.20±1.51. It was determined who received tramadol (opioid) 100 mg intravenously (IV) on the first and second postoperative day with a significantly higher mean score on the fear of pain (p<. 05). It was determined that pain intensity and the rate of analgesic use on the first and second postoperative days were positively correlated with fear of pain (p<. 001). This research demonstrated that as the elderly patients’ pain fear increased, postoperative pain severity and amount of analgesia increased. Therefore, reducing the fear of pain, which is one of the main factors in pain, is essential in pain management. Evaluation of postoperative pain not only in terms of drug intervention but also in terms of other factors that modulate pain, such as fear of pain—it is thought that the elderly, who constitute a risky group in terms of analgesic use, can provide convenience in pain management.
{"title":"Correlation Between Fear of Postoperative Pain and the Use of Analgesics Among Elderly Patients in Turkey","authors":"Ayşe Topal Hançer","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/13948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/13948","url":null,"abstract":"In elderly patients, preoperative assessment of pain fear could provide essential information for improving perioperative care and could be the first step toward targeted pain management. This study aimed to determine the effect of fear of postoperative pain and the use of analgesics among elderly patients in Turkey. The method used was a descriptive cross-sectional study with 231 elderly patients. In this study, the levels of fear of pain were significantly higher in those who had a history of surgery, experienced severe pain, and had a feeling of fear before surgery (p<. 05). The mean pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) first day postoperatively was 8.20±1.69, and the mean VAS second day postoperatively was 5.20±1.51. It was determined who received tramadol (opioid) 100 mg intravenously (IV) on the first and second postoperative day with a significantly higher mean score on the fear of pain (p<. 05). It was determined that pain intensity and the rate of analgesic use on the first and second postoperative days were positively correlated with fear of pain (p<. 001). This research demonstrated that as the elderly patients’ pain fear increased, postoperative pain severity and amount of analgesia increased. Therefore, reducing the fear of pain, which is one of the main factors in pain, is essential in pain management. Evaluation of postoperative pain not only in terms of drug intervention but also in terms of other factors that modulate pain, such as fear of pain—it is thought that the elderly, who constitute a risky group in terms of analgesic use, can provide convenience in pain management.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/14153
Gelasius Panduleni Shatimwene, Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala
Research production remains one of the most important tools to predict the likely number of future outputs for a set of researchers. Nursing educators have expectations when they enter an academic institution; however, if these expectations are not matched with their experiences, then their research production will be hampered. The purpose of this study was to explore nursing educators’ expectations and experiences regarding research production at the Faculty of Health Sciences at a national university in Namibia. The study used the qualitative approach with an explorative, descriptive and contextual design. Eighteen nursing educators from the School of Nursing and Public Health participated in the study. Participants were chosen by using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews between June and September 2022 and were analysed using thematic analysis for recurring themes. The following themes emerged from the data analysis: individual research output and role expectations; institutional factors affecting research production; and corrective measures to improve research production. These findings demonstrate that there is a significant need to support the production of quality research of nursing educators by addressing the requirements of the academic and research staff so as to maximise the impact of their research and establish the University of Namibia as a renowned international research institution. This can be achieved through creating an opportunity for hosting research seminars, and by providing adequate financial support to academics and research staff to maximise the impact of their research. The findings of this study can be used to develop baseline data, which can enable a “point-in-time” snapshot of individual activity. This will enable consolidation of metrics on research activity up to faculty, school and institutional performance that is geared towards improving research production among academics, as well as the development of policies that support such production.
{"title":"Nursing Educators’ Experiences and Expectations of Research Production at a Faculty of Health Sciences: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Gelasius Panduleni Shatimwene, Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/14153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/14153","url":null,"abstract":"Research production remains one of the most important tools to predict the likely number of future outputs for a set of researchers. Nursing educators have expectations when they enter an academic institution; however, if these expectations are not matched with their experiences, then their research production will be hampered. The purpose of this study was to explore nursing educators’ expectations and experiences regarding research production at the Faculty of Health Sciences at a national university in Namibia. The study used the qualitative approach with an explorative, descriptive and contextual design. Eighteen nursing educators from the School of Nursing and Public Health participated in the study. Participants were chosen by using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews between June and September 2022 and were analysed using thematic analysis for recurring themes. The following themes emerged from the data analysis: individual research output and role expectations; institutional factors affecting research production; and corrective measures to improve research production. These findings demonstrate that there is a significant need to support the production of quality research of nursing educators by addressing the requirements of the academic and research staff so as to maximise the impact of their research and establish the University of Namibia as a renowned international research institution. This can be achieved through creating an opportunity for hosting research seminars, and by providing adequate financial support to academics and research staff to maximise the impact of their research. The findings of this study can be used to develop baseline data, which can enable a “point-in-time” snapshot of individual activity. This will enable consolidation of metrics on research activity up to faculty, school and institutional performance that is geared towards improving research production among academics, as well as the development of policies that support such production.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/14054
Samer Sharkiya
Background: Public health nurses are essential in reacting to and controlling pandemics. Their responsibilities have changed as the globe faces more intricate health issues relating to newly developing infectious illnesses. This literature review aims to identify suggestions to enhance public health nurses' practice and offer a thorough knowledge of the changing responsibilities of public health nurses in the era of pandemics. Methods: The important themes, difficulties, and possibilities connected to public health nursing during pandemics were highlighted after relevant papers were found through a thorough search of databases. Conclusion: Public health nurses play a vital role in combating new infectious illnesses, utilising technology, bolstering health systems, fostering interprofessional teamwork, advocating for health equality, engaging communities, and supporting mental health and wellbeing. However, they deal with serious issues such as a lack of skilled labour, poor funding, and quickly advancing knowledge. Enhancing workforce planning and development, bolstering public health infrastructure, creating and disseminating evidence-based guidelines and protocols, encouraging interprofessional collaboration and education, addressing health disparities and promoting health equity, and supporting continuous learning and professional development are all recommendations for improving pandemic preparedness and response.
{"title":"Evolving Roles of Public Health Nurses in the Age of Pandemics: A Rapid Review","authors":"Samer Sharkiya","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/14054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/14054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Public health nurses are essential in reacting to and controlling pandemics. Their responsibilities have changed as the globe faces more intricate health issues relating to newly developing infectious illnesses. This literature review aims to identify suggestions to enhance public health nurses' practice and offer a thorough knowledge of the changing responsibilities of public health nurses in the era of pandemics. Methods: The important themes, difficulties, and possibilities connected to public health nursing during pandemics were highlighted after relevant papers were found through a thorough search of databases. Conclusion: Public health nurses play a vital role in combating new infectious illnesses, utilising technology, bolstering health systems, fostering interprofessional teamwork, advocating for health equality, engaging communities, and supporting mental health and wellbeing. However, they deal with serious issues such as a lack of skilled labour, poor funding, and quickly advancing knowledge. Enhancing workforce planning and development, bolstering public health infrastructure, creating and disseminating evidence-based guidelines and protocols, encouraging interprofessional collaboration and education, addressing health disparities and promoting health equity, and supporting continuous learning and professional development are all recommendations for improving pandemic preparedness and response.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/13903
Awatiful Azza, Esti Yunitasari, Mira Triharini, Cipto Susilo, Satriya Pranata, Machmudah Machmudah
Preeclampsia is a specific multisystemic disorder that appears as a complication of pregnancy, and it is a cause of death for pregnant women. Societies in different countries strongly believe that pregnancy is part of a woman’s nature; therefore, pregnancy is considered a normal event that does not require special treatment. This study aims to develop a cultural care model to prevent preeclampsia through basic services. Research following an explanatory design was conducted on a cross-sectional sample of 150 pregnant women who were selected based on a formula using the range rule of thumb with multistage random sampling at the primary level of service in eastern Indonesia. The researchers used a modified questionnaire on individual factors, social factors, policy factors, religious factors, technological factors, and culture of prevention to predict preeclampsia prevention behaviour. The results of this study reveal that individual factors affect preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.038); social factors affect preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.005), and technological factors have an effect on preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, policy factors and religious factors did not influence preeclampsia prevention behaviour, with p values of 0.735 and 0.596, respectively. Cultural values are values inherent in society that are useful for regulating harmony and balance. The development of a cultural model of preeclampsia prevention through a cultural care model as a basic intervention to care for mothers throughout their pregnancy can increase positive behaviour in society.
{"title":"A Cultural Nursing Care Model to Prevent Preeclampsia in the Provision of Basic Services in Eastern Indonesia","authors":"Awatiful Azza, Esti Yunitasari, Mira Triharini, Cipto Susilo, Satriya Pranata, Machmudah Machmudah","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/13903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/13903","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia is a specific multisystemic disorder that appears as a complication of pregnancy, and it is a cause of death for pregnant women. Societies in different countries strongly believe that pregnancy is part of a woman’s nature; therefore, pregnancy is considered a normal event that does not require special treatment. This study aims to develop a cultural care model to prevent preeclampsia through basic services. Research following an explanatory design was conducted on a cross-sectional sample of 150 pregnant women who were selected based on a formula using the range rule of thumb with multistage random sampling at the primary level of service in eastern Indonesia. The researchers used a modified questionnaire on individual factors, social factors, policy factors, religious factors, technological factors, and culture of prevention to predict preeclampsia prevention behaviour. The results of this study reveal that individual factors affect preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.038); social factors affect preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.005), and technological factors have an effect on preeclampsia prevention behaviour factors (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, policy factors and religious factors did not influence preeclampsia prevention behaviour, with p values of 0.735 and 0.596, respectively. Cultural values are values inherent in society that are useful for regulating harmony and balance. The development of a cultural model of preeclampsia prevention through a cultural care model as a basic intervention to care for mothers throughout their pregnancy can increase positive behaviour in society.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135534360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Pabon Lasso Model is often used to assess the efficiency of hospitals as the most important component of the health care system. The present study sought to evaluate and compare the efficiency of hospitals in northern Iran before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the Pabon Lasso Model. This descriptive study was conducted in 36 public, private, and social security hospitals in northern Iran from 2019 to 2020. The hospitals were selected using the census method. The data were collected using the forms approved by the Ministry of Health and Education. The three indices of bed occupancy rate, bed turnover frequency, and the average length of stay were calculated and plotted using the Pabon Lasso graphs. The collected data were analysed using the paired samples t-test. The average bed occupancy rates in 2019 and 2020 were equal to 67.72% and 52.28%, lower than the national standard rate. Moreover, the average lengths of stay were 2.58 and 2.83 days and the bed turnover rates were 96.7 and 77.94, higher than the national standard rate. Of the total 36 hospitals in 2019, 33.3% of hospitals were in the first quarter (low efficiency), and 16.6% in the third quarter (high efficiency). Furthermore, the data for 2020 indicated that 38.8% of hospitals were in the first quarter (low efficiency), showing an increase compared to 2019 and 19.4% of hospitals were in the third quarter, indicating a decrease compared to 2019. The paired samples t-test indicated that the bed occupancy rate and bed turnover showed significant differences in 2019 and 2020 (P-value<0.05). The data confirmed that the average length of stay and bed turnover in the studied hospitals were favourable. In addition, unlike private hospitals, the number of efficient units in public hospitals decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, hospital managers need to pay more attention to improving performance indicators and increasing productivity in these hospitals.
{"title":"Comparing the Efficiency of Hospitals in Northern Iran Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic Using the Pabon Lasso Model","authors":"Roya Malekzadeh, Mozhgan Tavana, Ghasem Abedi, Arash Ziapour, Ehsan Abedini","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/13774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/13774","url":null,"abstract":"The Pabon Lasso Model is often used to assess the efficiency of hospitals as the most important component of the health care system. The present study sought to evaluate and compare the efficiency of hospitals in northern Iran before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the Pabon Lasso Model. This descriptive study was conducted in 36 public, private, and social security hospitals in northern Iran from 2019 to 2020. The hospitals were selected using the census method. The data were collected using the forms approved by the Ministry of Health and Education. The three indices of bed occupancy rate, bed turnover frequency, and the average length of stay were calculated and plotted using the Pabon Lasso graphs. The collected data were analysed using the paired samples t-test. The average bed occupancy rates in 2019 and 2020 were equal to 67.72% and 52.28%, lower than the national standard rate. Moreover, the average lengths of stay were 2.58 and 2.83 days and the bed turnover rates were 96.7 and 77.94, higher than the national standard rate. Of the total 36 hospitals in 2019, 33.3% of hospitals were in the first quarter (low efficiency), and 16.6% in the third quarter (high efficiency). Furthermore, the data for 2020 indicated that 38.8% of hospitals were in the first quarter (low efficiency), showing an increase compared to 2019 and 19.4% of hospitals were in the third quarter, indicating a decrease compared to 2019. The paired samples t-test indicated that the bed occupancy rate and bed turnover showed significant differences in 2019 and 2020 (P-value<0.05). The data confirmed that the average length of stay and bed turnover in the studied hospitals were favourable. In addition, unlike private hospitals, the number of efficient units in public hospitals decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, hospital managers need to pay more attention to improving performance indicators and increasing productivity in these hospitals.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/13333
Judith Bruce, Mzobanzi Mboya, Lizeth Roets
Human resources for health has been the centre of attention for many decades as more African countries fail to meet health targets even though there is no shortage of country-specific policies and strategies to improve these resources. The WHO Africa region has a critical shortage of nurses and midwives, which will remain unresolved as long as funding and policy implementation challenges persist. In the interim, the profession itself must find innovative and collaborative ways to make inroads into the nursing shortages – specifically in areas where advanced clinical skills are needed. Harnessing capacity from within universities in southern Africa is posited as one of the ways to bolster the education of nurses and midwives. Presented in part 1, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development project aimed to increase the number and enhance the quality of postgraduate education and clinical training of nurses and midwives to improve the quality of healthcare services with particular reference to the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality rates. In fulfilling this aim, clinical master’s programmes were developed and implemented in seven African countries. In this article, we chose illustrative case studies to describe the master’s programme design and roll-out, in line with the health profile of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Mozambique. We explain the programme electives, enrolments and throughput, including outputs and outcomes. From experiences gained and lessons learnt, we extrapolate implications for future cases that employ pan-African and south-to-south university partnerships.
{"title":"Harnessing Capacity in Southern Africa to Support and Develop Human Resources for Nursing and Midwifery in Africa – Part 2: Case Studies from the DRC and Mozambique","authors":"Judith Bruce, Mzobanzi Mboya, Lizeth Roets","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/13333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/13333","url":null,"abstract":"Human resources for health has been the centre of attention for many decades as more African countries fail to meet health targets even though there is no shortage of country-specific policies and strategies to improve these resources. The WHO Africa region has a critical shortage of nurses and midwives, which will remain unresolved as long as funding and policy implementation challenges persist. In the interim, the profession itself must find innovative and collaborative ways to make inroads into the nursing shortages – specifically in areas where advanced clinical skills are needed. Harnessing capacity from within universities in southern Africa is posited as one of the ways to bolster the education of nurses and midwives. Presented in part 1, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development project aimed to increase the number and enhance the quality of postgraduate education and clinical training of nurses and midwives to improve the quality of healthcare services with particular reference to the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality rates. In fulfilling this aim, clinical master’s programmes were developed and implemented in seven African countries. In this article, we chose illustrative case studies to describe the master’s programme design and roll-out, in line with the health profile of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Mozambique. We explain the programme electives, enrolments and throughput, including outputs and outcomes. From experiences gained and lessons learnt, we extrapolate implications for future cases that employ pan-African and south-to-south university partnerships.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135642033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.25159/2520-5293/13343
Mehreen Aslam
A placebo should not be used in clinical settings for pain management because it is associated with ethical dilemmas and also has detrimental health effects. It is illegal and immoral to fabricate, suppress and misrepresent information to the client, because concealing information has a considerable outcome on the patient-doctor relationship. The use of a placebo has a substantial negative impact on clients’ health when they are actually in pain. However, a placebo has an impact on patients’ expectations by activating a series of endogenous opioids that modify the experience of pain. While it is true that a placebo helps in reducing pain in some circumstances, we cannot just assume that a placebo always works effectively for all patients. The use of a placebo can compromise the patient’s safety or underrate the potential risk associated with disregarding the patient’s actual pain. The use of a placebo is ethically problematic as it falls under the concept of deception, and it is also injurious to misunderstand the actual pain that may lead to serious health consequences.
{"title":"Should Placebo Treatment Be Used in the Clinical Setting for Pain Management? A Commentary","authors":"Mehreen Aslam","doi":"10.25159/2520-5293/13343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/13343","url":null,"abstract":"A placebo should not be used in clinical settings for pain management because it is associated with ethical dilemmas and also has detrimental health effects. It is illegal and immoral to fabricate, suppress and misrepresent information to the client, because concealing information has a considerable outcome on the patient-doctor relationship. The use of a placebo has a substantial negative impact on clients’ health when they are actually in pain. However, a placebo has an impact on patients’ expectations by activating a series of endogenous opioids that modify the experience of pain. While it is true that a placebo helps in reducing pain in some circumstances, we cannot just assume that a placebo always works effectively for all patients. The use of a placebo can compromise the patient’s safety or underrate the potential risk associated with disregarding the patient’s actual pain. The use of a placebo is ethically problematic as it falls under the concept of deception, and it is also injurious to misunderstand the actual pain that may lead to serious health consequences.","PeriodicalId":42453,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135642029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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