Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805210
M. Avioz
ABSTRACT This paper examines biblical allusions to the story of Ahaz in 2 Chronicles 28. While earlier scholars have dealt mainly with 2 Kings 16 and Isaiah 7 as its parallels, this paper offers additional biblical sources that the Chronicles has made use of in his retelling of the Ahaz story. These additional sources help the Chronicler in reshaping his version of King Ahaz’s character.
{"title":"The Chronicler’s Use of Sources in His Retelling of the Story of Ahaz (2 Chronicles 28)","authors":"M. Avioz","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805210","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines biblical allusions to the story of Ahaz in 2 Chronicles 28. While earlier scholars have dealt mainly with 2 Kings 16 and Isaiah 7 as its parallels, this paper offers additional biblical sources that the Chronicles has made use of in his retelling of the Ahaz story. These additional sources help the Chronicler in reshaping his version of King Ahaz’s character.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42428735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805205
Lea Jacobsen
ABSTRACT In ancient households, it was not always the son who was born first who was granted the birthright. There were certain circumstances in which the father would prefer his younger son over him. But did the first-born son, when realizing that his status was threatened, submissively accept his fathers’ intentions to deprive him of his status? This question is examined in the light of the stories about Reuben (Gen 30,14-18; 35,22a). Jacob’s inclination to prefer the son of Rachel prompted Reuben to act in order to secure his status as the first-born. His awareness of the crucial power of influence of a dominant mother made him act in order to strengthen the position of his mother, Leah, and in this way to make her able to influence Jacob to grant him the birthright.
{"title":"“And Reuben Went” (Gen 30,14-18; 35,22a) – For his Mother’s Sake or for his Own?","authors":"Lea Jacobsen","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In ancient households, it was not always the son who was born first who was granted the birthright. There were certain circumstances in which the father would prefer his younger son over him. But did the first-born son, when realizing that his status was threatened, submissively accept his fathers’ intentions to deprive him of his status? This question is examined in the light of the stories about Reuben (Gen 30,14-18; 35,22a). Jacob’s inclination to prefer the son of Rachel prompted Reuben to act in order to secure his status as the first-born. His awareness of the crucial power of influence of a dominant mother made him act in order to strengthen the position of his mother, Leah, and in this way to make her able to influence Jacob to grant him the birthright.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44499606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1807105
R. E. Duniya
ABSTRACT This article is a literary historical approach to the book of Daniel viewed as Jewish 2nd century literature written toward the end of the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes. The focus of the article is to clarify the nature, identity and roles of the beings in the celestial battle mentioned in Daniel 10 and the connections between those beings and the sons of God in 4QDeutj’s reading of Deut 32,8. It is concluded that the kings of Persia mentioned in Dan 10,13 were tutelary deities; and that the combatant princes were servants in defense of the interests of the tutelary deities.
{"title":"The Kings and Princes in the Combat of Daniel 10","authors":"R. E. Duniya","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1807105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1807105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article is a literary historical approach to the book of Daniel viewed as Jewish 2nd century literature written toward the end of the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes. The focus of the article is to clarify the nature, identity and roles of the beings in the celestial battle mentioned in Daniel 10 and the connections between those beings and the sons of God in 4QDeutj’s reading of Deut 32,8. It is concluded that the kings of Persia mentioned in Dan 10,13 were tutelary deities; and that the combatant princes were servants in defense of the interests of the tutelary deities.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1807105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44806375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805209
Ayelet Seidler
ABSTRACT In Esth 3,2-4 and Jonah 1,6-12 we find fateful confrontations between the main character (Mordecai and Jonah, respectively) and a group of bystanders (the servants of the king; the passengers on the ship). In both instances, information that the hero conveys during his exchange with the bystanders is revealed in retrospect by the narrator, using an expression unique to these two narratives: “for he had told them….” In this article I propose that each narrative contrasts the hero’s self-identity with the manner in which his identity is understood by his interlocutors. The rhetorical technique of retrospection serves the narrator in emphasizing the conflict. The centrality of the question of identity in each exchange, and the use of the same rhetorical device and identical words in each case, lend support to the possibility of reading these as analogous narratives. The article concludes with a discussion of the significance of this analogy.
{"title":"“For he had told them”– Mordecai the Jew and Jonah the Hebrew","authors":"Ayelet Seidler","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805209","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Esth 3,2-4 and Jonah 1,6-12 we find fateful confrontations between the main character (Mordecai and Jonah, respectively) and a group of bystanders (the servants of the king; the passengers on the ship). In both instances, information that the hero conveys during his exchange with the bystanders is revealed in retrospect by the narrator, using an expression unique to these two narratives: “for he had told them….” In this article I propose that each narrative contrasts the hero’s self-identity with the manner in which his identity is understood by his interlocutors. The rhetorical technique of retrospection serves the narrator in emphasizing the conflict. The centrality of the question of identity in each exchange, and the use of the same rhetorical device and identical words in each case, lend support to the possibility of reading these as analogous narratives. The article concludes with a discussion of the significance of this analogy.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46054865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805207
Eric J. Tully
ABSTRACT The use of ancient translations such as the Septuagint, Peshitta or Vulgate represents a distinctive challenge in textual criticism. Before the translation can be used as a witness, we must understand how it relates to its source text, which we do not possess. This circular impasse is a crucial concept in textual criticism. The present article explores the interface between textual criticism and translation studies and suggests a model based on the analogy of recursion in computer programming. An initial hypothesis (in this case: the MT as a substitute source text), leads to preliminary conclusions, and then those conclusions are a basis for refining the hypothesis. The model is illustrated with an analysis of the Greek Septuagint of Jonah.
{"title":"A Model for Distinguishing between Textual Variants and Translation Shifts in Old Testament Textual Criticism","authors":"Eric J. Tully","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of ancient translations such as the Septuagint, Peshitta or Vulgate represents a distinctive challenge in textual criticism. Before the translation can be used as a witness, we must understand how it relates to its source text, which we do not possess. This circular impasse is a crucial concept in textual criticism. The present article explores the interface between textual criticism and translation studies and suggests a model based on the analogy of recursion in computer programming. An initial hypothesis (in this case: the MT as a substitute source text), leads to preliminary conclusions, and then those conclusions are a basis for refining the hypothesis. The model is illustrated with an analysis of the Greek Septuagint of Jonah.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42212728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805211
F. Poulsen
{"title":"Esther in Diaspora: Toward an Alternative Interpretative Framework","authors":"F. Poulsen","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48832647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805203
Andrew W. Dyck
ABSTRACT In this paper, I define and apply M. Halliday’s interpersonal metafunction methodology, a socio-linguistic approach to language known as Systemic Functional Linguistics, to an analysis of the dialogue between Nehemiah, son of Hakaliah, and Artaxerxes, King of Persia, in Neh 2,2-8. My purpose is to discover some truths concerning the social dynamics that exist between Nehemiah and Artaxerxes to inevitably uncover who, that being the governing discourse participant, is responsible for and/or holds in his control Judah’s restoration. To accomplish this task, I conduct both a mirco- and macro-level analysis of the designated corpus. In the end, the data reveals that Artaxerxes is the governing discourse participant though Nehemiah dominates the discourse by saying more. However, taking the greater co-text and context of Nehemiah into consideration, specifically Nehemiah’s prayer of chapter 1, there is potentially a third unmentioned discourse participant who could well be the one governing the result of the present dialogue. This unmentioned discourse participant is invariably Yahweh.
{"title":"“My Sad Face”: An Interpersonal Metafunction Analysis of the Dialogue Between Nehemiah, Son of Hakaliah, and Artaxerxes, King of Persia, in Nehemiah 2,2-8","authors":"Andrew W. Dyck","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805203","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, I define and apply M. Halliday’s interpersonal metafunction methodology, a socio-linguistic approach to language known as Systemic Functional Linguistics, to an analysis of the dialogue between Nehemiah, son of Hakaliah, and Artaxerxes, King of Persia, in Neh 2,2-8. My purpose is to discover some truths concerning the social dynamics that exist between Nehemiah and Artaxerxes to inevitably uncover who, that being the governing discourse participant, is responsible for and/or holds in his control Judah’s restoration. To accomplish this task, I conduct both a mirco- and macro-level analysis of the designated corpus. In the end, the data reveals that Artaxerxes is the governing discourse participant though Nehemiah dominates the discourse by saying more. However, taking the greater co-text and context of Nehemiah into consideration, specifically Nehemiah’s prayer of chapter 1, there is potentially a third unmentioned discourse participant who could well be the one governing the result of the present dialogue. This unmentioned discourse participant is invariably Yahweh.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43193043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1805206
M. Michael
ABSTRACT The story of David and Goliath has narrowly been interpreted as the dramatic victory of an underdog—David over a formidable Philistine giant—Goliath. This understanding of the story has largely dominated popular and scholarly interpretations of 1 Samuel 17. However, this typical reading of the story often ignores the intertextual character, the polemic intent and the rhetorical agenda of the David/Goliath story to the overall reading of the book of 1 Samuel. Departing from this approach, the paper underscores the anticipatory character of David/Goliath story as an important literary preview to the subsequent conflicts between David and Saul in 1 Samuel. Thus, the paper engages the intertextual connections and the literary significance of the David/Goliath story to the David/Saul conflicts in the book of Samuel. Significantly, the paper situates Saul on the same character pole as the Philistine villain–Goliath, and identifies specific intertextual elements of the story which subtly enforce these polemic intents. Interestingly, two Goliaths emerged from the narratives of 1 Samuel–namely the Philistine giant from Gath, and the giant-like figure of king Saul from Gibeah. Thus, Saul is largely implicated by his subtle representation as another “Goliath” in the polemic contentions and intertextual mapping of 1 Samuel.
{"title":"Is Saul the Second Goliath of 1 Samuel? The Rhetoric & Polemics of the David/Goliath Story in 1 Samuel","authors":"M. Michael","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1805206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805206","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The story of David and Goliath has narrowly been interpreted as the dramatic victory of an underdog—David over a formidable Philistine giant—Goliath. This understanding of the story has largely dominated popular and scholarly interpretations of 1 Samuel 17. However, this typical reading of the story often ignores the intertextual character, the polemic intent and the rhetorical agenda of the David/Goliath story to the overall reading of the book of 1 Samuel. Departing from this approach, the paper underscores the anticipatory character of David/Goliath story as an important literary preview to the subsequent conflicts between David and Saul in 1 Samuel. Thus, the paper engages the intertextual connections and the literary significance of the David/Goliath story to the David/Saul conflicts in the book of Samuel. Significantly, the paper situates Saul on the same character pole as the Philistine villain–Goliath, and identifies specific intertextual elements of the story which subtly enforce these polemic intents. Interestingly, two Goliaths emerged from the narratives of 1 Samuel–namely the Philistine giant from Gath, and the giant-like figure of king Saul from Gibeah. Thus, Saul is largely implicated by his subtle representation as another “Goliath” in the polemic contentions and intertextual mapping of 1 Samuel.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1805206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44201464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1807104
Francesco Arena
ABSTRACT Scholars have often considered the conflict between Jeremiah and the other prophets in the book as fundamental traits of his prophetic career and biographical accounts of the life of Jeremiah. This article defends an alternative view: prophetic conflicts in Jeremiah are literary creations produced by later redactors to strengthen Jeremiah’s status of true prophet of Yhwh, as it appears clear in addressing the clash between Jeremiah and some of other prophets in the book: Passhur, Ahab, Zedekiah and Shemaiah. In fact, none of these characters was originally a prophet nor was he connected to any prophetic activities. It was the work of later redactors that turned these characters into prophets of falsehood, in so reinforcing Jeremiah’s prophetic prerogatives in comparison.
{"title":"False Prophets in the Book of Jeremiah: Did They All Prophesy and Speak Falsehood?","authors":"Francesco Arena","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1807104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1807104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scholars have often considered the conflict between Jeremiah and the other prophets in the book as fundamental traits of his prophetic career and biographical accounts of the life of Jeremiah. This article defends an alternative view: prophetic conflicts in Jeremiah are literary creations produced by later redactors to strengthen Jeremiah’s status of true prophet of Yhwh, as it appears clear in addressing the clash between Jeremiah and some of other prophets in the book: Passhur, Ahab, Zedekiah and Shemaiah. In fact, none of these characters was originally a prophet nor was he connected to any prophetic activities. It was the work of later redactors that turned these characters into prophets of falsehood, in so reinforcing Jeremiah’s prophetic prerogatives in comparison.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1807104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42192147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09018328.2020.1801904
M. Marttila
ABSTRACT Timo Veijola (1947-2005) is internationally well known because of his numerous studies on Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History. Less known, however, are his contributions to biblical studies that he wrote in his native language Finnish. This article aims to shed light on this part of Veijola’s publications. A characteristic feature in Veijola’s Finnish publications is his endeavor to address his essays to a wider audience, not just for professional biblical scholars. This leads to topics and emphases that sometimes differ from his international studies. For instance, Veijola often examines the reception history of biblical passages in his Finnish essays. Furthermore, he pays attention to the hermeneutics and underlines repeatedly the significance of the Old Testament in the modern world. Veijola was famous for his interest in environmental issues. Due to his own personal experience Veijola attempts to explain to his Finnish readers what depression means as a biblical and present-day phenomenon.
{"title":"Timo Veijola’s Finnish Publications and Their Influence","authors":"M. Marttila","doi":"10.1080/09018328.2020.1801904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09018328.2020.1801904","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Timo Veijola (1947-2005) is internationally well known because of his numerous studies on Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History. Less known, however, are his contributions to biblical studies that he wrote in his native language Finnish. This article aims to shed light on this part of Veijola’s publications. A characteristic feature in Veijola’s Finnish publications is his endeavor to address his essays to a wider audience, not just for professional biblical scholars. This leads to topics and emphases that sometimes differ from his international studies. For instance, Veijola often examines the reception history of biblical passages in his Finnish essays. Furthermore, he pays attention to the hermeneutics and underlines repeatedly the significance of the Old Testament in the modern world. Veijola was famous for his interest in environmental issues. Due to his own personal experience Veijola attempts to explain to his Finnish readers what depression means as a biblical and present-day phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":42456,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09018328.2020.1801904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45596636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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