Abstract: We present an investigation for a particle confined in an infinite well with sinusoidal bottom, using the perturbation theory and numerical solution for the Schrödinger equation to obtain the eigen energies and wavefunctions. Potential strength and potential oscillation dependence of the state are examined and analyzed. It is shown that the particle in a box with sinusoidal bottom does not show up the Klauder phenomenon when the perturbations are gradually reduced to zero. The research results show that the potential oscillation significantly affects certain quantum states and, therefore, the ability to manipulate the energy difference between the states. In addition, our results for the present system converge to their corresponding values for the unperturbed one in the high-potential oscillation limit. Keywords: Infinite well, Perturbation theory, Sinusoidal potential, Numerical calculations, Klauder phenomenon.
{"title":"Numerical Calculations of Energies for an Infinite Potential Well with Sinusoidal Bottom","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: We present an investigation for a particle confined in an infinite well with sinusoidal bottom, using the perturbation theory and numerical solution for the Schrödinger equation to obtain the eigen energies and wavefunctions. Potential strength and potential oscillation dependence of the state are examined and analyzed. It is shown that the particle in a box with sinusoidal bottom does not show up the Klauder phenomenon when the perturbations are gradually reduced to zero. The research results show that the potential oscillation significantly affects certain quantum states and, therefore, the ability to manipulate the energy difference between the states. In addition, our results for the present system converge to their corresponding values for the unperturbed one in the high-potential oscillation limit.\u0000Keywords: Infinite well, Perturbation theory, Sinusoidal potential, Numerical calculations, Klauder phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42844623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: In this work, the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation is applied to determine an analytical expression of the form factor of oriented pyramidal ice crystals. This study will focus on two special cases of the normal incident of light: flat incidence and edge-on incidence. This form factor is calculated using an adequate decomposition of the pyramid. Furthermore, the analytical expression of the extinction coefficient is derived for these two special cases. Finally, some numerical examples are analyzed to illustrate our results. Keywords: Light scattering, Form factor, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation, Pyramidal ice crystals, Extinction efficiency. PACS: 41.20.-q; 41.85.-p.
{"title":"Form Factor of the Oriented Pyramidal Ice Crystals in the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin Approximation","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this work, the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation is applied to determine an analytical expression of the form factor of oriented pyramidal ice crystals. This study will focus on two special cases of the normal incident of light: flat incidence and edge-on incidence. This form factor is calculated using an adequate decomposition of the pyramid. Furthermore, the analytical expression of the extinction coefficient is derived for these two special cases. Finally, some numerical examples are analyzed to illustrate our results.\u0000Keywords: Light scattering, Form factor, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation, Pyramidal ice crystals, Extinction efficiency.\u0000PACS: 41.20.-q; 41.85.-p.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48110384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: This article shows that the existence of a universal frame of reference, in which light propagates, is still an unresolved problem of physics. The analyzed articles show that the rejection of the idea of ether due to Michelson-Morley’s and Kennedy-Thorndike’s experiments was too hasty. The zero results of these experiments can be explained by the theory with a universal frame of reference, in which light propagates. The fact that one-way speed of light has never been accurately measured and that there is a well-documented effect showing the anisotropy of space from the perspective of our frame of reference, which is the dipolar anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation, further substantiates theories with a universal frame of reference. The article shows that the null result of the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments does not determine the Lorentz symmetry. Keywords: Lorentz transformation, Coordinate and time transformation, Universal frame of reference, Anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation, One-way speed of light.
{"title":"The Existence of a Universal Frame of Reference, in Which it Propagates Light, is Still an Unresolved Problem of Physics","authors":"K. Szostek, R. Szostek","doi":"10.47011/15.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article shows that the existence of a universal frame of reference, in which light propagates, is still an unresolved problem of physics. The analyzed articles show that the rejection of the idea of ether due to Michelson-Morley’s and Kennedy-Thorndike’s experiments was too hasty. The zero results of these experiments can be explained by the theory with a universal frame of reference, in which light propagates. The fact that one-way speed of light has never been accurately measured and that there is a well-documented effect showing the anisotropy of space from the perspective of our frame of reference, which is the dipolar anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation, further substantiates theories with a universal frame of reference. The article shows that the null result of the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments does not determine the Lorentz symmetry.\u0000Keywords: Lorentz transformation, Coordinate and time transformation, Universal frame of reference, Anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation, One-way speed of light.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48892508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: In this work, we present a detailed study of a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the presence of quantum Gaussian well interaction. Further, we investigate the approximate solutions by using the harmonic oscillator approximation, variational principle, four-parameter potential fitting and numerical solution using the finite-difference method. The parabolic approximation yields an excellent energy value compared with the numerical solution of the Gaussian system only for the ground state, while for the excited states, it provides a higher approximation. Also, the analytical bound-state energies of the four-parameter potential under the framework of the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method have been used after getting the suitable values of the potential parameters using numerical fitting. The present results of the system states are found to be in high agreement with the well-known numerical results of the Gaussian potential. Keywords: Gaussian potential, One-dimensional Schrödinger equation, Nikiforov- Uvarov (NU) method, Four-parameter potential. PACS: 03.65.−w; 02.90.+p; 12.39.Pn.
{"title":"Approximate Energy Spectra of the Quantum Gaussian Well: A Four-parameter Potential Fitting","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this work, we present a detailed study of a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the presence of quantum Gaussian well interaction. Further, we investigate the approximate solutions by using the harmonic oscillator approximation, variational principle, four-parameter potential fitting and numerical solution using the finite-difference method. The parabolic approximation yields an excellent energy value compared with the numerical solution of the Gaussian system only for the ground state, while for the excited states, it provides a higher approximation. Also, the analytical bound-state energies of the four-parameter potential under the framework of the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method have been used after getting the suitable values of the potential parameters using numerical fitting. The present results of the system states are found to be in high agreement with the well-known numerical results of the Gaussian potential.\u0000Keywords: Gaussian potential, One-dimensional Schrödinger equation, Nikiforov- Uvarov (NU) method, Four-parameter potential.\u0000PACS: 03.65.−w; 02.90.+p; 12.39.Pn.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: In this work, we study the dissipative dynamics of a double-well Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) out-coupled to reservoir at each side of its trap. The sub-system comprises of a simple Bose-Hubbard model, where the interplay of atom-tunneling current and inter-particle interaction are the main quantum features. The contact with two separate heat baths causes dissipation and drives the system into a non-equilibrium state. The system is well described by the Generalized Quantum Heisenberg-Langevin equation. We considered two Markovian dissipative BEC systems based on (i) the mean-field model (MF), where the internal noise has been averaged out and (ii) the noise-correlated model (FDT). Physical quantities, such as population imbalance, coherence and entanglement of the system, are computed for the models. The two-mode BEC phases, such as the quantum tunneling state and the macroscopic quantum-trapping state, evolved into complicated dynamics by controlling the non-linear interaction and dissipation strengths. We found that many important quantum features produced by the noise-correlated FDT model are not captured by the mean-field model. Keywords: Double-well BEC, Dissipation, Noise, Markovian, Non-Markovian, Fixed points. PACS: 03.75 Lm, 03.65 Yz, 03.75 Gg, 05.
{"title":"Noise-dissipation Correlated Dynamics of a Double-well Bose-Einstein Condensate-reservoir System","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this work, we study the dissipative dynamics of a double-well Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) out-coupled to reservoir at each side of its trap. The sub-system comprises of a simple Bose-Hubbard model, where the interplay of atom-tunneling current and inter-particle interaction are the main quantum features. The contact with two separate heat baths causes dissipation and drives the system into a non-equilibrium state. The system is well described by the Generalized Quantum Heisenberg-Langevin equation. We considered two Markovian dissipative BEC systems based on (i) the mean-field model (MF), where the internal noise has been averaged out and (ii) the noise-correlated model (FDT). Physical quantities, such as population imbalance, coherence and entanglement of the system, are computed for the models. The two-mode BEC phases, such as the quantum tunneling state and the macroscopic quantum-trapping state, evolved into complicated dynamics by controlling the non-linear interaction and dissipation strengths. We found that many important quantum features produced by the noise-correlated FDT model are not captured by the mean-field model.\u0000Keywords: Double-well BEC, Dissipation, Noise, Markovian, Non-Markovian, Fixed points.\u0000PACS: 03.75 Lm, 03.65 Yz, 03.75 Gg, 05.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47142551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The need for high-precision radiometers for the measurement of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggered this research interest. This is due to the quest for the determination of the trends of terrestrial UV trends associated with the depletion of the ozone layer. This work features the development of a radiometer for the characterization of UV and ionizing radiations from the sun reaching the earth surface at a specific location. The radiations were quantified with the aid of a UV radiation sensor, Geiger tubes, a microcontroller and associated devices. Time series and location coordinates were stamped on the data records with the aid of NEO6M Global Positioning System (GPS) modules. The ionizing radiations were characterized in counts per minute (cpm), while the UV index indications were realized from the voltage output (mV) of the UV sensor using a model based on the UV index chart. The results obtained indicate that the UV index ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 3, while the radiation count ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 48 cpm for 3 days. Hence, the status of the ozone layer can be ascertained from a review of a much longer period of data gathering. Keywords: CPM, CSV, FFF, Geiger, GPS, Ionizing, UV.
{"title":"Development of a Radiometer for Ground-based Ultra Violet (UV)/ Cosmic Particle Characterization","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The need for high-precision radiometers for the measurement of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggered this research interest. This is due to the quest for the determination of the trends of terrestrial UV trends associated with the depletion of the ozone layer. This work features the development of a radiometer for the characterization of UV and ionizing radiations from the sun reaching the earth surface at a specific location. The radiations were quantified with the aid of a UV radiation sensor, Geiger tubes, a microcontroller and associated devices. Time series and location coordinates were stamped on the data records with the aid of NEO6M Global Positioning System (GPS) modules. The ionizing radiations were characterized in counts per minute (cpm), while the UV index indications were realized from the voltage output (mV) of the UV sensor using a model based on the UV index chart. The results obtained indicate that the UV index ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 3, while the radiation count ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 48 cpm for 3 days. Hence, the status of the ozone layer can be ascertained from a review of a much longer period of data gathering.\u0000Keywords: CPM, CSV, FFF, Geiger, GPS, Ionizing, UV.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45957364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The experimental studies of closest approach of Mars towards Earth on October 6 & 7, 2020, Mars at opposition on October 13, 2020 and transit of Moon across different constellations and planets at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India were conducted in the month of October, 2020 using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For the closest approach of Mars, the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 20.30 IST to 1.00 IST on the dates of October 6 & 7, 2020, for Mars at opposition data files stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 18.00 IST to 20.00 IST on the date of October 13, 2020 and for Moon in the constellation experimental study the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration for the time 18.30 IST – 19.00 IST in the month of October, 2020 dated 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28 and 29 at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India, using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For these experimental studies, the calibration of the scintillation detector was 2 keV per channel using a standard Cs137 source. Therefore, we detected the secondary radiation flux in the energy range from 2 keV to 2 MeV. Analyzed data of closest approach of Mars revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 4.5% on closest approach of Mars towards Earth at time 00.00 IST -00.30 IST (October 7) in comparison to the time 20.30 IST -21.00 IST (October 6). We interpret that such enhancement of SGR flux is on the basis of closest approach of Mars towards Earth, reflection of solar radiation from Mars towards Earth and gravitational lensing effect produced by Mars. For Mars at opposition, the analyzed data revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 1.7% in between times 19.00 IST – 19.30 IST. We interpret such enhancement of SGR flux on the basis of Mars at opposition, combined gravitational pull due to planet Mars, planet Earth and the Sun and gravitational lensing by Mars and for transit of Moon, the analyzed data revealed a significant variation of secondary gamma radiation flux (SGR) in the month of October. We interpret such variation of SGR flux on the basis of transit of Moon across different constellations and planets in the month of October. Keywords: Cosmic radiation, Reflection of solar radiation, Secondary gamma radiation, Closest approach of Mars, Mars at opposition, Combined gravitational pull and gravitational lensing effect by Mars, Transit of Moon across different constellations and planets.
{"title":"Variation of Secondary Gamma Radiation Flux during Closest Approach of Mars towards Earth, Mars at Opposition and Transit of Moon across Different Constellations and Planets in the Month of October, 2020 at Udaipur, India","authors":"D. Pareek, Pallavi Sengar","doi":"10.47011/15.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The experimental studies of closest approach of Mars towards Earth on October 6 & 7, 2020, Mars at opposition on October 13, 2020 and transit of Moon across different constellations and planets at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India were conducted in the month of October, 2020 using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For the closest approach of Mars, the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 20.30 IST to 1.00 IST on the dates of October 6 & 7, 2020, for Mars at opposition data files stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 18.00 IST to 20.00 IST on the date of October 13, 2020 and for Moon in the constellation experimental study the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration for the time 18.30 IST – 19.00 IST in the month of October, 2020 dated 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28 and 29 at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India, using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For these experimental studies, the calibration of the scintillation detector was 2 keV per channel using a standard Cs137 source. Therefore, we detected the secondary radiation flux in the energy range from 2 keV to 2 MeV. \u0000Analyzed data of closest approach of Mars revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 4.5% on closest approach of Mars towards Earth at time 00.00 IST -00.30 IST (October 7) in comparison to the time 20.30 IST -21.00 IST (October 6). We interpret that such enhancement of SGR flux is on the basis of closest approach of Mars towards Earth, reflection of solar radiation from Mars towards Earth and gravitational lensing effect produced by Mars. For Mars at opposition, the analyzed data revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 1.7% in between times 19.00 IST – 19.30 IST. We interpret such enhancement of SGR flux on the basis of Mars at opposition, combined gravitational pull due to planet Mars, planet Earth and the Sun and gravitational lensing by Mars and for transit of Moon, the analyzed data revealed a significant variation of secondary gamma radiation flux (SGR) in the month of October. We interpret such variation of SGR flux on the basis of transit of Moon across different constellations and planets in the month of October.\u0000Keywords: Cosmic radiation, Reflection of solar radiation, Secondary gamma radiation, Closest approach of Mars, Mars at opposition, Combined gravitational pull and gravitational lensing effect by Mars, Transit of Moon across different constellations and planets.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47320511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The effects of compaction pressure and particle size on the mechanical properties of Al-Glass/ ceramic-based samples are reported in this study. The samples were of a cross-sectional area of 34.0 x 35.0 mm2 with varying thicknesses of 20.8-22.10 mm. The particle size of 26.5 nm was used for glass, ceramic and aluminum powders. The samples were made into solids by pressing the materials together at a pressure of 30 MPa. Results showed that ceramic/glass addition and particle size greatly influenced the mechanical stability of the samples. Regarding the particle size, it was revealed that the samples were dynamically stable between 0-20 and 40-60 % weights of glass in the composites. The findings showed maximum strength for 40 % weight of glass or 30 % weight of ceramic in composites in the compression test analysis. Keywords: Pressure, Particle size, Dynamic stability, Compressive stress, Strain, Yield point.
文摘：研究了压实压力和颗粒尺寸对Al玻璃/陶瓷基试样力学性能的影响。样品的横截面积为34.0 x 35.0 mm2，厚度为20.8-22.10 mm。玻璃、陶瓷和铝粉的粒度为26.5 nm。通过在30MPa的压力下将材料压制在一起，将样品制成固体。结果表明，陶瓷/玻璃的添加量和颗粒尺寸对样品的力学稳定性有很大影响。关于颗粒尺寸，发现样品在复合材料中玻璃重量的0-20%-40-60%之间是动态稳定的。研究结果显示，在压缩试验分析中，复合材料中40%重量的玻璃或30%重量的陶瓷的最大强度。关键词：压力，粒度，动态稳定性，压缩应力，应变，屈服点。
{"title":"Dynamic Stability of Al-Glass/ Ceramic Composites","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The effects of compaction pressure and particle size on the mechanical properties of Al-Glass/ ceramic-based samples are reported in this study. The samples were of a cross-sectional area of 34.0 x 35.0 mm2 with varying thicknesses of 20.8-22.10 mm. The particle size of 26.5 nm was used for glass, ceramic and aluminum powders. The samples were made into solids by pressing the materials together at a pressure of 30 MPa. Results showed that ceramic/glass addition and particle size greatly influenced the mechanical stability of the samples. Regarding the particle size, it was revealed that the samples were dynamically stable between 0-20 and 40-60 % weights of glass in the composites. The findings showed maximum strength for 40 % weight of glass or 30 % weight of ceramic in composites in the compression test analysis.\u0000Keywords: Pressure, Particle size, Dynamic stability, Compressive stress, Strain, Yield point.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43639843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abojassim, Q. B. Muhamad, Noor Ali Jafer, A. Hassan, Mohammed
Abstract: In this study, the specific activity of the radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K was determined in groundwater samples and potable water in Al-Manathera, Al-Najaf governorate, Iraq. The study was carried out using an NaI(TI) scintillation detector of gamma spectroscopy of "3×3" dimensions. The concentrations in Bq/l of 238U, 232Th and 40K have average values of 8.3±1.2, 1.9±0.4 and 57.4±5.7 for the groundwater and 0.6±0.10, 0.07±0.02 and 2.7±0.50 for the potable water. At the same time, another effective dose of ingested water (EDIW) was also calculated in three age groups for the current study. These groups of age include infants (≤ 1 y), children (2 – 17y) and adults (> 17y). As for the comparison with global standards and international limits by WHO2011, ICRP 1991 and WHO 2000, we found that the calculated values for groundwater were over the standardized global limits, but those for potable water were within those limits. This is to say that the EDIW, in addition to the activity concentrations that are within the international limits, were set by the previously mentioned organizations and can be safely consumed. Their consumptions, however, do not pose a threat or a biohazard to their respective cities. On the other hand, consuming groundwater can negatively affect the city's population where the study was conducted. Keywords: Radionuclide, Effective dose, Drinking water, Al-Manathera.
{"title":"Natural Radioactivity Levels in Healthy and Groundwater Samples of Al-Manathera Region of Al-Najaf, Iraq","authors":"A. Abojassim, Q. B. Muhamad, Noor Ali Jafer, A. Hassan, Mohammed","doi":"10.47011/15.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this study, the specific activity of the radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K was determined in groundwater samples and potable water in Al-Manathera, Al-Najaf governorate, Iraq. The study was carried out using an NaI(TI) scintillation detector of gamma spectroscopy of \"3×3\" dimensions. The concentrations in Bq/l of 238U, 232Th and 40K have average values of 8.3±1.2, 1.9±0.4 and 57.4±5.7 for the groundwater and 0.6±0.10, 0.07±0.02 and 2.7±0.50 for the potable water. At the same time, another effective dose of ingested water (EDIW) was also calculated in three age groups for the current study. These groups of age include infants (≤ 1 y), children (2 – 17y) and adults (> 17y). As for the comparison with global standards and international limits by WHO2011, ICRP 1991 and WHO 2000, we found that the calculated values for groundwater were over the standardized global limits, but those for potable water were within those limits. This is to say that the EDIW, in addition to the activity concentrations that are within the international limits, were set by the previously mentioned organizations and can be safely consumed. Their consumptions, however, do not pose a threat or a biohazard to their respective cities. On the other hand, consuming groundwater can negatively affect the city's population where the study was conducted.\u0000Keywords: Radionuclide, Effective dose, Drinking water, Al-Manathera.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44591929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: In the present work, glass samples containing 10Li2O, 10K2O, 20Na2O. xPbO, (60-x)B2O3 (where x = 0-60) were prepared by the melt quenching method. The shielding parameters of the prepared samples were measured experimentally and calculated theoretically. The measurements have been performed at energies of 356.5, 662, 1173 and 1333 keV to obtain the total mass attenuation coefficient (μm), using a gamma spectrometer containing a shielded NaI (TI) detector. The results of mass attenuation coefficient (μm), half-value layers (HVLs), mean free path (MFP), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), atomic and electronic electron cross-sections (σa and σe), effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron number (Neff) were calculated at energies from 1 keV to 100 GeV using the Monte Carlo simulation code Geant4 and XCOM. The calculated results were compared with each other and with the experimental values. Good agreement has been observed. Keywords: Shielding properties, Glass, Photon mass attenuation coefficient, Atomic and electronic cross-sections, Effective atomic and electron numbers, XCOM, Geant4.
{"title":"Shielding Properties of Glass Samples Containing Li2O, K2O, Na2O, PbO and B2O3 by Geant4, XCOM and Experimental Data","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/15.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/15.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In the present work, glass samples containing 10Li2O, 10K2O, 20Na2O. xPbO, (60-x)B2O3 (where x = 0-60) were prepared by the melt quenching method. The shielding parameters of the prepared samples were measured experimentally and calculated theoretically. The measurements have been performed at energies of 356.5, 662, 1173 and 1333 keV to obtain the total mass attenuation coefficient (μm), using a gamma spectrometer containing a shielded NaI (TI) detector. The results of mass attenuation coefficient (μm), half-value layers (HVLs), mean free path (MFP), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), atomic and electronic electron cross-sections (σa and σe), effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron number (Neff) were calculated at energies from 1 keV to 100 GeV using the Monte Carlo simulation code Geant4 and XCOM. The calculated results were compared with each other and with the experimental values. Good agreement has been observed.\u0000Keywords: Shielding properties, Glass, Photon mass attenuation coefficient, Atomic and electronic cross-sections, Effective atomic and electron numbers, XCOM, Geant4.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49181489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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