Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.77-78
M. L. E. Parwanto
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, our society has come to understand that the cause is the Corona Virus (2019-nCoV) or more popularly known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has become a reality that as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have died. We need to record new cases of COVID-19 in other countries, namely the UK and Germany at the end of 2020. This needs to be conveyed because both countries are showing high new cases of COVID-19. The high number of new cases of COVID-19 in the UK and Germany is thought to be related with gene mutation that resulted new strain of SARS-CoV-2. It has been reported in the UK on December 2020 that SARS-CoV-2 gene mutations resulted in a new variant called VUI-202012/01 (Variant Under Investigation, year 2020, month 12, variant 01). The British government implemented new lockdowns for England and Scotland to deal with the spread of the new VUI-202012/01 variant of SARS-CoV-2. Recent news reports that the Government of Germany is extending lockdowns on its territory until January 31th 2021. The policy regarding the prohibition of foreigners entering Indonesia in relation to the emergence of a new variant of the corona virus in the UK is regulated in the Indonesia COVID-19 Task Force Circular Letter No.4 2020. Temporary entry restriction for Foreigners to Indonesia 1-14 january 2021.
{"title":"Response to mutation and variants of the SARS-CoV-2 gene","authors":"M. L. E. Parwanto","doi":"10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.77-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.77-78","url":null,"abstract":"Since the COVID-19 pandemic, our society has come to understand that the cause is the Corona Virus (2019-nCoV) or more popularly known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has become a reality that as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have died. We need to record new cases of COVID-19 in other countries, namely the UK and Germany at the end of 2020. This needs to be conveyed because both countries are showing high new cases of COVID-19. The high number of new cases of COVID-19 in the UK and Germany is thought to be related with gene mutation that resulted new strain of SARS-CoV-2. It has been reported in the UK on December 2020 that SARS-CoV-2 gene mutations resulted in a new variant called VUI-202012/01 (Variant Under Investigation, year 2020, month 12, variant 01). The British government implemented new lockdowns for England and Scotland to deal with the spread of the new VUI-202012/01 variant of SARS-CoV-2. Recent news reports that the Government of Germany is extending lockdowns on its territory until January 31th 2021. The policy regarding the prohibition of foreigners entering Indonesia in relation to the emergence of a new variant of the corona virus in the UK is regulated in the Indonesia COVID-19 Task Force Circular Letter No.4 2020. Temporary entry restriction for Foreigners to Indonesia 1-14 january 2021. ","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"40 1","pages":"77-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48374233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.79-89
N. Sevinc, B. Korkut
Background Health literacy (HL) is the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply health information, making it crucial for navigating coronavirus and COVID-19 information environments. The objective of this study was to determine the health literacy of international students who could not return to their countries after announcement of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and their perspective and behavior about COVID-19.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 399 international students. A 73-item questionnaire consisting of health literacy (23 items), knowledge, attitude and practice about Covid-19 (37 items), and sociodemographic characteristics (13 items) was answered by the students. The relationship between the HL score and various variables was determined using univariate and multiple binary logistic regression. Results Of the 399 international students, 322 (80.7%) participated. The HL of the international students was found to be poor (78.0%) and good (22.0%). Participants’ COVID-19-related behaviors: 8.4% of the participants’ knowledge level was good, and 38.5% had high COVID-19 related practice. Multivariate models showed that HL was independently and significantly associated with COVID-19 related practice (OR= 6.27; 95% CI: 2.45 - 15.79; p=0.000). ConclusionThis study revealed that international students’ HL was poor and that low COVID-19 related practice increased the risk of low HL in international students. According to the findings, further efforts should be made to enhance levels of HL and COVID-19-related behavior of international students.
{"title":"Low COVID-19-related practice increases the risk of poor health literacy in international students","authors":"N. Sevinc, B. Korkut","doi":"10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.79-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.79-89","url":null,"abstract":"Background Health literacy (HL) is the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply health information, making it crucial for navigating coronavirus and COVID-19 information environments. The objective of this study was to determine the health literacy of international students who could not return to their countries after announcement of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and their perspective and behavior about COVID-19.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 399 international students. A 73-item questionnaire consisting of health literacy (23 items), knowledge, attitude and practice about Covid-19 (37 items), and sociodemographic characteristics (13 items) was answered by the students. The relationship between the HL score and various variables was determined using univariate and multiple binary logistic regression. Results Of the 399 international students, 322 (80.7%) participated. The HL of the international students was found to be poor (78.0%) and good (22.0%). Participants’ COVID-19-related behaviors: 8.4% of the participants’ knowledge level was good, and 38.5% had high COVID-19 related practice. Multivariate models showed that HL was independently and significantly associated with COVID-19 related practice (OR= 6.27; 95% CI: 2.45 - 15.79; p=0.000). ConclusionThis study revealed that international students’ HL was poor and that low COVID-19 related practice increased the risk of low HL in international students. According to the findings, further efforts should be made to enhance levels of HL and COVID-19-related behavior of international students.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"40 1","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42433361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-26DOI: 10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.29-35
N. A. C. Sa’dyah, A. Putra, Bayu Tirta Dirja, N. Hidayah, Salma Yasmine Azzahara, Risky Candra Satria Irawan
IntroductionLiver fibrosis (LF) results from the unregulated chronic wound healing process in liver tissue. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is the major contributing cytokine of LF promotion through activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts (MFs) and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition such as collagen leading to scar tissue development. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have an immunomodulatory capability that could be used as a new treatment for repairing and regenerating LF through suppression of TGF-β. This study aimed to examine the role of MSCs in liver fibrosis animal models through suppression of TGF-β levels without scar formation particularly in the proliferation phase.MethodsIn this study, a completely randomized design was used with sample size of 24. Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), twice weekly, for eight weeks to induce LF. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups: negative control, CCl4 group, and CCL4 + MSC-treated groups T1 and T2, at doses of 1 x 106 and 2x106 cells, respectively. TGF-β levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way ANOVA and a least significant difference (LSD) was used to analyse the data. ResultsThe TGF levels of LF rat models decreased on day 7 after MSC administration. The levels of TGF-β in both MSC groups T1 and T2 decreased significantly compared with the control group (p<0.05). The TGF-β suppression capability of T2 was optimal and more significant than that of T1.ConclusionMSCs can suppress TGF levels in liver fibrosis induced rats.
{"title":"Suppression of transforming growth factor-β by mesenchymal stem-cells accelerates liver regeneration in liver fibrosis animal model","authors":"N. A. C. Sa’dyah, A. Putra, Bayu Tirta Dirja, N. Hidayah, Salma Yasmine Azzahara, Risky Candra Satria Irawan","doi":"10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.29-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.29-35","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionLiver fibrosis (LF) results from the unregulated chronic wound healing process in liver tissue. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is the major contributing cytokine of LF promotion through activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts (MFs) and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition such as collagen leading to scar tissue development. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have an immunomodulatory capability that could be used as a new treatment for repairing and regenerating LF through suppression of TGF-β. This study aimed to examine the role of MSCs in liver fibrosis animal models through suppression of TGF-β levels without scar formation particularly in the proliferation phase.MethodsIn this study, a completely randomized design was used with sample size of 24. Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), twice weekly, for eight weeks to induce LF. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups: negative control, CCl4 group, and CCL4 + MSC-treated groups T1 and T2, at doses of 1 x 106 and 2x106 cells, respectively. TGF-β levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way ANOVA and a least significant difference (LSD) was used to analyse the data. ResultsThe TGF levels of LF rat models decreased on day 7 after MSC administration. The levels of TGF-β in both MSC groups T1 and T2 decreased significantly compared with the control group (p<0.05). The TGF-β suppression capability of T2 was optimal and more significant than that of T1.ConclusionMSCs can suppress TGF levels in liver fibrosis induced rats.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42427729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-06DOI: 10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.52-56
Robert Sinurat, F. Gultom
BackgroundTumors of the skull usually affect adult patients and less than twenty percent of pediatric patients. As the tumors grow, the surrounding bone may undergo destruction and erosion. When the tumors are located in the fontanel, the timely closure of the fontanel may be inhibited. Epidermoid cysts are benign tumors that are intracranially located and very rarely in the midline of the cranium. Meanwhile about 32% of stratified-squamous epithelial epidermoid cysts affect the head and neck region and only 6.7% occur in the scalp. We report an unusual epidermoid cyst located and growing in the anterior fontanel of a pediatric patient and inhibiting fontanel closure.Case Description A 21-month-old boy and his parents visited our polyclinic because there was a lump on his anterior fontanel since four months before they came to the hospital. The lump was initially the size of a peanut and had grown to become as large as a quail’s egg. The physical examination was normal and the brain CT-scan showed bone destruction without any intracranial lesion. The tumor was excised on the preoperative diagnosis of dermoid cyst. Histopathology examination showed the characteristics of an epidermoid cyst. The cyst had a wall and was full of keratin flakes without hair follicles or sebaceous glands. Follow-up one year after complete excision did not reveal any recurrence. ConclusionEpidermoid cysts in the skull of pediatric patients must be completely excised as soon as possible because their growth can damage the bone and inhibit the closure of the sutures.
{"title":"Pediatric skull bone defect due to epidermoid cyst","authors":"Robert Sinurat, F. Gultom","doi":"10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.52-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/UNIVMED.2021.V40.52-56","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundTumors of the skull usually affect adult patients and less than twenty percent of pediatric patients. As the tumors grow, the surrounding bone may undergo destruction and erosion. When the tumors are located in the fontanel, the timely closure of the fontanel may be inhibited. Epidermoid cysts are benign tumors that are intracranially located and very rarely in the midline of the cranium. Meanwhile about 32% of stratified-squamous epithelial epidermoid cysts affect the head and neck region and only 6.7% occur in the scalp. We report an unusual epidermoid cyst located and growing in the anterior fontanel of a pediatric patient and inhibiting fontanel closure.Case Description A 21-month-old boy and his parents visited our polyclinic because there was a lump on his anterior fontanel since four months before they came to the hospital. The lump was initially the size of a peanut and had grown to become as large as a quail’s egg. The physical examination was normal and the brain CT-scan showed bone destruction without any intracranial lesion. The tumor was excised on the preoperative diagnosis of dermoid cyst. Histopathology examination showed the characteristics of an epidermoid cyst. The cyst had a wall and was full of keratin flakes without hair follicles or sebaceous glands. Follow-up one year after complete excision did not reveal any recurrence. ConclusionEpidermoid cysts in the skull of pediatric patients must be completely excised as soon as possible because their growth can damage the bone and inhibit the closure of the sutures.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44020715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.141-150
Risa Marissa, Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu, Hari Wujoso, S. Subandi, Prasetyo Sarwono Putro, W. Soewondo
BACKGROUNDMeningiomas are the most common primary extra-axial non-glial intracranial tumors. The severe grade of meningioma, according to WHO, has the highest recurrence rate accompanied by high morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is imperative to perform pre-operative assessments so the clinician can give prompt treatment to gain a better prognosis. It is a novel alternative way of predicting meningioma’s malignancy by calculating the tumor’s apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value. The objective of the study was to determine the value of ADC for differentiating benign and malignant meningiomas. METHODSThis cross-sectional study involved 32 subjects with clinically diagnosed or histologically verified meningioma (21 benign and 11 malignant). They underwent a head-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and biopsy. We calculated the ADC value by creating regions of interest (ROIs) on the solid part of the tumor, guided by contrast and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence. We analyzed the ADC value with independent t-test and Bland-Altman graphs, calculated the average difference, CI 95%, limit of agreement between observers, and ROC. RESULTSMean ADC of malignant meningiomas (0.877 ± 0.167 x 10-3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of benign meningiomas (0.990 ± 0.105 x 10-3 mm2/s) (p<0.05). The ADC threshold is 0.886 x 10-3 mm2/s with sensitivity 63.6%, specificity 85.7%, positive predictive value 70% and negative predictive value 81.8%. CONCLUSIONThe ADC value measurement provides a discriminative feature to differentiate between benign and malignant meningiomas. However, the clinical applicability still needs to be elucidated, as histopathological confirmation remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis.
{"title":"The diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient to differentiate benign and malignant meningiomas","authors":"Risa Marissa, Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu, Hari Wujoso, S. Subandi, Prasetyo Sarwono Putro, W. Soewondo","doi":"10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.141-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.141-150","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMeningiomas are the most common primary extra-axial non-glial intracranial tumors. The severe grade of meningioma, according to WHO, has the highest recurrence rate accompanied by high morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is imperative to perform pre-operative assessments so the clinician can give prompt treatment to gain a better prognosis. It is a novel alternative way of predicting meningioma’s malignancy by calculating the tumor’s apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value. The objective of the study was to determine the value of ADC for differentiating benign and malignant meningiomas. METHODSThis cross-sectional study involved 32 subjects with clinically diagnosed or histologically verified meningioma (21 benign and 11 malignant). They underwent a head-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and biopsy. We calculated the ADC value by creating regions of interest (ROIs) on the solid part of the tumor, guided by contrast and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence. We analyzed the ADC value with independent t-test and Bland-Altman graphs, calculated the average difference, CI 95%, limit of agreement between observers, and ROC. RESULTSMean ADC of malignant meningiomas (0.877 ± 0.167 x 10-3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of benign meningiomas (0.990 ± 0.105 x 10-3 mm2/s) (p<0.05). The ADC threshold is 0.886 x 10-3 mm2/s with sensitivity 63.6%, specificity 85.7%, positive predictive value 70% and negative predictive value 81.8%. CONCLUSIONThe ADC value measurement provides a discriminative feature to differentiate between benign and malignant meningiomas. However, the clinical applicability still needs to be elucidated, as histopathological confirmation remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67588423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.99-109
Komang Agung Irianto, Taufan Adityawardhana
BackgroundThe pandemic has placed health-care workers (HCW) under an unprecedented strain where surgeries are being delayed and health care workers’ deaths because of COVID-19 are prominent and causing staff shortages. An effective, fast, and concise approach to preoperative screening is very much needed. Hospitals are suggested to develop their own algorithm to minimize delays and complications. The objective of this study was to optimize HCW safety by developing a working system based on the hospital’s service capability in treating orthopedic surgeries. Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 305 HCW. Data were collected on the application of a novel elective and emergency orthopedic surgery clinical pathway and scoring method based on questionnaires, and laboratory and radiographic chest examinations for several months to ensure the safety of HCW. HCW COVID-19 status was routinely checked as the indicator of HCW’s safety. Results Mean age of all patients was 47.0 ± 22.41 years. The screening process was done in a series of questionnaires and laboratory examinations, with the majority of patients (82 or 35.9%) having a score of 0. Patients with a score of 3 or more and testing positive for COVID-19 were immediately referred to a hospital having adequate facilities to prevent delays. There were 51 patients (16.7%) with positive rapid test results, and 21 patients (6.8%) with positive PCR tests. There were 4 (1.3%) COVID-19 positive HCW. Conclusions Despite COVID-19 being a new threat, we have shown that developing an effective perioperative clinical pathway could eventually optimize healthcare worker safety.
{"title":"Effective perioperative scoring in orthopedic surgery to prevent Covid-19 infection","authors":"Komang Agung Irianto, Taufan Adityawardhana","doi":"10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.99-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.99-109","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe pandemic has placed health-care workers (HCW) under an unprecedented strain where surgeries are being delayed and health care workers’ deaths because of COVID-19 are prominent and causing staff shortages. An effective, fast, and concise approach to preoperative screening is very much needed. Hospitals are suggested to develop their own algorithm to minimize delays and complications. The objective of this study was to optimize HCW safety by developing a working system based on the hospital’s service capability in treating orthopedic surgeries. Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 305 HCW. Data were collected on the application of a novel elective and emergency orthopedic surgery clinical pathway and scoring method based on questionnaires, and laboratory and radiographic chest examinations for several months to ensure the safety of HCW. HCW COVID-19 status was routinely checked as the indicator of HCW’s safety. Results Mean age of all patients was 47.0 ± 22.41 years. The screening process was done in a series of questionnaires and laboratory examinations, with the majority of patients (82 or 35.9%) having a score of 0. Patients with a score of 3 or more and testing positive for COVID-19 were immediately referred to a hospital having adequate facilities to prevent delays. There were 51 patients (16.7%) with positive rapid test results, and 21 patients (6.8%) with positive PCR tests. There were 4 (1.3%) COVID-19 positive HCW. Conclusions Despite COVID-19 being a new threat, we have shown that developing an effective perioperative clinical pathway could eventually optimize healthcare worker safety.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67589034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.151-159
A. Andy, F. F. Prapiska, G. P. Siregar, S. M. Warli, Bungaran Sihombing
BackgroundRadical cystectomy (RC) is the gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. A predictive factor is needed for the aggressive approach as it could lead to overtreatment. Elevated blood cell count (BCC) markers are reported to have a significant association with poor outcomes in several types of malignancy. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are well-known inexpensive and effective representative markers of inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to determine the BCC as a predictive factor of overall survival (OS) in patients with bladder carcinoma (BC) after RC. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 26 patients who had undergone RC. The demographic characteristics and BCC markers such as hemoglobin (Hb). NLR, PLR and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) were collected. The patients were categorized based on the BCC marker value (³ median and < median). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was done to determine overall survival (OS) on BCC markers. The association between patient demographics and one-year survival was also determined using Mantel-Cox (Log-rank) method. ResultsAmong the 26 patients, the mean age was 55.6 ± 12.9 years. On univariate analysis, none of the demographic characteristics was found to be a significant predictor of one-year and overall survival (p>0.05). Hemoglobin, NLR, PLR and LMR were not significant predictors of one-year survival and OS (p>0.05). ConclusionsThe BCC was not a significant predictive factor of survival in patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy.
{"title":"Blood cell count is not a significant predictor of survival in bladder cancer after radical cystectomy","authors":"A. Andy, F. F. Prapiska, G. P. Siregar, S. M. Warli, Bungaran Sihombing","doi":"10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.151-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.151-159","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundRadical cystectomy (RC) is the gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. A predictive factor is needed for the aggressive approach as it could lead to overtreatment. Elevated blood cell count (BCC) markers are reported to have a significant association with poor outcomes in several types of malignancy. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are well-known inexpensive and effective representative markers of inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to determine the BCC as a predictive factor of overall survival (OS) in patients with bladder carcinoma (BC) after RC. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 26 patients who had undergone RC. The demographic characteristics and BCC markers such as hemoglobin (Hb). NLR, PLR and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) were collected. The patients were categorized based on the BCC marker value (³ median and < median). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was done to determine overall survival (OS) on BCC markers. The association between patient demographics and one-year survival was also determined using Mantel-Cox (Log-rank) method. ResultsAmong the 26 patients, the mean age was 55.6 ± 12.9 years. On univariate analysis, none of the demographic characteristics was found to be a significant predictor of one-year and overall survival (p>0.05). Hemoglobin, NLR, PLR and LMR were not significant predictors of one-year survival and OS (p>0.05). ConclusionsThe BCC was not a significant predictive factor of survival in patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67588722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.110-120
E. Sahiratmadja, Mugia Bayu Raharja, E. Setiawati, R. Panigoro
BACKGROUND Basic knowledge of sexual and reproductive health is important to be introduced during the premarital period, to reduce high-risk sexual behavior among adolescents, as well as to increase the correct attitude in their future marriage. This study explored the knowledge of HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and anemia among unmarried adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analytical study on secondary data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Population Survey 2017, initially conducted by the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN). Knowledge of HIV/AIDS, STDs and anemia among unmarried adolescents aged 15-24 years in West Java Province and Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, was compared and analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS In total, 5,389 weighted data were retrieved. In general, adolescents in Jakarta had better knowledge of all diseases compared to those in West Java (p<0.001). Knowledge of anemia and STDs was poor compared to that of HIV/AIDS which was moderate to good (p<0.001). Interestingly, although the adolescents had a middle-low wealth index (43%), the majority (>90%) had their own mobile phone with almost daily internet access, however most of their information sources on health education were from their school period. CONCLUSION Premarital education in schools is imperative to enhance the knowledge of STDs and anemia. Moreover, poor knowledge of anemia is a challenge for introducing the topic of thalassemia major, an inherited autosomal recessive type of anemia due to hemoglobinopathy. Since Indonesia is harboring 6-10% of thalassemia carriers, integrative premarital education is needed for better family planning.
{"title":"Poor knowledge of anemia and sexually transmitted disease but better knowledge of HIV/AIDS among unmarried adolescents aged 15-24 years","authors":"E. Sahiratmadja, Mugia Bayu Raharja, E. Setiawati, R. Panigoro","doi":"10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.110-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.110-120","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Basic knowledge of sexual and reproductive health is important to be introduced during the premarital period, to reduce high-risk sexual behavior among adolescents, as well as to increase the correct attitude in their future marriage. This study explored the knowledge of HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and anemia among unmarried adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analytical study on secondary data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Population Survey 2017, initially conducted by the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN). Knowledge of HIV/AIDS, STDs and anemia among unmarried adolescents aged 15-24 years in West Java Province and Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, was compared and analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS In total, 5,389 weighted data were retrieved. In general, adolescents in Jakarta had better knowledge of all diseases compared to those in West Java (p<0.001). Knowledge of anemia and STDs was poor compared to that of HIV/AIDS which was moderate to good (p<0.001). Interestingly, although the adolescents had a middle-low wealth index (43%), the majority (>90%) had their own mobile phone with almost daily internet access, however most of their information sources on health education were from their school period. CONCLUSION Premarital education in schools is imperative to enhance the knowledge of STDs and anemia. Moreover, poor knowledge of anemia is a challenge for introducing the topic of thalassemia major, an inherited autosomal recessive type of anemia due to hemoglobinopathy. Since Indonesia is harboring 6-10% of thalassemia carriers, integrative premarital education is needed for better family planning.","PeriodicalId":42578,"journal":{"name":"Universa Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67588408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.176-188
A. Anand, Juhi Saraswat, Rajan Patel
COVID-19 has emerged as a dreadful pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. Though the number of patients recovering from infection is encouraging, sturdy cure is still being researched upon and the effective vaccines are yet to be rigidly resolute. COVID-19 has so far instigated a massive loss of lives globally and even the countries with the most advanced healthcare systems have come under its grasp. Health experts suggest in such case “Prevention is better than cure” which includes an appropriate daily lifestyle and a rugged immune system that could help mankind surmount this peril. This review highlights the importance of influential herbs and their medicinal significance. Biomedical articles were explored from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science for the period of 2010-2021. Guidelines from the Ministry of Ayush (India) were also considered. The Ayurveda does not mention any cure for the novel coronavirus; however, it emphasizes the means of boosting one’s immunity. Accordingly, this article highlights some of the role of prevalent Ayurvedic herbs in promoting immunity for combating the novel coronavirus. The herbs in combination with drugs could be utilized for the sake of curtailing the side effects as well as the malefic repercussions of strong synthetic drugs used for treating COVID-19 patients, which would be a paramount leap in the field of Ayurveda as well as western-style medicine. However, the beneficial effects of these traditional medicines and their clinical trials remained to be known. We reviewed the latest updates on traditional medicines proposed for promoting immunity towards COVID-19.
COVID-19已经成为由SARS-CoV-2病毒引起的可怕的大流行。虽然从感染中恢复的患者数量令人鼓舞，但仍在研究坚固的治疗方法，有效的疫苗尚未得到严格的解决。到目前为止，COVID-19在全球范围内造成了大量生命损失，即使是医疗体系最先进的国家也受到了影响。在这种情况下，健康专家建议“预防胜于治疗”，其中包括适当的日常生活方式和强健的免疫系统，这可以帮助人类克服这种危险。这篇综述强调了有影响力的草药的重要性及其药用意义。从PubMed、b谷歌Scholar、Web of Science检索2010-2021年的生物医学论文。还考虑了阿尤什(印度)部的指导方针。阿育吠陀没有提到任何治疗新型冠状病毒的方法;然而，它强调的是提高免疫力的方法。因此，本文重点介绍了流行的阿育吠陀草药在提高免疫力以对抗新型冠状病毒方面的一些作用。为了减少治疗新冠肺炎患者的强效合成药物的副作用和不良反应，可以将草药与药物结合使用，这将是阿育吠陀医学和西医学领域的重大飞跃。然而，这些传统药物的有益效果及其临床试验仍有待了解。我们回顾了促进对COVID-19免疫的传统药物的最新进展。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.18051/univmed.2020.v39.199-206
Noer Triyanto Rusli, M. Mansyur, A. Kekalih, A. Sulistomo, R. A. Werdhani
BACKGROUNDThe application of Standard Precautions (SP) has become a significant challenge for healthcare workers, especially in developing countries, endangering their safety and increasing their exposure to blood-related pathogens. This study was aimed at exploring the factors related to nurses’ compliance with the practice of SP.METHODSA cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 nurses working at a hospital in Palembang. Health Belief Model components of the subjects were recorded through questionnaires. A 12-point observation form assessed the nurses’ SP compliance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore factors associated with nurses’ compliance.RESULTSThe results showed that 56.7% of participants had good compliance, although the five moments of hand hygiene still needed to be improved. The study revealed that the proportion of the operating room and emergency room nurses who complied with the SP was larger than the proportion of those who worked at the other wards (OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.51-4.36). The nurses who had received training also showed a larger proportion of compliance with SP than those who had not been trained (OR=2.70, 95% CI 1.07-6.79).CONCLUSIONNurses’ behavior to SP was significantly associated with the adequacy of the training and work unit. It is suggested that the practice of SP was also influenced by enabling factors and subjective norms. Adequate training of nurses, provision of infection prevention equipment, and assessment of occupational exposures need to be introduced.
标准预防措施(SP)的应用已成为卫生保健工作者面临的重大挑战，特别是在发展中国家，危及他们的安全并增加他们接触血液相关病原体的机会。本研究旨在探讨影响护士遵医嘱的相关因素。方法对巨港某医院120名护士进行横断面调查。通过问卷记录被试的健康信念模型成分。采用12点观察表评估护士的SP依从性。采用多元logistic回归模型探讨影响护士依从性的因素。结果56.7%的参与者遵医嘱良好，但手卫生五项仍需改进。研究发现，手术室和急诊室护士遵守SP的比例大于其他病房护士的比例(OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.51-4.36)。接受过培训的护士对SP的依从性也高于未接受培训的护士(OR=2.70, 95% CI 1.07 ~ 6.79)。结论护士的SP行为与培训的充分性、工作单位的充分性显著相关。提示SP的实践还受到使能因素和主观规范的影响。需要对护士进行充分的培训，提供感染预防设备，并对职业暴露进行评估。
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