Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.99.02
K. Bondar, S. Vyzhva, I. Sheiko, R. Kozlenko
The article describes the history of the development of geophysical methods in archaeological studies in Europe, the USA, the former USSR and Ukraine. In the 1950s the researchers quickly proceeded from the first sampling to the mass magnetic and electric measurements. In the 1980s there was a transition to digital registration during field studies, as well as rapid development of data processing. This led to the introduction of some geophysical methods in archaeology, which require complex calculations when processing the signal and inversion of data, such as georadar method, electrical resistivity tomography, induction method, etc. At the current stage, there is a need to interpret these more and more detailed and largescale geophysical data in the context of the differentiation of more and more weak in contrast physical properties, and small-scale inhomogeneities in the soil cover. Confirmation of the anthropogenic and technogenic occurrence of geophysical anomalies is searched for using direct measurement and modeling of physical parameters of soil and archaeological materials. The work also presents the achievements of domestic geophysicists, as they became the basis for the great modern archeological projects and made the archeological geophysics the fundamental part of the cultural heritage research in Ukraine.
{"title":"ARCHAEOLOGICAL GEOPHYSICS IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE: BEGINNING, DEVELOPMENT, PRESENT","authors":"K. Bondar, S. Vyzhva, I. Sheiko, R. Kozlenko","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.99.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.99.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the history of the development of geophysical methods in archaeological studies in Europe, the USA, the former USSR and Ukraine. In the 1950s the researchers quickly proceeded from the first sampling to the mass magnetic and electric measurements. In the 1980s there was a transition to digital registration during field studies, as well as rapid development of data processing. This led to the introduction of some geophysical methods in archaeology, which require complex calculations when processing the signal and inversion of data, such as georadar method, electrical resistivity tomography, induction method, etc. At the current stage, there is a need to interpret these more and more detailed and largescale geophysical data in the context of the differentiation of more and more weak in contrast physical properties, and small-scale inhomogeneities in the soil cover. Confirmation of the anthropogenic and technogenic occurrence of geophysical anomalies is searched for using direct measurement and modeling of physical parameters of soil and archaeological materials. The work also presents the achievements of domestic geophysicists, as they became the basis for the great modern archeological projects and made the archeological geophysics the fundamental part of the cultural heritage research in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81568402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.97.12
Yu.V. Lytvynenko, O. Melnychenko, V. Kadoshnikov, V. Shkapenko
This article presents the possibility of usage of the archaeological glasses to predict the behavior of radionuclides incorporated into the glass matrix, under the conditions of the underground storage during prolonged contact with the groundwater. Archaeological glasses, whose age is more than two thousand years old, selected from the cultural horizon of the archaeological reserve "Olvia" were examined. A gel layer was formed on the surface of the glass prolonged contact with the soil, on the outer surface of which layered aluminosilicates are formed. The formation of a protective layer of the glass occurs by the mechanism of the incongruent dissolution. It has been experimentally established that alkaline and alkaline earth cations (Na, Ca), partially silicon and iron, are intensively removed into the soil during leaching from the glass, with the practical immobility of aluminum. Simulation of glass fracture was performed in Soxhlet extractors under conditions of continuous exposure to hot water (t = 75–80 °C) saturated with carbon dioxide for 6 months. The change in the rate of components removal from the glass is connected with an increase in the thickness of the "locking" gel layer, the thickness of which increases over time. Cyclic changes in the dissolution rate of the glass are connected with the partial destruction of the gel layer due to the increase in thickness of the gel layer and, accordingly, a decrease in the adhesion of the gel to the glass. The results of the aluminosilicate (archaeological) glasses fracture study and their comparison with the results of the borosilicate glasses fracture study indicate that archaeological glasses can be a model for the predicting of the behavior in natural conditions of the glass matrices intended for radioactive waste volume reduction for centuries.
{"title":"ARCHAEOLOGICAL GLASSES – A MODEL FOR THE STABILITY EVALUATION OF THE VITRIFIED RADIOACTIVE WASTE","authors":"Yu.V. Lytvynenko, O. Melnychenko, V. Kadoshnikov, V. Shkapenko","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.97.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.97.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the possibility of usage of the archaeological glasses to predict the behavior of radionuclides incorporated into the glass matrix, under the conditions of the underground storage during prolonged contact with the groundwater. Archaeological glasses, whose age is more than two thousand years old, selected from the cultural horizon of the archaeological reserve \"Olvia\" were examined. A gel layer was formed on the surface of the glass prolonged contact with the soil, on the outer surface of which layered aluminosilicates are formed. The formation of a protective layer of the glass occurs by the mechanism of the incongruent dissolution. It has been experimentally established that alkaline and alkaline earth cations (Na, Ca), partially silicon and iron, are intensively removed into the soil during leaching from the glass, with the practical immobility of aluminum. Simulation of glass fracture was performed in Soxhlet extractors under conditions of continuous exposure to hot water (t = 75–80 °C) saturated with carbon dioxide for 6 months. The change in the rate of components removal from the glass is connected with an increase in the thickness of the \"locking\" gel layer, the thickness of which increases over time. Cyclic changes in the dissolution rate of the glass are connected with the partial destruction of the gel layer due to the increase in thickness of the gel layer and, accordingly, a decrease in the adhesion of the gel to the glass. The results of the aluminosilicate (archaeological) glasses fracture study and their comparison with the results of the borosilicate glasses fracture study indicate that archaeological glasses can be a model for the predicting of the behavior in natural conditions of the glass matrices intended for radioactive waste volume reduction for centuries.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81933377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.98.08
К. Derevska, К. Rudenko, М. Shevchuk, E. Myryzhuk
The article summarizes information about the Ilyinets structure exclusiveness, highlights its geological, mineralogical and geochemical, landscape and historical and cultural features. This topic relevance is due to the issues of preserving land resources within the cosmogenic landscape and assessing the state of the environment. The assessment of the ecological state of the study area made it possible to outline the threats to the environment within the Ilyinets crater. Among the natural origin threats, exogenous processes (geological work of surface waters, wind erosion, weathering) stand out, as a result of which ravines and gullies are formed; there is soil degradation, landscape changes and the like. Anthropogenic pressure carries two types of threats: unintentional actions to cause harm; and willful harm. The anthropogenic activity sometimes coincides with natural processes, raising their harmful consequences. In the work, stresses, critical, supercritical and catastrophic states of the environment of the Ilyinets impact structure are indicated. The characteristics and ranking of environmental threats are presented. The data obtained allow us to represent the ecological state of the Ilyinets crater as close to supercritical. We consider the administrative approach to the geological natural monuments allocation to be the main problem of the Ilyinets impact structure preservation. In order to stop the deterioration of the ecological state and preserve the unique natural structure, soils, landscapes and biogeodiversity of the territory, it is proposed to create the Ilyinets National Natural Park together with the existing botanical reserves, since increased ravine formation and intensive agricultural activities will lead to the land and forest resources degradation, impoverishment of biodiversity, as well as the loss of the recreational and tourist attractiveness of the region as a whole.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE ILYINETS IMPACT STRUCTURE ENVIRONMENT","authors":"К. Derevska, К. Rudenko, М. Shevchuk, E. Myryzhuk","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.98.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.98.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes information about the Ilyinets structure exclusiveness, highlights its geological, mineralogical and geochemical, landscape and historical and cultural features. This topic relevance is due to the issues of preserving land resources within the cosmogenic landscape and assessing the state of the environment. The assessment of the ecological state of the study area made it possible to outline the threats to the environment within the Ilyinets crater. Among the natural origin threats, exogenous processes (geological work of surface waters, wind erosion, weathering) stand out, as a result of which ravines and gullies are formed; there is soil degradation, landscape changes and the like. Anthropogenic pressure carries two types of threats: unintentional actions to cause harm; and willful harm. The anthropogenic activity sometimes coincides with natural processes, raising their harmful consequences. In the work, stresses, critical, supercritical and catastrophic states of the environment of the Ilyinets impact structure are indicated. The characteristics and ranking of environmental threats are presented. The data obtained allow us to represent the ecological state of the Ilyinets crater as close to supercritical. We consider the administrative approach to the geological natural monuments allocation to be the main problem of the Ilyinets impact structure preservation. In order to stop the deterioration of the ecological state and preserve the unique natural structure, soils, landscapes and biogeodiversity of the territory, it is proposed to create the Ilyinets National Natural Park together with the existing botanical reserves, since increased ravine formation and intensive agricultural activities will lead to the land and forest resources degradation, impoverishment of biodiversity, as well as the loss of the recreational and tourist attractiveness of the region as a whole.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78916716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.96.10
V. Mikhailov, S. Shniukov, A. Kostruba, T. Kharytonova, K. Hryhorieva, M. Tkalych
The current version of the Tax Code allows for misinterpretation of the interpretation of the term "primary processing of mineral resources". In particular, the tax authorities believe that the primary processing of mineral raw materials includes magnetite concentrate, which in this case is subject to taxation. That is, a number of mining and processing enterprises have faced the problem of double taxation, which threatens significant financial losses. Accordingly, this led to the choice of topic for writing this article, the purpose of which is to conduct research on changes in mineral forms of minerals (iron ore), their aggregate-phase state, crystal chemical structure during production processes at mining, crushing and concentrating production of Kryvyi Rih mining and processing enterprises, and establishing at what stage of production the primary processing of minerals for the purposes of rent taxation is completed and whether the position of enterprises on limiting primary processing by the stage of fragmentation meets the requirements of the Tax Code of Ukraine.
{"title":"LEGAL ASPECTS OF IRON ORE PROCESSING IN THE KRYVYI RIH IRON ORE BASIN","authors":"V. Mikhailov, S. Shniukov, A. Kostruba, T. Kharytonova, K. Hryhorieva, M. Tkalych","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.96.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.96.10","url":null,"abstract":"The current version of the Tax Code allows for misinterpretation of the interpretation of the term \"primary processing of mineral resources\". In particular, the tax authorities believe that the primary processing of mineral raw materials includes magnetite concentrate, which in this case is subject to taxation. That is, a number of mining and processing enterprises have faced the problem of double taxation, which threatens significant financial losses. Accordingly, this led to the choice of topic for writing this article, the purpose of which is to conduct research on changes in mineral forms of minerals (iron ore), their aggregate-phase state, crystal chemical structure during production processes at mining, crushing and concentrating production of Kryvyi Rih mining and processing enterprises, and establishing at what stage of production the primary processing of minerals for the purposes of rent taxation is completed and whether the position of enterprises on limiting primary processing by the stage of fragmentation meets the requirements of the Tax Code of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88721565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.98.02
M. Lushchyk, V. Mokryy, Ya. Moscvyak, L. Teodorovych
The article provides an inventory of geoparks from the list of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network. It is noted that geoparks as important tourist attractions have been the subject of scientific attention of many authors, but the data presented in these publications are outdated and can not claim to be relevant to the current state of the geoparks network, as it is quite dynamic and changes every year. The research of the chosen topic in the scientific domestic and foreign literature is characterized. The insufficiency of the tourism research of the UNESCO geoparks system is pointed out. The structural-territorial analysis of the distribution of objects is performed: absolute and relative indicators of the number of objects by macroregions are established. A cartographic model of the distribution of objects on the planet is presented. Monitoring of a specific set of geotourism attractions within each of the geoparks is done taking into account the following thematic types: geological and geomorphological (geological and geomorphological formations - the mountains, intermountain basins and gorges, craters and cones of volcanoes, river valleys, deltas and canyons, lakes, waterfalls, sea coasts, deserts and aeolian, glaciers and glacial, karst and pseudo-karst landforms, geological forms and phenomena - the minerals, rocks, structural and tectonic formations, paleontological fossils, geothermal phenomena; geological and geomorphological processes - volcanic eruptions, geyser explosions, avalanches, coastal processes on sea and lake coasts, melting glaciers, dune movements, erosion processes); industrial (the open and underground mine workings, clay and sand quarries, pits, exploratory shafts, drain lines, rock dumps, tunnels, catacombs, surface and underground military objects, engineering and geological activities, construction of tunnels, construction of roads and highways, use of geothermal water); cultural and cognitive (works of material culture are different buildings made of natural materials and the elements of their arrangement, stone pyramids, rock cities and temples, the stone artefacts, the stone elements of urban infrastructure, the works of art, jewellery, museum and other expositions, open-air expositions, such places of fossils, supporting stratigraphic sections, places of minerals and rocks location); tourist and infrastructural attractions (availability of the geopark for the access by several types of transport, several tourist accommodation options, currency exchange offices, recreation facilities, parking lots, places for tents; Tourist Information Centres; marked tourist routes for the needs of several types of tourism (cycling, green-, caving, water- tourism); marking of tourist attractions (information stands. Information support of tourism (creating internet portals of the geopark, mobile applications); accessibility of the geopark to the inclusive tourists). According to the indicators of occupancy of various thematic blocks
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF GLOBAL GEOPARKS IN EUROPE","authors":"M. Lushchyk, V. Mokryy, Ya. Moscvyak, L. Teodorovych","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.98.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.98.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an inventory of geoparks from the list of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network. It is noted that geoparks as important tourist attractions have been the subject of scientific attention of many authors, but the data presented in these publications are outdated and can not claim to be relevant to the current state of the geoparks network, as it is quite dynamic and changes every year. The research of the chosen topic in the scientific domestic and foreign literature is characterized. The insufficiency of the tourism research of the UNESCO geoparks system is pointed out. The structural-territorial analysis of the distribution of objects is performed: absolute and relative indicators of the number of objects by macroregions are established. A cartographic model of the distribution of objects on the planet is presented. Monitoring of a specific set of geotourism attractions within each of the geoparks is done taking into account the following thematic types: geological and geomorphological (geological and geomorphological formations - the mountains, intermountain basins and gorges, craters and cones of volcanoes, river valleys, deltas and canyons, lakes, waterfalls, sea coasts, deserts and aeolian, glaciers and glacial, karst and pseudo-karst landforms, geological forms and phenomena - the minerals, rocks, structural and tectonic formations, paleontological fossils, geothermal phenomena; geological and geomorphological processes - volcanic eruptions, geyser explosions, avalanches, coastal processes on sea and lake coasts, melting glaciers, dune movements, erosion processes); industrial (the open and underground mine workings, clay and sand quarries, pits, exploratory shafts, drain lines, rock dumps, tunnels, catacombs, surface and underground military objects, engineering and geological activities, construction of tunnels, construction of roads and highways, use of geothermal water); cultural and cognitive (works of material culture are different buildings made of natural materials and the elements of their arrangement, stone pyramids, rock cities and temples, the stone artefacts, the stone elements of urban infrastructure, the works of art, jewellery, museum and other expositions, open-air expositions, such places of fossils, supporting stratigraphic sections, places of minerals and rocks location); tourist and infrastructural attractions (availability of the geopark for the access by several types of transport, several tourist accommodation options, currency exchange offices, recreation facilities, parking lots, places for tents; Tourist Information Centres; marked tourist routes for the needs of several types of tourism (cycling, green-, caving, water- tourism); marking of tourist attractions (information stands. Information support of tourism (creating internet portals of the geopark, mobile applications); accessibility of the geopark to the inclusive tourists). According to the indicators of occupancy of various thematic blocks","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84485840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.97.13
P. Gryshchuk
Geological education is the basis for training specialists in the study of natural resources. The rational use of subsoil is the basis of the economic development of Ukraine, especially in the conditions of the energy transition. Educational institutions provide a wide range of disciplines for the geological training of students. Participation in international societies contributes to getting additional knowledge. The distribution of professional societies within institutions and enterprises is world practice in many countries. There are several geological associations that cooperate with Ukraine in the geologic sciences. The student section of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) was established at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv at the Department of Geophysics twenty years ago. The introduction to new features was interesting and useful for students and teachers. Thanks to SEG programs, students received new computer equipment, geophysical literature, educational courses, attendance of lectures, international participation in symposia, possibility of organizing field camps, getting of scholarships, etc. The field of activity of the SEG Kyiv student chapter covers reports on its work at international conferences and educational institutions, the invitation of specialists of the geological industry, participation in geological quizzes and competitions among foreign students, conducting geophysical studies, etc. Members of the SEG section organized international geoscience investigations in various regions of Ukraine. The geophysical surveys were conducted to study ancient buildings in Kamianets-Podilskyi, a gypsum Verteba cave and paleovolcanoes near Uzhgorod. 49 students from 11 countries participated in the field camps. Local studies of pipelines were carried out by geophysical methods near the building of the ESI "Institute of Geology" (Kyiv) and on Totoha Mount, located in Kyiv region. Students performed magnetics, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), surface seismic exploration, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), geodesic measurements and surveys UAV. The student chapter activity was presented at its meetings, with more than 50 reports. For 20 years, more than 100 students were members of the SEG section, which has been the basis for the AAPG and EAGE faculty circles. The SEG Kyiv student chapter is recognized as the best one in 2018. The geophysical section SEG has made a significant contribution to the spread of geological knowledge and the presentation of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv internationally.
{"title":"20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE STUDENT CHAPTER OF EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS AT KYIV UNIVERSITY!","authors":"P. Gryshchuk","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.97.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.97.13","url":null,"abstract":"Geological education is the basis for training specialists in the study of natural resources. The rational use of subsoil is the basis of the economic development of Ukraine, especially in the conditions of the energy transition. Educational institutions provide a wide range of disciplines for the geological training of students. Participation in international societies contributes to getting additional knowledge. The distribution of professional societies within institutions and enterprises is world practice in many countries. There are several geological associations that cooperate with Ukraine in the geologic sciences. The student section of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) was established at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv at the Department of Geophysics twenty years ago. The introduction to new features was interesting and useful for students and teachers. Thanks to SEG programs, students received new computer equipment, geophysical literature, educational courses, attendance of lectures, international participation in symposia, possibility of organizing field camps, getting of scholarships, etc. The field of activity of the SEG Kyiv student chapter covers reports on its work at international conferences and educational institutions, the invitation of specialists of the geological industry, participation in geological quizzes and competitions among foreign students, conducting geophysical studies, etc. Members of the SEG section organized international geoscience investigations in various regions of Ukraine. The geophysical surveys were conducted to study ancient buildings in Kamianets-Podilskyi, a gypsum Verteba cave and paleovolcanoes near Uzhgorod. 49 students from 11 countries participated in the field camps. Local studies of pipelines were carried out by geophysical methods near the building of the ESI \"Institute of Geology\" (Kyiv) and on Totoha Mount, located in Kyiv region. Students performed magnetics, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), surface seismic exploration, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), geodesic measurements and surveys UAV. The student chapter activity was presented at its meetings, with more than 50 reports. For 20 years, more than 100 students were members of the SEG section, which has been the basis for the AAPG and EAGE faculty circles. The SEG Kyiv student chapter is recognized as the best one in 2018. The geophysical section SEG has made a significant contribution to the spread of geological knowledge and the presentation of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv internationally.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80855021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.98.12
I. Cherevko, V. Zatserkovnyi, P. Trofymenko, І. Pampukha, B. Popkov, V. Hudak
Groundwater is the most dynamic and vulnerable component of the geological environment, which in real-time responds to changes in natural and natural-anthropogenic factors and defines the emergence and intensification of the dangerous geological processes, particularly such as landslides, ground subsidence, flooding, etc. To assess the impact of various factors on the exogenous geological processes (EGPs) development and intensification, primarily the most fast-changing ones, in addition to meteorological conditions (precipitation amount and its seasonal distribution) hydrogeological conditions, and the most volatile indicator - groundwater level – are taken into account. Continuous territory monitoring requires numerous complex and diverse problem solutions, including reasonable and comprehensive forecasting of changes under the influence of physical, chemical, and biological factors based on modern information technologies. Given that National Kyiv-Pechersk Preserve territory has a complex relief with a height difference of 74.5 m from south to northeast in real terms, it is necessary to conduct constant monitoring and landslide prevention activities, carry out surface water drainage measures, replace water supply and disposal communications, and determine the impact of changes in groundwater regime on the territory to achieve the ultimate objective. This multifaceted process can be optimized by a geodatabase, the use, and maintenance of which will enable to focus on the study of the hydrogeological conditions, in particular the groundwater regime and the nature of aquifers changes.
{"title":"GEODATABASE APPLICATION FOR REGIME OBSERVATIONS OF KYIV-PECHERSK LAVRA TERRITORY HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND ITS ANALYSIS","authors":"I. Cherevko, V. Zatserkovnyi, P. Trofymenko, І. Pampukha, B. Popkov, V. Hudak","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.98.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.98.12","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is the most dynamic and vulnerable component of the geological environment, which in real-time responds to changes in natural and natural-anthropogenic factors and defines the emergence and intensification of the dangerous geological processes, particularly such as landslides, ground subsidence, flooding, etc. To assess the impact of various factors on the exogenous geological processes (EGPs) development and intensification, primarily the most fast-changing ones, in addition to meteorological conditions (precipitation amount and its seasonal distribution) hydrogeological conditions, and the most volatile indicator - groundwater level – are taken into account. Continuous territory monitoring requires numerous complex and diverse problem solutions, including reasonable and comprehensive forecasting of changes under the influence of physical, chemical, and biological factors based on modern information technologies. Given that National Kyiv-Pechersk Preserve territory has a complex relief with a height difference of 74.5 m from south to northeast in real terms, it is necessary to conduct constant monitoring and landslide prevention activities, carry out surface water drainage measures, replace water supply and disposal communications, and determine the impact of changes in groundwater regime on the territory to achieve the ultimate objective. This multifaceted process can be optimized by a geodatabase, the use, and maintenance of which will enable to focus on the study of the hydrogeological conditions, in particular the groundwater regime and the nature of aquifers changes.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76227712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.96.09
N. Babayev
Based on modern field and laboratory studies, the conditions for the accumulation of some rare and scattered elements in mud volcano breccias have been described in the article, using the example of the most characteristic mud volcanoes of Absheron and Gobustan. A typomorphic geochemical association with boron mineralization of rare and scattered elements in solid products of mud volcanic eruptions has been determined. It has been revealed that mud volcanism is a favorable factor for the accumulation of boron, lithium, cesium and strontium in mud volcano breccias in practically interesting values. The maximum values of these concentrations were noted in the fresh erupted mud volcano breccias with remnants of water-silty mud. Sample variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation are the most controlling parameters of the distribution functions of the studied elements in mud volcano breccias. According to the estimates of these parameters, it has been found that the mud volcanic new formations are rich in boron, lithium and cesium, while not being rich in rubidium. The established average values of the concentration of boron (0.216 kg/t), lithium (55 g/t), rubidium (132 g/t) and cesium (50 g/t) can be considered as the first quantitative parameters of the geochemical specialization of mud volcanic eruption products using the example of Absheron Peninsula and Gobustan. These parameters can be used to refine the so-called provincial clarkes of geochemical zoning, prediction of prospecting for boron and rare alkalic, and other problems.
{"title":"GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACCUMULATION OF RARE AND SCATTERED ELEMENTS IN THE BRECCIAS OF MUD VOLCANOES OF AZERBAIJAN (ABSHERON PENINSULA, GOBUSTAN)","authors":"N. Babayev","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.96.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.96.09","url":null,"abstract":"Based on modern field and laboratory studies, the conditions for the accumulation of some rare and scattered elements in mud volcano breccias have been described in the article, using the example of the most characteristic mud volcanoes of Absheron and Gobustan. A typomorphic geochemical association with boron mineralization of rare and scattered elements in solid products of mud volcanic eruptions has been determined. It has been revealed that mud volcanism is a favorable factor for the accumulation of boron, lithium, cesium and strontium in mud volcano breccias in practically interesting values. The maximum values of these concentrations were noted in the fresh erupted mud volcano breccias with remnants of water-silty mud. Sample variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation are the most controlling parameters of the distribution functions of the studied elements in mud volcano breccias. According to the estimates of these parameters, it has been found that the mud volcanic new formations are rich in boron, lithium and cesium, while not being rich in rubidium. The established average values of the concentration of boron (0.216 kg/t), lithium (55 g/t), rubidium (132 g/t) and cesium (50 g/t) can be considered as the first quantitative parameters of the geochemical specialization of mud volcanic eruption products using the example of Absheron Peninsula and Gobustan. These parameters can be used to refine the so-called provincial clarkes of geochemical zoning, prediction of prospecting for boron and rare alkalic, and other problems.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74384992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.96.14
M. Popov, М. Тopolnytskyi, O. Titarenko, S. Stankevich
The article is devoted to the search and exploration of hydrocarbons deposits, which is a crucial and complicated geological task and requires the large bulk of initial data and significant intellectual efforts of geologists. In this regard, the urgent problem is to ease the working conditions of experts and improve the accuracy of forecasting the oil and gas potential of subsoil areas through the use of novel digital methods of heterogeneous data integration and interpretation. The paper proposes a new method to form predictive estimates of the oil and gas content of subsoil areas via combining geological, ground-based parametric, and satellite information. As the mathematical basis of the method, the means of Dempster-Shafer's theory of evidence are used, which makes it possible to combine data from different sources, proceed with incomplete and inaccurate data, etc. Most of the procedures that make up the body of the method are presented in the form of algorithms, which simplifies its technologization. The final information product of the proposed method is a map with the distribution of probabilistic estimates of oil and gas prospects of subsoil areas within a given study area. The developed method is implemented in software and tested at the Vostochno-Rogintsovskoye oil field. The test results indicated its fairly high efficiency.
{"title":"METHOD FOR OIL AND GAS ESTIMATES OF EXPLORATION SITES VIA GEOLOGICAL, PARAMETRIC AND SATELLITE INFORMATION","authors":"M. Popov, М. Тopolnytskyi, O. Titarenko, S. Stankevich","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.96.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.96.14","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the search and exploration of hydrocarbons deposits, which is a crucial and complicated geological task and requires the large bulk of initial data and significant intellectual efforts of geologists. In this regard, the urgent problem is to ease the working conditions of experts and improve the accuracy of forecasting the oil and gas potential of subsoil areas through the use of novel digital methods of heterogeneous data integration and interpretation. The paper proposes a new method to form predictive estimates of the oil and gas content of subsoil areas via combining geological, ground-based parametric, and satellite information. As the mathematical basis of the method, the means of Dempster-Shafer's theory of evidence are used, which makes it possible to combine data from different sources, proceed with incomplete and inaccurate data, etc. Most of the procedures that make up the body of the method are presented in the form of algorithms, which simplifies its technologization. The final information product of the proposed method is a map with the distribution of probabilistic estimates of oil and gas prospects of subsoil areas within a given study area. The developed method is implemented in software and tested at the Vostochno-Rogintsovskoye oil field. The test results indicated its fairly high efficiency.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83114255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.96.04
O. Ivanik, O. Menshov, D. Kravchenko, K. Bondar, K. Hadiatska, L. Tustanovska, R. Khomenko
The integrated geological, geophysical, and GIS methods for the overall assessment of the geological hazards within the urbanized environment were considered. The principal gap in the understanding of the geologically hazardous areas in Ukraine (landslide, soil erosion, pollution, etc.) is the lack of information about the properties of rocks and soils as well as their interaction with the past and present natural and anthropogenic formation. The study area is the landslide activation territory of Lysa Gora in Kyiv, Ukraine (Golosiivsky district). The slope has the conditional stabilization. At the same time the landslides provide the real dangery to the infrastructure facilities. One of the examples is the deformation of the railway along the Stolychne Highway. Landslide susceptibility data have been collected. The proposed methodology consists of the geological, geophysical, thermography, and remote sensing. This methods provide the possibility for the monitoring of landslides at the model areas in Kyiv region. The electrical resistivity tomography at the Lysa Gora identified two local zones of activation of landslide displacements, which are located in the range of depths of 3-8 m from the ground surface. The random distribution of the soil magnetic susceptibility and frequency dependence of the magnetic susceptibility both on lateral and verical line (soil genetic horizons) identified the presence of the displacement, redistribution and deposition of the soil and underlaying rocks. All the mentioned factors are in the genetic relation to the soil erosion and initial landslides.
{"title":"METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LANDSLIDE RISK ASSESSMENT WITHIN URBAN AREAS (CASE STUDY OF THE MODEL SITE \"LYSA GORA\", KYIV)","authors":"O. Ivanik, O. Menshov, D. Kravchenko, K. Bondar, K. Hadiatska, L. Tustanovska, R. Khomenko","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.96.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.96.04","url":null,"abstract":"The integrated geological, geophysical, and GIS methods for the overall assessment of the geological hazards within the urbanized environment were considered. The principal gap in the understanding of the geologically hazardous areas in Ukraine (landslide, soil erosion, pollution, etc.) is the lack of information about the properties of rocks and soils as well as their interaction with the past and present natural and anthropogenic formation. The study area is the landslide activation territory of Lysa Gora in Kyiv, Ukraine (Golosiivsky district). The slope has the conditional stabilization. At the same time the landslides provide the real dangery to the infrastructure facilities. One of the examples is the deformation of the railway along the Stolychne Highway. Landslide susceptibility data have been collected. The proposed methodology consists of the geological, geophysical, thermography, and remote sensing. This methods provide the possibility for the monitoring of landslides at the model areas in Kyiv region. The electrical resistivity tomography at the Lysa Gora identified two local zones of activation of landslide displacements, which are located in the range of depths of 3-8 m from the ground surface. The random distribution of the soil magnetic susceptibility and frequency dependence of the magnetic susceptibility both on lateral and verical line (soil genetic horizons) identified the presence of the displacement, redistribution and deposition of the soil and underlaying rocks. All the mentioned factors are in the genetic relation to the soil erosion and initial landslides.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90200763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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