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The Relationship Between Brain Activation for Taking Others' Perspective and Interoceptive Abilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An fMRI Study. 自闭症谱系障碍患者从他人角度看问题的大脑激活与互感能力之间的关系:一项 fMRI 研究
IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240008
Huiyeong Jeon, Ahjeong Hur, Hoyeon Lee, Yong-Wook Shin, Sang-Ick Lee, Chul-Jin Shin, Siekyeong Kim, Gawon Ju, Jeonghwan Lee, Joon Hyung Jung, Seungwon Chung, Jung-Woo Son

Objectives: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we aimed to investigate the differences in brain activation between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) individuals during perspective taking. We also examined the association between brain activation and empathic and interoceptive abilities.

Methods: During scanning, participants from the ASD (n=17) and TD (n=22) groups were shown pain stimuli and asked to rate the level of the observed pain from both self- and other-perspectives. Empathic abilities, including perspective taking, were measured using an empathic questionnaire, and three dimensions of interoception were assessed: interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and interoceptive trait prediction errors.

Results: During self-perspective taking, the ASD group exhibited greater activation in the left precuneus than the TD group. During other-perspective taking, relative hyperactivation extended to areas including the right precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus, left caudate nucleus, and left amygdala. Brain activation levels in the right superior frontal gyrus while taking other-perspective were negatively correlated with interoceptive accuracy, and those in the left caudate were negatively correlated with perspective taking ability in the ASD group.

Conclusion: Individuals with ASD show atypical brain activation during perspective taking. Notably, their brain regions associated with stress reactions and escape responses are overactivated when taking other-perspective. This overactivity is related to poor interoceptive accuracy, suggesting that individuals with ASD may experience difficulties with the self-other distinction or atypical embodiment when considering another person's perspective.

研究目的在这项功能磁共振成像研究中,我们旨在调查自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者和发育正常(TD)患者在透视过程中大脑激活的差异。我们还研究了大脑激活与移情和互感能力之间的关联:在扫描过程中,向 ASD 组(17 人)和 TD 组(22 人)的参与者展示疼痛刺激,并要求他们从自我和他人的角度对观察到的疼痛程度进行评分。共情能力(包括视角选择)通过共情问卷进行测量,内感知的三个维度也进行了评估:内感知准确性、内感知敏感性和内感知特质预测错误:结果:在自我透视过程中,ASD 组的左侧楔前肌比 TD 组表现出更大的激活。在进行他视时,相对过度激活的区域包括右侧楔前叶、右侧额上回、左侧尾状核和左侧杏仁核。在ASD群体中,右侧额上回在进行其他视角时的大脑激活水平与感知间的准确性呈负相关,而左侧尾状核的大脑激活水平与视角选择能力呈负相关:结论:ASD 患者在透视时表现出非典型的大脑激活。值得注意的是,他们与应激反应和逃避反应相关的脑区在透视他人时被过度激活。这种过度激活与感知间准确性差有关,表明自闭症患者在考虑他人视角时可能在自我与他人的区分或非典型性体现方面遇到困难。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment, Education, and Prognosis of Slow Learners (Borderline Intelligence). 迟钝学习者(边缘智力)的治疗、教育和预后。
IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240014
So Hee Lee

Objectives: Borderline intelligence has been excluded from formal diagnostic systems and not included in disability diagnoses, leaving gaps in treatment, education, and social welfare despite various functional impairments. Therefore, we aimed to shed light on ways to enhance the intelligence and functioning of individuals with borderline intelligence by reviewing research on its progression, education, and treatment.

Methods: Ten studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final literature review and analyzed according to detailed topics (participant characteristics, design, and results).

Results: Borderline intelligence is associated with various comorbid conditions, such as anxiety, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and addictive disorders, which negatively impact its course and prognosis. Individuals with borderline intelligence often face challenges in academics, employment, interpersonal relationships, and health owing to lifelong cognitive impairments. The treatment of borderline intelligence necessitates addressing environmental factors, such as neglect and abuse, as well as treating comorbid mental disorders, which are crucial for prognosis. Tailoring treatment programs for cognitive profile characteristics have been proposed, and studies have reported the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, working memory training, and intensive rehabilitation training. Therefore, early intervention during childhood brain development is necessary. Risk factors, such as lack of parental education, and their impact on treatment outcomes have also been reported.

Conclusion: Extensive research is needed on education, treatment, and prognosis related to borderline intelligence. Active intervention for children with borderline intelligence is essential to improve their functioning and quality of life.

目的:边缘智力一直被排除在正规诊断系统之外,也未被纳入残疾诊断中,因此尽管存在各种功能障碍,但在治疗、教育和社会福利方面仍存在差距。因此,我们旨在通过回顾有关边缘智力的发展、教育和治疗的研究,阐明提高边缘智力患者的智力和功能的方法:最终文献综述纳入了符合纳入和排除标准的十项研究,并根据详细主题(参与者特征、设计和结果)进行了分析:边缘智力与多种并发症有关,如焦虑症、抑郁症、注意力缺陷/多动障碍和成瘾性疾病,这些都会对其病程和预后产生负面影响。由于终生存在认知障碍,边缘智力患者往往在学业、就业、人际关系和健康方面面临挑战。要治疗边缘智力,就必须解决忽视和虐待等环境因素,并治疗合并的精神障碍,这对预后至关重要。有人提出了针对认知特征的治疗方案,有研究报告称,药物治疗、工作记忆训练和强化康复训练都很有效。因此,有必要在儿童大脑发育期进行早期干预。父母缺乏教育等风险因素及其对治疗效果的影响也有报道:结论:需要对与边缘智力有关的教育、治疗和预后进行广泛研究。对边缘智力儿童进行积极干预,对改善他们的功能和生活质量至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Disasters and Trauma, That Are Harmful to Children and Adolescents, Are All Too Common in the Real World and the Digital World. 在现实世界和数字世界中,对儿童和青少年造成伤害的灾难和创伤司空见惯。
IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240024
Un Sun Chung
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Analyzing Co-Occurrence of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury With Suicidal Ideation and Related Factors Among Adolescents in Jeju Island. 勘误:分析济州岛青少年非自杀性自伤与自杀意念的共存情况及相关因素。
IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240054e
Duk-Soo Moon, Un-Sun Chung, Young Sook Kwack, Bung-Nyun Kim, Na Ri Kang

[This corrects the article on p. 119 in vol. 35, PMID: 38601107.].

[此处更正了第 35 卷第 119 页的文章,PMID:38601107]。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Assessment Methods for Problematic Eating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder. 勘误:自闭症谱系障碍儿童和青少年问题性进食行为的评估方法。
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230065e
Miji Lee, Seolha Lee, Jong-Woo Sohn, Ki Woo Kim, Hyung Jin Choi

[This corrects the article on p. 57 in vol. 35, PMID: 38204745.].

[此处更正了第 35 卷第 57 页的文章,PMID:38204745]。
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引用次数: 0
Common Comorbid Condition of Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Pharmacotherapy for Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder 自闭症谱系障碍患者的常见并发症和自闭症谱系障碍患者的药物疗法
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230006
U. Chung, Ji-Hoon Kim
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引用次数: 0
Standardized Treatment and Shortened Depression Course can Reduce Cognitive Impairment in Adolescents With Depression 标准化治疗和缩短抑郁病程可减少青少年抑郁症患者的认知障碍
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230052
Penghui Cao, Junjie Tan, Xuezhen Liao, Jinwei Wang, Lihuan Chen, Ziyan Fang, Nannan Pan
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引用次数: 0
Korean Clinical Guideline for Autism Spectrum Disorder - Clinical Features, Course, Epidemiology, and Cause 韩国自闭症谱系障碍临床指南--临床特征、病程、流行病学和病因
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230040
Jun-Won Hwang, Jeong-Seop Lee
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引用次数: 0
Assessment Methods for Problematic Eating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder 自闭症谱系障碍儿童和青少年问题性进食行为的评估方法
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230065
Miji Lee, Seolha Lee, Jong-Woo Sohn, Ki Woo Kim, Hyung Jin Choi
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引用次数: 0
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Eating Problems: The Imbalance of Gut Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis Hypothesis 自闭症谱系障碍与饮食问题:肠道微生物群失衡与肠道-大脑轴假说
IF 2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.230063
Jiyoung Kim
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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