Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.34293/english.v8i3.3197
C. Joy Hepzibah
Adoption is a beautiful thing in the world when it comes to giving life to abandon children. But as said often, “The only guarantee if a child is adopted is trauma,” the same adoption is so brutal when the child has been separated from the living family members and given for adoption. There is no worse pain than the pain of the children being separated from their birth family. This research throws light on abscission from the familial cohesion because of the critical situations in the family. Here, in this study, a young child is abscissed from her own family by adoption. The permanent separation from her biological parents creates the feeling of separation and longingness in the novel, And the Mountains Echoed, written by Khaled Hosseini. Pari, is the adopted child, and the protagonist of the novel was in her immature age when she had been separated from her family. The importance of familial relationships is shown very deeply in this novel through the plight of the protagonist, Pari. After the years of separation, the same child who became a mature woman gets reunited with her brother. But the traumatic experience that she had undergone can never be undone.
{"title":"Abscission of Familial Bonding in Khaled Hosseini’s And the Mountains Echoed","authors":"C. Joy Hepzibah","doi":"10.34293/english.v8i3.3197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v8i3.3197","url":null,"abstract":"Adoption is a beautiful thing in the world when it comes to giving life to abandon children. But as said often, “The only guarantee if a child is adopted is trauma,” the same adoption is so brutal when the child has been separated from the living family members and given for adoption. There is no worse pain than the pain of the children being separated from their birth family. This research throws light on abscission from the familial cohesion because of the critical situations in the family. Here, in this study, a young child is abscissed from her own family by adoption. The permanent separation from her biological parents creates the feeling of separation and longingness in the novel, And the Mountains Echoed, written by Khaled Hosseini. Pari, is the adopted child, and the protagonist of the novel was in her immature age when she had been separated from her family. The importance of familial relationships is shown very deeply in this novel through the plight of the protagonist, Pari. After the years of separation, the same child who became a mature woman gets reunited with her brother. But the traumatic experience that she had undergone can never be undone.","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42674568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.34293/english.v8i3.3225
Jai Tiwari
The study has been able to ascertain and prove beyond doubt that Das’s prose works are of no less ranking than her poems and that she has effectively employed the short story form to present the predicaments of Indian womanhood and their quest for identity and self-assertion. The exhaustive evaluation and thorough scrutiny taking up various aspects of he stories right from her themes, structure and style, narrative techniques to her portrayal of Indian women, their status in society, and identity crisis have finally led to the emergence of the New Indian woman. Das’s feminist approach and overt outlook, along with the quest for a self-determined and self-affirmed identity for Indian women, have been well established through a methodical and exhaustive contemplation of the diverse women characters. The conclusion that emerges from this study undoubtedly corroborates and attests that Kamala Das’s name stands at par with the pioneer Indian woman short story writers. Das has efficiently and effectively used the short story genre as a document of social criticism and has established herself as a feminist crusader, campaigning to acquire for the Indian womanhood an independent identity and self-dignity. Das’s short story, with its innovative style and techniques, simple language, and concise form, has been brilliantly explored in discussing the problems facing Indian womanhood, especially her search for selfhood. Das has adeptly highlighted and presented her outlooks with the help of her characters. The fact that her English fictional work has remained obscure and un-honored is a sad story and a loss to literature.
{"title":"A Study in the Short Stories of Kamala Das","authors":"Jai Tiwari","doi":"10.34293/english.v8i3.3225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v8i3.3225","url":null,"abstract":"The study has been able to ascertain and prove beyond doubt that Das’s prose works are of no less ranking than her poems and that she has effectively employed the short story form to present the predicaments of Indian womanhood and their quest for identity and self-assertion. The exhaustive evaluation and thorough scrutiny taking up various aspects of he stories right from her themes, structure and style, narrative techniques to her portrayal of Indian women, their status in society, and identity crisis have finally led to the emergence of the New Indian woman. Das’s feminist approach and overt outlook, along with the quest for a self-determined and self-affirmed identity for Indian women, have been well established through a methodical and exhaustive contemplation of the diverse women characters. The conclusion that emerges from this study undoubtedly corroborates and attests that Kamala Das’s name stands at par with the pioneer Indian woman short story writers. Das has efficiently and effectively used the short story genre as a document of social criticism and has established herself as a feminist crusader, campaigning to acquire for the Indian womanhood an independent identity and self-dignity. Das’s short story, with its innovative style and techniques, simple language, and concise form, has been brilliantly explored in discussing the problems facing Indian womanhood, especially her search for selfhood. Das has adeptly highlighted and presented her outlooks with the help of her characters. The fact that her English fictional work has remained obscure and un-honored is a sad story and a loss to literature.","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42135334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.34293/english.v8i3.3194
D. Thamizhazhagan, D. Deviga
This research article investigates the poetic and supernatural representation in the literature of Walter Scott. His teaching, and antiquarian skills into his investigation of the possibilities of the survival, of the supernatural elements. The ballads and an unlettered legends tradition that appear to confirm his position as a believer in superstitious and irrational practices. This article will argue that Hogg possesses a shrewd and sophisticated understanding of the authority of the supernatural. This is visible in his hard literary work to evidence and looks into various types of uncanny evidence when compared with those of Scott. Keyword: Poetic languages, Supernatural elements, Bride of Lammermoor, Walter Scott. The Bride of Lammermoor is a tale which no man but a poet could tell, says Adolphus. Scott underway his profession as a poet. He engraved many ballads historical, traditional, and romantic. The Bride of Lammermoor is a ballad very much alike a primitive ballad. The paramount leitmotifs of the ballad are grudges between kings, electrifying escapades, household dissensions, wars, battles, and love. In this novel, there are three things – rivalry, clan dissensions, and love. Further, in an unenlightened ballad, there is no endeavor of moralizing, no stab of making it didactic. In this novel also Scott has no scruples to preach, no missive to give. It is more of a detached narrative. There is something expressive about this novel. The love offered in the medieval ballads is either acquitted or fierce, but it is always unassuming and intense. The two lovers in the novel love each other intensely. The gold coin given by the Master to Lucy is not a present of love; it is a tie between their love, and this association is only shattered when the two die. This overspill may not be inevitably in verse alone. It can be in prose also. This novel has sundry tracks in which is found a mien of spur-of-the-moment overflow. The Master’s words at the time of the interment of his father are a specimen of an elegiac expression. “Heaven do as much to me and more if I requite not to this man and his house, the ruin and disgrace him has brought on me and mine.” Again Lucy’s words, when she states about her premonitions, are worthy of note: It is decreed that every living creature, even those who owe me most kindness are to shun me and leave me to those by whom I am beset. It is just it should be thus. Alone and uncounseled, I involved myself in these perils – alone uncounseled, I must extricate myself or die. (BL 52) OPEN ACCESS
{"title":"An Exploration on Poetic and Supernatural Element in the Bride of Lammermoor By Walter Scott","authors":"D. Thamizhazhagan, D. Deviga","doi":"10.34293/english.v8i3.3194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v8i3.3194","url":null,"abstract":"This research article investigates the poetic and supernatural representation in the literature of Walter Scott. His teaching, and antiquarian skills into his investigation of the possibilities of the survival, of the supernatural elements. The ballads and an unlettered legends tradition that appear to confirm his position as a believer in superstitious and irrational practices. This article will argue that Hogg possesses a shrewd and sophisticated understanding of the authority of the supernatural. This is visible in his hard literary work to evidence and looks into various types of uncanny evidence when compared with those of Scott. Keyword: Poetic languages, Supernatural elements, Bride of Lammermoor, Walter Scott. The Bride of Lammermoor is a tale which no man but a poet could tell, says Adolphus. Scott underway his profession as a poet. He engraved many ballads historical, traditional, and romantic. The Bride of Lammermoor is a ballad very much alike a primitive ballad. The paramount leitmotifs of the ballad are grudges between kings, electrifying escapades, household dissensions, wars, battles, and love. In this novel, there are three things – rivalry, clan dissensions, and love. Further, in an unenlightened ballad, there is no endeavor of moralizing, no stab of making it didactic. In this novel also Scott has no scruples to preach, no missive to give. It is more of a detached narrative. There is something expressive about this novel. The love offered in the medieval ballads is either acquitted or fierce, but it is always unassuming and intense. The two lovers in the novel love each other intensely. The gold coin given by the Master to Lucy is not a present of love; it is a tie between their love, and this association is only shattered when the two die. This overspill may not be inevitably in verse alone. It can be in prose also. This novel has sundry tracks in which is found a mien of spur-of-the-moment overflow. The Master’s words at the time of the interment of his father are a specimen of an elegiac expression. “Heaven do as much to me and more if I requite not to this man and his house, the ruin and disgrace him has brought on me and mine.” Again Lucy’s words, when she states about her premonitions, are worthy of note: It is decreed that every living creature, even those who owe me most kindness are to shun me and leave me to those by whom I am beset. It is just it should be thus. Alone and uncounseled, I involved myself in these perils – alone uncounseled, I must extricate myself or die. (BL 52) OPEN ACCESS","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48548908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Springfield, Mexico. A Fan Fiction","authors":"J. Adcock","doi":"10.1093/ENGLISH/EFAA019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ENGLISH/EFAA019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ENGLISH/EFAA019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42878901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revivalism and Modern Irish Literature: The Anxiety of Transmission and the Dynamics of Renewal. By Fionntán de Brún","authors":"Gregory Castle","doi":"10.1093/english/efaa006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efaa006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efaa006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44313992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of humanistic geographers like Tim Cresswell, Edward Relph, and Yi-Fu Tuan from the 1970s onwards redefined the meaning of ‘place’, through extensive emphasis on human experience within and beyond the physical landscape. Since then ‘place’ has stretched its domain and traversed the terrains of various disciplines, including literary study and production. Discussing ‘place’ in relation to how the acclaimed Indian writer Neelum Saran Gour represents Allahabad shows how she reframes the ‘cultural geography’ of the city. While decoding her literary spaces, this interview focusses on the multidimensional concept of ‘place’ from geographical and social–cultural perspectives and how Allahabad, or any other place like Allahabad for that matter, becomes an extension of the writer’s ‘self’ and its inhabitants. This interview also explicates how Gour conceives the invisibilities of multicultural North Indian society in terms of its various linguistic and gendered identities. In turn, Gour’s work moves from regional singularity to represent ‘Indianness’ more broadly.
{"title":"Silhouetting the Self and Society: An Interview with Neelum Saran Gour","authors":"Chhandita Das, P. Tripathi","doi":"10.1093/english/efaa005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efaa005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The emergence of humanistic geographers like Tim Cresswell, Edward Relph, and Yi-Fu Tuan from the 1970s onwards redefined the meaning of ‘place’, through extensive emphasis on human experience within and beyond the physical landscape. Since then ‘place’ has stretched its domain and traversed the terrains of various disciplines, including literary study and production. Discussing ‘place’ in relation to how the acclaimed Indian writer Neelum Saran Gour represents Allahabad shows how she reframes the ‘cultural geography’ of the city. While decoding her literary spaces, this interview focusses on the multidimensional concept of ‘place’ from geographical and social–cultural perspectives and how Allahabad, or any other place like Allahabad for that matter, becomes an extension of the writer’s ‘self’ and its inhabitants. This interview also explicates how Gour conceives the invisibilities of multicultural North Indian society in terms of its various linguistic and gendered identities. In turn, Gour’s work moves from regional singularity to represent ‘Indianness’ more broadly.","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efaa005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44593489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paper Minds: Literature and the Ecology of Consciousness. by Jonathan Kramnick","authors":"K. Rose","doi":"10.1093/english/efaa007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efaa007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efaa007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43733409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Close Reading with Computers: Textual Scholarship, Computational Formalism, and David Mitchell’s Cloud Atlas. By Martin Paul Eve","authors":"Leah Henrickson","doi":"10.1093/english/efz050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efz050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efz050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47906889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the HIV/AIDS epidemic approaches its fifth decade, and emerging generations of queer-identified youth experience and conceptualize the virus in new ways, questions surrounding the memorialization and historicization of queer history have arisen within the arts. In the domain of theatre in particular, as mainstream revivals of crisis-era plays such as Larry Kramer’s The Normal Heart (1985) and Tony Kushner’s Angels in America (1991) proliferate, criticisms have arisen that such revivals feed into a narrative of the so-called ‘AIDS nostalgia’, pushing the idea that HIV/AIDS is a thing of the past and ignoring the ways in which the virus continues to shape individual social and sexual experiences. Recently, however, new plays such as Jonathan Harvey’s Canary (2010), the GHP Collective’s The Gay Heritage Project (2013), and Matthew Lopez’s The Inheritance (2018) have explicitly addressed this issue, conceptualizing a revised queer politics of HIV/AIDS that transcends Angels’ famous call for ‘The Great Work’ to begin. This article explores how The Inheritance in particular problematizes ‘AIDS nostalgia’ and configures novel approaches to the politics of HIV/AIDS in the twenty-first century. Alongside scholarship within the field of queer utopian studies such as José Estaban Muñoz’s Cruising Utopia (2009) and Jill Dolan’s Utopia in Performance (2005), it analyses the ways in which Lopez’s play employs utopian performatives to move towards a new politics of queer heritage.
{"title":"‘If we Can’t Have a Conversation with our Past, then What will be Our Future?’: HIV/AIDS, Queer Generationalism, and Utopian Performatives in Matthew Lopez’s The Inheritance","authors":"L. Hann","doi":"10.1093/english/efaa014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efaa014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the HIV/AIDS epidemic approaches its fifth decade, and emerging generations of queer-identified youth experience and conceptualize the virus in new ways, questions surrounding the memorialization and historicization of queer history have arisen within the arts. In the domain of theatre in particular, as mainstream revivals of crisis-era plays such as Larry Kramer’s The Normal Heart (1985) and Tony Kushner’s Angels in America (1991) proliferate, criticisms have arisen that such revivals feed into a narrative of the so-called ‘AIDS nostalgia’, pushing the idea that HIV/AIDS is a thing of the past and ignoring the ways in which the virus continues to shape individual social and sexual experiences. Recently, however, new plays such as Jonathan Harvey’s Canary (2010), the GHP Collective’s The Gay Heritage Project (2013), and Matthew Lopez’s The Inheritance (2018) have explicitly addressed this issue, conceptualizing a revised queer politics of HIV/AIDS that transcends Angels’ famous call for ‘The Great Work’ to begin. This article explores how The Inheritance in particular problematizes ‘AIDS nostalgia’ and configures novel approaches to the politics of HIV/AIDS in the twenty-first century. Alongside scholarship within the field of queer utopian studies such as José Estaban Muñoz’s Cruising Utopia (2009) and Jill Dolan’s Utopia in Performance (2005), it analyses the ways in which Lopez’s play employs utopian performatives to move towards a new politics of queer heritage.","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efaa014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43482711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is a little-known fact that Angela Carter was a traditional folk singer during the 1960s, that she played the English concertina, and that she co-founded a folk club in Bristol with her first husband, Paul Carter. A newly unearthed private archive of her folk song notes from the decade, which includes her musical notations and a recording of her singing, allows us to develop new understandings of her folk praxis and, when laid alongside her private journal entries, the folk album sleeve notes she penned, her undergraduate dissertation, and other unpublished papers, a whole host of possible new readings of her literary work emerges. This essay explores just one: gender fluidity in folk song performance and its impact upon Carter’s interpretations of gender identity in her debut novel, Shadow Dance. I will suggest that Carter learned gender ambiguity from her folk singing, and that her experience of singing afforded her freedoms to explore versions of sexual performance and gendered selfhood through male characters. More broadly, I will suggest that she buried musical folk song features into the structures of her writing to present her prose as a form of audial performance.
{"title":"‘Me and Not-Me’: Folk Songs, Narrative Perspectives, and The Gender Imaginary in Angela Carter’s Shadow Dance","authors":"Polly Paulusma","doi":"10.1093/english/efaa011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/english/efaa011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is a little-known fact that Angela Carter was a traditional folk singer during the 1960s, that she played the English concertina, and that she co-founded a folk club in Bristol with her first husband, Paul Carter. A newly unearthed private archive of her folk song notes from the decade, which includes her musical notations and a recording of her singing, allows us to develop new understandings of her folk praxis and, when laid alongside her private journal entries, the folk album sleeve notes she penned, her undergraduate dissertation, and other unpublished papers, a whole host of possible new readings of her literary work emerges. This essay explores just one: gender fluidity in folk song performance and its impact upon Carter’s interpretations of gender identity in her debut novel, Shadow Dance. I will suggest that Carter learned gender ambiguity from her folk singing, and that her experience of singing afforded her freedoms to explore versions of sexual performance and gendered selfhood through male characters. More broadly, I will suggest that she buried musical folk song features into the structures of her writing to present her prose as a form of audial performance.","PeriodicalId":42863,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/english/efaa011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45417227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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