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Comparación en altura de planta y producción de brotes entre dos variedades de pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.) 两种火龙果品种的株高和芽产量比较
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i3.6105
J. E. Monge-Pérez, Michelle Loría-Coto
El objetivo fue comparar la altura de la planta y la producción de brotes en pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.), y su relación con las variables climáticas, en las variedades San Ignacio y Amarilla.  El ensayo se realizó en San Mateo, Alajuela, Costa Rica, de febrero 2017 a diciembre 2019.  Las variables evaluadas fueron:  altura de planta (AP, en cm), número de brotes vegetativos (NBV), número de brotes reproductivos (NBR), precipitación pluvial (P, en mm), humedad relativa (HR, en %), temperatura promedio (Tp, en °C), temperatura máxima (Tmáx, en °C), y temperatura mínima (Tmín, en °C).  No se presentaron diferencias significativas en AP y NBR entre ambas variedades; sin embargo, NBV fue significativamente mayor para la variedad San Ignacio (0,40), con respecto a la variedad Amarilla (0,20), lo que podría indicar una mejor adaptación de la variedad San Ignacio a las condiciones en que se realizó el ensayo.  Los brotes reproductivos se produjeron únicamente durante la estación lluviosa; en 2018 y 2019, la variedad Amarilla presentó dos ciclos principales de floración por año, mientras que la variedad San Ignacio mostró tres ciclos por año.
本研究的目的是比较火鸡品种San Ignacio和Amarilla的株高和芽产量及其与气候变量的关系。该试验于2017年2月至2019年12月在哥斯达黎加阿拉胡埃拉的圣马特奥进行。评价变量为株高(AP, cm)、营养芽数(NBV)、生殖芽数(NBR)、降雨量(P, mm)、相对湿度(HR, %)、平均温度(Tp,°C)、最高温度(tmax,°C)和最低温度(tmin,°C)。两个品种的AP和NBR无显著差异;结果表明,San Ignacio品种(0.40)的NBV显著高于黄色品种(0.20),这可能表明San Ignacio品种对试验条件的适应性更好。生殖芽只发生在雨季;2018年和2019年,黄色品种每年有两个主要开花周期,而圣伊格纳西奥品种每年有三个开花周期。
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引用次数: 0
Germinación in vitro de Calibrachoa thymifolia y Calibrachoa missionica nativas de la Argentina 原产于阿根廷的百里叶Calibrachoa和missionica的离体萌发
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i3.6142
Leticia Tombion, M. A. Coviella, María Julia Pannunzio, M. S. Soto, Paula Bologna
Calibrachoa es un género originario de América del Sur que pertenece a la familia Solanaceae. La utilización de semillas de especies de calibrachoa nativas de la Argentina sirve como fuente de variabilidad natural y con fines de investigación, por lo que su germinación in vitro representa una herramienta rápida y confiable frente a otras técnicas de germinación tradicionales. Por ello, en este trabajo se evaluó la germinación in vitro de C. thymifolia y C. missionica bajo los medios de cultivos Murashige y Skoog y Woody plant medium, y se vio que ambos son eficientes para la germinación de estas especies. A su vez, se determinó que, bajo las condiciones de este experimento, C. thymifolia logra germinar una mayor cantidad de semillas en un menor tiempo con respecto a C. missionica.
= =地理= =根据美国人口普查,这个县的面积为。利用阿根廷本土calibrachoa种的种子作为自然变异的来源和研究目的,使其离体萌发比其他传统萌发技术是一种快速和可靠的工具。因此,本研究评价了在Murashige、Skoog和Woody植物培养基下的胸叶C. thymifolia和C. missionica离体萌发,发现两者都对这些物种的萌发有效。结果表明,在本实验条件下,胸叶C. thymifolia在较短的时间内能够发芽更多的种子。
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引用次数: 0
A Dual Core Source/Drain GAA FinFET 一个双核源/漏GAA FinFET
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6748
Prachuryya Subash Das, Deepjyoti Deb, Rupam Goswami, Santanu Sharma, Rajesh Saha, Hirakjyoti Choudhury
The emergence of fin-shaped field effect transistors (FinFETs) was governed by the requirement of the VLSI industry to include more functionalities per unit chip area. Enhanced gate control in a FinFET due to a surrounding gate architecture built on the fundamental geometry of a MOSFET made them highly compatible to the existing CMOS circuit applications. The announcement of a vertically stacked multiple FinFET structure named as Ribbon-FET by Intel Corporation in 2021 motivates the work presented in this article. This article proposes a dual core sourcedrain gate-all-around FinFET, and evaluates its performance in terms of variation in core doping concentrations through technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations. The advantage of having a dual core in source and drain regions is the opportunity to tune the performance metrics of the device by altering the doping concentration in the outer, and inner cores. The response of the optimized architecture to presence of acceptor-like, and donor-like traps in oxide/ channel interface is presented. The acceptor-like traps affect the characteristics in its on-state, whereas the donor-like traps influence the off-state of the device. DIBL reduces with the introduction of interface traps.
鳍形场效应晶体管(finfet)的出现是受超大规模集成电路(VLSI)行业对每单位芯片面积包含更多功能的要求所支配的。由于建立在MOSFET基本几何结构上的周围栅极结构,增强了FinFET的栅极控制,使其与现有的CMOS电路应用高度兼容。英特尔公司在2021年宣布了一种垂直堆叠的多FinFET结构,称为Ribbon-FET,这激发了本文所介绍的工作。本文提出了一种双核源极栅极全域FinFET,并通过计算机辅助设计(TCAD)模拟技术评估了其在芯掺杂浓度变化方面的性能。在源极区和漏极区使用双核的优点是可以通过改变内外核的掺杂浓度来调整器件的性能指标。给出了优化后的结构对氧化物/通道界面中存在的类受体和类供体陷阱的响应。类受体陷阱影响其导通状态的特性,而类供体陷阱影响器件的关断状态。DIBL随着接口陷阱的引入而减少。
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引用次数: 2
Educación STEM a través del modelado e implementación de impresión 3D dentro de las áreas biomédica e industrial 在生物医学和工业领域通过3D打印建模和实施的STEM教育
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6756
Keyner Araya-Portuguez, Daniel Torres-Ulate
El modelado e impresión 3D es una tecnología ampliamente utilizada. Puede ser utilizado en diferentes áreas de la industria como para imprimir dispositivos electrónicos como sensores y placas electrónicas, implementaciones dentro del área biomédica para fabricar prótesis y partes del cuerpo humano para preparación quirúrgica, o incluso dentro de industrias por ejemplo aeronáutica y automotriz. Todas estas aplicaciones y su importancia dentro de nuestra sociedad nos hacen requerir un mayor énfasis en las áreas de educación de tallos que involucran estas tecnologías. Por ello es que se considera que es de vital importancia enseñar esta relevante tecnología a personas jóvenes y creativas, que aún no están seguras de que camino tomar en su vida universitaria, un taller sobre estas tecnologías puede darle ese impulso que les falta para poder tomar una decisión y motivarse a innovar mediante la creación de diseños en modelado 3D por software y luego prototipar tanto en software como en impresión 3D.
3D建模和打印是一项应用广泛的技术。它可以用于工业的不同领域,如打印电子设备,如传感器和电路板,在生物医学领域的实施,以制造假体和人体部分的外科准备,甚至在工业,如航空和汽车。所有这些应用及其在我们社会中的重要性要求我们更加重视涉及这些技术的茎类教育领域。因此被认为是极其重要的教未成年人和创造性,这种相关技术仍未确定的方式采取的校园生活,一次关于这些技术可以这种势头,让他们可以做出决定,通过建立激励创新设计3D建模软件,然后prototipar无论是在软件、3D打印。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility study for the implementation of number portability in Nicaragua 在尼加拉瓜实施号码可携性的可行性研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6763
Guillermo de Jesús Valdivia-Medina
The document “Feasibility Study for the Implementation of Number Portability in Nicaragua” proposes the mechanisms to implement operator Number Portability, taking into account the ITU-T Series Q and E regulations. The existing information is analyzed, after the collection of information through interviews with operator officials, as well as surveys of users of telephone services. After reviewing the advantages and conditions of the different techniques to implement number portability, we recommend the All Call Query technique, a simple and effective method, as well as operator Number Portability, for which you need intelligent network capabilities to recognize the ported number, the status, the conditions and the operator must develop activities to adapt their networks to this model. The documents that legally and regulatory support the implementation of Number Portability are: Administrative Agreement No. 036-2003, the Numbering Resource Regulations and the National Numbering Plan, all of these issued by TELCOR Regulatory Entity, the Free Trade Agreement between the Dominican Republic - Central America and the United States (DR-CAFTA) and the Regional Technical Telecommunications Commission of Central America, COMTELCA The elaboration of regulatory documents such as the Number Portability Regulation is proposed and indications are given for the creation of the Centralized Database Administrator with its subordinates in the different nodes that make up the network and a proposal for a General Implementation Plan.
“尼加拉瓜实施号码可携性可行性研究”文件提出了考虑到ITU-T Q系列和E系列规定的实施运营商号码可携性的机制。通过与运营商官员的访谈以及对电话服务用户的调查收集信息后,对现有信息进行分析。在回顾了不同技术实现号码可携的优势和条件后,我们推荐了一种简单有效的方法——全呼叫查询技术,以及运营商号码可携,这需要智能网络功能来识别所移植的号码、状态和条件,运营商必须制定使其网络适应这种模式的活动。在法律和监管方面支持实施号码可携服务的文件如下:第036-2003号行政协议,编号资源条例和国家编号计划,所有这些都是由TELCOR监管机构发布的,多米尼加共和国-中美洲和美国之间的自由贸易协定(DR-CAFTA)和中美洲区域技术电信委员会,COMTELCA提出了制定《号码可携性条例》等规范性文件的建议,并指出了在构成网络的不同节点建立中央数据库管理员及其下属机构的建议,以及一项总体实施计划的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging 2D materials for tunneling field effect transistors 用于隧道场效应晶体管的新兴二维材料
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6768
Nupur Navlakha, Leonard F. Register, Sanjay K. Banerjee
This work focuses on understanding the electronic properties of materials to enhance the performance of Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) through Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations. Material selection prefers a p-type material with in-plane high density of state (DOS) (and low out-of-plane effective mass, m*, where defined for many layer systems), and high valence band maxima (VBM) energy stacked with an n-type material with low conduction band minimum (CBM) energy (large electron affinity (EA)) that creates a broken or nearly broken band alignment and has low lattice mismatch. SnSe2 is well-suited for an n-type 2D material due to high EA, while WSe2, Black phosphorous (BP) and SnSe are explored for p-type materials. Bilayers consisting of monolayers of WSe2 and SnSe2 show a staggered but nearly broken band alignment (gap of 24 meV) and a high valence band DOS for WSe2. BP-SnSe2 shows a broken band alignment and benefits from a low lattice mismatch. SnSe-SnSe2 shows the highest chemical stability, an optimal performance in terms of DOS of SnSe, tunability with an external field, and high VBM that also leads to a broken band alignment.
本工作的重点是通过密度泛函理论(DFT)模拟来了解材料的电子特性,以提高隧道场效应晶体管(ttfet)的性能。材料选择更倾向于具有面内高密度态(DOS)的p型材料(以及低面外有效质量,m*,其中定义为许多层系统),以及高价带最大值(VBM)能量与具有低导带最小值(CBM)能量(大电子亲和(EA))的n型材料堆叠,从而产生断裂或几乎断裂的带对齐并具有低晶格错配。SnSe2由于EA高,适合用于n型二维材料,而WSe2、黑磷(BP)和SnSe则适合用于p型材料。由单层WSe2和SnSe2组成的双层膜显示出交错但几乎断裂的能带排列(间隙为24 meV)和WSe2的高价带DOS。BP-SnSe2显示出破碎的带对准,并受益于低晶格错配。SnSe- snse2具有最高的化学稳定性,SnSe的DOS性能最佳,外场可调性最佳,高VBM也导致带对准断裂。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the degradation of highefficiency encapsulated PM6:Y7based Photovoltaic Cells 高效封装PM6: y7基光伏电池的降解分析
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6765
Patrycja Królak, Magaly Ramírez-Como, Lluis F. Marsal-Garví, Josep Pallarès-Marzal
In this work, we report a degradation study of high-efficiency conventional polymer solar cells (PSCs). The high performance of the PM6:Y7-based device is achieved with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 15.64% in the first measurement. The article describes the results of the measurements and analysis of the degradation process. The electrical parameters during the degradation process were extracted from the current density – voltage characteristics curves (J–V) under light and dark conditions. Were observed the specific parameters of the selected cells: open-circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current density (JSC), fill factor (FF), PCE, series (RS), and shunt (RSH) resistance values The PCE of the device decreased down to 64% of the initial PCE after 1056 h.
在这项工作中,我们报告了高效传统聚合物太阳能电池(PSCs)的降解研究。基于PM6: y7的器件的高性能在第一次测量中实现了高达15.64%的功率转换效率(PCE)。本文描述了降解过程的测量和分析结果。从光和暗条件下的电流密度-电压特性曲线(J-V)中提取降解过程中的电学参数。观察所选电池的具体参数:开路电压(VOC)、短路电流密度(JSC)、填充因子(FF)、PCE、串联(RS)和分流(RSH)电阻值。1056 h后,器件的PCE降至初始PCE的64%。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the stability of organic photovoltaic cells under indoor illumination 室内光照下有机光伏电池稳定性分析
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6764
Marta Serantes-Melo, Magaly Ramírez-Como, Lluis F. Marsal-Garví, Josep Pallarès-Marzal
In this study, we analyze the degradation behavior of conventional polymeric solar cells (PSCs) under constant indoor light illumination. A LED lamp with a color temperature of 2700 K, was used for the indoor light illumination conditions. We compare the results obtained with encapsulated and non-encapsulated devices. The performance of the PTB7:PC70BM-based cell showed an initial maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.0% under the luminance of 1000 lux and maximum power density (MPP) of 45.7 μW/cm2. The work describes the results of the measurements and analysis of the degradation process, performed by a current density – voltage (J–V) characteristic curve study under LED light. The analyzed performance parameters were PCE, short circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF). The PCE of encapsulated devices remained above 80% of the initial value after 624 h.
在本研究中,我们分析了传统聚合物太阳能电池(PSCs)在恒定室内光照下的降解行为。室内照明条件采用色温2700 K的LED灯。我们比较了封装和非封装器件获得的结果。在亮度为1000 lux时,PTB7: pc70bm电池的初始最大功率转换效率(PCE)为12.0%,最大功率密度(MPP)为45.7 μW/cm2。该工作描述了在LED光下通过电流密度-电压(J-V)特性曲线研究对降解过程进行测量和分析的结果。分析的性能参数为PCE、短路电流密度(JSC)、开路电压(VOC)和填充因子(FF)。624 h后,封装器件的PCE仍保持在初始值的80%以上。
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引用次数: 0
A Single Memristorbased TTL NOT logic 基于单一记忆存储器的TTL NOT逻辑
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6771
Hirakjyoti Choudhury, Suvankar Paul, Deepjyoti Deb, Prachuryya Subash Das, Rupam Goswami
This article presents a NOT logic gate circuit based on a single memristor, and analyzes it for different biological memristive samples based on extracted resistances. The simple resistorvoltage representation of the memristor in the logic circuit is used to formulate a methodology to tune the parameters of the circuit in accordance with TTL voltage values. The logic circuit consists of two resistors in series with the memristor. The input is connected to one end of the memristor, and the output is drawn across the series connection of the second resistor, and the memristor. The methodology comprises of two steps, where, in the first step, the logic ‘low’ TTLinput voltages are examined, and in the second step, the circuit is evaluated for logic ‘high’ TTLinput voltages. The methodology reveals that there is a mínimum voltage value of ‘high’ TTL-input beyond which the output does not fall within the logic ‘low’ TTL-output. The proposed technique may be extended to evaluate novel memristive materials for single memristor-based NOT logic.
本文提出了一种基于单一忆阻器的非逻辑门电路,并在提取电阻的基础上对不同生物忆阻样品进行了分析。逻辑电路中忆阻器的简单电阻电压表示用于制定一种根据TTL电压值调整电路参数的方法。逻辑电路由两个电阻和忆阻器串联而成。输入端连接到忆阻器的一端,输出端穿过第二电阻和忆阻器的串联连接。该方法包括两个步骤,其中,在第一步中,检查逻辑“低”ttinput电压,在第二步中,评估电路的逻辑“高”ttinput电压。该方法表明,“高”ttl输入有一个mínimum电压值,超过该电压值,输出不属于逻辑“低”ttl输出。所提出的技术可以扩展到评估基于单忆阻器的非逻辑的新型忆阻材料。
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引用次数: 0
Sistema de monitoreo inteligente para motores completamente operativos 智能监控系统,全面运行发动机
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.18845/tm.v36i6.6753
Gerald Alexander Castillo-Picado, Gustavo Fuentes-Quirós
La propuesta es realizar mediante el uso de Arduino y el uso de diferentes sensores, se pueda crear un sistema que pueda monitorear distintas condiciones de riesgo en motores trifásicos de inducción, como suministro de energía (corriente y voltaje), vibraciones y temperatura del motor o ambiente, para lo cual se utilizan sensores de vibración, de temperatura y sonoros, esto con intensión de verificar las condiciones del motor mediante el monitoreo. Esto puede evitar daños y perdidas en la producción con una detección temprana de estos factores, al notificar a los encargados en caso de estar en riesgo la integridad del motor y poder realizar en el sistema mantenimientos preventivos, los cuales tienen bajo costo y no retrasan tanto el proceso productivo como lo haría el realizar un mantenimiento correctivo, en el caso de daños en el motor o accesorios vinculados a este como es el caso de sistemas de ventilación, bombas y demás.
这项提案是通过使用Arduino和使用不同的传感器,可以创建一个系统可以监控不同的风险条件trifásicos发动机诱导,如能源供应(电流和电压),发动机的振动和温度等,从而使用音频振动传感器,温度和条件,这与计划去验证通过监控发动机。这可以避免损坏和丢失的生产与早期发现这些因素,通过向决策者在发动机在完整性和力量开展预防mantenimientos系统外,其中低成本生产过程而不拖延的维护不是我纠正,对于发动机损伤或有关联的配件如通风系统、炸弹等。
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引用次数: 0
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Tecnologia en Marcha
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