Projections of the economic activity of persons aged 60 and over fall into the category of derived projections that are based on the general population projection. The introductory part of this article outlines the trend in economic activity among the elderly in the Czech Republic since the 1990s. This period was characterised by a steady increase in economic activity among older people. The projection in this article highlights a combination of two fundamental factors that will lead to a significant increase in the number of people who are economically active aged 60 and over. First, the effect of population ageing in the Czech Republic will become apparent after 2030, when the large birth cohorts from the 1970s will reach the age of 60 and over. The intensification of the increase in the rate of economic activity among people aged 60 and over that will result from the age of retirement being raised will be the second reason for the expected increase in the number of economically active among people aged 60 and over. Three projection variants are presented, each of which suggests a different intensity of growth in economic activity among people 60+ depending on the specific input parameters. The middle variant is based on the assumption that the intensity of the increase in economic activity will grow only as a result of the retirement age being raised. The high variant expects the intensity of economic activity to grown even after people reach the age of 65. Conversely, the low variant expects a lower rate of growth in economic activity among people just before they reach retirement age.
{"title":"Projekce ekonomické aktivity osob starších 60 let v Česku do roku 2050","authors":"Ondřej Nývlt","doi":"10.54694/dem.0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0306","url":null,"abstract":"Projections of the economic activity of persons aged 60 and over fall into the category of derived projections that are based on the general population projection. The introductory part of this article outlines the trend in economic activity among the elderly in the Czech Republic since the 1990s. This period was characterised by a steady increase in economic activity among older people. The projection in this article highlights a combination of two fundamental factors that will lead to a significant increase in the number of people who are economically active aged 60 and over. First, the effect of population ageing in the Czech Republic will become apparent after 2030, when the large birth cohorts from the 1970s will reach the age of 60 and over. The intensification of the increase in the rate of economic activity among people aged 60 and over that will result from the age of retirement being raised will be the second reason for the expected increase in the number of economically active among people aged 60 and over. Three projection variants are presented, each of which suggests a different intensity of growth in economic activity among people 60+ depending on the specific input parameters. The middle variant is based on the assumption that the intensity of the increase in economic activity will grow only as a result of the retirement age being raised. The high variant expects the intensity of economic activity to grown even after people reach the age of 65. Conversely, the low variant expects a lower rate of growth in economic activity among people just before they reach retirement age.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Populační vývoj obcí Moravskoslezského kraje po roce 1990","authors":"Ivan Šotkovský","doi":"10.54694/dem.0292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70884728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growth in life expectancy has accelerated since the 1990s in Czechia, which preceded a long period of stagnation or even a decrease during the communist era from the 1960s. This article aims to evaluate differences in mortality in terms of the impact of various effects on life expectancy and life disparity before and after the Velvet Revolution in Czechia. Three indicators were considered – life expectancy at birth, temporary life expectancy between ages 0 and 65, and the life disparity measure e-dagger (e†). In the article, we followed the decomposition method according to Arriaga (1984). Based on this method, the effect of mortality was further decomposed into an exclusive effect reflecting improved or worsened mortality in the given age group and into an interaction effect reflecting changes in mortality as a whole. Based on the results, it was found that the indirect effect prevailed in the case of life expectancy, while the direct effect dominated in the life disparity measure. Furthermore, we focused on the differences in life expectancy at birth between the sexes and between the two countries forming parts of the former Czechoslovakia – Czechia and Slovakia. For this purpose, we followed the contour decomposition method, so that we distinguished the effect of changes in mortality corresponding to the initial period and the effect of changes corresponding to changes in mortality in terms of time.
{"title":"Describing Mortality Differentials from the Perspective of Various Effects on Life Expectancy and Life Disparity Using Decomposition Methods: The Case of Czechia","authors":"David Morávek, J. Langhamrová","doi":"10.54694/dem.0304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0304","url":null,"abstract":"The growth in life expectancy has accelerated since the 1990s in Czechia, which preceded a long period of stagnation or even a decrease during the communist era from the 1960s. This article aims to evaluate differences in mortality in terms of the impact of various effects on life expectancy and life disparity before and after the Velvet Revolution in Czechia. Three indicators were considered – life expectancy at birth, temporary life expectancy between ages 0 and 65, and the life disparity measure e-dagger (e†). In the article, we followed the decomposition method according to Arriaga (1984). Based on this method, the effect of mortality was further decomposed into an exclusive effect reflecting improved or worsened mortality in the given age group and into an interaction effect reflecting changes in mortality as a whole. Based on the results, it was found that the indirect effect prevailed in the case of life expectancy, while the direct effect dominated in the life disparity measure. Furthermore, we focused on the differences in life expectancy at birth between the sexes and between the two countries forming parts of the former Czechoslovakia – Czechia and Slovakia. For this purpose, we followed the contour decomposition method, so that we distinguished the effect of changes in mortality corresponding to the initial period and the effect of changes corresponding to changes in mortality in terms of time.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role reprodukčního stárnutí v nárůstu porodů císařským řezem v Česku","authors":"Eva Waldaufová, A. Šťastná","doi":"10.54694/dem.0296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asistovaná reprodukce v Česku z pohledu přeshraniční reprodukční péče","authors":"Adéla Volejníková, Jiřina Kocourková","doi":"10.54694/dem.0299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faktory ovlivňující reprodukční plány v době pandemie covid-19","authors":"Paloncyová Jana","doi":"10.54694/dem.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper attempts to identify the demographic variables that are related to suicidal ideation among adolescents in Tripura, India. Although the current literature points a grim picture of the suicide rate worldwide and in India as well, there is insufficient research in this area in India, especially in Tripura. Adding to the small body of research on suicidal ideation, the current study was conducted on a sample of 500 adolescents aged between 16 and 18 years (266 boys and 234 girls). The study found a high suicidal ideation rate of 9.6% among adolescents in Tripura, India. The gender, area of residence, substance use, and family environment of adolescents were found to have an effect on suicidal ideation. The highest rate of suicidal ideation was observed among boys (i.e. male gender), adolescents residing in urban areas, substance users, and adolescents living in a non-peaceful family environment. Community, the number of children in the family, family type, and family income were not significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Despite this, high suicidal ideation was reported by non-tribal persons, people who were an only child, nuclear families, and adolescents with a family income of 11 000 – 20 000 INR (Indian Rupees) per month.
{"title":"Understanding Suicidal Ideation among Adolescents of North East India through the Lens of Demographic Factors","authors":"Tatini Ghosh, A. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.54694/dem.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.308","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to identify the demographic variables that are related to suicidal ideation among adolescents in Tripura, India. Although the current literature points a grim picture of the suicide rate worldwide and in India as well, there is insufficient research in this area in India, especially in Tripura. Adding to the small body of research on suicidal ideation, the current study was conducted on a sample of 500 adolescents aged between 16 and 18 years (266 boys and 234 girls). The study found a high suicidal ideation rate of 9.6% among adolescents in Tripura, India. The gender, area of residence, substance use, and family environment of adolescents were found to have an effect on suicidal ideation. The highest rate of suicidal ideation was observed among boys (i.e. male gender), adolescents residing in urban areas, substance users, and adolescents living in a non-peaceful family environment. Community, the number of children in the family, family type, and family income were not significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Despite this, high suicidal ideation was reported by non-tribal persons, people who were an only child, nuclear families, and adolescents with a family income of 11 000 – 20 000 INR (Indian Rupees) per month.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study seeks to identify the demographic variables that are related to rape myth acceptance (RMA) among young adults in India. Adding to the scarce body of research on the subject of rape myth acceptance in India, this study draws on research that was conducted on a sample of 1000 adults, the majority of whom were women (Fn = 660, Mn = 340). Age, marital status, and a personal history of victimisation were found to be associated with the nature of rape myth acceptance (high and low RMA) among young adults. Gender, qualifications, and occupation were not linked to RMA. However, even with a smaller number of male participants in the study, a larger share of people with a high RMA was found among men than women. The highest rates above the average RMA were found among people in the 30–35 age group, people with an Mphil/PhD, people whose occupation was in the field of business, and participants who were married. A personal history of sexual victimisation was found to be associated with RMA, but most participants who had no personal history of victimisation had a higher RMA than those participants who had a history of being sexually victimized.
{"title":"Rape Myth Acceptance in Indian Adults: A Demographic Analysis","authors":"Ivan Das, A. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.54694/dem.0290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0290","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to identify the demographic variables that are related to rape myth acceptance (RMA) among young adults in India. Adding to the scarce body of research on the subject of rape myth acceptance in India, this study draws on research that was conducted on a sample of 1000 adults, the majority of whom were women (Fn = 660, Mn = 340). Age, marital status, and a personal history of victimisation were found to be associated with the nature of rape myth acceptance (high and low RMA) among young adults. Gender, qualifications, and occupation were not linked to RMA. However, even with a smaller number of male participants in the study, a larger share of people with a high RMA was found among men than women. The highest rates above the average RMA were found among people in the 30–35 age group, people with an Mphil/PhD, people whose occupation was in the field of business, and participants who were married. A personal history of sexual victimisation was found to be associated with RMA, but most participants who had no personal history of victimisation had a higher RMA than those participants who had a history of being sexually victimized.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70884624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Population Census in Slovakia has a rich history. A total of 16 modern censuses have been carried out in the country, a figure that includes the last one in 2021. In addition to these well-known and long-term planned statistical events, however, some lesser-known and less analysed events in the scientific community have also been implemented in Slovakia. One of the most important ones was the post-war census from 1919. The aim of this article is to present the most important information about the reasons this census was conducted in Slovakia in 1919, the course and form of its implementation, and how data and how much data were disseminated. In the last part of the article, we will try to present some basic results from the Population Census in 1919 that were published.
{"title":"Povojnové sčítanie ľudu na Slovensku v roku 1919","authors":"Branislav Šprocha, Pavol Tišliar","doi":"10.54694/dem.0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0300","url":null,"abstract":"The Population Census in Slovakia has a rich history. A total of 16 modern censuses have been carried out in the country, a figure that includes the last one in 2021. In addition to these well-known and long-term planned statistical events, however, some lesser-known and less analysed events in the scientific community have also been implemented in Slovakia. One of the most important ones was the post-war census from 1919. The aim of this article is to present the most important information about the reasons this census was conducted in Slovakia in 1919, the course and form of its implementation, and how data and how much data were disseminated. In the last part of the article, we will try to present some basic results from the Population Census in 1919 that were published.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vládní boj proti pandemii: přehled opatření vydaných v souvislosti s pandemií onemocnění covid-19 v Česku v letech 2020 a 2021","authors":"Jitka Slabá","doi":"10.54694/dem.0303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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