The advance of maintenance payment is a recently introduced social benefit that has existed in the Czech Republic since July 2021 and is available to parents as support for dependent children if the parents are not receiving adequate maintenance payments from their co-parent, i.e. the amount of support they receive is low or they receive nothing at all. In Slovakia, the history of this social benefit payment goes back to 2004, and the conditions for its provision have been released several times. Compared to the Czech Republic, in Slovakia the conditions for the provision of this social benefit are more open, more children are supported, and higher sums are spent on this benefit from the state budget. Also, the average amount of this benefit is higher in the Slovak Republic than in the Czech Republic, even in relation to the living minimum for a dependent child.
{"title":"Náhradní výživné v České a Slovenské republice","authors":"Naděžda Křečková Tůmová","doi":"10.54694/dem.0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0313","url":null,"abstract":"The advance of maintenance payment is a recently introduced social benefit that has existed in the Czech Republic since July 2021 and is available to parents as support for dependent children if the parents are not receiving adequate maintenance payments from their co-parent, i.e. the amount of support they receive is low or they receive nothing at all. In Slovakia, the history of this social benefit payment goes back to 2004, and the conditions for its provision have been released several times. Compared to the Czech Republic, in Slovakia the conditions for the provision of this social benefit are more open, more children are supported, and higher sums are spent on this benefit from the state budget. Also, the average amount of this benefit is higher in the Slovak Republic than in the Czech Republic, even in relation to the living minimum for a dependent child.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47962286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines how couples with children aged 14 or under provided full-time childcare during three major Covid-19 lockdowns in Czechia. The analyses are based on the most recent data from the Czech GGS Covid pilot collected between December 2020 and February 2021, with a follow-up in April 2021. The results show that in all three lockdown periods, women were significantly more likely to be the ones left solely responsible for providing all-day childcare in the couple, even they were working as well as their partner. The odds of the woman being the sole provider of childcare increased with decreasing age and education, but also with the inability to flexibly adjust working hours.
{"title":"Rodičovství a péče o děti v době pandemie Covid-19 v období 2020 a 2021 v Česku","authors":"A. Šťastná","doi":"10.54694/dem.0314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0314","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how couples with children aged 14 or under provided full-time childcare during three major Covid-19 lockdowns in Czechia. The analyses are based on the most recent data from the Czech GGS Covid pilot collected between December 2020 and February 2021, with a follow-up in April 2021. The results show that in all three lockdown periods, women were significantly more likely to be the ones left solely responsible for providing all-day childcare in the couple, even they were working as well as their partner. The odds of the woman being the sole provider of childcare increased with decreasing age and education, but also with the inability to flexibly adjust working hours.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41749725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first results of the 2021 Census in Czechia were released in January 2022. The nationwide census was prepared in a combined form using both a census questionnaire and suitable administrative data sources. The aim of this paper is to analyse the data on population characteristics that were published until August 2022 – sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, citizenship, ethnicity, mother tongue, religious belief, and fertility. Where useful the variables are combined with sex/age structure. A basic comparison with data from the 2011 Census was also done. The population of Czechia increased by less than 1% and has grown older between the 2011 and the 2021 Census. The share of the population with higher levels of education continued to increase and 4.7% of the population in the 2021 Census were foreign nationals
{"title":"The First Results for the Population Characteristics of the 2021 Census in Czechia","authors":"Jakub Vachuška, Roman Kurkin","doi":"10.54694/dem.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.312","url":null,"abstract":"The first results of the 2021 Census in Czechia were released in January 2022. The nationwide census was prepared in a combined form using both a census questionnaire and suitable administrative data sources. The aim of this paper is to analyse the data on population characteristics that were published until August 2022 – sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, citizenship, ethnicity, mother tongue, religious belief, and fertility. Where useful the variables are combined with sex/age structure. A basic comparison with data from the 2011 Census was also done. The population of Czechia increased by less than 1% and has grown older between the 2011 and the 2021 Census. The share of the population with higher levels of education continued to increase and 4.7% of the population in the 2021 Census were foreign nationals","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rozdiely v úmrtnosti medzi mestom a vidiekom: poloha ako diferenciačný faktor","authors":"Pavol Ďurček, Lenka Gašparová","doi":"10.54694/dem.0291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0291","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70884688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyses the demographic development of Czechia in 2021 and sets it in the context of demographic trends in the past decade and especially in the period 2016–2021. The study focuses on the main demographic processes, namely fertility, mortality, nuptiality, divorce rate, and migration. Population data in 2021 were adjusted to the 2021 Population Census. Demographic development was significantly influenced by the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, the impact of which was most visible in the continued increase in mortality rates. The total fertility rate was the highest it has been in the last 30 years. The population of Czechia grew as a result of the positive balance of net migration, which was the highest in the last decade.
{"title":"Populační vývoj v České republice v roce 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.54694/dem.0307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0307","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the demographic development of Czechia in 2021 and sets it in the context of demographic trends in the past decade and especially in the period 2016–2021. The study focuses on the main demographic processes, namely fertility, mortality, nuptiality, divorce rate, and migration. Population data in 2021 were adjusted to the 2021 Population Census. Demographic development was significantly influenced by the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, the impact of which was most visible in the continued increase in mortality rates. The total fertility rate was the highest it has been in the last 30 years. The population of Czechia grew as a result of the positive balance of net migration, which was the highest in the last decade.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new law on social services was adopted 15 years ago that significantly changed the system used to finance these services. A care allowance was designed that is paid to persons who, due to a long-term adverse health condition, need the help of another person in taking care of themselves and ensuring their own self-sufficiency. The aim of this contribution is to characterise the trend in the number of recipients of this social benefit in the years 2007–2021, and to compare this trend with projection data on care allowance recipients and outline the possibilities of further development in this area.
{"title":"The Trend in the Number of Care Allowance Beneficiaries in the Czech Republic in 2007–2021","authors":"L. Průša","doi":"10.54694/dem.0311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0311","url":null,"abstract":"A new law on social services was adopted 15 years ago that significantly changed the system used to finance these services. A care allowance was designed that is paid to persons who, due to a long-term adverse health condition, need the help of another person in taking care of themselves and ensuring their own self-sufficiency. The aim of this contribution is to characterise the trend in the number of recipients of this social benefit in the years 2007–2021, and to compare this trend with projection data on care allowance recipients and outline the possibilities of further development in this area.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bezdetnosť a odkladanie rodenia prvých detí v krajinách Vyšehradskej skupiny","authors":"Branislav Šprocha","doi":"10.54694/dem.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The post-war situation in former Czechoslovakia was complicated. Suitable, reliable, and up-to-date data needed to address several urgent social problems were largely lacking. In 1946, more than 15 years had passed since the last population census 1930, and because of the major social changes and mass population transfers that had occurred in that time, it was not possible to make important decisions based on the previous census. Since for various reasons it was not possible to carry out a new population census in the first months and years after the Second World War, the decision was made to prepare an alternative solution in the form of two independent post-war population counts/enumerations with different content and conducted at different times. In this article, we focus on the first of these two population counts, which was conducted on the territory of Slovakia in 1946. This article primarily sets out to identify the main purpose of the post-war population count/enumeration in Slovakia in 1946, the method used to implement it, the content of the data it produced, and their processing and publication.
{"title":"The Post-War Population Conscripition in Slovakia in 1946","authors":"B. Šprocha, Pavol Tišliar","doi":"10.54694/dem.0309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0309","url":null,"abstract":"The post-war situation in former Czechoslovakia was complicated. Suitable, reliable, and up-to-date data needed to address several urgent social problems were largely lacking. In 1946, more than 15 years had passed since the last population census 1930, and because of the major social changes and mass population transfers that had occurred in that time, it was not possible to make important decisions based on the previous census. Since for various reasons it was not possible to carry out a new population census in the first months and years after the Second World War, the decision was made to prepare an alternative solution in the form of two independent post-war population counts/enumerations with different content and conducted at different times. In this article, we focus on the first of these two population counts, which was conducted on the territory of Slovakia in 1946. This article primarily sets out to identify the main purpose of the post-war population count/enumeration in Slovakia in 1946, the method used to implement it, the content of the data it produced, and their processing and publication.","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Administrativní zdroje dat ve sčítáních lidu se zaměřením na sčítání 2011 v Česku","authors":"Robert Šanda","doi":"10.54694/dem.0298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54694/dem.0298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42968,"journal":{"name":"Demografie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70885077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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