enewable energy is the energy of the future because it is the best long-term alternative for fossil fuels, which are facing numerous issues, particularly from an environmental standpoint. The world has established a number of targets to address the issues posed by the conventional energy sector. The United Nations has set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030; previously, many countries were not on track to meet these goals; however, the Covid-19 pandemic, which not only affected people's health, but also the energy sector, has demonstrated how quickly we are accustomed to change and can respond quickly and collectively with a common goal. As a result, the focus of this article is on the COVID-19's influence on the RE industry and its implications for future greener fuels. We talked about the opportunities that have arisen as a result of the COVID-19 situation that can help with the shift to alternative fuels. Finally, the problems and opportunities facing the creation of more environmentally friendly transportation fuels are identified.
{"title":"Prospect of Renewable Energy due to COVID-19 and Opportunity for Transition to Future Fuels","authors":"","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.18.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.18.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"enewable energy is the energy of the future because it is the best long-term alternative for fossil fuels, which are facing numerous issues, particularly from an environmental standpoint. The world has established a number of targets to address the issues posed by the conventional energy sector. The United Nations has set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030; previously, many countries were not on track to meet these goals; however, the Covid-19 pandemic, which not only affected people's health, but also the energy sector, has demonstrated how quickly we are accustomed to change and can respond quickly and collectively with a common goal. As a result, the focus of this article is on the COVID-19's influence on the RE industry and its implications for future greener fuels. We talked about the opportunities that have arisen as a result of the COVID-19 situation that can help with the shift to alternative fuels. Finally, the problems and opportunities facing the creation of more environmentally friendly transportation fuels are identified.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114948123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of organic isobutane will be investigated for a closed-cycle Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) onshore plant that delivers 110 MW electric powers. This paper will cover concept, process, energy calculations, cost factoids and environmental aspects. In isobutane cycle, hot ocean surface water is used to vaporize and to superheat isobutane in a heat exchanger. Isobutane vapor then expands through a turbine to generate useful power. The exhaust vapor is condensed afterwards, using the cold deeper ocean water, and pumped to a heat exchanger to complete a cycle. Results show the major design characteristics and equipment's of the OTEC plant along with cycle efficiency and cycle improvement techniques.
{"title":"Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Power Plant using Isobutane as the Working Fluid","authors":"A. Alkhalidi, M. Qandil, H. Qandil","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.07.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"The use of organic isobutane will be investigated for a closed-cycle Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) onshore plant that delivers 110 MW electric powers. This paper will cover concept, process, energy calculations, cost factoids and environmental aspects. In isobutane cycle, hot ocean surface water is used to vaporize and to superheat isobutane in a heat exchanger. Isobutane vapor then expands through a turbine to generate useful power. The exhaust vapor is condensed afterwards, using the cold deeper ocean water, and pumped to a heat exchanger to complete a cycle. Results show the major design characteristics and equipment's of the OTEC plant along with cycle efficiency and cycle improvement techniques.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132407106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study in question consists to amplify the hydrodynamic and thermal instabilities by imposed pulsation during forced convection of air cooling of nine identical heated blocks simulate electronic components mounted on horizontal channel. The finite volume method has been used to solve the governing equations of unsteady forced convection. This approach uses control volume for velocities that are staggered with respect to those for temperature and pressure. The numerical procedure called SIMPLER is used to handle the pressure-velocity coupling. The results show that the time averaged Nusselt number for each heated block depends on the pulsation frequencies and is always larger than in the steady-state case. The new feature in this work is that we obtained a short band of frequencies which the enhancement of heat transfer of all electronic components is greater than 20 % compared with steady non pulsation flow. In addition, the gain in heat transfer Emax attainted the maximum value for the central blocks. Our numerical results were compared with other investigations and found to agree well with experimental data.
{"title":"Heat Transfer Enhancement of Forced Convection in Horizontal Channel with Heated Block due to Oscillation of Incoming Flow","authors":"A. Bouttout","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.07.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"The study in question consists to amplify the hydrodynamic and thermal instabilities by imposed pulsation during forced convection of air cooling of nine identical heated blocks simulate electronic components mounted on horizontal channel. The finite volume method has been used to solve the governing equations of unsteady forced convection. This approach uses control volume for velocities that are staggered with respect to those for temperature and pressure. The numerical procedure called SIMPLER is used to handle the pressure-velocity coupling. The results show that the time averaged Nusselt number for each heated block depends on the pulsation frequencies and is always larger than in the steady-state case. The new feature in this work is that we obtained a short band of frequencies which the enhancement of heat transfer of all electronic components is greater than 20 % compared with steady non pulsation flow. In addition, the gain in heat transfer Emax attainted the maximum value for the central blocks. Our numerical results were compared with other investigations and found to agree well with experimental data.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"364 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131879224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective heat transfer is essential in a variety of energy technologies in order to enable the maximum possible power density and power conversion efficiency needed for economic competitiveness and fuel conservation. The goal of enhanced heat transfer is to encourage or accommodate high heat fluxes. This results in reduction of heat exchanger size, which generally leads to less capital cost. Recently tremendous works have been conducted on heat transfer enhancement and a large number of techniques for heat transfer enhancement have been developed. This work concerns the investigation on effect of porous media on heat transfer rate in heat exchangers.
{"title":"Heat Transfer Enhancement by Using Porous Heat Exchangers","authors":"M. Azimi, M. A. Delavar","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.07.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Effective heat transfer is essential in a variety of energy technologies in order to enable the maximum possible power density and power conversion efficiency needed for economic competitiveness and fuel conservation. The goal of enhanced heat transfer is to encourage or accommodate high heat fluxes. This results in reduction of heat exchanger size, which generally leads to less capital cost. Recently tremendous works have been conducted on heat transfer enhancement and a large number of techniques for heat transfer enhancement have been developed. This work concerns the investigation on effect of porous media on heat transfer rate in heat exchangers.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131235085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient Residential Buildings in Hot and Humid Regions: The Case of Abu Dhabi, UAE","authors":"Ali Al-Alili, Ayesha Al Qubaisi","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114254556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic Domestic Stove Using Olive Cake Fuel","authors":"J. Asfar, Laith G. Mazahreh","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127836673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, an analysis of the annual performance of a parabolic trough concentrator has been accomplished. A numerical model was developed and built to study the annual performance of the parabolic trough collector's field at different locations in Egypt. The energy equations were solved using the Engineering Equation Solver EES software. The optical and thermal parameters of the concentrator were considered in the model. The numerical model results showed that temperature rise ranges from 90.5 to 221 °C and the outlet temperate ranges from 442 to 565 oC at solar noon according to the season and the location. The operating period of the parabolic concentrator reaches its maximum value at summer where it ranges from 76.5 to 82 h/week. The present model was validated with the TRNSYS model. As a result, the presented model can be considered as a meaningful tool for developing the parabolic trough plant in Egypt.
{"title":"Mathematical Modelling for the Thermal Performance of a Solar Parabolic Trough Concentrator (PTC) Under Egypt Climate","authors":"Mohamed H. Ahmed, A. Giaconia, A. Amin","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an analysis of the annual performance of a parabolic trough concentrator has been accomplished. A numerical model was developed and built to study the annual performance of the parabolic trough collector's field at different locations in Egypt. The energy equations were solved using the Engineering Equation Solver EES software. The optical and thermal parameters of the concentrator were considered in the model. The numerical model results showed that temperature rise ranges from 90.5 to 221 °C and the outlet temperate ranges from 442 to 565 oC at solar noon according to the season and the location. The operating period of the parabolic concentrator reaches its maximum value at summer where it ranges from 76.5 to 82 h/week. The present model was validated with the TRNSYS model. As a result, the presented model can be considered as a meaningful tool for developing the parabolic trough plant in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123939409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research paper, an overview of energy reduction methods around the world in commercial buildings was investigated, to find out the best solution for minimizing electricity demand of Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU). Those methods are renewable energy technologies mainly wind and photovoltaics (PV) system using either conventional or Carbon Nanotubes panels, building envelope system mainly dynamic Insulation materials and cool roof coating and National country system mainly demand response program and energy consumption ration. According to the overview, the best-promised method solution to achieve the target of saving, reducing investment cost and carbon emissions in AAU is the Standalone Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes PV system. This method was compared with the existing on-grid PV system project applied in AAU. The comparison was based on investment cost, payback period and solar cell efficiency. The comparison analysis results revealed that Standalone Carbon Nanotube PV system was able to save 21.12% of the investment cost when compared to the existing AAU project with a reduced payback period from 10 to 8 years and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 16%.
在这篇研究论文中，研究了世界各地商业建筑节能方法的概况，以找出最大限度地减少Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU)的电力需求的最佳解决方案。这些方法主要是可再生能源技术，主要是风能和光伏(PV)系统，采用常规或碳纳米管面板，建筑围护结构系统，主要是动态保温材料和冷屋顶涂层，国家系统，主要是需求响应计划和能源消耗定额。根据概述，在AAU中实现节省，降低投资成本和碳排放目标的最佳方法解决方案是独立式混合碳纳米管光伏系统。并将该方法与已有的AAU并网光伏系统项目进行了比较。比较的依据是投资成本、投资回收期和太阳能电池效率。对比分析结果显示，与现有的AAU项目相比，独立碳纳米管光伏系统能够节省21.12%的投资成本，投资回收期从10年缩短到8年，内部收益率(IRR)为16%。
{"title":"Comparing Between Best Energy Efficient Techniques Worldwide with Existing Solution Implemented in Al-Ahliyya Amman University","authors":"Walaa Hassan Hassan, A. Alkhalidi","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"In this research paper, an overview of energy reduction methods around the world in commercial buildings was investigated, to find out the best solution for minimizing electricity demand of Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU). Those methods are renewable energy technologies mainly wind and photovoltaics (PV) system using either conventional or Carbon Nanotubes panels, building envelope system mainly dynamic Insulation materials and cool roof coating and National country system mainly demand response program and energy consumption ration. According to the overview, the best-promised method solution to achieve the target of saving, reducing investment cost and carbon emissions in AAU is the Standalone Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes PV system. This method was compared with the existing on-grid PV system project applied in AAU. The comparison was based on investment cost, payback period and solar cell efficiency. The comparison analysis results revealed that Standalone Carbon Nanotube PV system was able to save 21.12% of the investment cost when compared to the existing AAU project with a reduced payback period from 10 to 8 years and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 16%.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132555941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wind turbine blades operate in a harsh environment causing them to always be susceptible to damage. Variable wind loading, debris impact, and thermal gradient, among other factors, can cause damage to the blades. Detection of blade damage at early stages can prevent massive cost associated with turbine down-time and blade replacement. In this work, a vibration-based method is presented to detect damage at early stages. The presented method takes advantage of the effect of crack on modal parameters of the blades vibration. Finite element model (FEA) is constructed for both healthy and damage blade to study that effect. Power spectral density (PSD) plots of the blade’s vibration before and after damage are compared and the changes in the resonant modal amplitudes frequencies are identified. To minimize the number accelerometers needed to monitor the health of the blade and without compromising the accuracy of damage predictions, ordinary kriging method is used to predict cracks in the blade’s structure. Kriging uses modal parameter data, experimental or otherwise, to estimate damage location on the blade. It creates a map of damage predictions throughout the region use measurements from far less sensors than common techniques. Damage characteristics estimates using the proposed method showed damage attributes predictions with accuracy greater than 93 %. Simulation is used to validate the proposed method and the results are discussed.
{"title":"Damage Identification of HAWT Blade using Ordinary Linear Kriging Method and Variation of Blade’s Modal Parameters","authors":"A. El-Sinawi, Mohammed Awadallah, I. Janajreh","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Wind turbine blades operate in a harsh environment causing them to always be susceptible to damage. Variable wind loading, debris impact, and thermal gradient, among other factors, can cause damage to the blades. Detection of blade damage at early stages can prevent massive cost associated with turbine down-time and blade replacement. In this work, a vibration-based method is presented to detect damage at early stages. The presented method takes advantage of the effect of crack on modal parameters of the blades vibration. Finite element model (FEA) is constructed for both healthy and damage blade to study that effect. Power spectral density (PSD) plots of the blade’s vibration before and after damage are compared and the changes in the resonant modal amplitudes frequencies are identified. To minimize the number accelerometers needed to monitor the health of the blade and without compromising the accuracy of damage predictions, ordinary kriging method is used to predict cracks in the blade’s structure. Kriging uses modal parameter data, experimental or otherwise, to estimate damage location on the blade. It creates a map of damage predictions throughout the region use measurements from far less sensors than common techniques. Damage characteristics estimates using the proposed method showed damage attributes predictions with accuracy greater than 93 %. Simulation is used to validate the proposed method and the results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116258654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greenhouse (GH) has been demonstrated as a profitable technology for food production with low demand of irrigation water. In this work, a numerical model is developed to study the micro-climatic environmental conditions inside a greenhouse distillation system for optimize operation. The system performance (temperatures, flow velocities, relative humidity) is presented and improvement factors for the system performance are suggested. The result shows that the inlet velocity and plant transpiration have a more pronounced effect on the relative humidity than the incoming temperature variation. As temperature increases by 8Co the relative humidity decreases with few percentiles (~2%). When velocity varies between 0.2-0.7m/s, and within the diurnal operation of the GH, an increase of up to 5 points in the humidity is observed. Finally, when the transpiration increases from 0.2 to 1.2 g/m3 the relative humidity observes a drastic jump of over 15 points.
{"title":"Greenhouse Microclimate Flow Simulation: Influence of Inlet Flow Conditions","authors":"I. Janajreh, S. Raza, K. Kadi","doi":"10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5383/IJTEE.17.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse (GH) has been demonstrated as a profitable technology for food production with low demand of irrigation water. In this work, a numerical model is developed to study the micro-climatic environmental conditions inside a greenhouse distillation system for optimize operation. The system performance (temperatures, flow velocities, relative humidity) is presented and improvement factors for the system performance are suggested. The result shows that the inlet velocity and plant transpiration have a more pronounced effect on the relative humidity than the incoming temperature variation. As temperature increases by 8Co the relative humidity decreases with few percentiles (~2%). When velocity varies between 0.2-0.7m/s, and within the diurnal operation of the GH, an increase of up to 5 points in the humidity is observed. Finally, when the transpiration increases from 0.2 to 1.2 g/m3 the relative humidity observes a drastic jump of over 15 points.","PeriodicalId":429709,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114483279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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