Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2250405
Adam Klups
In July 2007, a disastrous flood struck Gloucestershire, in the southwest of England. The Grade I listed church of St Michael and All Angels in Tirley was inundated, resulting in its interior and churchyard being extensively damaged. Despite the disastrous flooding and the distress caused, Tirley’s church congregation, supported by the local community, the insurance company and many historic building professionals, resolved to renew their church. Their traumatic experience has presented opportunities to make the building more fit for purpose and more resilient to future flood events. It has deepened a sense of belonging and the valuing of heritage in the community and has ensured the historical continuity of the church and its many stories. Proactive planning will play a major part in facing up to future climate change-related challenges at Tirley church. New research is being planned to examine the effectiveness of existing flood mitigation measures, the overall condition of the building fabric and the church site. The anticipated outcome of this work is a bespoke Flood Impact and Protection Management Plan which will include a set of recommendations, which can be adopted to bolster flood resilience of this historic church, as well as other churches dealing with similar challenges.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2251548
Kelly McCauley Krish
AbstractFrom day-to-day events to the urgency of emergencies, the lessons and tools of incident management can be adapted for use in preventive care, supporting long-term preservation and institutional resiliency. To this end, interviews were conducted with 11 US-based institutions that have implemented some form of incident management system and these were then used to help clarify the state of the field and its needs moving forward. Incident management is not a straightforward process and a need for further guidance and tools to support it were highlighted in the interviews. However, the results also demonstrate that, when done effectively, systematic incident documentation, analysis and discussion can inform preventive care in many ways: providing data for risk assessments, improving emergency planning and response procedures, demonstrating the utility of preventive care practices, and allowing for data-driven decisions about the allocation of funding and resources for mitigation.Résumé« Apprendre des incidents et se rétablir de manière résiliente: intégrer la gestion des incidents dans les pratiques de prévention »Des événements quotidiens à l’urgence des situations de crise, les leçons et les outils de la gestion des incidents peuvent être adaptés pour être utilisés dans les actions préventives, en soutenant la préservation à long terme et la résilience institutionnelle. À cette fin, des entretiens ont été menés avec onze institutions établies aux États-Unis qui ont mis en place une certaine forme de système de gestion des incidents et ceux-ci ont ensuite été utilisés pour aider à clarifier l'état du terrain et ses besoins pour aller de l'avant. La gestion des incidents n'est pas un processus simple et le besoin de conseils et d'outils supplémentaires pour l’appuyer a été souligné dans les entretiens. Cependant, les résultats démontrent également que, lorsqu'ils sont effectués efficacement, la documentation, l'analyse et le débat systématiques sur les incidents peuvent éclairer les actes de prévention de plusieurs façons : fournir des données pour les évaluations des risques, améliorer les procédures de planification et d'intervention d'urgence, démontrer l'utilité des mesures préventives mises en oeuvre et permettre des décisions fondées sur des données concernant l’attribution de financements et de ressources pour l’atténuation des effets.Zusammenfassung„Aus Vorfällen lernen und sich widerstandsfähig erholen: Integration des Vorfallsmanagements in die präventive Praxis der Bestandserhaltung“Von zerstörten Kunstwerken bis hin zu undichten Dächern können die Lehren und Instrumente des Notfallmanagements für den Einsatz in der präventiven Betsnadserhaltung angepasst werden, um den langfristigen Erhalt und die institutionelle Resilienz zu unterstützen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Interviews mit elf US-amerikanischen Einrichtungen geführt, die eine Form von Notfallmanagement-System eingeführt haben, und diese wurden dann genutzt um den Ist-Zustand s
摘要从日常事件到紧急事件,事件管理的经验教训和工具可以用于预防保健,支持长期保存和机构弹性。为此,我们与11家美国机构进行了访谈,这些机构已经实施了某种形式的事件管理系统,然后使用这些访谈来帮助澄清该领域的状态及其向前发展的需求。事件管理不是一个简单的过程,访谈中强调了需要进一步的指导和工具来支持它。然而,研究结果还表明,如果有效开展,系统的事件记录、分析和讨论可以在许多方面为预防保健提供信息:为风险评估提供数据,改进应急规划和反应程序,展示预防保健做法的效用,并允许在分配缓解风险的资金和资源方面做出数据驱动的决定。3 .“预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时,可预见事件发生时。这个鳍,des entretiens安大略省的高频美尼斯用onze机构etablies在美国校正mis在地方一个certaine印版de systeme de治理des事件等ceux-ci安大略省的套间高频利用倒教唆者澄清器我du地形等ses甚至l 'avant到。关于事件的问题,我们可以简单地说,我们可以把这些事件看作是一个简单的过程,我们可以把这些事件看作是一个简单的过程,我们可以把这些事件看作是一个简单的过程。综上所述,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是,不确定的是:四种情况是,将所有的samsames视为风险,将所有的samsames视为程序,将所有的samsamer视为效用,将所有的samsamer视为措施,将所有的samsamer视为工具,将所有的samsames视为工具,将所有的samsames视为资源,将所有的samsames视为资源,将所有的samsames视为资源,将所有的samsames视为资源,将所有的samsames视为资源,将所有的samsames视为资源。zusmenfassung " Aus Vorfällen lerenund sich widerstandsfähig erholen:未来管理的整合在die präventive实践中的未来管理" Von zerstörten Kunstwerken他的未来管理的整合Dächern können die Lehren和工具的未来管理的整合<s:1>在die Einsatz在der präventiven未来管理的未来管理的整合,um den langfristigen Erhalt和die institutionelle Resilienz zu unterstzzen。德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国《科学管理》(Notfällen),《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》,《科学进展》。德国经济研究与发展,德国系统文献,德国分析与讨论Zwischenfällen,德国有效经济研究与发展<e:1>与发展,德国经济研究与发展<s:2>与发展:德国经济研究与发展<e:1>与发展,德国经济与发展发展与发展,德国经济与发展与发展,德国经济与发展与发展,德国经济与发展与发展,德国经济与发展,德国经济与发展,德国经济与发展。resume " Aprendiendo de los incidents y recuperándose con resiliencia: integración de la gestión de incidentes en las prácticas de atención prevententiva " las herramientas usadas通过las lecciones aprendias durante las gestiones de incidents (desde eventtos cotidianos hasta emergencies emergenses)通过应用程序适应事件(desde eventos cotidianos hasta emergencies),通过así facilitar la preservación a large plazo y la resiliencia机构。Con este fin, se realrealon entrevistes, once instituiones estadoundenses que habían inplantado algún tipo de sistema de gestión de incidentusado, posterimente, para ayudar, a determinel estado del sector通过我们的需求de cara al future。“gestión事件管理”是一个过程,是一个过程,是一个过程,是一个过程,是一个过程,是一个过程,是一个过程。 Sin embargo, los resultados también demuestran que, cuando se hace de forma eficaz, la documentación, el análisis y el debate sistemático de los incidentes pueden aportar información en muchos aspectos para orientar el cuidado preventivo, como proporcionando datos para las evaluaciones de riesgos, mejorando la planificación de emergencias y los procedimientos de respuesta, demostrando la utilidad de las prácticas de atención preventiva y permitiendo tomar decisiones sobre la asignación de fondos y recursos para la mitigación basadas en datos.摘要“在事件中学习并顽强复原:将事件管理纳入预防性保护实践”从日常工作到紧急情况,事件管理的经验和方法可用于预防性保护,以助于长期保护和机构复原。为此,我们采访了 11
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Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2251642
Sara Leonowitz
Abstract The destruction of libraries and archives is not an original tactic in warfare, but the result remains the same: the crippling of enemy morale by sabotaging their cultural achievements. After the Bosnian War (1992–1995), the Sarajevo Oriental Institute’s collection of 200,000+ Ottoman-era manuscripts was reduced to just 105 volumes. In November 2022, conservators at the Gazi Husrev-begova Library began a campaign to conserve the remaining manuscripts. Establishing these objects’ historical and current social, artistic, academic and economic values allows conservators and stakeholders to make ethically based treatment decisions that underpin a collaborative and mutually agreeable reconstruction effort. This article presents the preliminary findings of research into the usefulness of value assessments as a basis for conservation decision-making for war-damaged and war-affected objects. It will focus on the Dutch Cultural Heritage Agency’s system for collection valuation in determining the values associated with one of the 105 surviving volumes from the Oriental Institute.
{"title":"Interpreting post-conflict values: conservation decision-making for Bosnian war-damaged manuscripts from the Oriental Institute in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Sara Leonowitz","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2023.2251642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2023.2251642","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The destruction of libraries and archives is not an original tactic in warfare, but the result remains the same: the crippling of enemy morale by sabotaging their cultural achievements. After the Bosnian War (1992–1995), the Sarajevo Oriental Institute’s collection of 200,000+ Ottoman-era manuscripts was reduced to just 105 volumes. In November 2022, conservators at the Gazi Husrev-begova Library began a campaign to conserve the remaining manuscripts. Establishing these objects’ historical and current social, artistic, academic and economic values allows conservators and stakeholders to make ethically based treatment decisions that underpin a collaborative and mutually agreeable reconstruction effort. This article presents the preliminary findings of research into the usefulness of value assessments as a basis for conservation decision-making for war-damaged and war-affected objects. It will focus on the Dutch Cultural Heritage Agency’s system for collection valuation in determining the values associated with one of the 105 surviving volumes from the Oriental Institute.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2249973
Dawn Rogala, Katelynn Averyt, Jessica Johnson, Brian Lione, Joanne Flores, William Tompkins
ABSTRACT This article focusses on how the Smithsonian Institution’s staff and programmes are adapting in response to an evolving world and increasing requests for assistance. The Smithsonian is the world’s largest museum, education and research complex, with long-standing programmes focussed on capacity building in times of need. Central to this work is communication—listening, building trust among collaborators and prioritising cultural heritage communities in decision-making. This article highlights four activities currently helping to strengthen cultural resources and support colleagues in times of crisis: building on early experiences to inform and improve on-the-ground cultural rescue efforts domestically and abroad; learning to build local and government relationships impacting conservation efforts abroad; creating new heritage anti-trafficking courses for law enforcement that reflect current events and include the voices of in-country experts; and building networks of expertise to develop and implement a new institution-wide Shared Stewardship and Ethical Returns Policy. The common thread throughout these four programmes, each with different goals, is the importance of communication and collaboration.
{"title":"Innovation and adaptation at the Smithsonian Institution in response to changing times and increased need","authors":"Dawn Rogala, Katelynn Averyt, Jessica Johnson, Brian Lione, Joanne Flores, William Tompkins","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2023.2249973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2023.2249973","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focusses on how the Smithsonian Institution’s staff and programmes are adapting in response to an evolving world and increasing requests for assistance. The Smithsonian is the world’s largest museum, education and research complex, with long-standing programmes focussed on capacity building in times of need. Central to this work is communication—listening, building trust among collaborators and prioritising cultural heritage communities in decision-making. This article highlights four activities currently helping to strengthen cultural resources and support colleagues in times of crisis: building on early experiences to inform and improve on-the-ground cultural rescue efforts domestically and abroad; learning to build local and government relationships impacting conservation efforts abroad; creating new heritage anti-trafficking courses for law enforcement that reflect current events and include the voices of in-country experts; and building networks of expertise to develop and implement a new institution-wide Shared Stewardship and Ethical Returns Policy. The common thread throughout these four programmes, each with different goals, is the importance of communication and collaboration.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134968372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2254378
Tom Clareson, Ann Frellsen, Susan Duhl, Holly Herro, Vicki Lee
AbstractThe increasing impact of catastrophic disasters has inspired a strong network of cooperative disaster resiliency programmes focussing on protection and response for heritage collections and sites around the world. A dedicated community of professionals has developed successful partnership organisations that form a collaboration of institutions, first responders, local community groups and volunteers. At the core in the United States is a consortium of governmental and private organisations. Advocating for and safeguarding cultural heritage against risks draws on conventions, policy frameworks and guidance, becoming an imperative part of effective collection and site management. This article outlines the history, missions, interrelationship and expanded programming of this resolute, primarily volunteer community. The evolution of strategic disaster resilience in North America is non-linear, as are the histories of the organisations and individuals who have contributed to the nascent specialty. Key people and agencies are dedicated to protecting cultural assets and progressively improving and professionalising disaster resilience and recovery. The strategic, physical and psychological needs of disaster-affected communities are now standard management protocols for cultural heritage collections. Tangible documentation of these changes and interconnections are spread between professional repositories and personal archives, with minimal finding aids and dependence on individual memories. This information is gathered, regularly shared and updated as part of experiential training but seldom published in historical or scholarly articles. This article is intended to bridge the gap between a literature review and a record of experiences that have moved the profession of cultural heritage responder and their support organisations forward in time.Résumé« Construire une communauté de résilience et d'intervention: l’élaboration de programmes de formation et d'intervention en cas de catastrophe »L'impact croissant des catastrophes naturelles a inspiré un solide réseau de programmes coopératifs de résilience aux catastrophes axés sur la protection et l'intervention pour les collections et les sites du patrimoine dans le monde entier. Une communauté de professionnels engagés a développé des organisations de partenariat réussies qui apportent une collaboration entre institutions, premiers intervenants, groupes communautaires locaux et bénévoles. Au cœur des États-Unis se trouve un consortium d'organisations gouvernementales et privées. La défense et la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel contre les risques s'appuient sur des conventions, des cadres politiques et des orientations, devenant un élément indispensable d'une gestion efficace des collections et des sites. Cet article décrit l'histoire, les missions, les interdépendances et la programmation élargie de cette communauté déterminée, principalement bénévole. L'évolution de la résilience stratégique aux
【摘要】灾难性灾害日益增加的影响激发了一个强大的合作灾害恢复计划网络,其重点是保护和响应世界各地的遗产收藏和遗址。一个由专业人士组成的专业社区已经发展出成功的伙伴关系组织,形成了机构、急救人员、当地社区团体和志愿者的合作。美国的核心是一个由政府和私人组织组成的联盟。倡导和保护文化遗产免受风险,利用公约、政策框架和指导,成为有效收集和遗址管理的重要组成部分。本文概述了这个以志愿者为主的坚定社区的历史、使命、相互关系和扩展规划。北美战略灾难恢复力的演变是非线性的,为这一新兴专业做出贡献的组织和个人的历史也是非线性的。关键人员和机构致力于保护文化资产,逐步提高抗灾能力和恢复能力并使其专业化。受灾社区的战略、物质和心理需求现在是文化遗产收藏的标准管理协议。这些变化和相互联系的有形文档分布在专业知识库和个人档案之间,很少有查找帮助和对个人记忆的依赖。作为经验培训的一部分,这些信息被收集、定期分享和更新,但很少在历史或学术文章中发表。本文旨在弥合文献综述和经验记录之间的差距,这些经验记录推动了文化遗产响应者及其支持组织的职业发展。简历«能建立一个communaute de韧性et d 'intervention: l 'elaboration de项目de形成et d 'intervention en cas de灾难»的羊角面包des灾难只是激发联合国固栅网de项目cooperatifs de弹性辅助灾难轴在la保护et l 'intervention倒les集合等网站du patrimoine在《世界报》entier。1 .专业人员共同体参与了<s:2> <s:2>和/或<s:2> <s:2>;伙伴组织参与了<s:2>和/或<s:2> /或所有组织都参与了合作中心机构、总理、干预者、团体、社区、地方和<s:2> /或所有组织。Au cœur des États-Unis se trouve unconsortium d' organizations, government, ales and privacmes。从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从政治的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发,从传统文化的角度出发。这一条款包括:“历史”、“任务”、“过渡时期”和“方案”。1 .在北部和北部的所有组织和个人的组织的历史中,所有组织和个人的历史都没有贡献,所有组织和个人的历史都没有贡献。“人与组织的结合”、“保护文化的结合”、“职业的结合”、“进步的结合”、“沉默的结合”等都面临着灾难。从生理上和心理上来说,社会上的所有人都是健康的。从生理上和心理上来说,社会上的所有人都是健康的。档案资料包括档案人员、专业人员、档案人员、研究工具、档案人员、个人资料和个人资料。这些信息是定期发布的,这些信息包括:电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件、电子邮件等。这篇文章指出:“比较复杂的化石研究表明,人类的遗传遗传是一种简单的遗传过程,人类的遗传遗传是一种复杂的遗传过程,人类的遗传遗传是一种自然过程,人类的遗传遗传是一种自然过程。”在德国,“在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国,在德国。”技术合作伙伴关系、机构合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系、大学合作伙伴关系。 culturalheritage.org/docs/default-source/publications/periodicals/newsletter/aic-news-vol-40-no-3-(may-2015).pdf(2023年8月23日访问)例如,参见Smithsonian Institution Archives, Finding Aid, Accession 16-097 Heritage Preservation Records Collection Overview from 1973-2014, https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_arc_379869(访问日期:2023年8月23日)AIC,“致力于减轻灾害、应对和恢复的AIC工作队”,AIC新闻20,第2期。5 (1995): 9, https://www.culturalheritage.org/docs/default-source/publications/periodicals/newsletter/aic-news-vol-20-(1995).pdf(查阅于2023年8月23日)Mary Wood Lee,“FAIC应急响应讲习班完成”,AIC新闻27,第2期。1 (2002): 13-4, https://www.culturalheritage.org/docs/default-source/publications/periodicals/newsletter/aic-news-vol-27-(2002).pdf(访问日期为2023年8月23日)AIC,“通过NEH助学金提供的FAIC特别奖学金,[工作坊]灾后湿材料的回收”,AIC News 30, no。1 (2005): 13.47 F/AIC突发事件委员会,https://www.culturalheritage.org/membership/committees/emergency-committee(查阅于2023年8月23日)49 . F/AIC,“备灾和救灾,减灾规划援助”,保护在线灾害门户网站(CoOL), https://cool.culturalheritage.org/bytopic/disasters/(2023年8月23日访问)西方艺术保护协会,WAAC通讯,第27期。3 (2005), https://cool.culturalheritage.org/waac/ttl/wn27-3-special.pdf(查阅于2023年8月23日)例如,卡尔拉·尼科尔森,《特别报告:从灾难中恢复》,美国州和地方历史协会,《历史新闻》61期。2 (2006): 7, https://www.jstor.org/stable/i40099413(访问日期为2023年8月23日)克里斯汀·怀斯曼和安·弗雷尔森,“密西西比州卡特里娜飓风的保存评估”,乔治亚州档案工作者协会通讯,第37期。3 (2005): 15;52 .密西西比的保护博客文章,“卡特里娜飓风/墨西哥湾沿岸恢复”,n.d.d, https://misspreservation.com/backstories/hurricane-katrinagulf-coast-recove
{"title":"Building a community of resilience and response—development of disaster response and training programmes","authors":"Tom Clareson, Ann Frellsen, Susan Duhl, Holly Herro, Vicki Lee","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2023.2254378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2023.2254378","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe increasing impact of catastrophic disasters has inspired a strong network of cooperative disaster resiliency programmes focussing on protection and response for heritage collections and sites around the world. A dedicated community of professionals has developed successful partnership organisations that form a collaboration of institutions, first responders, local community groups and volunteers. At the core in the United States is a consortium of governmental and private organisations. Advocating for and safeguarding cultural heritage against risks draws on conventions, policy frameworks and guidance, becoming an imperative part of effective collection and site management. This article outlines the history, missions, interrelationship and expanded programming of this resolute, primarily volunteer community. The evolution of strategic disaster resilience in North America is non-linear, as are the histories of the organisations and individuals who have contributed to the nascent specialty. Key people and agencies are dedicated to protecting cultural assets and progressively improving and professionalising disaster resilience and recovery. The strategic, physical and psychological needs of disaster-affected communities are now standard management protocols for cultural heritage collections. Tangible documentation of these changes and interconnections are spread between professional repositories and personal archives, with minimal finding aids and dependence on individual memories. This information is gathered, regularly shared and updated as part of experiential training but seldom published in historical or scholarly articles. This article is intended to bridge the gap between a literature review and a record of experiences that have moved the profession of cultural heritage responder and their support organisations forward in time.Résumé« Construire une communauté de résilience et d'intervention: l’élaboration de programmes de formation et d'intervention en cas de catastrophe »L'impact croissant des catastrophes naturelles a inspiré un solide réseau de programmes coopératifs de résilience aux catastrophes axés sur la protection et l'intervention pour les collections et les sites du patrimoine dans le monde entier. Une communauté de professionnels engagés a développé des organisations de partenariat réussies qui apportent une collaboration entre institutions, premiers intervenants, groupes communautaires locaux et bénévoles. Au cœur des États-Unis se trouve un consortium d'organisations gouvernementales et privées. La défense et la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel contre les risques s'appuient sur des conventions, des cadres politiques et des orientations, devenant un élément indispensable d'une gestion efficace des collections et des sites. Cet article décrit l'histoire, les missions, les interdépendances et la programmation élargie de cette communauté déterminée, principalement bénévole. L'évolution de la résilience stratégique aux ","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134968541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2250840
Kerith Koss Schrager, Andrew Wolf
AbstractThe National September 11 Memorial & Museum commemorates specific traumatic moments in history—the February 26, 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York and the catastrophic attacks of September 11, 2001. The recovered realia, exhibiting damage from the attacks, consists of many objects never intended to be preserved. Now 20 years later, the plastics, newspapers and corroded metals which served as placeholders connecting us with both the past and the innocent lives lost are beginning to age. In addition, the people who care for these artefacts may no longer have personal associations with the trauma; that is, the lived experience of the events which motivated the original caretakers. This paper discusses the current research conducted by museum staff related to how the conservation community navigates our own experiences, memories and evolving biases in interpreting trauma collections and how a human-centred approach of involving family members and survivors defines conservation priorities for objects meant to stay frozen in time.Résumé« ‘Ne jamais oublier’: examen des changements dans la matérialité et les pratiques de préservation au National September 11 Memorial & Museum de New York »Les Mémorial et Musée nationaux du 11 septembre commémorent des événements traumatisants particuliers dans l'histoire—l'attentat à la bombe du 26 février 1993 contre le World Trade Center à New York et les attentats désastreux du 11 septembre 2001. Les realia récupérés, montrant les dommages causés par les attentats, se composent de nombreux objets n'ayant jamais eu vocation à être conservés. Aujourd'hui, 20 ans plus tard, les plastiques, les journaux et les métaux corrodés qui ont servi de balises pour nous relier à la fois au passé et aux vies innocentes perdues commencent à vieillir. De plus, les personnes qui s'occupent de ces artefacts peuvent ne plus avoir de liens personnels avec le traumatisme; c'est-à-dire l'expérience vécue des événements qui ont motivé les premiers gardiens. Cet article fait état de la recherche actuelle menée par le personnel du Musée sur la manière dont la communauté de la conservation dirige nos propres expériences, souvenirs et biais évolutifs dans l'interprétation des collections liées à des traumatismes et comment une approche centrée sur l'être humain impliquant les membres de la famille et les survivants définit les priorités de conservation pour les objets destinés à rester figés dans le temps.Zusammenfassung„‘Niemals vergessen’: Untersuchung der Veränderungen in der Materialität und der Restaurierungspraktiken im National September 11 Memorial & Museum, New York“Das National September 11 Memorial & Museum erinnert an besondere traumatische Momente der Geschichte—den Bombenanschlag auf das World Trade Center in New York am 26. Februar 1993 und die katastrophalen Anschläge vom 11. September 2001. Die geborgenen Realien, die durch die Anschläge beschädigt wurden, bestehen aus vielen Objekten, die nie für eine l
14参见Lisa Conte和Kerith Koss Schrager,“当尘埃未定:从世界贸易中心文物中去除有害物质的对话”[在收藏关怀网络会议上的演讲,美国保护研究所(AIC)第49届年会上,2021年6月2日]拉米雷斯,“现在不完美”,65.16格林沃尔德,“通过记忆的镜头”,12.17见格林沃尔德,“通过记忆的镜头”;孔蒂和高斯施拉格,只要当尘埃不是定居19 . Steven Weintraub, Steven H. Jaffe采访,2008年4月4日,收藏,国家911纪念博物馆(C.2008.82.1)简·e·克林格,《当所剩无几的痕迹》,《纪事》第19期,第2号。2 (2017): 93 - 104;Jane E. Klinger,“损害来源的重要性”,2006年爱丁堡会议论文:第五届国际纸张保护研究所会议记录和第一届国际保护研究所会议记录,2006年7月26日至29日,Shulla Jaques编辑(爱丁堡:保护研究所,图书和纸张组,2006),51-8.20 Weintraub,采访约翰•d•蔡尔兹飞行的记忆:一个临时结构的保护9/11纪念馆”,Postprints木制构件的集团,美国保护历史和艺术作品。木器组,(2013):35-44,35.22阿莫里·霍顿,与作者的电话交谈,2023年2月22日26 . Amory Houghton,采访Jenny Pachucki, 2010年11月4日,收藏,国家9·11纪念博物馆(C.2010.317.1)例如,见利普顿,“剩余的历史从归零地”博物馆的在线收藏可在以下网址查看:https://collection.911memorial.org/.28 Klinger,“损害来源的重要性”,52.29 9/11纪念博物馆平台上以保护为重点的社交媒体帖子通常得到积极的回应,特别是与这些文物得到精心照顾的赞赏有关Cf. Romeo Vitelli,“remember 9/11”,《今日心理学》,2015年3月23日,https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/media-spotlight/201503/remembering-911(2023年6月28日访问)32 . Paul Lioy,《灰尘:它在911事件后所扮演的角色的内幕》(医学博士Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield出版社,2011)欲了解更多信息,请参阅:https://911memorial.org/support/get-involved/911-memorial-museum-visionary-network(2023年6月28日访问)弗莱彻·杜兰特,“保护不是中立的(我们也不是)”(在保护研究所,图书与纸张集团,2020年的演讲),https://www.icon.org.uk/resource/lecture-35-fletcher-durant.html(访问日期为2023年6月28日)Jan Seidler Ramirez,采访Lisa Conte和Kerith Koss Schrager, 2020年10月20日孔蒂和科斯·施拉格,《重新考虑尘埃》,36页Koss Schrager和Conte,“处理9/11相关文物”;孔蒂和科斯·施拉格,《重新考虑尘埃》,第37页参见Lisa Conte, Kerith Koss Schrager和Adrienne Gendron,“危险还是人工制品:OEHS如何通知9/11纪念馆和博物馆的世界贸易中心粉尘收集管理”,the Synergist, 6 / 7 (2021): 18-23;Adrienne Gendron, Lisa Conte和Kerith Koss Schrager,“从收集对象中去除有害物质的伦理考虑:来自国家9月纪念馆和博物馆的案例研究”(在保护我们的遗产和保护我们的健康,2020年10月29日的演讲)。38Jane E. Klinger,“原作的价值和替代物的使用”,美国保护书籍和纸张协会年度26 (2007):61-5.39 Cf. Klinger,“损害来源的重要性”,40温特劳布,面试。附加信息贡献者说明kerith Koss Schrager kerith Koss Schrager是国家911纪念博物馆的保护负责人。她是一名文物保护专家,在纽约大学美术学院保护中心获得艺术史和保护硕士学位。她于2022年在纽约大学获得环境健康科学硕士学位。安德鲁·沃尔夫是国家9·11纪念博物馆的助理管理员。他是一名文物保护者,在纽约大学美术学院保护中心获得艺术史硕士学位和保护硕士学位。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2257263
Nina Kjølsen Jernæs, Cecilie Flyen, Joel Taylor
AbstractThis article considers the development of a framework to collaboratively identify and address the most pressing needs for application of climate change research to the preservation of cultural heritage in Norway. Its focus is on historic wooden buildings, at increased risk from fire and flood due to climate change. Drawing from the field of translational research, the MICHON project identified the need for targeted, systematic knowledge networks in preparedness planning for cultural heritage environments. This was developed through a combination of desk-based research and extensive collaboration with Norwegian municipalities, fire brigades and local communities. The process has included evaluation of policy and practice in diverse case sites to frame a networking methodology that builds on Lean Construction and the backwards planning method. The interaction between researcher and practitioner has been at the forefront of the project and the iterative design has already shown transformative impacts to both practice and research.Sammendrag«‘Cycles of change’; forsterking av samhandling og kommunikasjon i norske kommuner for å styrke arbeidet med beredskap for kulturminner ved akutte hendelser»Artikkelen tar for seg utviklingen av et rammeverk for å identifisere og adressere de viktigste behovene for anvendelse av klimaendringsforskning for bevaring av kulturarv i Norge. Fokuset er på historiske trebygninger, med økt risiko for brann og flom på grunn av klimaendringene. Med translasjonell forskning som metodisk utgangspunkt, identifiserte MICHON-prosjektet behovet for målrettede, systematiske kunnskapsnettverk i beredskapsplanlegging for kulturmiljøer, i tillegg til gjennomføring av øvelser. Dette er utviklet gjennom en kombinasjon av litteraturgjennomgang og omfattende samarbeid med norske kommuner, brannvesen og lokalsamfunn. Prosessen har inkludert evaluering av politikk og praksis på ulike områder for å lage et rammeverk for en nettverksmodell og som bygger på metodene for samarbeid som Lean Construction og bakoverplanlegging. Samspillet mellom forskning og praksis har vært utforsket i prosjektet, og den iterative fremgangsmåten har allerede vist gode effekter på tvers av fagfelt.Résumé«Cycles de changement: renforcer la collaboration et la communication dans les municipalités norvégiennes pour améliorer la préparation du patrimoine face aux événements extrêmes»Cet article envisage le développement d'un cadre permettant d’identifier et de répondre de manière collaborative aux besoins les plus urgents pour mettre en application la recherche sur le changement climatique, pour la préservation du patrimoine culturel en Norvège. Il se concentre sur les bâtiments historiques en bois, exposés à un risque accru d'incendie et d'inondation en raison du changement climatique. S'inspirant du domaine de la recherche translationnelle, le projet MICHON a identifié le besoin d’avoir des réseaux de savoirs ciblés et systématiques dans la planification de
摘要本文考虑了一个框架的发展,以协同识别和解决将气候变化研究应用于挪威文化遗产保护的最迫切需求。它的重点是历史悠久的木制建筑,由于气候变化,这些建筑面临火灾和洪水的风险增加。MICHON项目借鉴了转化研究领域的经验,确定了在文化遗产环境的准备规划中需要有针对性的、系统的知识网络。这是通过桌面研究和与挪威市政当局、消防队和当地社区的广泛合作制定的。该过程包括对不同案例地点的政策和实践进行评估,以构建基于精益建设和向后规划方法的网络方法。研究者和实践者之间的互动一直是项目的前沿,迭代设计已经对实践和研究产生了变革性的影响。Sammendrag«变化的循环»;forsterking和samhandling og kommunikasjon是norske kommuner为<s:1>罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工、罢工。Fokuset的人的历史,如trebygninger, med økt的risiko为brann og从人的历史和klimaendringene。Med translingjonell用于某些metodisk的脱皮,识别micon - project的脱皮,系统的kunnskapnettverk用于文化脱皮,系统的kunnskapnettverk用于文化脱皮,系统的kunnskapnettverk用于文化脱皮,系统的kunnskapnettverk用于文化脱皮。我们的研究表明,我们的研究结果表明,我们的研究结果表明,我们的研究结果表明,我们的研究结果是正确的。研究人员已经开始对政治决策进行评估,比如对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估,对管理决策进行评估。Samspillet mellom forskning og praksis har vært utforsket我prosjektet og窝迭代fremgangsmaten har allerede考察戈德effekter pa特维尔av fagfelt。这篇文章设想了“变革周期”,即“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”,“变革周期”。我将看到集中在森林里的森林的历史,暴露了在气候变化的原因下,<s:1>气候变化与气候变化之间的危险。年代'inspirant du domaine de la矫揉造作的translationnelle le项目(一个标识符勒甚至不联系有reseaux de知道已et systematiques在规划化de la准备de l 'environnement du patrimoine文化。1 .在全国范围内,有一项调查是关于<s:1>研究协会、文献协会和协作组织的,包括市政组织、普通组织、社区组织和地方组织的。这一过程包括:从政治角度出发,从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发;从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发;从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发;从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发;从组织角度出发,从组织角度出发。交换交换与交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换:交换交换与交换交换在挪威,“文化的进步与进步:文化的进步与进步与交流”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威,“文化的进步与进步”在挪威。Der Schwerpunkt light auf historischen Holzgebäuden, die aufgrund des Klimawandels einem erhöhten visiko durch Feuer and Überschwemmungen ausgesetzt sind。(1)在德国,人们对德国文化的理解和理解是非常重要的;(2)在德国,人们对文化的理解是非常重要的。德国德国联合基金(Sekundärforschung)和德国德国联合基金(Zusammenarbeit mitnorgischen Gemeinden),德国德国联合基金(Gemeinschaften forforentwickelt)。在政治与实践的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中,在精益建设的发展过程中。 1108/IJDRBE-10-2016-0042(2023年9月5日访问)13 .《共同应对气候变化,建设气候适应型社会》,气候与环境部向挪威议会提交的白皮书,2023年(挪威语),https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/1008d2a2e92c4384890817fae9fca1d4/no/pdfs/stm202220230026000dddpdfs.pdf(2023年9月2日访问)《共同应对气候变化,建设气候适应型社会》,作者译15.文化遗产局,《气候战略:文化遗产环境管理气候战略》(挪威文化遗产局,2021年),http://www.riksantikvaren.no/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/RA_Klimastrategi_2021.15.08-oppslag_150dpi.pdf(2023年5月20日访问)16 .南希·贝尔:《与乔尔·泰勒的私人交流》(2020)Cf.例如,Clemens bl<e:1> mel等人,《寻求转化研究:关于医学研究和实践中新术语的发展和当前理解的报告》(柏林:柏林卫生研究所,2015年),https://www.bihealth.org/fileadmin/publikationen/dateien/iFQ-BIH-Report_2015_web.pdf(访问日期为2023年9月5日)乔纳森·贝克尔和简·多德森,《使用证据:什么有效?》18 .讨论文件(伦敦:NESTA, 2016), https://www.bl.uk/britishlibrary/ ~ /media/bl/global/social-welfare/pdf /non-secure/u/s/i/using-evidence-what-works.pdf(2023年9月5日访问)Cf.例如,Kathy Eljiz等人,“改进知识翻译以提高医疗保健的参与度和影响力”,BMJ开放质量9,(2020),https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32943430/(访问日期为2023年6月15日)例如,参见威尔弗雷德·卡尔和斯蒂芬·凯米斯的《变得至关重要:教育、知识和行动
{"title":"Cycles of change: enhancing collaboration and communication in Norwegian municipalities to strengthen heritage preparedness for extreme events","authors":"Nina Kjølsen Jernæs, Cecilie Flyen, Joel Taylor","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2023.2257263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2023.2257263","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis article considers the development of a framework to collaboratively identify and address the most pressing needs for application of climate change research to the preservation of cultural heritage in Norway. Its focus is on historic wooden buildings, at increased risk from fire and flood due to climate change. Drawing from the field of translational research, the MICHON project identified the need for targeted, systematic knowledge networks in preparedness planning for cultural heritage environments. This was developed through a combination of desk-based research and extensive collaboration with Norwegian municipalities, fire brigades and local communities. The process has included evaluation of policy and practice in diverse case sites to frame a networking methodology that builds on Lean Construction and the backwards planning method. The interaction between researcher and practitioner has been at the forefront of the project and the iterative design has already shown transformative impacts to both practice and research.Sammendrag«‘Cycles of change’; forsterking av samhandling og kommunikasjon i norske kommuner for å styrke arbeidet med beredskap for kulturminner ved akutte hendelser»Artikkelen tar for seg utviklingen av et rammeverk for å identifisere og adressere de viktigste behovene for anvendelse av klimaendringsforskning for bevaring av kulturarv i Norge. Fokuset er på historiske trebygninger, med økt risiko for brann og flom på grunn av klimaendringene. Med translasjonell forskning som metodisk utgangspunkt, identifiserte MICHON-prosjektet behovet for målrettede, systematiske kunnskapsnettverk i beredskapsplanlegging for kulturmiljøer, i tillegg til gjennomføring av øvelser. Dette er utviklet gjennom en kombinasjon av litteraturgjennomgang og omfattende samarbeid med norske kommuner, brannvesen og lokalsamfunn. Prosessen har inkludert evaluering av politikk og praksis på ulike områder for å lage et rammeverk for en nettverksmodell og som bygger på metodene for samarbeid som Lean Construction og bakoverplanlegging. Samspillet mellom forskning og praksis har vært utforsket i prosjektet, og den iterative fremgangsmåten har allerede vist gode effekter på tvers av fagfelt.Résumé«Cycles de changement: renforcer la collaboration et la communication dans les municipalités norvégiennes pour améliorer la préparation du patrimoine face aux événements extrêmes»Cet article envisage le développement d'un cadre permettant d’identifier et de répondre de manière collaborative aux besoins les plus urgents pour mettre en application la recherche sur le changement climatique, pour la préservation du patrimoine culturel en Norvège. Il se concentre sur les bâtiments historiques en bois, exposés à un risque accru d'incendie et d'inondation en raison du changement climatique. S'inspirant du domaine de la recherche translationnelle, le projet MICHON a identifié le besoin d’avoir des réseaux de savoirs ciblés et systématiques dans la planification de","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2257436
Josep Grau-Bové
"Josep Grau-Bové reviews." Journal of the Institute of Conservation, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
Josep grau - bovaud评论道。《自然保护研究所学报》,印刷前,第1-2页
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Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2023.2257271
Pakhee Kumar
Crowdfunding relies heavily on public participation and public participation is subject to certain conditions, such as the motivation to participate and the effectiveness of the call to participate. Using the case of the 1966 Florence Flood, this article explores the techniques to motivate the crowd adopted by the Committee to Rescue Italian Art, a committee formed in the USA to help protect the heritage of Florence, and newspaper reports published in the USA between 1966 and 1968. Seven overlapping frames were evident in the news reports and the CRIA’s call: damage, fundraising, people, rescue, restoration, the committee and its actions, and the value of Florence. In essence, the techniques adopted to motivate people to participate in the post-disaster crowdfunding included: (1) the dependency on mainstream media; (2) frequent use of all available communication channels; (3) multiple types of calls for support; (4) emphasis on the value of Florence; (5) highlighting a shared sense of ownership; (6) giving a sense of urgency; and (7) evoking the memory of past disasters. While the news media worked to inform the public, CRIA worked to encourage them to participate. The media reports analysed did not leverage emotive content to attract crowd participation whereas the calls initiated by CRIA used some emotive content. The article concludes with a discussion on the implications for managing crowdfunding campaigns to utilise the power of decentralised collective action.
众筹很大程度上依赖于公众的参与,而公众的参与是有一定条件的,比如参与的动机、参与号召的有效性等。以1966年佛罗伦萨洪水为例,本文探讨了1966年至1968年期间在美国成立的“拯救意大利艺术委员会”(Committee to Rescue italy Art)所采用的激励人群的技术,该委员会旨在帮助保护佛罗伦萨的遗产。在新闻报道和CRIA的呼吁中,七个重叠的框架很明显:损害、筹款、人员、救援、修复、委员会及其行动,以及佛罗伦萨的价值。从本质上讲,激励人们参与灾后众筹的技术包括:(1)对主流媒体的依赖;(2)频繁使用所有可用的通信渠道;(3)多种类型的支持电话;(4)重视佛罗伦萨的价值;(5)强调共同的主人翁意识;(六)具有紧迫感;(7)唤起对过去灾难的记忆。新闻媒体致力于告知公众,而CRIA则致力于鼓励公众参与。分析的媒体报道并没有利用情感内容来吸引人群参与,而CRIA发起的呼吁使用了一些情感内容。文章最后讨论了管理众筹活动的意义,以利用分散的集体行动的力量。
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Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.26.554902
Michael H Berry, Joseph Leffler, Charles N Allen, Benjamin Sivyer
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), contain the photopigment melanopsin, and influence both image and non-image forming behaviors. Despite being categorized into multiple types (M1-M6), physiological variability within these types suggests our current understanding of ipRGCs is incomplete. We used multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings and unbiased cluster analysis under synaptic blockade to identify 8 functional clusters of ipRGCs, each with distinct photosensitivity and response timing. We used Cre mice to drive the expression of channelrhodopsin in SON-ipRGCs, enabling the localization of distinct ipRGCs in the dorsal retina. Additionally, we conducted a retrospective unbiased cluster analysis of ipRGC photoresponses to light stimuli across scotopic, mesopic, and photopic intensities, aimed at activating both rod and cone inputs to ipRGCs. Our results revealed shared and distinct synaptic inputs to the identified functional clusters, demonstrating that ipRGCs encode visual information with high fidelity at low light intensities, but poorly at photopic light intensities, when melanopsin activation is highest. Collectively, our findings support a framework with at least 8 functional subtypes of ipRGCs, each encoding luminance with distinct spike outputs, highlighting the inherent functional diversity and complexity of ipRGCs and suggesting a reevaluation of their contributions to retinal function and visual perception under varying light conditions.
{"title":"Functional subtypes of rodent melanopsin ganglion cells switch roles between night and day illumination.","authors":"Michael H Berry, Joseph Leffler, Charles N Allen, Benjamin Sivyer","doi":"10.1101/2023.08.26.554902","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.08.26.554902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), contain the photopigment melanopsin, and influence both image and non-image forming behaviors. Despite being categorized into multiple types (M1-M6), physiological variability within these types suggests our current understanding of ipRGCs is incomplete. We used multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings and unbiased cluster analysis under synaptic blockade to identify 8 functional clusters of ipRGCs, each with distinct photosensitivity and response timing. We used Cre mice to drive the expression of channelrhodopsin in SON-ipRGCs, enabling the localization of distinct ipRGCs in the dorsal retina. Additionally, we conducted a retrospective unbiased cluster analysis of ipRGC photoresponses to light stimuli across scotopic, mesopic, and photopic intensities, aimed at activating both rod and cone inputs to ipRGCs. Our results revealed shared and distinct synaptic inputs to the identified functional clusters, demonstrating that ipRGCs encode visual information with high fidelity at low light intensities, but poorly at photopic light intensities, when melanopsin activation is highest. Collectively, our findings support a framework with at least 8 functional subtypes of ipRGCs, each encoding luminance with distinct spike outputs, highlighting the inherent functional diversity and complexity of ipRGCs and suggesting a reevaluation of their contributions to retinal function and visual perception under varying light conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10760181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82453116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}