Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2065690
Sofia Gomes, R. Macedo
Abstract In the artist’s absence, a work’s reinstallation can become far more complex as there is no longer a single centralised reference point. Instead, there is a form of distributed memory that depends on the communication and negotiation between the various stakeholders responsible for the work’s conservation. As such, conservators and curators act as part of a larger network of agents, which includes the artist’s estate, gallerists, artist’s assistants, technicians, collectors and others, all with interests and expectations which influence the work’s trajectory. This article discusses the reinstallation of Art of Escape (2016) by the Portuguese artist Ana Vieira (1940–2016). The article asks what is it that makes the work Art of Escape and what does it mean for that work to change? We use Art of Escape to explore the reinstallation process for a work by analysing the perspective of various stakeholders while highlighting the conservator’s role in the decision-making process.
在艺术家缺席的情况下，一件作品的重新装置会变得复杂得多，因为不再有一个单一的集中参考点。相反，存在一种分布式内存形式，它依赖于负责工作保存的各种涉众之间的沟通和协商。因此，文物保管员和策展人是一个更大的代理网络的一部分，这个网络包括艺术家的财产、画廊老板、艺术家助理、技术人员、收藏家和其他人，他们都有兴趣和期望影响作品的轨迹。本文讨论了葡萄牙艺术家Ana Vieira(1940-2016)的《逃离艺术》(Art of Escape, 2016)的重新装置。这篇文章提出了一个问题:是什么造就了《逃离的艺术》这部作品?对于这部作品的改变意味着什么?通过分析不同利益相关者的观点，我们利用“逃离的艺术”来探索一件作品的重新安装过程，同时强调了保护人员在决策过程中的作用。
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Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2079815
Neela K. Wickremesinghe
culture; the authors report these as preliminary data, and as they mention, more data would support their interpretation. The last two sections include contributions related to the protection of cultural heritage, the use of GIS Technology in field conservation and for the identification of previously unknown archaeological sites, and the use of laser and nuclear irradiation methods as a tool to facilitate conservation treatment of cultural heritage objects. Todor Valchev and Stefan Bakardzhiev from the Regional Historical Museum in Yambol, Bulgaria, discuss the use of GIS to determine the precise location of ancient settlements in their paper ‘The Boyadzhik concession area: the use of GIS technology in the protection of cultural heritage’, before the last section, ‘Heritage Restoration and Conservation Methods’, which has three papers on conservation presented by conservation scientist colleagues from Bulgaria, Romania and France. Victoria Atanassova, Ivan Kostadinov, Peter Zahariev and Margarita Grozeva from the Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, discuss their testing for the removal of graffiti-paint sprays from samples of limestone, granite and marble using two different laser systems in ‘Laser-assisted removal of graffiti paint on stone: potential use in the restoration of cultural heritage monuments’. In ‘Cultural heritage disinfection by irradiation’, Corneliu Ponta from the National Institute for Research and Development in Physics and Nuclear Engineering in Romania promotes the use of gamma radiation to ‘disinfect’ organic heritage and supports it as a safe method for the conservation of heritage materials, while Laurent Cortella (ARCNucléart—CEA Grenoble, France) in ‘Nuclear techniques in preservation treatments of archaeological organic materials and how to take archaeological studies into account when applying them’ describes a wider range of applications of gamma irradiation for the conservation of waterlogged archaeological organic materials. All papers in this section offer useful examples where the physical sciences are combined with state-of-the-art methods to present useful options for conservation choices, provided that there is the opportunity to access such facilities. This reviewer could not agree more with the editors that South-Eastern Europe ‘is characterised by [...] an obvious need to bring closer together traditionally-trained archaeologists with specialists in natural sciences interested in the research and conservation of ancient material remains’. Meetings of this kind and their resulting publications are needed to communicate local archaeometry to an international scientific audience. In that respect, the book achieves the goal of publication, because the volume covers nearly all aspects of heritage sciences employed in this part of Europe andmaking the book open access admirably furthers this goal. The book is useful to everyone working on the archaeology of the Balkans, because the p
{"title":"Neela K. Wickremesinghe reviews","authors":"Neela K. Wickremesinghe","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2079815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2079815","url":null,"abstract":"culture; the authors report these as preliminary data, and as they mention, more data would support their interpretation. The last two sections include contributions related to the protection of cultural heritage, the use of GIS Technology in field conservation and for the identification of previously unknown archaeological sites, and the use of laser and nuclear irradiation methods as a tool to facilitate conservation treatment of cultural heritage objects. Todor Valchev and Stefan Bakardzhiev from the Regional Historical Museum in Yambol, Bulgaria, discuss the use of GIS to determine the precise location of ancient settlements in their paper ‘The Boyadzhik concession area: the use of GIS technology in the protection of cultural heritage’, before the last section, ‘Heritage Restoration and Conservation Methods’, which has three papers on conservation presented by conservation scientist colleagues from Bulgaria, Romania and France. Victoria Atanassova, Ivan Kostadinov, Peter Zahariev and Margarita Grozeva from the Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, discuss their testing for the removal of graffiti-paint sprays from samples of limestone, granite and marble using two different laser systems in ‘Laser-assisted removal of graffiti paint on stone: potential use in the restoration of cultural heritage monuments’. In ‘Cultural heritage disinfection by irradiation’, Corneliu Ponta from the National Institute for Research and Development in Physics and Nuclear Engineering in Romania promotes the use of gamma radiation to ‘disinfect’ organic heritage and supports it as a safe method for the conservation of heritage materials, while Laurent Cortella (ARCNucléart—CEA Grenoble, France) in ‘Nuclear techniques in preservation treatments of archaeological organic materials and how to take archaeological studies into account when applying them’ describes a wider range of applications of gamma irradiation for the conservation of waterlogged archaeological organic materials. All papers in this section offer useful examples where the physical sciences are combined with state-of-the-art methods to present useful options for conservation choices, provided that there is the opportunity to access such facilities. This reviewer could not agree more with the editors that South-Eastern Europe ‘is characterised by [...] an obvious need to bring closer together traditionally-trained archaeologists with specialists in natural sciences interested in the research and conservation of ancient material remains’. Meetings of this kind and their resulting publications are needed to communicate local archaeometry to an international scientific audience. In that respect, the book achieves the goal of publication, because the volume covers nearly all aspects of heritage sciences employed in this part of Europe andmaking the book open access admirably furthers this goal. The book is useful to everyone working on the archaeology of the Balkans, because the p","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"151 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46337074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2079816
Panagiota Manti
vation of existing paint coatings. These two areas of conservation have grown in importance for metalwork, especially as in the more recent past it was commonplace to remove all old paint layers back to a bare metal surface. There are now techniques that can be used to successfully conserve original paint finishes and it would have been good to see some discussion of them. The book is primarily aimed at those tasked with delivering architectural ironwork conservation projects. As the author notes, being commonplace, the value of ironwork is often overlooked resulting in the loss of such heritage over time. This book aims to provide the reader with the necessary theory and understanding of current practical techniques to ensure the correct conservation approach is taken to ironwork and is an excellent book for clients, custodians, architects and specifiers. It also provides conservators with a good resource to refer to when involved with architectural ironwork projects and, writing as an historic ironwork specialist, this book provides an excellent reference and should be a valuable resource to all those caring for architectural ironwork.
{"title":"Panagiota Manti reviews","authors":"Panagiota Manti","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2079816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2079816","url":null,"abstract":"vation of existing paint coatings. These two areas of conservation have grown in importance for metalwork, especially as in the more recent past it was commonplace to remove all old paint layers back to a bare metal surface. There are now techniques that can be used to successfully conserve original paint finishes and it would have been good to see some discussion of them. The book is primarily aimed at those tasked with delivering architectural ironwork conservation projects. As the author notes, being commonplace, the value of ironwork is often overlooked resulting in the loss of such heritage over time. This book aims to provide the reader with the necessary theory and understanding of current practical techniques to ensure the correct conservation approach is taken to ironwork and is an excellent book for clients, custodians, architects and specifiers. It also provides conservators with a good resource to refer to when involved with architectural ironwork projects and, writing as an historic ironwork specialist, this book provides an excellent reference and should be a valuable resource to all those caring for architectural ironwork.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"149 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42191888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2077424
Peter Meehan ACR
{"title":"Peter Meehan reviews","authors":"Peter Meehan ACR","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2077424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2077424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"147 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42368396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2064531
A. Barbara, M. Ewing, E. Kelleher, Amelia O'Donnell
Abstract This article explores some of the obstacles currently facing Australian-based emerging conservators in securing work opportunities. Based on their recent experiences, the authors consider how such opportunities are critical for professional development, how they can be mutually beneficial for host organisations and how meaningful intergenerational skills transfer is the key to industry sustainability. The authors’ experiences are placed within the broader Australian conservation context through the interrogation of data collected in recent surveys concerning levels of employment and professional engagement for emerging conservators. The decentralisation of employment opportunities, continued strategic advocacy and the establishment of a nationally recognised internship programme are discussed as sustainable solutions for future industry growth.
{"title":"Early career employment opportunities and obstacles: recent experiences of four emerging conservators from Australia","authors":"A. Barbara, M. Ewing, E. Kelleher, Amelia O'Donnell","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2064531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2064531","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores some of the obstacles currently facing Australian-based emerging conservators in securing work opportunities. Based on their recent experiences, the authors consider how such opportunities are critical for professional development, how they can be mutually beneficial for host organisations and how meaningful intergenerational skills transfer is the key to industry sustainability. The authors’ experiences are placed within the broader Australian conservation context through the interrogation of data collected in recent surveys concerning levels of employment and professional engagement for emerging conservators. The decentralisation of employment opportunities, continued strategic advocacy and the establishment of a nationally recognised internship programme are discussed as sustainable solutions for future industry growth.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"122 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43126602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2068634
Paulina Kralka
Abstract Since the 1970s, a continuous exchange of information about conservation between Europe and East Asia has greatly influenced approaches to the treatment of paper objects as well as the tools and materials used. This knowledge is often disseminated and absorbed in a purely practical manner, stripped out of its wider cultural context. However, what is considered ‘appropriate’ treatment is closely linked to how a particular culture has historically interacted with artworks and arguably the lack of broader cultural perspectives can lead to misguided assumptions in the evaluation of those practices. This article reflects on the differences between European and East Asian cultures of paper conservation. By taking into consideration the relevant cultural, philosophical and historical contexts, the article aims to explore how approaches to conservation, as well as to the profession itself, have developed in these two different parts of the world. It further encourages paper conservators to reflect on their own training and practices while offering an understanding of how these approaches can sometimes be mutually exclusive.
{"title":"Conserving paper: reflections on cultures of conservation in Europe and East Asia","authors":"Paulina Kralka","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2068634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2068634","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since the 1970s, a continuous exchange of information about conservation between Europe and East Asia has greatly influenced approaches to the treatment of paper objects as well as the tools and materials used. This knowledge is often disseminated and absorbed in a purely practical manner, stripped out of its wider cultural context. However, what is considered ‘appropriate’ treatment is closely linked to how a particular culture has historically interacted with artworks and arguably the lack of broader cultural perspectives can lead to misguided assumptions in the evaluation of those practices. This article reflects on the differences between European and East Asian cultures of paper conservation. By taking into consideration the relevant cultural, philosophical and historical contexts, the article aims to explore how approaches to conservation, as well as to the profession itself, have developed in these two different parts of the world. It further encourages paper conservators to reflect on their own training and practices while offering an understanding of how these approaches can sometimes be mutually exclusive.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"135 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47822028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2065689
E. Masoud, M. Gharipour
Abstract As various heritage charters state, any cultural values in a building should be conserved as part of any adaptive reuse process. However, where buildings embody contradicting values, how should they be evaluated? This article applies an integrated ANP–Fuzzy DEMATEL framework based on a value-typology review in order to analyse and correlate the inherent cultural values of buildings to help in the planning of processes to meet the conservation objectives. The authors present a case study of a culturally significant and endangered industrial heritage building in Isfahan, Iran using the proposed evaluation method based on the input of conservation experts. The results of this research demonstrate that the sensory-related values of the Isfahan Risbaf Factory bore a much greater weighting than others, such as those more associative and evidentiary. It also demonstrates that the most influential values were found to be ones related to both aesthetics and age. The authors conclude that the use of the framework could curb those excessively adventurous enterprises while mitigating conservatism in future adaptive reuse projects.
{"title":"Developing a model to weigh cultural values in the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings: the case of the Risbaf Factory in Isfahan, Iran","authors":"E. Masoud, M. Gharipour","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2065689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2065689","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As various heritage charters state, any cultural values in a building should be conserved as part of any adaptive reuse process. However, where buildings embody contradicting values, how should they be evaluated? This article applies an integrated ANP–Fuzzy DEMATEL framework based on a value-typology review in order to analyse and correlate the inherent cultural values of buildings to help in the planning of processes to meet the conservation objectives. The authors present a case study of a culturally significant and endangered industrial heritage building in Isfahan, Iran using the proposed evaluation method based on the input of conservation experts. The results of this research demonstrate that the sensory-related values of the Isfahan Risbaf Factory bore a much greater weighting than others, such as those more associative and evidentiary. It also demonstrates that the most influential values were found to be ones related to both aesthetics and age. The authors conclude that the use of the framework could curb those excessively adventurous enterprises while mitigating conservatism in future adaptive reuse projects.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"105 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44722508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2022.2068633
T. Mcclintock, Lorraine Bigrigg, deborah lacamera
Abstract While Chinese export paintings resemble those used in the grand interiors of eighteenth-century China, they were produced for use in Western interiors that were assumed to be similarly grand locations. However, Chinese export paintings on silk and paper were mounted using different surface preparations that reflected the materials and trade practices as used on historic Western wallpapers. While the scale and aesthetics of these two categories of wallcoverings may appear similar, their media and support systems, and the nature of their material stability, are very different. With the widespread introduction of East Asian paper conservation techniques in Western conservation, Chinese export wallcoverings began to be treated using similar sensibilities, procedures and materials. This development will be considered along with the place of connoisseurship in encouraging a different conservation approach given the nature of their distinctive qualities.
{"title":"Observations on the conservation of Chinese export wallcoverings as both Western and East Asian works","authors":"T. Mcclintock, Lorraine Bigrigg, deborah lacamera","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2068633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2068633","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While Chinese export paintings resemble those used in the grand interiors of eighteenth-century China, they were produced for use in Western interiors that were assumed to be similarly grand locations. However, Chinese export paintings on silk and paper were mounted using different surface preparations that reflected the materials and trade practices as used on historic Western wallpapers. While the scale and aesthetics of these two categories of wallcoverings may appear similar, their media and support systems, and the nature of their material stability, are very different. With the widespread introduction of East Asian paper conservation techniques in Western conservation, Chinese export wallcoverings began to be treated using similar sensibilities, procedures and materials. This development will be considered along with the place of connoisseurship in encouraging a different conservation approach given the nature of their distinctive qualities.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"83 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48711121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2021.2024445
C. Petiti, Sonia Pistidda, Jean Marie Welter, L. Toniolo, M. Giambruno, S. Goidanich
Abstract The investigation of the state of preservation of the Colossus of San Carlo Borromeo in Arona, Italy, San Carlone, offered the opportunity to consider the preservation of cultural heritage through a holistic approach. The scientific interest of the statue arises from the observation of the reasonable state of conservation of its metallic materials. The statue, inaugurated in 1698, consists of an outer layer of embossed copper sheets fixed to an iron armature. It is exposed to atmospheric agents with favourable conditions for galvanic corrosion between the two metals. Despite this, both the copper and iron elements show a fairly good state of preservation. The study of documents and information about selected materials, construction events, transformations and restoration interventions are fundamental to understanding those factors—environmental, technical, physical, historical—that have led to the relatively good condition of the statue. These studies were complemented with diagnostic analyses to provide some initial conclusions regarding the continued preservation of the statue.
{"title":"Learning from history: the case of the San Carlone colossus after the test of time","authors":"C. Petiti, Sonia Pistidda, Jean Marie Welter, L. Toniolo, M. Giambruno, S. Goidanich","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2021.2024445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2021.2024445","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The investigation of the state of preservation of the Colossus of San Carlo Borromeo in Arona, Italy, San Carlone, offered the opportunity to consider the preservation of cultural heritage through a holistic approach. The scientific interest of the statue arises from the observation of the reasonable state of conservation of its metallic materials. The statue, inaugurated in 1698, consists of an outer layer of embossed copper sheets fixed to an iron armature. It is exposed to atmospheric agents with favourable conditions for galvanic corrosion between the two metals. Despite this, both the copper and iron elements show a fairly good state of preservation. The study of documents and information about selected materials, construction events, transformations and restoration interventions are fundamental to understanding those factors—environmental, technical, physical, historical—that have led to the relatively good condition of the statue. These studies were complemented with diagnostic analyses to provide some initial conclusions regarding the continued preservation of the statue.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"18 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48229922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19455224.2021.2017315
Sjoukje Telleman, Emmy de Groot, I. Joosten, René Lugtigheid, M. V. van Bommel
Abstract In 2016, a unique archaeological find of seventeenth-century silk clothing in the form of countless pieces of silk from a shipwreck off Texel, in the Netherlands became world news. In 2017 it was discovered that part of the find had remained damp, and this presented a unique opportunity to conduct research into controlled rinsing and drying methods for this type of material. The aim of the resulting research project was to find a treatment—in as short a time as possible—which would not only save these fragmentary and very degraded silk textiles, but also establish which treatment method would be most suitable to deal with any similar find. Four rinsing agents, rinsing methods and drying techniques were tested on samples of the original material. Of the methods tested, rinsing with a fine and controlled stream of water produced the best cleaning results, but due to its mechanical action it also caused the greatest loss of material. The drying experiments produced no significant differences in fibre condition at a micro-level, with any changes unnoticeable due to the heterogeneous character of the material and the very damaged surface of the fibres. However, freeze-dried samples remained significantly more flexible than those which had been air-dried and were also less distorted and crumpled. Although the research did not provide any definitive ‘best’ combination of treatments, it did offer insight into the risks and advantages of the chosen methods to enable a better-informed treatment choice. As such, final treatment of the damp silks involved their separation, smoothing and careful rinsing on both sides using a controlled stream of water. The entire collection was then freeze-dried and as a result around 60 fragments were successfully conserved.
{"title":"The Texel textile find revisited: the testing of cleaning and drying processes for historical wet rags","authors":"Sjoukje Telleman, Emmy de Groot, I. Joosten, René Lugtigheid, M. V. van Bommel","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2021.2017315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2021.2017315","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2016, a unique archaeological find of seventeenth-century silk clothing in the form of countless pieces of silk from a shipwreck off Texel, in the Netherlands became world news. In 2017 it was discovered that part of the find had remained damp, and this presented a unique opportunity to conduct research into controlled rinsing and drying methods for this type of material. The aim of the resulting research project was to find a treatment—in as short a time as possible—which would not only save these fragmentary and very degraded silk textiles, but also establish which treatment method would be most suitable to deal with any similar find. Four rinsing agents, rinsing methods and drying techniques were tested on samples of the original material. Of the methods tested, rinsing with a fine and controlled stream of water produced the best cleaning results, but due to its mechanical action it also caused the greatest loss of material. The drying experiments produced no significant differences in fibre condition at a micro-level, with any changes unnoticeable due to the heterogeneous character of the material and the very damaged surface of the fibres. However, freeze-dried samples remained significantly more flexible than those which had been air-dried and were also less distorted and crumpled. Although the research did not provide any definitive ‘best’ combination of treatments, it did offer insight into the risks and advantages of the chosen methods to enable a better-informed treatment choice. As such, final treatment of the damp silks involved their separation, smoothing and careful rinsing on both sides using a controlled stream of water. The entire collection was then freeze-dried and as a result around 60 fragments were successfully conserved.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"45 1","pages":"3 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48333160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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