Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243601
Khaidir Fadli Umar, Nur Nasry Noor, Ida Leida Maria, M Nadjib Bustan, M Tahir Abdullah, Ridwan M Thaha
Background: Pneumonia is the second highest cause of under-five mortality in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyse the risk factors for pneumonia among under-fives in Wajo Regency. Methodology: This type of research was a quantitative study using a case-control study design. The population was all children in the working areas of Salewangeng Health Centre, Penrang Health Centre, and Belawa Health Centre. The sample size was 224 children consisting of 112 cases and 112 controls. The odds ratio test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the data. Results: Risk factors associated with pneumonia were under-five nutritional status (OR=3.563; 95%CI=1.57-8.65; p=0.0008), indoor smoke exposure (OR=5.852; 95%CI=2.88-12.36; p=0.000), maternal age (OR=2.575; 95%CI=1.45-4.58; p=0.0005), and number of children in the family (OR=3.133; 95%CI=1.65-6.05; p=0.0002). Conclusions: The most influential risk factor for under-five pneumonia was indoor smoke exposure. The probability of pneumonia among under-fives who were exposed to indoor smoke, had a maternal age 30 years, and had poor nutritional status was 89.8%. It is recommended for the community to reduce smoking activities in the house and reduce the use of mosquito coils to prevent smoke exposure to children at home.
{"title":"Risk Factor of Paediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Wajo Regency, Indonesia","authors":"Khaidir Fadli Umar, Nur Nasry Noor, Ida Leida Maria, M Nadjib Bustan, M Tahir Abdullah, Ridwan M Thaha","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243601","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pneumonia is the second highest cause of under-five mortality in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyse the risk factors for pneumonia among under-fives in Wajo Regency.\u0000Methodology: This type of research was a quantitative study using a case-control study design. The population was all children in the working areas of Salewangeng Health Centre, Penrang Health Centre, and Belawa Health Centre. The sample size was 224 children consisting of 112 cases and 112 controls. The odds ratio test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the data.\u0000Results: Risk factors associated with pneumonia were under-five nutritional status (OR=3.563; 95%CI=1.57-8.65; p=0.0008), indoor smoke exposure (OR=5.852; 95%CI=2.88-12.36; p=0.000), maternal age (OR=2.575; 95%CI=1.45-4.58; p=0.0005), and number of children in the family (OR=3.133; 95%CI=1.65-6.05; p=0.0002).\u0000Conclusions: The most influential risk factor for under-five pneumonia was indoor smoke exposure. The probability of pneumonia among under-fives who were exposed to indoor smoke, had a maternal age 30 years, and had poor nutritional status was 89.8%. It is recommended for the community to reduce smoking activities in the house and reduce the use of mosquito coils to prevent smoke exposure to children at home.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"240 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139812650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243452
Rangla James, Shantibala Konjengbam, Soubam Christina
Context/Background: Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide and in India. Educational interventions can create opportunities for patients to better understand their conditions and the role of therapies, as well as heighten awareness about disease progression and complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive health education program in comparison with self-reading learning on blood pressure control. Methodology: This study was a non-randomised controlled trial, involving 66 hypertensive patients from the eight villages in Kamjong district, Manipur. Participants were allocated to one of the two groups; intervention group (interactive health education) and control group (self-reading learning). Changes in blood pressure, Hypertension-related knowledge, attitude, lifestyle, adherence to medications and anthropometric parameters at three months post intervention from baseline were measured. Data was analysed using SPSS for Windows (Version 26.0). Results: Three months post intervention, intervention group had more knowledge and adherence and better attitude as compared to the control. There was no significant change in the proportion of participants with controlled blood pressure in both the groups. Changes in lifestyle and anthropometric parameters were not significant. Conclusions: Interactive health education is effective in terms of improvement in knowledge about hypertension, adherence to medication and attitude towards hypertension. A longer follow up might be needed to see changes in blood pressure control.
{"title":"Comparison of Effects of Interactive Health Education and Self-Reading Learning on Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients: A Non-Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Rangla James, Shantibala Konjengbam, Soubam Christina","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243452","url":null,"abstract":"Context/Background: Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide and in India. Educational interventions can create opportunities for patients to better understand their conditions and the role of therapies, as well as heighten awareness about disease progression and complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive health education program in comparison with self-reading learning on blood pressure control.\u0000Methodology: This study was a non-randomised controlled trial, involving 66 hypertensive patients from the eight villages in Kamjong district, Manipur. Participants were allocated to one of the two groups; intervention group (interactive health education) and control group (self-reading learning). Changes in blood pressure, Hypertension-related knowledge, attitude, lifestyle, adherence to medications and anthropometric parameters at three months post intervention from baseline were measured. Data was analysed using SPSS for Windows (Version 26.0).\u0000Results: Three months post intervention, intervention group had more knowledge and adherence and better attitude as compared to the control. There was no significant change in the proportion of participants with controlled blood pressure in both the groups. Changes in lifestyle and anthropometric parameters were not significant.\u0000Conclusions: Interactive health education is effective in terms of improvement in knowledge about hypertension, adherence to medication and attitude towards hypertension. A longer follow up might be needed to see changes in blood pressure control.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"24 6-7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139876614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243590
Charu Singh, Gulshan R Bandre, Ujwal L. Gajbe, Saurabh Shrivastava, Yugeshwari Tiwade, N. Bankar, Khwaja Moizuddin
With limited areas where people can work out, an increase in sedentary work with the growing popularity of desk jobs and television and video devices, inactive lifestyles are becoming more and more common around the world. The objective of the current review is to explore the role of sedentary habits in the causation of different diseases and their impact on global health standards. Consequently, the associated health problems are becoming more serious. Inactivity has a significant influence on the human body in numerous ways. It disrupts lipolysis, transporter proteins, muscle glucose, the metabolic process, and lipoprotein lipase functionality. Prolonged sedentary behavior directly impacts the gravity, body weight balance, and can lead to fluid retention, obesity, and an increase in oxidative stress. An inactive lifestyle has a range of adverse impacts on our bodies, including a surge in all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and the probability of contracting diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in addition to physical ailments like arthralgia and osteoporosis, mental health issues like depression, and mental retardation. Consequently, to advance public health, we need to reduce sedentary practices and increase physical activity.
{"title":"Sedentary Habits and Their Detrimental Impact on Global Health: A Viewpoint","authors":"Charu Singh, Gulshan R Bandre, Ujwal L. Gajbe, Saurabh Shrivastava, Yugeshwari Tiwade, N. Bankar, Khwaja Moizuddin","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243590","url":null,"abstract":"With limited areas where people can work out, an increase in sedentary work with the growing popularity of desk jobs and television and video devices, inactive lifestyles are becoming more and more common around the world. The objective of the current review is to explore the role of sedentary habits in the causation of different diseases and their impact on global health standards. Consequently, the associated health problems are becoming more serious. Inactivity has a significant influence on the human body in numerous ways. It disrupts lipolysis, transporter proteins, muscle glucose, the metabolic process, and lipoprotein lipase functionality. Prolonged sedentary behavior directly impacts the gravity, body weight balance, and can lead to fluid retention, obesity, and an increase in oxidative stress. An inactive lifestyle has a range of adverse impacts on our bodies, including a surge in all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and the probability of contracting diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in addition to physical ailments like arthralgia and osteoporosis, mental health issues like depression, and mental retardation. Consequently, to advance public health, we need to reduce sedentary practices and increase physical activity.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243512
Rajkumar Krishnan Vasanthi, Kishanthini Murugayah, Praveen Jayaprabha Surendran, A. Nadzalan, V. Purushothaman, Yughdtheswari Muniandy, Sivabavani Sadasivam
Background: Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) is used effectively to encourage and promote an increased level of Physical Activity (PA) in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the status of PAM and to identify the type of monitoring method being used among young adults in Malaysia is avoid health risks. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data collection was based on a validated customized questionnaire carried out by sending it online via email, WhatsApp, and Facebook with an explanation of the research background, including the link of the survey questionnaires to the respondents. Results: A total of 400 participants completed this survey and most participants were in the age range between 25-29 and 50.7% were males. Nearly half of the participants (61.0%) declared that they were monitoring their PA regularly and smartwatches (20.5%) are the most preferable type for PAM. Conclusion: In this survey, it can be concluded that more awareness needs to be created on the importance of PAM among young adults as nearly another half of the participants surveyed that they were not monitoring their regular PA to follow a healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"A Survey On Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) Among Malaysian Young Adults","authors":"Rajkumar Krishnan Vasanthi, Kishanthini Murugayah, Praveen Jayaprabha Surendran, A. Nadzalan, V. Purushothaman, Yughdtheswari Muniandy, Sivabavani Sadasivam","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243512","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) is used effectively to encourage and promote an increased level of Physical Activity (PA) in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the status of PAM and to identify the type of monitoring method being used among young adults in Malaysia is avoid health risks.\u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data collection was based on a validated customized questionnaire carried out by sending it online via email, WhatsApp, and Facebook with an explanation of the research background, including the link of the survey questionnaires to the respondents.\u0000Results: A total of 400 participants completed this survey and most participants were in the age range between 25-29 and 50.7% were males. Nearly half of the participants (61.0%) declared that they were monitoring their PA regularly and smartwatches (20.5%) are the most preferable type for PAM.\u0000Conclusion: In this survey, it can be concluded that more awareness needs to be created on the importance of PAM among young adults as nearly another half of the participants surveyed that they were not monitoring their regular PA to follow a healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139876777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243512
Rajkumar Krishnan Vasanthi, Kishanthini Murugayah, Praveen Jayaprabha Surendran, A. Nadzalan, V. Purushothaman, Yughdtheswari Muniandy, Sivabavani Sadasivam
Background: Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) is used effectively to encourage and promote an increased level of Physical Activity (PA) in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the status of PAM and to identify the type of monitoring method being used among young adults in Malaysia is avoid health risks. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data collection was based on a validated customized questionnaire carried out by sending it online via email, WhatsApp, and Facebook with an explanation of the research background, including the link of the survey questionnaires to the respondents. Results: A total of 400 participants completed this survey and most participants were in the age range between 25-29 and 50.7% were males. Nearly half of the participants (61.0%) declared that they were monitoring their PA regularly and smartwatches (20.5%) are the most preferable type for PAM. Conclusion: In this survey, it can be concluded that more awareness needs to be created on the importance of PAM among young adults as nearly another half of the participants surveyed that they were not monitoring their regular PA to follow a healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"A Survey On Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) Among Malaysian Young Adults","authors":"Rajkumar Krishnan Vasanthi, Kishanthini Murugayah, Praveen Jayaprabha Surendran, A. Nadzalan, V. Purushothaman, Yughdtheswari Muniandy, Sivabavani Sadasivam","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243512","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical Activity Monitoring (PAM) is used effectively to encourage and promote an increased level of Physical Activity (PA) in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the status of PAM and to identify the type of monitoring method being used among young adults in Malaysia is avoid health risks.\u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data collection was based on a validated customized questionnaire carried out by sending it online via email, WhatsApp, and Facebook with an explanation of the research background, including the link of the survey questionnaires to the respondents.\u0000Results: A total of 400 participants completed this survey and most participants were in the age range between 25-29 and 50.7% were males. Nearly half of the participants (61.0%) declared that they were monitoring their PA regularly and smartwatches (20.5%) are the most preferable type for PAM.\u0000Conclusion: In this survey, it can be concluded that more awareness needs to be created on the importance of PAM among young adults as nearly another half of the participants surveyed that they were not monitoring their regular PA to follow a healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139816719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243452
Rangla James, Shantibala Konjengbam, Soubam Christina
Context/Background: Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide and in India. Educational interventions can create opportunities for patients to better understand their conditions and the role of therapies, as well as heighten awareness about disease progression and complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive health education program in comparison with self-reading learning on blood pressure control. Methodology: This study was a non-randomised controlled trial, involving 66 hypertensive patients from the eight villages in Kamjong district, Manipur. Participants were allocated to one of the two groups; intervention group (interactive health education) and control group (self-reading learning). Changes in blood pressure, Hypertension-related knowledge, attitude, lifestyle, adherence to medications and anthropometric parameters at three months post intervention from baseline were measured. Data was analysed using SPSS for Windows (Version 26.0). Results: Three months post intervention, intervention group had more knowledge and adherence and better attitude as compared to the control. There was no significant change in the proportion of participants with controlled blood pressure in both the groups. Changes in lifestyle and anthropometric parameters were not significant. Conclusions: Interactive health education is effective in terms of improvement in knowledge about hypertension, adherence to medication and attitude towards hypertension. A longer follow up might be needed to see changes in blood pressure control.
{"title":"Comparison of Effects of Interactive Health Education and Self-Reading Learning on Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients: A Non-Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Rangla James, Shantibala Konjengbam, Soubam Christina","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243452","url":null,"abstract":"Context/Background: Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide and in India. Educational interventions can create opportunities for patients to better understand their conditions and the role of therapies, as well as heighten awareness about disease progression and complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive health education program in comparison with self-reading learning on blood pressure control.\u0000Methodology: This study was a non-randomised controlled trial, involving 66 hypertensive patients from the eight villages in Kamjong district, Manipur. Participants were allocated to one of the two groups; intervention group (interactive health education) and control group (self-reading learning). Changes in blood pressure, Hypertension-related knowledge, attitude, lifestyle, adherence to medications and anthropometric parameters at three months post intervention from baseline were measured. Data was analysed using SPSS for Windows (Version 26.0).\u0000Results: Three months post intervention, intervention group had more knowledge and adherence and better attitude as compared to the control. There was no significant change in the proportion of participants with controlled blood pressure in both the groups. Changes in lifestyle and anthropometric parameters were not significant.\u0000Conclusions: Interactive health education is effective in terms of improvement in knowledge about hypertension, adherence to medication and attitude towards hypertension. A longer follow up might be needed to see changes in blood pressure control.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139816662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243546
Suparji, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, N. Surtinah
Stunting is a nutritional problem that has an impact on children's growth and development. This article discusses the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, the efforts made by the government, and Indonesia's position in dealing with the stunting problem. Data from various sources, including WHO and the Global Nutrition Report, is used to provide a comprehensive picture. In a global context, stunting affected approximately 144 million children under five years in 2019, with a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries . In Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor Leste have a high prevalence of stunting. Even though Indonesia has shown progress in reducing stunting rates, there are still challenges and targets that must be achieved. Indonesia's contribution to the global stunting problem, both in terms of causes and solutions. Efforts that have been made, such as improving nutrition for children and pregnant women, quality of health services, access to sanitation, and participation of all parties, are highlighted as important steps in dealing with stunting.
{"title":"Handling Stunting in Indonesia: Challenges, Progress and Recommendations","authors":"Suparji, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, N. Surtinah","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243546","url":null,"abstract":"Stunting is a nutritional problem that has an impact on children's growth and development. This article discusses the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, the efforts made by the government, and Indonesia's position in dealing with the stunting problem. Data from various sources, including WHO and the Global Nutrition Report, is used to provide a comprehensive picture. In a global context, stunting affected approximately 144 million children under five years in 2019, with a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries . In Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor Leste have a high prevalence of stunting. Even though Indonesia has shown progress in reducing stunting rates, there are still challenges and targets that must be achieved. Indonesia's contribution to the global stunting problem, both in terms of causes and solutions. Efforts that have been made, such as improving nutrition for children and pregnant women, quality of health services, access to sanitation, and participation of all parties, are highlighted as important steps in dealing with stunting.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"655 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139832461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243546
Suparji, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, N. Surtinah
Stunting is a nutritional problem that has an impact on children's growth and development. This article discusses the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, the efforts made by the government, and Indonesia's position in dealing with the stunting problem. Data from various sources, including WHO and the Global Nutrition Report, is used to provide a comprehensive picture. In a global context, stunting affected approximately 144 million children under five years in 2019, with a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries . In Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor Leste have a high prevalence of stunting. Even though Indonesia has shown progress in reducing stunting rates, there are still challenges and targets that must be achieved. Indonesia's contribution to the global stunting problem, both in terms of causes and solutions. Efforts that have been made, such as improving nutrition for children and pregnant women, quality of health services, access to sanitation, and participation of all parties, are highlighted as important steps in dealing with stunting.
{"title":"Handling Stunting in Indonesia: Challenges, Progress and Recommendations","authors":"Suparji, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, N. Surtinah","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243546","url":null,"abstract":"Stunting is a nutritional problem that has an impact on children's growth and development. This article discusses the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, the efforts made by the government, and Indonesia's position in dealing with the stunting problem. Data from various sources, including WHO and the Global Nutrition Report, is used to provide a comprehensive picture. In a global context, stunting affected approximately 144 million children under five years in 2019, with a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries . In Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor Leste have a high prevalence of stunting. Even though Indonesia has shown progress in reducing stunting rates, there are still challenges and targets that must be achieved. Indonesia's contribution to the global stunting problem, both in terms of causes and solutions. Efforts that have been made, such as improving nutrition for children and pregnant women, quality of health services, access to sanitation, and participation of all parties, are highlighted as important steps in dealing with stunting.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"162 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139892266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Adolescents contribute to one fifth of the world's population and is a high priority lifecycle stage for nutrition needs and intervention. Nutritional deficiency, including micronutrients, hinders their normal growth and development. Improving adolescent girls’ nutrition has reproduction-related benefits and serves as a unique opportunity to break the vicious cycle of intergenerational structural problems. The objective is to estimate the prevalence of anaemia, micronutrient deficiency and nutritional status among adolescent girls in rural India. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 241 adolescent girls in rural Tirunelveli, India with 220 blood samples. Results: The mean age of 241 adolescent girls was 13.8±1.4 years and nutritional status was normal, overweight, obese, thin and stunted in 81.7%, 14.5%, 3.3%,0.4% and 4.6% respectively. The prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia were 37.2%, 34.5% and 12.3%. Except for selenium, the estimated micronutrient deficiency levels were Vitamin B12 - 40.9%, Copper-30.9%, Zinc-13.6% and Iodine- 11%. Only 19.1% girls had adequate levels of all micronutrients. Vitamin B12 deficiency was more in girls who were overweight (p<0.05). Conclusion: Multiple micronutrient deficiency with normal nutritional status is high among adolescent girls with Vitamin B12 deficiency higher than Iron. Multipronged strategies, including introducing micronutrient fortified healthy snacks in schools, might bring greater acceptance and improvement in nutritional health among these girls.
{"title":"Multiple Micronutrient Deficiency Among Adolescent Girls with Normal Nutritional Status - Need for Fortified Nutritional Support in Rural Settings of South Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Sunitha K, Muthu G, Jesuraj Arockiasamy, Maryam Jamila S, Yuvaraj J, Shantaraman K","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220242830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220242830","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adolescents contribute to one fifth of the world's population and is a high priority lifecycle stage for nutrition needs and intervention. Nutritional deficiency, including micronutrients, hinders their normal growth and development. Improving adolescent girls’ nutrition has reproduction-related benefits and serves as a unique opportunity to break the vicious cycle of intergenerational structural problems. The objective is to estimate the prevalence of anaemia, micronutrient deficiency and nutritional status among adolescent girls in rural India.\u0000Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 241 adolescent girls in rural Tirunelveli, India with 220 blood samples.\u0000Results: The mean age of 241 adolescent girls was 13.8±1.4 years and nutritional status was normal, overweight, obese, thin and stunted in 81.7%, 14.5%, 3.3%,0.4% and 4.6% respectively. The prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia were 37.2%, 34.5% and 12.3%. Except for selenium, the estimated micronutrient deficiency levels were Vitamin B12 - 40.9%, Copper-30.9%, Zinc-13.6% and Iodine- 11%. Only 19.1% girls had adequate levels of all micronutrients. Vitamin B12 deficiency was more in girls who were overweight (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Multiple micronutrient deficiency with normal nutritional status is high among adolescent girls with Vitamin B12 deficiency higher than Iron. Multipronged strategies, including introducing micronutrient fortified healthy snacks in schools, might bring greater acceptance and improvement in nutritional health among these girls.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"1023 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55489/njcm.150220243434
Abhay S Nirgude, Mubeena Haleema
Introduction: Worldwide injury & violence is most important cause of death in children, every year it causes death in approximately 950000 children under the age group of 18. This study was conducted to find out the magnitude & epidemiological factors associated with unintentional childhood injuries. Methods: The study was conducted in urban field practice area of a Medical College, in Southern India. Community based cross sectional study was conducted by enrolling 500 children (0-18 years) during October 2018 to September 2020. Multistage simple random sampling method was followed to select the participants. Source of data was Mother/Father. Predesigned pretested validated structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results: Period prevalence of unintentional childhood injury was 18.6%. Fall was reported as most common cause of injury among children. Fall, sharp injuries, burn was associated with certain environmental risk factors. Children were at risk of road traffic injuries, burns, sharp injuries, and fall. Protective factors against injury were children belonging to lower and middle socio-economic status, child with 1 sibling. Conclusions: Period prevalence of unintentional childhood injury was 18.6%. Majority of them had fall as a cause of injury, with the risk factors for fall in the child’s environment.
{"title":"Epidemiological Profile of Unintentional Childhood Injuries in Urban Area of Mangaluru Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State, India","authors":"Abhay S Nirgude, Mubeena Haleema","doi":"10.55489/njcm.150220243434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150220243434","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Worldwide injury & violence is most important cause of death in children, every year it causes death in approximately 950000 children under the age group of 18. This study was conducted to find out the magnitude & epidemiological factors associated with unintentional childhood injuries.\u0000Methods: The study was conducted in urban field practice area of a Medical College, in Southern India. Community based cross sectional study was conducted by enrolling 500 children (0-18 years) during October 2018 to September 2020. Multistage simple random sampling method was followed to select the participants. Source of data was Mother/Father. Predesigned pretested validated structured questionnaire was used to collect the data.\u0000Results: Period prevalence of unintentional childhood injury was 18.6%. Fall was reported as most common cause of injury among children. Fall, sharp injuries, burn was associated with certain environmental risk factors. Children were at risk of road traffic injuries, burns, sharp injuries, and fall. Protective factors against injury were children belonging to lower and middle socio-economic status, child with 1 sibling.\u0000Conclusions: Period prevalence of unintentional childhood injury was 18.6%. Majority of them had fall as a cause of injury, with the risk factors for fall in the child’s environment.","PeriodicalId":430059,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Community Medicine","volume":"40 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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