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Cell Responses to Simulated Microgravity and Hydrodynamic Stress Can Be Distinguished by Comparative Transcriptomics 细胞对模拟微重力和流体动力应力的反应可以通过比较转录组学来区分
Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030029
Nikolai V. Kouznetsov
The human immune system is compromised in microgravity (MG) conditions during an orbital flight and upon return to Earth. T cells are critical for the immune response and execute their functions via actin-mediated immune cell-cell interactions that could be disturbed by MG conditions. In our study, we have applied two conventional platforms to simulate MG conditions: fast rotating clinostat (CL) and random positioning machine (RPM), followed by global T cell transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing. Noteworthily, both selected rotational simulated MG platforms employ forced cell movement in cultural medium and expose cells to shear forces, therefore inducing certain cell response to hydrodynamic stress. We demonstrate that the T cell transcriptome profile in response to simulated MG treatment was clearly distinguishable from the T cell transcriptome response to hydrodynamic stress (HS). Gene expression profiling of genes related to or involved in actin cytoskeleton networks using RT-qPCR confirmed two sets of differentially regulated genes in the T cell response to MG or to HS. Several key genes potentially involved in T cell gravisensing (Fam163b, Dnph1, Trim34, Upk-1b) were identified. A number of candidate biomarker genes of the response to MG (VAV1, VAV2, VAV3, and NFATC2) and of the response to HS (ITGAL, ITGB1, ITGB2, RAC1, and RAC2) could be used to distinguish between these processes on the gene transcription level. Together, MG induces changes in the overall transcriptome of T cells, leading to specific shifts in the expression of cytoskeletal network genes.
在轨道飞行和返回地球的微重力条件下,人体免疫系统受到损害。T细胞对免疫应答至关重要,并通过肌动蛋白介导的免疫细胞间相互作用来执行其功能,而这种相互作用可能受到MG条件的干扰。在我们的研究中,我们采用了两种传统的平台来模拟MG条件:快速旋转陀螺(CL)和随机定位机(RPM),然后使用RNA测序进行全局T细胞转录组分析。值得注意的是,两种选择的旋转模拟MG平台都迫使细胞在培养基中运动,并使细胞暴露在剪切力下,因此诱导细胞对水动力应力的一定反应。我们证明,模拟MG处理的T细胞转录组谱与水动力应激(HS)的T细胞转录组谱明显不同。利用RT-qPCR对肌动蛋白细胞骨架网络相关或参与的基因表达谱进行分析,证实了在T细胞对MG或HS的反应中存在两组差异调控基因。发现了几个可能参与T细胞重力感应的关键基因(Fam163b, Dnph1, Trim34, Upk-1b)。一些MG应答的候选生物标记基因(VAV1、VAV2、VAV3和NFATC2)和HS应答的候选生物标记基因(ITGAL、ITGB1、ITGB2、RAC1和RAC2)可用于在基因转录水平上区分这些过程。总之,MG诱导T细胞整体转录组的变化,导致细胞骨架网络基因表达的特异性变化。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Host GenomeDB: A Comprehensive Database Related to COVID-19 Host Genetics COVID-19宿主基因组数据库:与COVID-19宿主遗传学相关的综合数据库
Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030028
Bhavya Banjan, M. Albeshr, S. Mahboob, I. Manzoor, R. Das
The world is currently faced with a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several genome-wide and exome-wide studies (GWAS and EWAS) have been performed to identify the variability in the host genetic constitution that likely underlines the inter-individual variabilities in COVID-19 severity and clinical manifestation. Due to the magnitude of the articles available, creating a list of host-specific genetic variants and genes associated with COVID-19 can be both time-consuming and extremely challenging for COVID-19 researchers. To this end, the COVID-19 Host Genome database was built. This is currently the only dedicated, free-to-use database that deals solely with COVID-19 host-specific genetic variants and genes. HyperText Markup language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), and My Structured Query Language (MySQL) server (version 5.7.38) were used to develop the website, storage, and extraction of the data. So far, 787 genetic variants from 63 previously published articles were collected. The tabular data are hyperlinked to the original articles and the users can download all data from the database. COVID-19 Host GenomeDB is being revised constantly every month, and can benefit the research community studying the genetic variants to improve COVID-19 treatment and prevention strategies.
当前,世界正面临2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行。已经进行了几项全基因组和外显子组研究(GWAS和EWAS),以确定宿主遗传构成的变异性,这可能强调了COVID-19严重程度和临床表现的个体间变异性。由于现有文章的数量庞大,对于COVID-19研究人员来说,创建与COVID-19相关的宿主特异性遗传变异和基因列表既耗时又极具挑战性。为此,我们建立了新冠病毒宿主基因组数据库。这是目前唯一一个专门处理COVID-19宿主特异性遗传变异和基因的免费使用数据库。使用超文本标记语言(HTML)、层叠样式表(CSS)、超文本预处理器(PHP)和MySQL服务器(版本5.7.38)开发网站、存储和提取数据。到目前为止,从63篇先前发表的文章中收集了787种基因变异。表格数据超链接到原始文章,用户可以从数据库下载所有数据。COVID-19宿主基因组数据库每个月都在不断修订,可以使研究遗传变异的研究界受益,以改进COVID-19的治疗和预防策略。
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引用次数: 0
Sustained Virological Response Is the Most Effective in Preventing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Curative Treatment in Hepatitis C Virus-Positive Patients: A Study Using Decision Tree Analysis 持续的病毒学反应是预防丙型肝炎病毒阳性患者治愈后肝细胞癌复发最有效的方法:一项使用决策树分析的研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030027
K. Imai, Koji Takai, Shinji Unome, Takao Miwa, Toshihide Maeda, T. Hanai, Y. Shirakami, A. Suetsugu, M. Shimizu
This study evaluated the factors that affect the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive patients, who had received curative treatment for initial HCC, using decision tree analysis in 111 curative cases. The enrolled patients were divided into three groups by the decision tree analysis as follows: Patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) after curative treatment belonged to Group 1 (n = 33), those who did not achieve SVR and with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels < 11 ng/mL belonged to Group 2 (n = 30), and those who did not achieve SVR and with AFP levels ≥ 11 ng/mL belonged to Group 3 (n = 48). The Kaplan–Meier method revealed that Group 1 had significantly longer recurrence-free survival than Group 2 or 3 (p = 0.004). Moreover, there was no significant difference between patients achieving SVR with direct-acting antivirals and interferon therapy (p = 0.251). Group 3 had significantly poorer recurrence-free survival than Group 2 (p < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that SVR achievement was the only independent factor associated with low HCC recurrence (p = 0.005). In conclusion, patients who achieved SVR were the least prone to HCC recurrence, whereas those who did not achieve SVR and had AFP levels ≥ 11 ng/mL were the most prone to HCC recurrence.
本研究通过对111例已治愈的丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)阳性患者的决策树分析,评估了影响初始HCC治疗的肝细胞癌(HCC)复发的因素。采用决策树分析将入组患者分为3组:治疗后达到持续病毒学应答(SVR)的患者为1组(n = 33),未达到持续病毒学应答且甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平< 11 ng/mL的患者为2组(n = 30),未达到持续病毒学应答且甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平≥11 ng/mL的患者为3组(n = 48)。Kaplan-Meier法显示,1组患者的无复发生存期明显长于2组和3组(p = 0.004)。此外,直接作用抗病毒药物和干扰素治疗达到SVR的患者之间无显著差异(p = 0.251)。3组无复发生存率明显低于2组(p < 0.001)。Cox比例风险模型显示,SVR是HCC低复发率的唯一独立因素(p = 0.005)。综上所述,达到SVR的患者HCC复发的可能性最小,而未达到SVR且AFP水平≥11 ng/mL的患者HCC复发的可能性最大。
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引用次数: 0
Laboratory Rat Thrombi Lose One-Third of Their Stiffness When Exposed to Large Oscillating Shear Stress Amplitudes: Contrasting Behavior to Human Clots 当暴露于大振荡剪切应力振幅时,实验室大鼠血栓失去三分之一的刚度:与人类凝块的对比行为
Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030026
U. Windberger, V. Glanz, L. Ploszczanski
Rats impress by their high platelet count resulting in hypercoagulability, which protects the animals from severe bleeding. However, platelets also import numerous stiff junction points into the fibrous system of a clot, also enhancing the pre-stress of the fibrin fibers, which lowers their deformability. Clot deformation is clinically important since large strains are present in the arterial tree (caused by the propagation of pressure and pulse waves), and a clot is considered “safe” when it can deform over a long range of strain amplitudes. We tested clot formation and the behavior of fully formed blood clots of laboratory rats at large sinusoidal shear stress amplitudes by rheometry and compared outcomes to human reference data. We found that fiber density (by scanning electron microscopy) and clot stiffness was pronounced compared to humans and differed with sexual dimorphism and with rat strain. Using our large amplitude oscillation (LAOS) protocol, we detected that rat clots yielded with a frustrated attempt to stiffen instead of showing the macroscopic stiffening response that is typical for human clots. We attribute this behavior to the appearance of multiple microfractures until, finally, a few leading fibers uptake the load. Rat clots also failed to align fibers in shear direction to initiate affine deformation. The rat clot phenotype differs substantially from the human one, which must be considered in research and toxicological testing. If microfractures in the fiber meshwork are concentrated in vivo, parts of a clot may break off and be washed away. However, homogenously distributed microfractures may open pores and allow the penetration of plasminogen activators. What occurs in the rat vasculature depends on the on-site clot composition.
大鼠的高血小板计数导致高凝血性,从而保护动物免受严重出血。然而,血小板也向血栓的纤维系统中输入了大量的硬连接点,这也增强了纤维蛋白纤维的预应力,从而降低了它们的可变形性。血块变形在临床上很重要,因为在动脉树中存在大的应变(由压力和脉搏波的传播引起),当血块可以在很长的应变幅度范围内变形时,它被认为是“安全的”。我们通过流变学测试了实验室大鼠在大正弦剪切应力幅下的血栓形成和完全形成的血栓行为,并将结果与人类参考数据进行了比较。我们发现纤维密度(通过扫描电子显微镜)和凝块硬度与人类相比明显,与两性二态性和大鼠品系不同。使用我们的大振幅振荡(老挝)方案,我们检测到大鼠凝块产生了一个受挫的硬化尝试,而不是表现出典型的人类凝块的宏观硬化反应。我们将这种行为归因于多个微断裂的出现,直到最后,一些主要纤维承担了载荷。大鼠凝块也不能使纤维沿剪切方向排列从而引发仿射变形。大鼠血块表型与人类血块表型有很大不同,在研究和毒理学试验中必须考虑到这一点。如果纤维网的微裂缝在体内集中,部分凝块可能会断裂并被冲走。然而,均匀分布的微裂缝可能打开孔隙,允许纤溶酶原激活剂渗透。在大鼠血管系统中发生的情况取决于现场的凝块组成。
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引用次数: 2
The First Approved COVID-19 Vaccines: The Road to Cancer Vaccines 首批获批的COVID-19疫苗:通往癌症疫苗之路
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030025
Leo F. Saldanha, N. Vale
In the past decade, mRNA vaccines have been highly discussed as a promising therapy for cancer. With the pandemic of COVID-19, some researchers redirected their studies to the development of a new vaccine for COVID-19 due to the urgent need. With the pandemic’s deceleration due to the vaccines’ success, the research and development of mRNA vaccines have turned to cancer again. Considering the new evidence and results generated by the vaccination of millions of people with mRNA vaccines, this article intends to provide a perspective on how the results from COVID-19 vaccination could now provide new insights for the development of an mRNA cancer vaccine. Many lessons were learned, and new evidence is available to re-focus and enhance the potential of the mRNA technology to cancer. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna’s mRNA technologies, and their significant advancements, allowed mRNA to overcome many of the challenges and blockers related to this platform in the past, now providing a new breadth of hope on using the mRNA technology to treat many diseases, namely cancer. This study also reports a better understanding of how it was possible to boost an accelerated development process of COVID-19 vaccines from a regulatory point of view. It is also relevant to consider other synergies and factors that contributed to gathering all the conditions ensuring the development of these vaccines in such a short period. Suppose the same efforts from all stakeholders could be applied to the development of new cancer vaccines, aligned now with the new scientific evidence generated from the current mRNA vaccines for COVID-19. In that case, mRNA cancer vaccines are near, and a new era for cancer treatment is about to begin.
在过去的十年中,mRNA疫苗作为一种有希望的癌症治疗方法被高度讨论。随着新冠肺炎大流行,一些研究人员出于迫切需要,将研究方向转向了新冠病毒疫苗的开发。由于疫苗的成功,大流行的速度有所减缓,mRNA疫苗的研究和开发再次转向癌症。考虑到数百万人接种mRNA疫苗所产生的新证据和结果,本文旨在就COVID-19疫苗接种的结果如何为mRNA癌症疫苗的开发提供新的见解提供一个视角。我们从中吸取了许多教训,并有了新的证据来重新关注和增强mRNA技术对癌症的潜力。辉瑞- biontech和Moderna的mRNA技术及其重大进步,使mRNA能够克服过去与该平台相关的许多挑战和阻滞剂,现在为使用mRNA技术治疗许多疾病(即癌症)提供了新的希望。这项研究还报告了从监管的角度更好地理解如何可能促进COVID-19疫苗的加速开发过程。还应考虑其他协同作用和因素,这些因素有助于收集确保在如此短的时间内开发出这些疫苗的所有条件。假设所有利益攸关方的同样努力可以应用于开发新的癌症疫苗,并与当前COVID-19 mRNA疫苗产生的新科学证据保持一致。在这种情况下,mRNA癌症疫苗即将问世,癌症治疗的新时代即将开始。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring the Role of Serology Testing to Strengthen Vaccination Initiatives and Policies for COVID-19 in Asia Pacific Countries and Territories: A Discussion Paper 探讨血清学检测在加强亚太国家和地区COVID-19疫苗接种行动和政策中的作用:讨论文件
Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2030024
T. Chotpitayasunondh, D. Fisher, P. Hsueh, P.-I. Lee, K. N. Nogales Crespo, K. Ruxrungtham
This paper provides a comprehensive summary of evidence to explore and position the role of serology testing in the context of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) immunization and policy response in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region. The document builds on a review of academic literature and existing policies followed by a process of discussion, validation, and feedback by a group of six experts. Six countries and territories—Australia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Taiwan—were sampled to highlight the differing contexts and scenarios in the region. The review includes an overview of (1) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the emergence of Variants of Concern (VOCs), especially Omicron, (2) the introduction of immunization, (3) the available testing options and potential use of serology testing, (4) the landscape of guidelines and recommendations for their use, and (5) the barriers and challenges to implementing serology testing as a tool to support COVID-19 immunization. Based on the findings, the co-authors propose a set of recommendations to resolve knowledge gaps, to include the use of serology testing as part of the policy response, and to ensure adequate means of implementation. This paper’s target audience includes members of the academic community, medical societies, health providers and practitioners, and decision-makers.
本文通过对相关证据的综合总结,探讨血清学检测在亚太地区新冠肺炎(COVID-19)免疫和政策应对中的作用。该文件建立在对学术文献和现有政策的审查基础上,随后由六名专家组成的小组进行了讨论、验证和反馈。六个国家和地区——澳大利亚、香港、印度、印度尼西亚、泰国和台湾——被抽样调查,以突出该地区不同的背景和情况。该综述包括以下方面的概述:(1)COVID-19大流行的影响,包括关注变体(VOCs)的出现,特别是Omicron;(2)免疫接种的引入;(3)血清学检测的可用检测方案和潜在用途;(4)血清学检测的使用指南和建议概况;(5)将血清学检测作为支持COVID-19免疫接种的工具实施的障碍和挑战。基于这些发现,这组作者提出了一组建议,以解决知识差距,将血清学检测作为政策应对的一部分,并确保有足够的实施手段。本文的目标受众包括学术界,医学协会,卫生服务提供者和从业者,以及决策者的成员。
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引用次数: 1
Update on Rapid Diagnostics for COVID-19: A Systematic Review 2019冠状病毒病快速诊断最新进展:系统回顾
Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2020023
Bruna de Paula Dias, R. Gonçalves, Cyntia Silva Ferreira, Camila C. Barbosa, O. Arrieta, Samara Mayra Soares Alves dos Santos, Wellington Carvalho Malta, Mariela Alves e Silva, Maria Laura Maximiano Dias Gomes, A. Guimarães, L. Borges, Breno de Mello Silva
An accurate and rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 is an effective strategy for pandemic control, allowing disease screening and timely therapeutic intervention. We analyzed scientific reports about rapid tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 to assess their reliability parameters. Medical Subject Headings terms or keywords related to point-of-care and rapid diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 were searched in data published from November 2020 to November 2021 in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Notable differences were observed in sensitivity among direct tests that used different samples, and good accuracy was reported in a significant number of studies (>80%). Pediatric samples and samples with high Ct values (RT-PCR) had suboptimal sensitivity (range 45.4% to 66%). Further, a lack of sensitivity (<46.2%) was observed in point-of-care tests and in rapid diagnostic tests for antibody detection in the first days after infection, with increasing values in postinfection analysis (>60%). For serological detection of IgM or Antigen rapid diagnostic tests, no cross-reactivity was found with other coronaviruses. Therefore, although these tests are very important in facing the pandemic, they still need to be improved to test cross-reactivity against other pathogens, especially against other coronaviruses.
准确和快速诊断COVID-19是控制大流行的有效战略,可以进行疾病筛查和及时的治疗干预。对新冠肺炎快速诊断检测相关科学报告进行分析,评估其可靠性参数。在PubMed和Google Scholar数据库中检索2020年11月至2021年11月发布的数据,检索与SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19的即时护理和快速诊断检测相关的医学主题标题术语或关键词。在使用不同样本的直接试验中,观察到敏感性的显著差异,并且在大量研究中报告了良好的准确性(>80%)。儿童样本和高Ct值样本(RT-PCR)的敏感性不理想(范围为45.4%至66%)。此外,缺乏敏感性(60%)。在IgM血清学检测或抗原快速诊断试验中,未发现与其他冠状病毒交叉反应。因此,尽管这些检测在应对大流行方面非常重要,但仍需要改进,以检测与其他病原体,特别是与其他冠状病毒的交叉反应性。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of the Clinical Effects of an Antiviral, Immunostimulant and Antioxidant Phytotherapy in Patients Suffering from COVID-19 Infection: An Observational Pilot Study 抗病毒、免疫刺激和抗氧化植物疗法对COVID-19感染患者临床效果的评价:一项观察性初步研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2020022
Massimiliano Ortore, E. Grazioli, E. Tranchita, C. Minganti, Alessia Manteca, Ludovico Tinto, C. Cerulli, Igino Fabi, Antonella Foti, G. Borriello, Paolo Riondino, A. Parisi
Background: In the last two years, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread all over the world, affecting millions of people. The same infection can manifest in different clinical conditions, ranging from mild situations to severe patient impairment, up to their death. The COVID-19 infection can activate innate and adaptive immune systems and cause massive inflammatory responses that is important to treat as soon as possible. Methods: In the initial phase of the pandemic, a group of 240 unvaccinated subjects with COVID-19 disease was administered phytotherapy with immunostimulant and antioxidant property to evaluate the role of this phytotherapeutic preparation in counteracting the progression of the COVID-19 disease both in duration and complexity. Results: 161 patients were treated with phytotherapy alone and the prevailing symptoms in the acute phase were rhinitis, fever, cough, osteo-muscular pains; the other 79 patients were given a therapy with NSAIDs, symptomatic drugs, monoclonal antibodies, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and/or heparin. The coexistence of comorbidity (such as diabetes, hypertension, gastro-intestinal disease) was recorded in 74 out of 240 subjects, more frequently in the older subjects; there was no statistically significant correlation between the presence of comorbidity and the duration of disease. Hospitalization rate in this population was 1.6% and lethality rate was 0%. Conclusion: The use of phytotherapy can represent a valid weapon against COVID-19, since it showed no side effects and can also be used in association with other pharmacological therapies to reduce the massive inflammatory responses of this infection.
背景:在过去两年中,COVID-19大流行已经蔓延到世界各地,影响了数百万人。相同的感染可以表现为不同的临床状况,从轻微的情况到严重的患者损伤,直至患者死亡。COVID-19感染可激活先天和适应性免疫系统,并引起大量炎症反应,这对尽快治疗至关重要。方法:在大流行的初始阶段,对240名未接种疫苗的COVID-19疾病患者进行具有免疫刺激和抗氧化特性的植物治疗,以评估该植物治疗制剂在持续时间和复杂性方面抵消COVID-19疾病进展的作用。结果:161例患者单纯采用植物疗法治疗,急性期主要症状为鼻炎、发热、咳嗽、骨肌疼痛;其余79例患者给予非甾体抗炎药、对症药物、单克隆抗体、皮质类固醇、抗生素和/或肝素治疗。240名受试者中有74人存在共病(如糖尿病、高血压、胃肠道疾病),在老年受试者中更为常见;合并症的存在与疾病持续时间之间没有统计学上的显著相关性。该人群住院率为1.6%,死亡率为0%。结论:使用植物疗法可以作为对抗COVID-19的有效武器,因为它没有副作用,也可以与其他药物疗法联合使用,以减少这种感染的大量炎症反应。
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引用次数: 0
Is the COVID-19 Pandemic Over? The Current Status of Boosters, Immunosenescence, Long Haul COVID, and Systemic Complications COVID-19大流行结束了吗?助推器、免疫衰老、长期COVID和全身并发症的现状
Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2020021
Miriam Ting, J. Suzuki
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appears to be diminishing in infectivity and hospitalizations in the United States and many parts of the world. This review will provide current information on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and long haul COVID, emerging research on systemic complications, and antibody responses of vaccines and boosters.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)引起的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行,在美国和世界许多地区的传染性和住院率似乎正在下降。本文综述了SARS-CoV-2和长距离COVID的发病机制、系统性并发症的新研究以及疫苗和增强剂的抗体反应的最新信息。
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引用次数: 1
Enterococcus and COVID-19: The Emergence of a Perfect Storm? 肠球菌和COVID-19:一场完美风暴的出现?
Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/ijtm2020020
Dan-Alexandru Toc, Răzvan-Marian Mihăilă, A. Botan, Carina Nicoleta Bobohalma, Giulia Andreea Risteiu, Bogdan Nicolae Simut-Cacuci, Bianca Steorobelea, Stefan Troanca, L. Junie
(1) Background: Based on the uncontrolled use of antibiotics and the lack of worldwide-accepted healthcare policies, the COVID-19 pandemic has provided the best premises for the emergence of life-threatening infections. Based on changes described in the intestinal microbiome, showing an increased number of Enterococcus bacteria and increased intestinal permeability due to viral infection, infections with Enterococcus have taken the spotlight in the healthcare setting; (2) Methods: We conducted a brief review in order to analyze the relationship between the two pathogens: the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Enterococcus bacterial genus. We searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library electronic database and MedNar and included twenty-one studies based on relevance; (3) Results: The existing studies show a statistically significant difference in the composition of the intestinal microbiome, favoring Enterococcus genus, when compared to a control group. Changes also seem to persist over a period of time, suggesting possible implications for long COVID. Regarding bloodstream infections, Enterococcus is statistically significantly isolated more often when compared to the pre-COVID-19 era, and to a control group of non-COVID-19 patients. (4) Conclusions: The intimate synergy between COVID-19 and Enterococcus has the potential to pose a real threat to human healthcare, and more extensive research is needed to explore the relationship between these two pathogens.
(1)背景:基于抗生素使用不受控制和缺乏全球公认的医疗保健政策,COVID-19大流行为危及生命的感染的出现提供了最佳前提。肠道微生物组的变化表明,由于病毒感染,肠球菌细菌数量增加,肠道通透性增加,肠球菌感染已成为医疗保健机构关注的焦点;(2)方法:对SARS-CoV-2病毒和肠球菌属两种病原体的关系进行简要综述。我们检索了PubMed、Cochrane图书馆电子数据库和MedNar,根据相关性纳入了21项研究;(3)结果:现有研究表明,与对照组相比,肠道微生物组的组成有统计学意义上的差异,肠球菌属更占优势。变化似乎也会持续一段时间,这表明可能对COVID产生长期影响。在血液感染方面,与covid -19前和非covid -19对照组相比,肠球菌的分离率在统计学上显著提高。(4)结论:COVID-19与肠球菌之间的密切协同作用有可能对人类健康构成真正的威胁,需要更广泛的研究来探索这两种病原体之间的关系。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Journal of International Translational Medicine
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